Pub Date : 2016-03-01DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1268
N. Purwantari
Forage plant has multipurposes as feed, cover crop, erosion control, remediation on heavy metal contaminated soil, medicine, as well as textile and food coloring. Seed is a part of plant used for plant multiplication. National seed system covers germplasm management, breeding, seed production and its distribution. Therefore, forage seed production is an important aspect to be concerned. Forage seed production system has to produce high quality seed with optimum yield. There has not been any forage seed producer which ensures the quality of seed produced in accordance to seed certification requirement as those in food crop, horticulture or estate crop. Seed quality aspect covers genetic, physiology and physical quality. Seed stock certification is to guarantee that the distributed seeds have genetic identity, pure and high quality.
{"title":"Revitalization of Forage Seed Production in Indonesia","authors":"N. Purwantari","doi":"10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1268","url":null,"abstract":"Forage plant has multipurposes as feed, cover crop, erosion control, remediation on heavy metal contaminated soil, medicine, as well as textile and food coloring. Seed is a part of plant used for plant multiplication. National seed system covers germplasm management, breeding, seed production and its distribution. Therefore, forage seed production is an important aspect to be concerned. Forage seed production system has to produce high quality seed with optimum yield. There has not been any forage seed producer which ensures the quality of seed produced in accordance to seed certification requirement as those in food crop, horticulture or estate crop. Seed quality aspect covers genetic, physiology and physical quality. Seed stock certification is to guarantee that the distributed seeds have genetic identity, pure and high quality.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67041074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-01DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1272
S. Tarigan
Rapid diagnosis followed by stamping out protocol has proven to be the most effective means of eradication of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1. The standard of AI tests are PCR and virus isolation, however their results often take times to initiate rapid eradication protocol. For that reason, a point-of-care (POC) test which is a rapid test used at the location of outbreak (where mortality and morbidity of poultry occur), to help field officer for identification of AI. This paper describes several techniques for detection of HPAI H5N1 virus, POC test and principal mechanism of lateral flow immunoassay which has been generally used in POC test. At present, POC test for HPAI H5N1 rather low sensitivity and expensive, therefore, further research is needed to improve its sensitivity of the tool.
{"title":"The Role of Point-of-Care Test to Control Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Indonesia","authors":"S. Tarigan","doi":"10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1272","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid diagnosis followed by stamping out protocol has proven to be the most effective means of eradication of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1. The standard of AI tests are PCR and virus isolation, however their results often take times to initiate rapid eradication protocol. For that reason, a point-of-care (POC) test which is a rapid test used at the location of outbreak (where mortality and morbidity of poultry occur), to help field officer for identification of AI. This paper describes several techniques for detection of HPAI H5N1 virus, POC test and principal mechanism of lateral flow immunoassay which has been generally used in POC test. At present, POC test for HPAI H5N1 rather low sensitivity and expensive, therefore, further research is needed to improve its sensitivity of the tool.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":"27 1","pages":"39-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67041437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-01DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1270
I. Sendow, N. Dharmayanti, M. Saepullah, R. Adjid
Recently, the evidence of Hantavirus infection in human and animals is increasing, and new Hantavirus strain has been identified. The disease causes clinical renal and lung disorders and fatal to human. The presence of new Hantavirus strain, lack of available quick and accurate diagnostic tool, asymptomatic clinical signs and paucity of disease information, will inhibit disease control especially in the developing countries. The paper describes Hantavirus disease and its epidemiology in developed and developing countries, including Indonesia and its recommendation for disease prevention and control.
