Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.7225/toms.v11.n02.008
Burcu Öztürk Taç, M. Celik
This paper proposes a hybrid approach, including Fuzzy Dematel (FD) integrated with Discrete Event Simulation (DES), to predict emergency preparedness levels on-board ships. The FD used critical factors that affect emergency preparedness to conduct a DES based on real firefighting drill records collected from 45 merchant ships. The simulation results showed the average duration of on-board drills in ideal conditions (27.47 min.), in the worst-case scenario (51.49 min.), for Ship A (29.99 min.), and Ship B (28.12 min.). Based on the findings, recovery actions linked to the factors have been recommended to promote on-board implementation. The proposed model is of great importance to shore-based managers, allowing them to monitor the emergency preparedness level of the fleet continuously, even during pandemics. Further studies are planned to develop a remote monitoring system that would digitalize the existing response procedures in emergency situations.
{"title":"Prediction of Emergency Preparedness Level On-Board Ships Using Discrete Event Simulation: the Case of Firefighting Drill","authors":"Burcu Öztürk Taç, M. Celik","doi":"10.7225/toms.v11.n02.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7225/toms.v11.n02.008","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a hybrid approach, including Fuzzy Dematel (FD) integrated with Discrete Event Simulation (DES), to predict emergency preparedness levels on-board ships. The FD used critical factors that affect emergency preparedness to conduct a DES based on real firefighting drill records collected from 45 merchant ships. The simulation results showed the average duration of on-board drills in ideal conditions (27.47 min.), in the worst-case scenario (51.49 min.), for Ship A (29.99 min.), and Ship B (28.12 min.). Based on the findings, recovery actions linked to the factors have been recommended to promote on-board implementation. The proposed model is of great importance to shore-based managers, allowing them to monitor the emergency preparedness level of the fleet continuously, even during pandemics. Further studies are planned to develop a remote monitoring system that would digitalize the existing response procedures in emergency situations.","PeriodicalId":42576,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Maritime Science-ToMS","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78371526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.7225/toms.v11.n02.012
Mohit Gupta, S. Shanthakumar
The present study will discuss the role of admiralty courts in India in protecting abandoned seafarers. Judgments and orders of Admiralty courts are analyzed to decipher the approach adopted by Indian admiralty courts for protecting abandoned seafarers in Indian Ports. Furthermore, it is seen how much time Admiralty Courts in India usually take to judicially auction the vessel in cases where the vessel under arrest has an abandoned crew onboard. Several suggestions are made on how Admiralty courts in India can better protect abandoned seafarers by using the existing legal regime. The study is doctrinal. A significant data source for the study comprises Judgments and orders from Indian Admiralty courts involving abandoned seafarers. In particular, five specific instances where seafarer abandonment was reported on the vessel are assessed, and all of these cases were litigated in the Indian Admiralty court. From work, it can be seen that Admiralty courts in India have played a crucial role in protecting the abandoned seafarers in Indian Ports. Courts have come out as a guardian of seafarers, and it was only due to the intervention of the courts that the seafarers, in numerous cases, were able to recover pending wages, repatriation expenses, and necessities onboard the vessel. Furthermore, it is found from the analysis of case laws that the time the court takes for judicially auctioning the vessel is much longer than the maximum period specified in the Admiralty Act, 2017. From the study, it can be concluded that although Admiralty courts in India have played an important role in protecting abandoned seafarers in Indian ports, still, there is a need for some changes, which include speedy disposal of admiralty litigations in India.
