Pub Date : 2019-03-20DOI: 10.31695/ijerat.2019.3404
Refik Cevirme, O. Isin
Internal combustion engines are important machines that make human life easier. Internal combustion engines are developing day by day and higher power density engines are produced. Besides, strict standards of emission and fuel economy are forcing automotive manufacturers to produce environment-friendly engines. While manufacturers produce engines in accordance with these standards, they also do various studies in order not to reduce performance. One of the most important of these studies is the development of thermal management. Good cooling of internal combustion engine pistons, which are exposed to high pressures and temperatures during the combustion process, is an important consideration for the development of the thermal management. In this study; it is aimed to investigate the effect of design differences on piston cooling by using different designs for the cooling gallery located in the head region of an internal combustion engine piston. For this purpose, thermal analysis of an internal combustion engine piston was performed for different cooling gallery designs and the results of the analysis of each design were compared. In addition, the results of the analysis were compared with the heat transfer rates in the literature.
{"title":"Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Piston Cooling Gallery Design on Heat Transfer in an Internal Combustion Engine","authors":"Refik Cevirme, O. Isin","doi":"10.31695/ijerat.2019.3404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31695/ijerat.2019.3404","url":null,"abstract":"Internal combustion engines are important machines that make human life easier. Internal combustion engines are developing day by day and higher power density engines are produced. Besides, strict standards of emission and fuel economy are forcing automotive manufacturers to produce environment-friendly engines. While manufacturers produce engines in accordance with these standards, they also do various studies in order not to reduce performance. One of the most important of these studies is the development of thermal management. Good cooling of internal combustion engine pistons, which are exposed to high pressures and temperatures during the combustion process, is an important consideration for the development of the thermal management. In this study; it is aimed to investigate the effect of design differences on piston cooling by using different designs for the cooling gallery located in the head region of an internal combustion engine piston. For this purpose, thermal analysis of an internal combustion engine piston was performed for different cooling gallery designs and the results of the analysis of each design were compared. In addition, the results of the analysis were compared with the heat transfer rates in the literature.","PeriodicalId":424923,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130745468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-15DOI: 10.31695/IJERAT.2019.3372
Hasnah, A. Rusdy, M. Sayuthi, Susanna, Auliani
This research was conducted on an Arabica coffee plantation that was organically managed in Atang Jungket Village, Aceh Tengah District, Aceh Province. Sampling using a purposive sampling method with the 5-hectare land area at altitude 1400 m above sea level. The results showed that arthropods found in arabica coffee plantations consist of 2 classes, 12 orders, and 72 families. The order of Hymenoptera was the dominant order (39.72%), followed by Diptera (34.72%), Araneae (9.46%), Coleoptera (8.06%) and other orders (Hemiptera, Blatodea, Homoptera, Lepidoptera, Mantodea, Mecoptera, Orthoptera and Psocoptera) that is 8.05%. The high abundance of arthropods in an agro-ecosystem is related to the stability of the environment, where the food chain is still well-established.
{"title":"The Diversity of Arthropods at the Arabica Coffee Plantation in Atang Jungket Village, Aceh Tengah District, Indonesia","authors":"Hasnah, A. Rusdy, M. Sayuthi, Susanna, Auliani","doi":"10.31695/IJERAT.2019.3372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31695/IJERAT.2019.3372","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted on an Arabica coffee plantation that was organically managed in Atang Jungket Village, Aceh Tengah District, Aceh Province. Sampling using a purposive sampling method with the 5-hectare land area at altitude 1400 m above sea level. The results showed that arthropods found in arabica coffee plantations consist of 2 classes, 12 orders, and 72 families. The order of Hymenoptera was the dominant order (39.72%), followed by Diptera (34.72%), Araneae (9.46%), Coleoptera (8.06%) and other orders (Hemiptera, Blatodea, Homoptera, Lepidoptera, Mantodea, Mecoptera, Orthoptera and Psocoptera) that is 8.05%. The high abundance of arthropods in an agro-ecosystem is related to the stability of the environment, where the food chain is still well-established.","PeriodicalId":424923,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117299990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-15DOI: 10.31695/IJERAT.2019.3379
Putra Jaya Pradana, P. Setijanti, D. Septanti
The growth of public universities and private universities in Surabaya causes many temporary residents with educational aims. This temporary resident certainly needs a temporary residence such as a boarding house. Boarding house investment offers passive income that is not small, especially the boarding house with middle up segmentation. However, the costs involved in developing a boarding house are very large, so it is necessary to study what the prospective customer prioritize in deciding the decision to choose a boarding house. Quantitative approaches are used in determining influential factors and determiningpreferences. The survey was conducted with respondents from 100 middle up class students.The results of this study indicate that the factors which influence the choice of boarding houses are security, price, location, facilities, environment, reputation, reference and service. Advertising factor is a factor that has no effect. Preference for boarding houses produced in general are some of them including CCTV boarding houses; low, tenuous and transparent fence model; the boarding house is located at a location less than 1 Km from the campus area and has a front road between 3-5 meters wide where 2 cars can pass intersection; daily cleaning staff; silent boarding house acoustic conditions; limited car parking; electronic TV and AC facilities; additional bathroom inside; Mattresses, study tables, chairs and wifi; communal living room and kitchen; minimalist design theme and room size 3x4 meters (12 m2); the surrounding environment is in the form of formal housing; absence of security services; service with water pumps and separated electricity systems.