{"title":"Hantavirus Infection: Anticipation of Zoonotic Disease in Indonesia","authors":"I. Sendow, N. Dharmayanti, M. Saepullah, R. Adjid","doi":"10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1270","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the evidence of Hantavirus infection in human and animals is increasing, and new Hantavirus strain has been identified. The disease causes clinical renal and lung disorders and fatal to human. The presence of new Hantavirus strain, lack of available quick and accurate diagnostic tool, asymptomatic clinical signs and paucity of disease information, will inhibit disease control especially in the developing countries. The paper describes Hantavirus disease and its epidemiology in developed and developing countries, including Indonesia and its recommendation for disease prevention and control.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":"26 1","pages":"17-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67041306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-01DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1269
M. Rofiq
Public awareness of health risk and environmental problem caused by unappropriate use of antibiotics and hormones resulted in prohibition of antibiotics in feed since 2003 in European Union. The regulation stated that ruminant feed additives should not have an adverse effect on animal health, human health and environment. Plant essential oils are recommended for animal feed additive because of their antimicrobial effects. The major bioactive compounds of essential oils as rumen manipulator have not been yet evaluated on in vitro and in vivo studies. Some plants essential oils showed their function to increase dry matter digestibility, rumen VFA products, N-NH3 and reduce rumen methane production in the in vitro study. The studies still have not enough yet to prove the use of essential oils as ruminant feed additive to increase nutrient digestibility and mitigate rumen methane production. Combination of some plant essential oils or some of their main active components may be more advantageous because of their sinergistic effects.
{"title":"The Use of Plant Essential Oils as Feed Additives for Ruminants","authors":"M. Rofiq","doi":"10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1269","url":null,"abstract":"Public awareness of health risk and environmental problem caused by unappropriate use of antibiotics and hormones resulted in prohibition of antibiotics in feed since 2003 in European Union. The regulation stated that ruminant feed additives should not have an adverse effect on animal health, human health and environment. Plant essential oils are recommended for animal feed additive because of their antimicrobial effects. The major bioactive compounds of essential oils as rumen manipulator have not been yet evaluated on in vitro and in vivo studies. Some plants essential oils showed their function to increase dry matter digestibility, rumen VFA products, N-NH3 and reduce rumen methane production in the in vitro study. The studies still have not enough yet to prove the use of essential oils as ruminant feed additive to increase nutrient digestibility and mitigate rumen methane production. Combination of some plant essential oils or some of their main active components may be more advantageous because of their sinergistic effects.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":"26 1","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67041200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-01DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1271
D. Hewajuli, N. Dharmayanti
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) virus causes severe dysfunction in nervous system lead to mortality in birds and mammals. The innate immunity plays an important role as initial barrier against the infection that stimulated by recognition of pathogens through Toll like Receptor (TLR). TLR activates Nuclear Factor-kappa B cascade pathway. Cytokines are mediators to initiate, proliferate and regulate inflammation against the virus infection. They are classified according to their activities or target cells, such as interferons, interleukins, chemokines, colony stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factors. The gene expression of cytokine was found in different organs of chicken and mammals infected with HPAI and Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza (LPAI) virus to express immune response against infection. The HPAI and LPAI viruses cause up-regulated and down-regulated cytokines, disruption of cell mediated immune response lead to increased AI virus pathogenicity. The objective of this review is to describe disregulation mechanism of cytokines that increase AI virus pathogenicity in birds and mammals.
高致病性禽流感(HPAI)病毒在鸟类和哺乳动物中引起严重的神经系统功能障碍，导致死亡。先天免疫通过Toll样受体(Toll like Receptor, TLR)对病原体进行识别，作为机体抵抗感染的初始屏障，发挥着重要作用。TLR激活核因子- κ B级联通路。细胞因子是启动、增殖和调节对抗病毒感染的炎症的介质。根据其活性或靶细胞进行分类，如干扰素、白细胞介素、趋化因子、集落刺激因子、肿瘤坏死因子等。在感染高致病性禽流感(HPAI)和低致病性禽流感(LPAI)病毒的鸡和哺乳动物的不同器官中发现了细胞因子的基因表达，表达对感染的免疫应答。高致病性禽流感病毒和低致病性禽流感病毒引起细胞因子上调和下调，破坏细胞介导的免疫反应导致病毒致病性增加。这篇综述的目的是描述细胞因子的失调机制，增加禽流感病毒在鸟类和哺乳动物的致病性。