{"title":"Assessment of Role of Admiralty Courts in India in Protecting Abandoned Seafarers Onboard Vessels in Indian Ports","authors":"Mohit Gupta, S. Shanthakumar","doi":"10.7225/toms.v11.n02.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7225/toms.v11.n02.012","url":null,"abstract":"The present study will discuss the role of admiralty courts in India in protecting abandoned seafarers. Judgments and orders of Admiralty courts are analyzed to decipher the approach adopted by Indian admiralty courts for protecting abandoned seafarers in Indian Ports. Furthermore, it is seen how much time Admiralty Courts in India usually take to judicially auction the vessel in cases where the vessel under arrest has an abandoned crew onboard. Several suggestions are made on how Admiralty courts in India can better protect abandoned seafarers by using the existing legal regime. The study is doctrinal. A significant data source for the study comprises Judgments and orders from Indian Admiralty courts involving abandoned seafarers. In particular, five specific instances where seafarer abandonment was reported on the vessel are assessed, and all of these cases were litigated in the Indian Admiralty court. From work, it can be seen that Admiralty courts in India have played a crucial role in protecting the abandoned seafarers in Indian Ports. Courts have come out as a guardian of seafarers, and it was only due to the intervention of the courts that the seafarers, in numerous cases, were able to recover pending wages, repatriation expenses, and necessities onboard the vessel. Furthermore, it is found from the analysis of case laws that the time the court takes for judicially auctioning the vessel is much longer than the maximum period specified in the Admiralty Act, 2017. From the study, it can be concluded that although Admiralty courts in India have played an important role in protecting abandoned seafarers in Indian ports, still, there is a need for some changes, which include speedy disposal of admiralty litigations in India.","PeriodicalId":42576,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Maritime Science-ToMS","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76168473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.7225/toms.v11.n02.007
Lilian Loubet, A. Serry
The beginning of the twenty-first century has brought about multiple changes for French ports, such as increased competition and the loss of market share, as well as reforms that have reorganized the national port system. In this context, France’s western coastline constitutes a major stake for the development of the country's foreign trade. Indeed, it is located in an ambivalent position, both closely connected to and at the same time competing with the Northern-Range. Since the large port reform of 2008, the three autonomous ports of France’s western coast (Dunkirk, Le Havre, and Nantes- Saint-Nazaire) have become “Large Maritime Ports” (Grands ports maritimes), or “major seaports” in English. If their institutional governance subscribes to a general model, we can nevertheless observe local specificities which are reinforced by the contemporary merging of the ports of the Seine Axis (Le Havre, Rouen and Paris).Beyond the institutional dimension, therefore, the paper will analyse the decision-making mechanism and structuring of local leaderships according to the representations of the main stakeholders of the three port cities. For this purpose, the representatives of the stakeholders involved were interviewed during a series of consultations, aiming at defining the urban port governance processes in each territory. Thus, the articulation of the scales of power, private-public relations, opposition between port workers’ unions, port authorities or organizations defending the interests of industrial port companies, are expressed through nuances that give substance to port dynamics, as complex as it is subtle.
{"title":"Port Cities Dynamics in North-Western France: the Cases of Dunkirk, Le Havre and Nantes-Saint-Nazaire","authors":"Lilian Loubet, A. Serry","doi":"10.7225/toms.v11.n02.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7225/toms.v11.n02.007","url":null,"abstract":"The beginning of the twenty-first century has brought about multiple changes for French ports, such as increased competition and the loss of market share, as well as reforms that have reorganized the national port system. In this context, France’s western coastline constitutes a major stake for the development of the country's foreign trade. Indeed, it is located in an ambivalent position, both closely connected to and at the same time competing with the Northern-Range. Since the large port reform of 2008, the three autonomous ports of France’s western coast (Dunkirk, Le Havre, and Nantes- Saint-Nazaire) have become “Large Maritime Ports” (Grands ports maritimes), or “major seaports” in English. If their institutional governance subscribes to a general model, we can nevertheless observe local specificities which are reinforced by the contemporary merging of the ports of the Seine Axis (Le Havre, Rouen and Paris).Beyond the institutional dimension, therefore, the paper will analyse the decision-making mechanism and structuring of local leaderships according to the representations of the main stakeholders of the three port cities. For this purpose, the representatives of the stakeholders involved were interviewed during a series of consultations, aiming at defining the urban port governance processes in each territory. Thus, the articulation of the scales of power, private-public relations, opposition between port workers’ unions, port authorities or organizations defending the interests of industrial port companies, are expressed through nuances that give substance to port dynamics, as complex as it is subtle.","PeriodicalId":42576,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Maritime Science-ToMS","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76503107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.7225/toms.v11.n02.006
Amir Syawal Kamis, Ahmad Faizal Ahmad Fuad, A. Q. Anwar
This study aims to review the methods that can be used to identify the wheel-over point for a ship’s effective course alteration. Using the systematic literature-review technique with reference to the PRISMA model, this study was able to collate the methods identified through a thematic analysis that was appropriate to the technique’s fundamental principle. As a result, four themes were identified: ROT Turns, Fixed Radius Turns, RADAR Turns, and Fixed Rudder Angle Turns. It was also discovered that the techniques applied by mariners varied according to the navigation region. The navigation regions can be categorised into three areas, i.e. ocean navigation, coastal navigation, and harbour and confined-water navigation. The methods found in this research can be used aboard ship to aid the navigators in making more efficient course alterations for the purpose of enhancing the safety of navigation.
