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‘Senses’: assessing a key term in David Chidester’s analysis of religion “感官”:评估大卫·奇德尔斯特宗教分析中的一个关键术语
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2413-3027/2018/V31N2A7
J. Strijdom
The purpose of this article is to illustrate and assess Chidester’s use of the ‘senses’ as an analytical term in his study of religion. Under ‘senses’ Chidester includes not only the five conventional senses of Aristotle, but also analyzes metaphorical uses of the senses in religious discourse, the visions and dreams of mystics and shamans, and eventually new media as extensions of the human senses. Chidester’s analysis of the senses in European Christian discourses on the one hand, and in colonial and postcolonial African indigenous religion and imperial religious studies on the other hand, is compared and assessed. Although he does not offer a systematic comparison of these case studies, I argue that his analysis lends itself to an explicit comparison of the senses as material aspects of religion and show how his contextualized and historically nuanced analysis of the senses in religion and religious studies informs a critical study of religion. Since critical assumes judgment, values need to be explicated in terms of critical theories, which in my view need further elaboration.Keywords: senses, visions, dreams, media, analytical terms in religious studies, critical theory, interior senses in medieval European theories and practices, African indigenous religions
这篇文章的目的是为了说明和评估奇德斯特在他的宗教研究中将“感官”作为一个分析术语的使用。在“感官”下,奇德斯特不仅包括亚里士多德的五种传统感官,还分析了感官在宗教话语中的隐喻用法,神秘主义者和萨满的愿景和梦想,以及最终作为人类感官延伸的新媒体。奇德斯特对欧洲基督教话语中的感官分析,以及对殖民和后殖民时期非洲土著宗教和帝国宗教研究中的感官分析,进行了比较和评估。虽然他没有对这些案例研究进行系统的比较,但我认为他的分析有助于将感官作为宗教的物质方面进行明确的比较,并表明他对宗教和宗教研究中感官的背景化和历史上的细致分析如何为宗教的批判性研究提供信息。批判以判断为前提,价值需要用批判理论来阐述,我认为这需要进一步的阐述。关键词:感官,视觉,梦,媒介,宗教研究中的分析术语,批判理论,中世纪欧洲理论与实践中的内在感官,非洲本土宗教
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引用次数: 1
Theology before and after Bishop Robinson's Honest to God (1963) 鲁滨逊主教《对上帝诚实》(1963)前后的神学
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2413-3027/2018/V31N1A12
L. Geering
Bishop John Robinson’s Honest to God (1963) may be judged as a bombshell that blew the roof off the church, not because it introduced original thinking, but because it brought to unsuspecting people in the pews some knowledge of the developments that had been taking place for quite some time in academic theology. It initiated the turbulent sixties from which time onwards the slow decline in church allegiance began to accelerate in the Western world. The thought of Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Rudolf Bultmann and Paul Tillich, which Robinson summarized in his book, were themselves simply the twentieth century version of the radical changes in theology made necessary by the advent of the post-Enlightenment world, and which had been set in motion in rather different ways at the beginning of the nineteenth century by the philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, and the theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher. Since the Enlightenment brought to humans the freedom to think for themselves – Bonhoeffer labelled this phenomenon ‘Humanity’s coming of age’ – so the theological enterprise gradually changed from being the exposition of divinely revealed dogmas to the human exploration of religious experience. In retrospect, Robinson’s book is to be judged a significant marker in a process of ever-changing theological thought. Keywords: J.A.T. Robinson, Post-Enlightenment World, humanity’s coming of age, theological thought
约翰·罗宾逊主教的《对上帝诚实》(1963)可以被认为是一枚引爆教堂屋顶的炸弹,不是因为它引入了原创思想,而是因为它让坐在长椅上的不知情的人了解了学术神学已经发生了很长一段时间的发展。它开启了动荡的六十年代,从那时起,西方世界对教会忠诚的缓慢下降开始加速。罗宾逊在他的书中总结了迪特里希·邦霍费尔、鲁道夫·布尔特曼和保罗·蒂利希的思想,这些思想本身就是20世纪的神学激进变革的版本,这种变革是后启蒙时代世界的到来所必需的,并且在19世纪初由哲学家乔治·威廉·弗里德里希·黑格尔和神学家弗里德里希·施莱尔马赫以相当不同的方式启动。由于启蒙运动给人类带来了独立思考的自由——邦霍费尔将这种现象称为“人类的成熟”——因此神学事业逐渐从阐述神启示的教条转变为人类对宗教经验的探索。回顾起来,鲁滨逊的著作是神学思想不断变化过程中的一个重要标志。关键词:J.A.T.罗宾逊,后启蒙世界,人类的成长,神学思想
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引用次数: 1