{"title":"Cytokines Disregulation in Birds and Mammals Infected by Avian Influenza Virus","authors":"D. Hewajuli, N. Dharmayanti","doi":"10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v26i1.1271","url":null,"abstract":"Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) virus causes severe dysfunction in nervous system lead to mortality in birds and mammals. The innate immunity plays an important role as initial barrier against the infection that stimulated by recognition of pathogens through Toll like Receptor (TLR). TLR activates Nuclear Factor-kappa B cascade pathway. Cytokines are mediators to initiate, proliferate and regulate inflammation against the virus infection. They are classified according to their activities or target cells, such as interferons, interleukins, chemokines, colony stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factors. The gene expression of cytokine was found in different organs of chicken and mammals infected with HPAI and Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza (LPAI) virus to express immune response against infection. The HPAI and LPAI viruses cause up-regulated and down-regulated cytokines, disruption of cell mediated immune response lead to increased AI virus pathogenicity. The objective of this review is to describe disregulation mechanism of cytokines that increase AI virus pathogenicity in birds and mammals.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":"26 1","pages":"27-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67041457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-01DOI: 10.14334/WARTAZOA.V25I2.1143
I. S. Nurhayati, E. Martindah
Prevention of mastitis is essential, as one of the efforts to control disease in dairy cow. Dry period has implications to understand the mastitis and its control strategies. The udder is very susceptible to be infected both at the beginning and towards the end of dry period. This is linked to physiological changes in udder. Treatment with antibiotics during the dry period can reduce new infection about 82% and has several advantages. The success rate of subclinical mastitis treatment is much higher (80-90%) compared to the treatment during lactation (30-40%); the doses of antibiotic can be higher and safer, due to its retention time in udder becomes longer; the risk of antibiotic contamination in milk can be avoided because the udder is not milked. Antibiotic application during dry period is the best way to treat subclinical and chronic mastitis. Treatment during dry period is a specific mastitis control for intramammary infection to avoid economic losses. Key words: Antibiotic, dry period, subclinical mastitis
{"title":"Controlling Subclinical Mastitis by Antibiotic Application during Dry Period of Dairy Cow","authors":"I. S. Nurhayati, E. Martindah","doi":"10.14334/WARTAZOA.V25I2.1143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/WARTAZOA.V25I2.1143","url":null,"abstract":"Prevention of mastitis is essential, as one of the efforts to control disease in dairy cow. Dry period has implications to understand the mastitis and its control strategies. The udder is very susceptible to be infected both at the beginning and towards the end of dry period. This is linked to physiological changes in udder. Treatment with antibiotics during the dry period can reduce new infection about 82% and has several advantages. The success rate of subclinical mastitis treatment is much higher (80-90%) compared to the treatment during lactation (30-40%); the doses of antibiotic can be higher and safer, due to its retention time in udder becomes longer; the risk of antibiotic contamination in milk can be avoided because the udder is not milked. Antibiotic application during dry period is the best way to treat subclinical and chronic mastitis. Treatment during dry period is a specific mastitis control for intramammary infection to avoid economic losses. Key words: Antibiotic, dry period, subclinical mastitis","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":"25 1","pages":"65-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67041043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-01DOI: 10.14334/WARTAZOA.V25I1.1126
N. Dharmayanti, I. Sendow
Filovirus including Ebola and Marburg hemorrhagic fever is a zoonotic disease that characterised by immune suppression and systemic inflammatory response causing impairment of the vascular and immune systems. It is leading to multiorgan failures with mortality varies from 50-90% in human and primate. The Ebola virus is currently divided into five species, namely Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV), Sudan ebolavirus (SEBOV), Tai Forest ebolavirus , Reston ebolavirus (REBOV) and Bundibugyo ebolavirus . Geographical distribution of Ebola virus in the Afrotropics region is mainly in the rainforests of Central and West Africa, while REBOV was detected in the Philippines. Bats are suspected as reservoir host of the virus. Recently, Ebola cases had been reported in endemic areas in Africa and then distributed to other countries which was not endemic through human travellers. Ebola virus is also potentially used as a biological weapon, so Ebola virus becomes public health concern. This paper describes the characters of Ebola virus, its clinical signs, transmission and threat as an exotic disease in Indonesia. By understanding the disease, the emergence of Ebola virus in Indonesia can be anticipated quickly. Key words: Ebola virus, exotic, pathogen