{"title":"Systematic Literature Review on Wheel-over Point Techniques for Efficient Ship Manoeuvre","authors":"Amir Syawal Kamis, Ahmad Faizal Ahmad Fuad, A. Q. Anwar","doi":"10.7225/toms.v11.n02.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7225/toms.v11.n02.006","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to review the methods that can be used to identify the wheel-over point for a ship’s effective course alteration. Using the systematic literature-review technique with reference to the PRISMA model, this study was able to collate the methods identified through a thematic analysis that was appropriate to the technique’s fundamental principle. As a result, four themes were identified: ROT Turns, Fixed Radius Turns, RADAR Turns, and Fixed Rudder Angle Turns. It was also discovered that the techniques applied by mariners varied according to the navigation region. The navigation regions can be categorised into three areas, i.e. ocean navigation, coastal navigation, and harbour and confined-water navigation. The methods found in this research can be used aboard ship to aid the navigators in making more efficient course alterations for the purpose of enhancing the safety of navigation.","PeriodicalId":42576,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Maritime Science-ToMS","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89864013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.7225/toms.v11.n02.019
Adelija Čulić-Viskota, Hans Rummel
This paper aims at providing an insight into the work of late Professor Emeritus Kurt Opitz, German lexicographer, and applied linguist as an ESP practitioner with special regard to Maritime English. A list of Opitz’s contributions to both the above-mentioned linguistic branches has been compiled and attached to this paper. His work has been considered as contributing to identifying and providing insight into some crucial issues in lexicography, especially the production of a learner’s dictionary. Familiarity with these issues was enabled by Opitz’s performing the role of Maritime English lecturer. In addition, the activity in the field of maritime education and training encouraged him to envisage and organize the teacher training activities within a national association, but with a view of openness to the worldwide Maritime English teaching community, which resulted in the foundation of G.A.M.E. (Gesellschaft für Ausbildung in Maritimem Englisch = German Association for Maritime English / Association for Maritime English). The paper presents Kurt Opitz along the line of his distinctive personal and professional development, not only as a linguist with particular fascination for lexicography, but also as an applied linguist with a great enthusiasm for the promotion of constantly updated Maritime English and its teaching methodology. Other, not so widely known facets of Opitz’s interests, e.g. his polyglot and literary profiles, have been discovered by the authors during this research and are brought here before our readers.