God and universities 上帝与大学
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2413-3027/2018/V31N1A15
J. Cobb
In this article, ‘God and Universities’, I argue that the exclusion of God from contemporary academia did not come about because of evidence or argument. Rather, it is due to the fact that the scientific adherence to the treatment of the objective world as self-contained, was increasingly applied to everything. Also the limiting of acceptable thinking to topics falling within one academic discipline or another had no place for continuing a discussion of the topic. The self-assurance of academia is beginning to weaken. The exclusion of God as a causal factor, is part of the exclusion of purpose including human purpose. This leads to implausible explanations that are assumed to be needed but rarely explicitly defended. If the evidence for the importance of subjective experience is allowed, the door will be opened to changes that eventually could reinstate God.Keywords: God, university, objective world, purpose, subjective experience
在《上帝与大学》这篇文章中,我认为,把上帝排除在当代学术界之外,不是因为有证据或争论。相反,这是由于科学地坚持把客观世界看作是独立的,这一事实越来越多地应用于一切。此外,将可接受的思维限制在属于一个学科或另一个学科的话题上,就没有继续讨论这个话题的余地。学术界的自信开始减弱。排除上帝作为一个因果因素,是排除目的包括人类目的的一部分。这就导致了难以置信的解释,这些解释被认为是必要的,但很少有明确的辩护。如果主观经验的重要性的证据被允许,大门将为最终可能恢复上帝的改变打开。关键词:上帝,大学,客观世界,目的,主观体验
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引用次数: 0
Tomorrow's ethics in a globalizing world 全球化世界中的明日伦理
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2413-3027/2018/V31N1A17
M. Prozesky
The exploration of the ways ethical practice will change in the future is done in this article by means of five great transitions. They are as follows: firstly, from the ethics of obedience to an ethic of creative commitment; secondly, from a primary concern with micro-ethics to an equal and even greater concern with macro-ethics; thirdly, from a cluster of regional value systems to a cooperatively created global ethic; in the fourth place, from a conceptual base in western philosophy and theology to an academic base in the social and natural sciences; and in the fifth place, from dependence on religion in important parts of the world, including ours, to what I want to call a relationship with religion characterized by cooperative, critical and creative independence for ethics.Keywords: ethic of creative commitment, macro-ethics, a cooperatively created global ethic, academic base in the social and natural sciences, a relationship with religion
本文通过五大转变来探讨伦理实践在未来的变化方式。它们是:第一,从服从伦理到创造性承诺伦理;第二,从对微观伦理的主要关注到对宏观伦理的同等甚至更大的关注;第三,从区域价值体系的集群到合作创造的全球伦理;第四,从西方哲学和神学的概念基础转向社会科学和自然科学的学术基础;第五,从世界上一些重要地区对宗教的依赖,包括我们的,转变为我所说的一种与宗教的关系,这种关系以合作、批判和创造性的道德独立为特征。关键词:创造性承诺伦理,宏观伦理,合作创造的全球伦理,社会科学和自然科学的学术基础,与宗教的关系
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引用次数: 7
Learning from Black Theology 向黑人神学学习
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2413-3027/2018/V31N1A5
B. Moore
Black Theology had a profound effect on the religious, especially Christian scene in South Africa in the late 1960, 1970s and 1980s. The traditional stance was that clergy should not get involved in politics. What Black Theology in fact enabled clergy to understand, was that the Gospel was not primarily about the forgiveness of sins but about setting the oppressed free. Thus, politics was at the heart of the work of the clergy in South Africa. Black Theology also had a radical understanding of God. While the need for Black Theology may be less critical in post-Apartheid South Africa, there are major lessons to be learned from how it constructed the Gospel message in the then current context of the oppression and exploitation of the oppressed South African blacks. (This article is an edited version of my honorary doctorate presentation at Rhodes University in 2012.)Keywords: Black Theology, politics, oppressed, freedom, radical under-standing of God, post-apartheid South Africa, Gospel message
黑人神学对宗教产生了深远的影响,尤其是在1960年代末、1970年代和1980年代的南非基督教界。传统的立场是神职人员不应该参与政治。黑人神学实际上让神职人员明白,福音主要不是关于赦罪,而是关于释放被压迫者。因此,政治是南非神职人员工作的核心。黑人神学对上帝也有激进的理解。虽然在种族隔离后的南非,对黑人神学的需求可能不那么重要,但在当时压迫和剥削被压迫的南非黑人的背景下,黑人神学如何构建福音信息,仍有重要的教训可供借鉴。(本文是我2012年在罗德大学(Rhodes University)发表荣誉博士学位论文的编辑版。)关键词:黑人神学,政治,被压迫,自由,对上帝的激进理解,后种族隔离的南非,福音信息
