ARTHROSKOPIE最新文献

This article provides a guide to creating a scientific presentation. It outlines the tasks a presenter has to perform before creating a presentation, gives tips for preparing a successful presentation, and provides techniques the presenter can use when giving the presentation. When preparing a presentation, the speaker must consider the aim of the presentation and the audience. Therefore, this article provides tips regarding layout, speaking time, language, citation style, structure, and how to increase the audience’s attention. Through a clear structure, visual support, and interaction with the audience, the presenter can convince the audience and successfully convey his scientific message. Finally, a checklist is provided to help researchers with finalizing their presentations.

Processing of research data is a crucial point in every scientific study. The basis of each statistical test is a clear research question and hypothesis. Then the scientist must consider which type of data are to be collected (nominal, ordinal, continuous). It is recommended that study-specific spreadsheets are developed before data collection, which consider the type of data being collected, how the data are to be analyzed, and which software will be used. Then, once the data have been gathered, tests for normality should be applied before proceeding with the specific statistical tests. This article provides a brief overview of common statistical tests based on fictional examples.

In orthopedics the importance of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) has increased enormously, not only clinically and academically but also with respect to health policy. Many such measurement instruments are available for several areas and joints, so that a uniform application of suitable PROMs is recommended for comparisons under scientific and clinical aspects. A PROM must fulfil certain scientific criteria (e.g., reliability, validity, and responsiveness), should be validated for the pathology of interest, and a validated translated version should be available for the respective language. Furthermore, data should be available to interpret results not only with respect to the statistical significance but also regarding their clinical relevance, e.g., the minimal clinically important difference (MCID).

The research idea, research question, hypothesis, and research objective collectively form the bedrock of every scientific study and thus demand careful and precise development. Guidelines such as the FINER (feasible, interesting, novel, ethical, relevant) and PICOT (population, intervention, comparison group, outcome of interest, and time) criteria provide a structured approach to establishing the study’s foundation. Ultimately, clinical relevance and a well-defined study concept are pivotal for a successful publication process and the scientific contribution that a study can make to the current literature.

This article provides an overview of planning the steps required to conduct a scientific study. In order to conduct a study safely, reliably, and ethically, planning is an essential aspect of the research process. It is the foundation of scientific research and helps scientists determine the scope of the study, identify research questions or hypotheses, select appropriate methods, and obtain an overview of necessary resources and requirements before the study begins, to avoid errors later on.

The purpose of writing an ethics application as part of a scientific study is to ensure that the study adheres to ethical standards and guidelines. This work must be done with care and accuracy, and can be a tedious and time-consuming task that may involve multiple amendments and revisions. This is where guidance such as the SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound) criteria can be used. This article is intended to support you in approaching the submission process with preparation of the application in a structured and standardized manner.

Abstracts are the most important part of a manuscript as they are the most widely read. In general, unstructured abstracts must be differentiated from structured abstracts. While the latter follow a clear and obvious structure (e.g., background, aim, methods, results, conclusion), unstructured abstracts are basically written the same way but without this obvious structure. Abstracts are generally written in past tense and the third person, and must follow the instructions provided by each journal or conference. Importantly, the key message of the abstract should align to the main manuscript and should not contain any other or irrelevant information. In this manuscript, for each section of an abstract, tips and tricks are provided for preparing an abstract.

This article gives a brief overview on how to prepare a scientific publication. Considerations relevant before preparing the manuscript are presented (i.e., preparation of a bulleted outline), and tips are provided for choosing an appropriate and catchy title. When preparing a manuscript, the introduction section is often too long. Here, authors should directly present the scientific/clinical problem, current knowledge on the topic, and the research question, followed by a clear hypothesis. The methods section should be prepared as a detailed recipe in order to make the study reproducible for others. The results section should focus on the primary and secondary endpoints of the study, with key results highlighted in figures and tables. In the discussion section, these endpoints should be discussed on the basis of current literature after a short summary of the main findings. Importantly, results should be discussed on the basis of scientific and clinical relevance rather than in terms of statistical significance.

The key to success in securing financial support for research projects lies in the preparation of a well-crafted research grant proposal, showcasing the competence, dedication, and organizational skills of the research group as well as the scientific merit of the proposed study. This paper delineates the essential elements of a successful funding proposal, providing a structured guide to enhance the prospects of obtaining the necessary financial support. In general, the research project should align with the objectives and priorities of the funding agency. Attention to formalities, such as proper formatting and adherence to application guidelines, is mandatory. The core component of a research grant proposal is the formulation of a clear and well-founded research question and hypothesis. The methodology section should address the measurement methods and experimental setup. Additionally, developing a realistic research schedule and milestones is of great importance, along with anticipating potential barriers and challenges. Finally, the proposal’s financial aspect is addressed through a detailed cost breakdown that aligns with the sample size calculation and methodology.