本文旨在深入了解德国词典编纂者、应用语言学家、已故名誉教授库尔特·奥皮茨(Kurt Opitz)作为专门从事海事英语ESP的实践者的工作。Opitz对上述两个语言分支的贡献已汇编并附在本文中。他的工作被认为对词典编纂中的一些关键问题做出了贡献，并提供了见解，特别是在学习词典的制作方面。Opitz担任海事英语讲师的角色使他们熟悉了这些问题。此外，在海事教育和培训领域的活动鼓励他设想和组织一个全国性协会的教师培训活动，但以开放的眼光向全球海事英语教学社区开放，这导致了G.A.M.E. (Gesellschaft f r Ausbildung In Maritimem English =德国海事英语协会/海事英语协会)的成立。本文介绍了库尔特·奥皮茨独特的个人和职业发展，他不仅是一位对词典编纂特别着迷的语言学家，而且是一位对不断更新的海事英语及其教学方法的推广充满热情的应用语言学家。其他不太为人所知的奥皮茨的兴趣方面，例如他的多语言和文学档案，已经被作者在这项研究中发现，并带到我们的读者面前。
{"title":"Tribute to Kurt Opitz (1931-2021) - German Contributor to Maritime English","authors":"Adelija Čulić-Viskota, Hans Rummel","doi":"10.7225/toms.v11.n02.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7225/toms.v11.n02.019","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims at providing an insight into the work of late Professor Emeritus Kurt Opitz, German lexicographer, and applied linguist as an ESP practitioner with special regard to Maritime English. A list of Opitz’s contributions to both the above-mentioned linguistic branches has been compiled and attached to this paper. His work has been considered as contributing to identifying and providing insight into some crucial issues in lexicography, especially the production of a learner’s dictionary. Familiarity with these issues was enabled by Opitz’s performing the role of Maritime English lecturer. In addition, the activity in the field of maritime education and training encouraged him to envisage and organize the teacher training activities within a national association, but with a view of openness to the worldwide Maritime English teaching community, which resulted in the foundation of G.A.M.E. (Gesellschaft für Ausbildung in Maritimem Englisch = German Association for Maritime English / Association for Maritime English). The paper presents Kurt Opitz along the line of his distinctive personal and professional development, not only as a linguist with particular fascination for lexicography, but also as an applied linguist with a great enthusiasm for the promotion of constantly updated Maritime English and its teaching methodology. Other, not so widely known facets of Opitz’s interests, e.g. his polyglot and literary profiles, have been discovered by the authors during this research and are brought here before our readers.","PeriodicalId":42576,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Maritime Science-ToMS","volume":"73 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83326284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.7225/toms.v11.n02.004
Kerim Ziylan, S. Nas
In this study, towing tank experiments have been carried out for a container ship under different trim-draft conditions. Experimental results have been interpreted together with the results of the Holtrop method used in both Maxsurf and Orca to identify reactions to changing trim conditions. The study has shown that towing tank experiment findings differ from other relevant findings. The ship shows different resistance characteristics under different trim conditions, but generally the least resistance without trim. In addition, the total resistance change at ship design speed was found to be up to 18% higher in the trim by aft condition. We believe that study findings will help better understand the constantly changing resistance variable depending on draft, speed, and trim conditions.
{"title":"Study on the Relationship Between Ship Resistance and Trim, Supported by Experimental and Software-Based Analysis","authors":"Kerim Ziylan, S. Nas","doi":"10.7225/toms.v11.n02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7225/toms.v11.n02.004","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, towing tank experiments have been carried out for a container ship under different trim-draft conditions. Experimental results have been interpreted together with the results of the Holtrop method used in both Maxsurf and Orca to identify reactions to changing trim conditions. The study has shown that towing tank experiment findings differ from other relevant findings. The ship shows different resistance characteristics under different trim conditions, but generally the least resistance without trim. In addition, the total resistance change at ship design speed was found to be up to 18% higher in the trim by aft condition. We believe that study findings will help better understand the constantly changing resistance variable depending on draft, speed, and trim conditions.","PeriodicalId":42576,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Maritime Science-ToMS","volume":"270 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76538882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.7225/toms.v11.n02.020
M. Boviatsis
The global outbreak of Covid-19 has had a severe impact affecting all maritime sectors. It caused a significant worldwide health and economic crisis with a wide-ranging impact on maritime transport and trade. During this period, access to essential goods and medical items was ensured mainly by the ability of the marine supply chain to adapt by developing systems and processes quickly. Thus, regulations and instructions were imposed in response to the pandemic to monitor and counter the spread and the ancillary effects. This paper aims to assess and codify all those maritime regulations and instructions hastily created to protect the crew's health and safety and prevent the spread of Covid-19 aboard ships. Initially, all relevant rules and countermeasures to crew health and safety are explored and evaluated under the exploratory research coupled with the analysis of the relevant regulatory framework. Then, methods and processes are being created and proposed to offer a composed reaction plan to each case where the effects and consequences of the pandemic may occur. The relevant regulations are the primary source of data and similar studies conducted presently, whose outcomes are used to create and justify the recommended processes and the steps that should be followed based on the special conditions of individual cases. The paper concludes that implementing standard processes and procedures, such as those provided by the analysis, will enhance the speed and the effectiveness of handling the pandemic. It is also concluded that proactive measures coupled with fast and efficient responses are critical for developing effective procedures.