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引用次数: 1
Convergence and divergence: a Christian response to Prozesky’s ‘global ethic’ and secular spirituality 趋同与分歧:基督教对普罗泽斯基“全球伦理”和世俗灵性的回应
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2413-3027/2018/V31N1A7
L. Kretzschmar
The aim of this article is to identify areas of convergence and divergence in the value systems of secular ethics and Christian ethics and to address what is meant by the moral development of individual persons and communities. The article discusses the views of Martin Prozesky on religion, the creation of a global ethic and secular spirituality from the perspective of Christian ethics. The discussion draws on the ‘Barthian-Thomism’ of Nigel Biggar and the four key moral questions posed by Dallas Willard in order to identify elements of convergence and divergence related to worldviews, values, virtues and the moral development of persons and groups.Keywords: value systems, secular ethics, Christian ethics, moral development, global ethics, secular spirituality, worldviews, values, virtues
本文的目的是确定世俗伦理和基督教伦理的价值体系中趋同和分歧的领域,并解决个人和社区的道德发展意味着什么。本文从基督教伦理的角度论述了普罗泽斯基的宗教观、全球伦理的创造观和世俗灵性观。讨论借鉴了Nigel Biggar的“Barthian-Thomism”和Dallas Willard提出的四个关键道德问题,以确定与世界观、价值观、美德和个人和群体的道德发展相关的趋同和分歧的因素。关键词:价值体系,世俗伦理,基督教伦理,道德发展,全球伦理,世俗灵性,世界观,价值观,美德
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引用次数: 3
Teilhard de Chardin’s vision of science, religion and planetary humanity: a challenge to the contemporary world 泰哈德·德·夏尔丹对科学、宗教和地球人类的看法:对当代世界的挑战
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2413-3027/2018/V31N1A8
U. King
Teilhard de Chardin (1881-1955) was a great thinker, scientist, and mystic – he was above all an extraordinary human being whose inspiring vision still remains far too little known. He visited South Africa twice, in 1951 and 1953, to undertake palaeontological research and collaborate with South African colleagues. Throughout his life, but especially towards its end, he was much interested in the future of planetary humanity and he always stressed the importance of seeing , of having a vision that pulls us forward and upward. For him, life is vision. I examine how this vision – embracing science, religion and the future of humankind – presents a challenge to the contemporary world and an inspiration to create a better future for all. I first look at our world in crisis, dominated by science, but politically fragmented, suffering from much injustice, poverty and violence. Where are we going? Teilhard’s evolutionary, convergent and universalist thinking can be a guiding light for the contemporary world to move forward. At the present state of crisis, planetary humanity is faced, more than ever before, with the responsibility for its further self-evolution. Has the human species the evolutionary capacity for developing its life to a higher stage, for truly transformative action to create greater collaboration and unification, more universal peace and justice? This is a decisively critical question, for to evolve further is no longer just an option, but an imperative. What are the spiritual energy resources needed for the further development of the human community, especially the necessary zest for life, the all-transforming power of love and compassion available in order to develop an environmentally and ecologically sound way of life to ensure the wellbeing of all people and the planet? In order to be able to evolve further, we need a new spiritual awakening, and a deeply mystical, action-oriented spirituality in the contemporary world. I hope to show that Teilhard’s integral vision, rooted both in modern science and a fervent faith, can be an empower-ing vision for us all. Keywords: science, religion, planetary humanity, vision, the future of humankind, self-evolution, evolutionary capacity, universal peace and justice, spiritual energy, zest for life