{"title":"Boarding House Preferences by Middle Up Class Students in Surabaya","authors":"Putra Jaya Pradana, P. Setijanti, D. Septanti","doi":"10.31695/IJERAT.2019.3379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31695/IJERAT.2019.3379","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of public universities and private universities in Surabaya causes many temporary residents with educational aims. This temporary resident certainly needs a temporary residence such as a boarding house. Boarding house investment offers passive income that is not small, especially the boarding house with middle up segmentation. However, the costs involved in developing a boarding house are very large, so it is necessary to study what the prospective customer prioritize in deciding the decision to choose a boarding house. Quantitative approaches are used in determining influential factors and determiningpreferences. The survey was conducted with respondents from 100 middle up class students.The results of this study indicate that the factors which influence the choice of boarding houses are security, price, location, facilities, environment, reputation, reference and service. Advertising factor is a factor that has no effect. Preference for boarding houses produced in general are some of them including CCTV boarding houses; low, tenuous and transparent fence model; the boarding house is located at a location less than 1 Km from the campus area and has a front road between 3-5 meters wide where 2 cars can pass intersection; daily cleaning staff; silent boarding house acoustic conditions; limited car parking; electronic TV and AC facilities; additional bathroom inside; Mattresses, study tables, chairs and wifi; communal living room and kitchen; minimalist design theme and room size 3x4 meters (12 m2); the surrounding environment is in the form of formal housing; absence of security services; service with water pumps and separated electricity systems.","PeriodicalId":424923,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124676162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-10DOI: 10.31695/IJERAT.2019.3369
Mohammad M. Al-Azzawi, MSc. Muayyad A.H Al-Hayali, MSc. Kousay N. Al-Ane
As motors have created consistently, pistons have progressed with them. They're getting shorter and lighter and use more diminutive skirts the round and hollow "body" of the pistons. More up and coming pistons are consistently made of aluminum compounds included more silicon than previously. This improves insurance from the warmth and diminishes warm advancement [1]. One of the best movements in piston advancement is the usage of different piston "crowns" the part that enters the consuming chamber and is presented to interior burning. While increasingly prepared piston tops were the generally social butterfly, various by and by incorporate dishes on top that incorporate diverse influence the consuming system. In this paper, it presents the distinctive state of piston head "Crown" that can clear up the remaining gas grating to begin choppiness to get a legitimate air-fuel proportion [2,3].
{"title":"A Derived Piston Configuration to Encourage the Transfer of Residual Gas Fraction to Unite Motor Execution","authors":"Mohammad M. Al-Azzawi, MSc. Muayyad A.H Al-Hayali, MSc. Kousay N. Al-Ane","doi":"10.31695/IJERAT.2019.3369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31695/IJERAT.2019.3369","url":null,"abstract":"As motors have created consistently, pistons have progressed with them. They're getting shorter and lighter and use more diminutive skirts the round and hollow \"body\" of the pistons. More up and coming pistons are consistently made of aluminum compounds included more silicon than previously. This improves insurance from the warmth and diminishes warm advancement [1]. One of the best movements in piston advancement is the usage of different piston \"crowns\" the part that enters the consuming chamber and is presented to interior burning. While increasingly prepared piston tops were the generally social butterfly, various by and by incorporate dishes on top that incorporate diverse influence the consuming system. In this paper, it presents the distinctive state of piston head \"Crown\" that can clear up the remaining gas grating to begin choppiness to get a legitimate air-fuel proportion [2,3].","PeriodicalId":424923,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121454966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.31695/ijerat.2019.3425
A. Khalifa, B KeshekA., Bassam W . Abou-Shousha
Enhancement of radiation safety in industrial cobalt -60 irradiator unit is a necessity need to protect working staff and the environment against radiation release by applying radiation safety standards inside and outside industrial during normal and abnormal operating conditions. This could be fulfilled by preventing stacking, falling, and probability broken cobalt-60 radiation capsules which could lead to water contamination inside the storage pool. The water of storage pool is contaminated by broken hot capsule where the radiation source is changed from close radiation source to very dangerous open radiation source. This paper presents a proposed modified design with concrete shielding maze having more than one right – angle bend to maintain radiation prohibitive and to determine the smallest radiation exposure rates at the entrance of maze design with several legs.