{"title":"Implementation of Aggregated Response Plan to Effectively Protect Crew Health and Safety and Prevent Spread of Covid-19 Pandemic Aboard Ships","authors":"M. Boviatsis","doi":"10.7225/toms.v11.n02.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7225/toms.v11.n02.020","url":null,"abstract":"The global outbreak of Covid-19 has had a severe impact affecting all maritime sectors. It caused a significant worldwide health and economic crisis with a wide-ranging impact on maritime transport and trade. During this period, access to essential goods and medical items was ensured mainly by the ability of the marine supply chain to adapt by developing systems and processes quickly. Thus, regulations and instructions were imposed in response to the pandemic to monitor and counter the spread and the ancillary effects. This paper aims to assess and codify all those maritime regulations and instructions hastily created to protect the crew's health and safety and prevent the spread of Covid-19 aboard ships. Initially, all relevant rules and countermeasures to crew health and safety are explored and evaluated under the exploratory research coupled with the analysis of the relevant regulatory framework. Then, methods and processes are being created and proposed to offer a composed reaction plan to each case where the effects and consequences of the pandemic may occur. The relevant regulations are the primary source of data and similar studies conducted presently, whose outcomes are used to create and justify the recommended processes and the steps that should be followed based on the special conditions of individual cases. The paper concludes that implementing standard processes and procedures, such as those provided by the analysis, will enhance the speed and the effectiveness of handling the pandemic. It is also concluded that proactive measures coupled with fast and efficient responses are critical for developing effective procedures.","PeriodicalId":42576,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Maritime Science-ToMS","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80274664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.7225/toms.v11.n02.w05
Tatjana Stanivuk, Danijel Bartulović, Dajana Bartulović
Safety performance management is at the core of safety management system (SMS) in any organization. Managing organization's safety performance in maritime transport is achieved through the identification of key performance indicators (KPIs), which are used to monitor and measure safety performance. Aim of this paper is to determine how behavior pattern of key performance indicators (KPIs) in the organization, can be simulated. Methods used for this research include methods of gathering, describing, and analyzing key performance indicators data of sample organization, as well as statistics, causal modeling, and simulation. Results show behavior pattern of key performance indicators (KPIs) in the organization due to causal impact of certain key performance indicator. In conclusion, the simulation showed how causal modeling techniques can be useful to simulate behavior pattern of key performance indicators (KPIs) in the organization in order to improve organization’s safety performance.