{"title":"Awareness of Ebola: An Exotic Zoonotic Disease","authors":"N. Dharmayanti, I. Sendow","doi":"10.14334/WARTAZOA.V25I1.1126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/WARTAZOA.V25I1.1126","url":null,"abstract":"Filovirus including Ebola and Marburg hemorrhagic fever is a zoonotic disease that characterised by immune suppression and systemic inflammatory response causing impairment of the vascular and immune systems. It is leading to multiorgan failures with mortality varies from 50-90% in human and primate. The Ebola virus is currently divided into five species, namely Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV), Sudan ebolavirus (SEBOV), Tai Forest ebolavirus , Reston ebolavirus (REBOV) and Bundibugyo ebolavirus . Geographical distribution of Ebola virus in the Afrotropics region is mainly in the rainforests of Central and West Africa, while REBOV was detected in the Philippines. Bats are suspected as reservoir host of the virus. Recently, Ebola cases had been reported in endemic areas in Africa and then distributed to other countries which was not endemic through human travellers. Ebola virus is also potentially used as a biological weapon, so Ebola virus becomes public health concern. This paper describes the characters of Ebola virus, its clinical signs, transmission and threat as an exotic disease in Indonesia. By understanding the disease, the emergence of Ebola virus in Indonesia can be anticipated quickly. Key words: Ebola virus, exotic, pathogen","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":"15 1","pages":"29-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67040833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.14334/WARTAZOA.V25I2.1145
Priyono, A. Priyanti
Establishment of dairy cattle development region needs to be conducted in accordance with the national dairy industry development plan. Dairy cattle regions have been designed and equipped with infrastructure supplies, supporting facilities, technologies, finance, processing, marketing, institutional and human resources. Dairy cooperative is one of the marketing channels of milk and milk products which have strategic roles to support the national dairy industry. Collaborations between dairy cooperatives and smallholder farmers within a district region have to be done based on agricultural ecosystems, agribusiness system, integrated farming and participatory approach. This may improve dairy cooperatives as an independent and competitive institution. Strengthening dairy cooperatives in national region dairy cattle was carried out through institutional inventory and dairy cooperatives performance; requirement of capital access, market and networks as well as education and managerial training; certification and accreditation feasibility analysis and information and technology utilization. Establishment of emerging dairy cooperatives towards small and micro enterprises is carried out by directing them to establish cooperatives which have legal certainty and business development opportunities. The impact of strengthening dairy cooperative may support dairy cattle development through increase population and milk production. Sustainable dairy cattle development needs to be supported by regional and national government policies. Key words : Dairy cooperatives, animal husbandry district development, dairy
{"title":"Strengthening Dairy Cooperative through National Development of Livestock Region","authors":"Priyono, A. Priyanti","doi":"10.14334/WARTAZOA.V25I2.1145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/WARTAZOA.V25I2.1145","url":null,"abstract":"Establishment of dairy cattle development region needs to be conducted in accordance with the national dairy industry development plan. Dairy cattle regions have been designed and equipped with infrastructure supplies, supporting facilities, technologies, finance, processing, marketing, institutional and human resources. Dairy cooperative is one of the marketing channels of milk and milk products which have strategic roles to support the national dairy industry. Collaborations between dairy cooperatives and smallholder farmers within a district region have to be done based on agricultural ecosystems, agribusiness system, integrated farming and participatory approach. This may improve dairy cooperatives as an independent and competitive institution. Strengthening dairy cooperatives in national region dairy cattle was carried out through institutional inventory and dairy cooperatives performance; requirement of capital access, market and networks as well as education and managerial training; certification and accreditation feasibility analysis and information and technology utilization. Establishment of emerging dairy cooperatives towards small and micro enterprises is carried out by directing them to establish cooperatives which have legal certainty and business development opportunities. The impact of strengthening dairy cooperative may support dairy cattle development through increase population and milk production. Sustainable dairy cattle development needs to be supported by regional and national government policies. Key words : Dairy cooperatives, animal husbandry district development, dairy","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":"25 1","pages":"85-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67040660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-30DOI: 10.14334/WARTAZOA.V23I4.1006