{"title":"Enhancement of Radiation Safety in Industrial Cobalt -60 Irradiator During Abnormal Conditions","authors":"A. Khalifa, B KeshekA., Bassam W . Abou-Shousha","doi":"10.31695/ijerat.2019.3425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31695/ijerat.2019.3425","url":null,"abstract":"Enhancement of radiation safety in industrial cobalt -60 irradiator unit is a necessity need to protect working staff and the environment against radiation release by applying radiation safety standards inside and outside industrial during normal and abnormal operating conditions. This could be fulfilled by preventing stacking, falling, and probability broken cobalt-60 radiation capsules which could lead to water contamination inside the storage pool. The water of storage pool is contaminated by broken hot capsule where the radiation source is changed from close radiation source to very dangerous open radiation source. This paper presents a proposed modified design with concrete shielding maze having more than one right – angle bend to maintain radiation prohibitive and to determine the smallest radiation exposure rates at the entrance of maze design with several legs.","PeriodicalId":424923,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127330375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.31695/IJERAT.2018.3284
Jamuna Kaushik, Abhishek Misal
Heart sound is a kind of bio-sound, mainly through the media pass sound signals. The measures of the heart sound signals involved in acoustics, fluid mechanics research. when added some noise for selecting pure PCG signal by using adaptive white Gaussian noise. Than denoise the PCG signal by using Discrete Wavelet transform and decomposes a signal into a 4 level of basic functions. These basic functions are called Discrete wavelet transform (DWT), which transforms a discrete time signal to a discrete wavelet representation. Experiments are conducted on 23 different recordings of heart sound where experiment working on 2 normal signal and 19 Abnormal signals where working on the accuracy of the PCG signal that is depending on the training and testing data. Segmentation process based on Shannon entropy method for low amplitude and GSF is based on high amplitude. Toward this objective, after preprocessing the PCG signal, for feature extraction of the PCG signal fixed windows were moved on the preprocessed signal, and in each analysis window, two frequency-and amplitude-based features were calculated from the excerpted segment. In order to recognize the delineated PCG sounds, ?rst, S1 and S2 were detected. Then, a new DS was regenerated from the signal whose S1 and S2 were eliminated to detect occasional S3 and S4 sounds. Finally, probable murmurs and souf?es were spotted. The proposed algorithm was applied to 6 beat PCG. signals gathered from patients with different valve diseases. This feature Extraction of the PCG signal is use PCA for reducing 216 dimensions to 7 dimensions of the PCG signal. and the classifier is used SVM method which is found the normal and abnormal heart sound of the PCG signal.