{"title":"Simulating Behavior Pattern of Key Performance Indicators to Improve Organization’s Safety Performance in Maritime Transport","authors":"Tatjana Stanivuk, Danijel Bartulović, Dajana Bartulović","doi":"10.7225/toms.v11.n02.w05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7225/toms.v11.n02.w05","url":null,"abstract":"Safety performance management is at the core of safety management system (SMS) in any organization. Managing organization's safety performance in maritime transport is achieved through the identification of key performance indicators (KPIs), which are used to monitor and measure safety performance. Aim of this paper is to determine how behavior pattern of key performance indicators (KPIs) in the organization, can be simulated. Methods used for this research include methods of gathering, describing, and analyzing key performance indicators data of sample organization, as well as statistics, causal modeling, and simulation. Results show behavior pattern of key performance indicators (KPIs) in the organization due to causal impact of certain key performance indicator. In conclusion, the simulation showed how causal modeling techniques can be useful to simulate behavior pattern of key performance indicators (KPIs) in the organization in order to improve organization’s safety performance.","PeriodicalId":42576,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Maritime Science-ToMS","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72484139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-15DOI: 10.7225/toms.v11.n02.w04
M. Filipović, I. Peronja, Ivan Karin
It can be said that there is a day in the entire world when a company is not established or ceases its activity. Among these companies, credit institutions also have their place. The requirements that must be met when establishing banks and other credit institutions are as a rule, more rigorous than when establishing other business entities. Therefore, credit institutions are established less frequently. It can also be noted that they disappear from economic life less frequently. The emergence, and especially the disappearance of a credit institution does not go unnoticed. The same is true for other companies, unless they belong to a group of large and globally known companies. The aim of this paper is to analyse the trends in the establishment and failure of credit institutions in the Republic of Croatia in the period from 1991 to 2020. The research was conducted by studying domestic and foreign scientific and other relevant literature.
{"title":"Credit Institutions in the Republic of Croatia in the Period From 1991 to 2020.","authors":"M. Filipović, I. Peronja, Ivan Karin","doi":"10.7225/toms.v11.n02.w04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7225/toms.v11.n02.w04","url":null,"abstract":"It can be said that there is a day in the entire world when a company is not established or ceases its activity. Among these companies, credit institutions also have their place. The requirements that must be met when establishing banks and other credit institutions are as a rule, more rigorous than when establishing other business entities. Therefore, credit institutions are established less frequently. It can also be noted that they disappear from economic life less frequently. The emergence, and especially the disappearance of a credit institution does not go unnoticed. The same is true for other companies, unless they belong to a group of large and globally known companies. The aim of this paper is to analyse the trends in the establishment and failure of credit institutions in the Republic of Croatia in the period from 1991 to 2020. The research was conducted by studying domestic and foreign scientific and other relevant literature.","PeriodicalId":42576,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Maritime Science-ToMS","volume":"349 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77793958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-25DOI: 10.7225/toms.v11.n02.w02
J. Jeevan, R. Maskey, Shu-Ling Chen, Rajan Sharma, Izyan Munirah Mohd Zaideen
Malaysia is a coastal country surrounded by sea, while Nepal is a landlocked country with no direct access to the ocean. This paper investigates the challenges faced by dry ports in Malaysia and Nepal and looks into issues concerning the connection of seaports and dry ports both intra-regionally, i.e. within Malaysia, and inter-regionally, i.e. outside of Nepal. The structure of dry port operating systems in these two areas is visibly different. Hence, the relationships between the major nodes in these different geographical regions need to be examined. Face-to-face and telephone interviews with dry port operators, legislative personnel, and public policy stakeholders from both countries were conducted to establish the impediments to dry port operations. Interview session transcripts have been analyzed using grounded theory. This tool is suitable for this paper due to its capacity to identify categories and concepts within the text linked together to form theoretical models. Secondary data have been used to support the primary data collected, to enhance the range and reliability of the findings. The findings indicate challenges such as inadequate connectivity capacity, inefficient border transactions, seaport-dry port integration issues, inefficient economic corridors, insufficient legislative framework for policy and regulation development, and environmental issues faced by the two countries. These challenges have a negative impact on the possibility of dry ports in Malaysia to take full advantage of their potential. Meanwhile, in Nepal, such challenges limit dry port operations since dry ports are the main gateway for the nation’s international trade. This paper recommends strategies for overcoming these challenges and improving the quality of dry port operations, focusing on the provision of sophisticated and modern logistics services to stakeholders in the different geographic landscapes.
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