泰哈德·德·夏尔丹(1881-1955)是一位伟大的思想家、科学家和神秘主义者——他是一位非凡的人,其鼓舞人心的远见至今仍鲜为人知。他于1951年和1953年两次访问南非,进行古生物学研究,并与南非同事合作。在他的一生中,特别是在他生命的最后,他对地球人类的未来非常感兴趣,他总是强调看到的重要性,有一个愿景,推动我们前进和向上。对他来说,生活就是愿景。我研究了这一愿景——包括科学、宗教和人类的未来——如何对当代世界提出挑战,并激励我们为所有人创造更美好的未来。我首先看到的是我们这个处于危机中的世界,它被科学所主导,但在政治上却四分五裂,饱受不公、贫穷和暴力之苦。我们要去哪里?泰哈德的进化、趋同和普遍主义思想可以成为当代世界前进的指路明灯。在目前的危机状态下,整个地球的人类比以往任何时候都更加面临着进一步自我进化的责任。人类是否有进化能力将自己的生命发展到一个更高的阶段,以真正的变革行动来创造更大的合作与统一,更普遍的和平与正义?这是一个决定性的关键问题,因为进一步发展不再仅仅是一种选择,而是势在必行。人类社会进一步发展所需要的精神能量资源是什么,特别是必要的对生活的热情,改变一切的爱和同情的力量,以便发展一种对环境和生态无害的生活方式,以确保全人类和地球的福祉?为了能够进一步发展,我们需要一种新的精神觉醒,以及当代世界中一种深刻神秘的、以行动为导向的精神。我希望表明,泰哈德的整体愿景,植根于现代科学和狂热的信仰,可以成为我们所有人的赋权愿景。关键词:科学、宗教、行星人类、愿景、人类未来、自我进化、进化能力、普遍和平与正义、精神能量、对生活的热情
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引用次数: 1
David Chidester Publications (1982-2018) David Chidester出版社(1982-2018)
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2413-3027/2018/V31N2A14
D. Chidester
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引用次数: 0
World religions in the world 世界上的宗教
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2413-3027/2018/V31N1A2
D. Chidester
The classification of ‘world religions’ is highly problematic because of its arbitrary construction, its exclusion of indigenous religions, and its easy availability for ideological manipulation. The imperial edifice of ‘world religions’ has been dismantled in recent scholarship in the study of religion. Yet, the notion of ‘world religions’ has been enthusiastically embraced by advocates of inclusive citizenship in democratic societies and by advocates of indigenous empowerment in postcolonial societies. This brief essay reviews the terms of engagement for critically reflecting on the various deployments of ‘world religions’ as a prelude to thinking about religion in the world.Keywords: world religions, indigenous religions, ideology, inclusive citizen-ship, democracy, indigenous empowerment, postcolonial societies, religion in the world
“世界宗教”的分类是非常有问题的,因为它的任意构建,它排除了本土宗教,它很容易被意识形态操纵。在最近的宗教研究中,“世界宗教”的帝国大厦已经被拆除。然而,“世界宗教”的概念已经被民主社会中包容性公民的倡导者和后殖民社会中土著赋权的倡导者热情地接受。这篇简短的文章回顾了批判性地反思“世界宗教”的各种部署的参与条款,作为思考世界宗教的前奏。关键词:世界宗教、本土宗教、意识形态、包容性公民身份、民主、本土赋权、后殖民社会、世界宗教
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引用次数: 4
Can't Help Lovin': David Chidester's Pop Culture Colonialism 情不自禁的爱:大卫·奇德尔的流行文化殖民主义
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.17159/2413-3027/2018/V31N2A4
Kathryn Lofton
This article examines the likability of hip-hop star Kanye West and The Voice champion Jordan Smith to explain the colonial terms for our pop culture taste. The writings of David Chidester establish the tie between religion and colonialism as an axiomatic one; he also argues that popular culture is a rich site for formations of religion. West and Smith offer an opportunity to argue the connection between these two strands of scholarly observance, showing the fractal effects of colonialism in Africa on the preferences of pop culture consumption in America. The attraction to West’s unlikability is the other side of the easy adoration for Jordan Smith: like those colonists who gave religion to those colonized subjects they dominated, pop consumers refuse to admit their intimate and needful connection to those idols who resist their control. Although organized by particular instances, this article seeks to encourage those in pop culture studies to see the erotic work of dislike; it seeks to encourage those in religious studies to see how pop subjects carry forward the classificatory imprints of colonial frontiers.Keywords: colonialism, hate crime, hate watching, Jordan Smith, Kanye West, popular culture, religion, whiteness
本文考察了嘻哈明星坎耶·韦斯特和美国好声音冠军乔丹·史密斯的受欢迎程度,以解释我们流行文化品味的殖民术语。大卫·奇德斯特(David Chidester)的著作将宗教与殖民主义之间的联系确立为一种不言自明的联系;他还认为,流行文化是形成宗教的丰富场所。韦斯特和史密斯提供了一个机会来论证这两股学术观察之间的联系,展示了非洲殖民主义对美国流行文化消费偏好的分形影响。韦斯特不讨人喜欢的魅力是对乔丹·史密斯轻松崇拜的另一面:就像那些把宗教赋予他们所统治的殖民地的殖民者一样,流行音乐的消费者拒绝承认他们与那些反抗他们控制的偶像之间的亲密和必要的联系。虽然这篇文章是由特定的实例组织的,但它试图鼓励那些从事流行文化研究的人看到不喜欢的色情作品;它旨在鼓励那些从事宗教研究的人看到流行主题是如何延续殖民地边界的分类印记的。关键词:殖民主义,仇恨犯罪,仇恨观看,乔丹·史密斯,坎耶·韦斯特,流行文化,宗教,白人
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal for the Study of Religion
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