{"title":"Segmentation of Phonocardiograms Signal","authors":"Jamuna Kaushik, Abhishek Misal","doi":"10.31695/IJERAT.2018.3284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31695/IJERAT.2018.3284","url":null,"abstract":"Heart sound is a kind of bio-sound, mainly through the media pass sound signals. The measures of the heart sound signals involved in acoustics, fluid mechanics research. when added some noise for selecting pure PCG signal by using adaptive white Gaussian noise. Than denoise the PCG signal by using Discrete Wavelet transform and decomposes a signal into a 4 level of basic functions. These basic functions are called Discrete wavelet transform (DWT), which transforms a discrete time signal to a discrete wavelet representation. Experiments are conducted on 23 different recordings of heart sound where experiment working on 2 normal signal and 19 Abnormal signals where working on the accuracy of the PCG signal that is depending on the training and testing data. Segmentation process based on Shannon entropy method for low amplitude and GSF is based on high amplitude. Toward this objective, after preprocessing the PCG signal, for feature extraction of the PCG signal fixed windows were moved on the preprocessed signal, and in each analysis window, two frequency-and amplitude-based features were calculated from the excerpted segment. In order to recognize the delineated PCG sounds, ?rst, S1 and S2 were detected. Then, a new DS was regenerated from the signal whose S1 and S2 were eliminated to detect occasional S3 and S4 sounds. Finally, probable murmurs and souf?es were spotted. The proposed algorithm was applied to 6 beat PCG. signals gathered from patients with different valve diseases. This feature Extraction of the PCG signal is use PCA for reducing 216 dimensions to 7 dimensions of the PCG signal. and the classifier is used SVM method which is found the normal and abnormal heart sound of the PCG signal.","PeriodicalId":424923,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130416182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.31695/IJERAT.2018.3283
M. Tyabo, O. Oyedum, B. Musa, Muraina Nurudeen, Ibrahim Samue
Spatial and temporal variations of surface refractivity, Ns, in the troposphere are important parameters in designing terrestrial communication links. This research work examines the effect of variations of meteorological parameters on surface radio refractivity during dry and wet seasons in Minna and Lapai (2011-2013). The data on surface temperature, humidity and pressure collected from the Tropospheric Data Acquisition Network (TRODAN) weather stations installed at the Federal University of Technology, Minna, and at Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, were used for the computation of radio refractivity. The hourly and monthly averages of radio refractivity during dry and wet seasons were calculated. The results showed that surface refractivity varied diurnally and seasonally in both stations. Refractivity values were high during the early morning and night hours and decreased rapidly during the afternoon hours. Values of refractivity were also generally low during the dry season months and high during the wet season months. It was also observed that refractivity values were higher at Lapai than Minna in dry season months. The result also shows that diurnal refractivity variation is attributed to atmospheric phenomena while seasonal variation is caused by the climatic conditions of the regions. Maximum values of 350 N-units in August in 2011, 343 N-units in July in 2012 and 347 N-units in August in 2013, while the minimum values of 275 N-units in January in 2011, 278 N-units in March in 2012 and 273 N-units were recorded in February for Minna. Surface refractivity has maximum values of 350 N-Units in August (2011), 347 N-Units in August (2012) and 349 N-Units in September (2013), while minimum values of 289 N-Units, 290 N-Units and 297 N-Units occurred in January in 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively for Lapai.
{"title":"Diurnal and Seasonal Variation of Surface Refractivity in Minna and Lapai, North Central Nigeria","authors":"M. Tyabo, O. Oyedum, B. Musa, Muraina Nurudeen, Ibrahim Samue","doi":"10.31695/IJERAT.2018.3283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31695/IJERAT.2018.3283","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial and temporal variations of surface refractivity, Ns, in the troposphere are important parameters in designing terrestrial communication links. This research work examines the effect of variations of meteorological parameters on surface radio refractivity during dry and wet seasons in Minna and Lapai (2011-2013). The data on surface temperature, humidity and pressure collected from the Tropospheric Data Acquisition Network (TRODAN) weather stations installed at the Federal University of Technology, Minna, and at Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, were used for the computation of radio refractivity. The hourly and monthly averages of radio refractivity during dry and wet seasons were calculated. The results showed that surface refractivity varied diurnally and seasonally in both stations. Refractivity values were high during the early morning and night hours and decreased rapidly during the afternoon hours. Values of refractivity were also generally low during the dry season months and high during the wet season months. It was also observed that refractivity values were higher at Lapai than Minna in dry season months. The result also shows that diurnal refractivity variation is attributed to atmospheric phenomena while seasonal variation is caused by the climatic conditions of the regions. Maximum values of 350 N-units in August in 2011, 343 N-units in July in 2012 and 347 N-units in August in 2013, while the minimum values of 275 N-units in January in 2011, 278 N-units in March in 2012 and 273 N-units were recorded in February for Minna. Surface refractivity has maximum values of 350 N-Units in August (2011), 347 N-Units in August (2012) and 349 N-Units in September (2013), while minimum values of 289 N-Units, 290 N-Units and 297 N-Units occurred in January in 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively for Lapai.","PeriodicalId":424923,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132004850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.31695/ijerat.2019.3436
Yurisdal, B. Susetyo
Light Rail Transit Development in Indonesia is progressing quite rapidly. Light Rail Transit is one of the modes of transportation solutions in the capital. The reason for the construction LRT because it more easily integrated with MRT and KRL. Due to the shortage of land in the capital, Jakarta. The system will use the system structure model structure elevated structure (cross-over structure), where pier structure is the structure of reinforced concrete columns (RC-Pier). At the time of execution occurs because the cost overrun earlier methods used inefficiently. Therefore, researchers will discuss the factors that affect the cost of crusting of 16:25% of the budget plan at work implementation RC-Pier in the LRT Jabodebek. Researchers using SPSS as the tool to get the factors that affect the cost of the implementation of the work crusting RC-Pier in LRT Jabodebek Project location of CawangDukuh Atas. The results of this study the factors that affect the efficiency gain is planning inadequate project, management, control and structure a bad project, project funding is inadequate, does not account for unexpected costs, inaccurate estimates/cost estimates are too low, collect information complete, resource constraints, the cost of construction of the LRT, the lack of experience of consultants, contractors and project managers and changes in design specifications.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Cost Overrun of RC-PIER Jabodebek LRT Project : A Case Study of Cawang, Indonesia","authors":"Yurisdal, B. Susetyo","doi":"10.31695/ijerat.2019.3436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31695/ijerat.2019.3436","url":null,"abstract":"Light Rail Transit Development in Indonesia is progressing quite rapidly. Light Rail Transit is one of the modes of transportation solutions in the capital. The reason for the construction LRT because it more easily integrated with MRT and KRL. Due to the shortage of land in the capital, Jakarta. The system will use the system structure model structure elevated structure (cross-over structure), where pier structure is the structure of reinforced concrete columns (RC-Pier). At the time of execution occurs because the cost overrun earlier methods used inefficiently. Therefore, researchers will discuss the factors that affect the cost of crusting of 16:25% of the budget plan at work implementation RC-Pier in the LRT Jabodebek. Researchers using SPSS as the tool to get the factors that affect the cost of the implementation of the work crusting RC-Pier in LRT Jabodebek Project location of CawangDukuh Atas. The results of this study the factors that affect the efficiency gain is planning inadequate project, management, control and structure a bad project, project funding is inadequate, does not account for unexpected costs, inaccurate estimates/cost estimates are too low, collect information complete, resource constraints, the cost of construction of the LRT, the lack of experience of consultants, contractors and project managers and changes in design specifications.","PeriodicalId":424923,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125108140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.31695/ijerat.2021.3704
Wedad Abdul Khuder Naser
{"title":"An Approach for Multi-Document Text Summarization Using Extreme Learning Machine and LexRank","authors":"Wedad Abdul Khuder Naser","doi":"10.31695/ijerat.2021.3704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31695/ijerat.2021.3704","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":424923,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology","volume":"678 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116106251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.31695/ijerat.2019.3560
O. Boukar, Gamraïkréo Djaowé, Alban Ngatchou, L. Bitjoka
Quality inspection of food and agricultural product are difficult and labor-intensive. Simultaneously, with increased expectations for food products of high quality and safety standards, the need for accurate, fast and objective quality determination of these characteristics in food products continues to grow. However, these operations generally in Cameroon are manual which is costly as well as unreliable because the human decision in identifying quality factors such as appearance, flavor, nutrient, texture, is inconsistent, subjective and slow. Machine vision provides one alternative for an automated, non-destructive and cost-effective technique to accomplish these requirements. This inspection approach based on image analysis and processing has an important place in the food industry. The application of color image analysis system, in this case, shows clearly that all the food product studied here were discriminated over 95%.
{"title":"Food Non-Destructive Quality Evaluation Using Color Image Analysis System","authors":"O. Boukar, Gamraïkréo Djaowé, Alban Ngatchou, L. Bitjoka","doi":"10.31695/ijerat.2019.3560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31695/ijerat.2019.3560","url":null,"abstract":"Quality inspection of food and agricultural product are difficult and labor-intensive. Simultaneously, with increased expectations for food products of high quality and safety standards, the need for accurate, fast and objective quality determination of these characteristics in food products continues to grow. However, these operations generally in Cameroon are manual which is costly as well as unreliable because the human decision in identifying quality factors such as appearance, flavor, nutrient, texture, is inconsistent, subjective and slow. Machine vision provides one alternative for an automated, non-destructive and cost-effective technique to accomplish these requirements. This inspection approach based on image analysis and processing has an important place in the food industry. The application of color image analysis system, in this case, shows clearly that all the food product studied here were discriminated over 95%.","PeriodicalId":424923,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129250513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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