B. R. Prawiradiputra, S. Muharsini
The opportunity of the presence of genetically modified organism (GMO) forage crops in Indonesia is quite large. Although until now there is no single forage crop awarded safely crop in Indonesia, but several crop byproducts have been used as feed ingredient. The controversy over the presence of GMO plant cannot be avoided. There are a part of communities who could not accept the presence of GMO crops for some reasons. On the other hand, the producers claimed the advantages of the GMO crops such as reducing pesticide application, reducing cost of weeding, more tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses, and increasing production, farmer’s income and welfare. For the opponent, the main concerns are environmental issues and the possibility of emerging diseases in animal as well as human being. The Biosafety Comission through Biosafety Technical Team has the authority to recommend whether GMO food or feed (and plants) is safe or not safe to be consumed and grown in Indonesia after the assessment. Key words: GMO, forage crops, feed safety
{"title":"Genetically Modified Feed Crops and Feed Ingredients in Indonesia: Opportunities and Constraints of Development","authors":"B. R. Prawiradiputra, S. Muharsini","doi":"10.14334/WARTAZOA.V23I4.1006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/WARTAZOA.V23I4.1006","url":null,"abstract":"The opportunity of the presence of genetically modified organism (GMO) forage crops in Indonesia is quite large. Although until now there is no single forage crop awarded safely crop in Indonesia, but several crop byproducts have been used as feed ingredient. The controversy over the presence of GMO plant cannot be avoided. There are a part of communities who could not accept the presence of GMO crops for some reasons. On the other hand, the producers claimed the advantages of the GMO crops such as reducing pesticide application, reducing cost of weeding, more tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses, and increasing production, farmer’s income and welfare. For the opponent, the main concerns are environmental issues and the possibility of emerging diseases in animal as well as human being. The Biosafety Comission through Biosafety Technical Team has the authority to recommend whether GMO food or feed (and plants) is safe or not safe to be consumed and grown in Indonesia after the assessment. Key words: GMO, forage crops, feed safety","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":"23 1","pages":"159-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67040755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-28DOI: 10.14334/WARTAZOA.V23I1.958
N. D. Dono
Antibiotics have been used in non-therapeutic fashion as growth promoter for about 50 years in many parts of the world. It has been proven that supplementation of antibiotics in the diets reduces morbidity and mortality, as well as improve feed efficiency and overall growth performance of broiler chickens. However, the routine use of these antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs) is being curtailed in view of threat to public health occurring through microflora that are developing resistance to antibiotics. This risk has driven European Union and other countries to withdraw authorization of in-feed antibiotics since 1997. Removal of AGPs resulted in substantial increase infections in poultry. As a consequence, the poultry industry needs to find alternatives to antibiotics in order to stem the effects of infection. One comparable alternative is natural sources of herbs and medicinal plants, which later known as phytobiotics. For the last 15 years, these alternatives have been increasingly claimed to increase enteric health, stimulate digestive system, and enhance growth performance. It was reported that turmeric ( Curcuma longa Linn.) belongs to such class of medicinal plant and may be an alternative to antibiotics in poultry production. In this review, the responses of poultry to diets supplemented with turmeric on growth performance, egg production, health status, and carcass characteristic were briefly discussed. Keywords: Turmeric, non-antibiotic feed additive, poultry production
在世界许多地方，抗生素作为生长促进剂用于非治疗方式已有大约50年的历史。研究表明，饲粮中添加抗生素可降低肉鸡发病率和死亡率，提高饲料效率和整体生长性能。然而，鉴于微生物群对抗生素产生耐药性对公众健康构成威胁，这些抗菌素生长促进剂(AGPs)的常规使用正在减少。自1997年以来，这一风险促使欧盟和其他国家撤回了对饲料中抗生素的授权。去除agp导致家禽感染大幅增加。因此，家禽业需要找到抗生素的替代品，以遏制感染的影响。一种类似的替代品是草药和药用植物的天然来源，后来被称为植物生物制剂。在过去的15年里，越来越多的人声称这些替代品可以促进肠道健康，刺激消化系统，提高生长性能。据报道，姜黄(Curcuma longa Linn.)属于这类药用植物，可能是家禽生产中抗生素的替代品。本文简要讨论了饲粮中添加姜黄对家禽生长性能、产蛋量、健康状况和胴体特性的影响。关键词:姜黄，无抗生素饲料添加剂，家禽生产
{"title":"Turmeric (Curcuma Longa Linn.) Supplementation as an Alternative to Antibiotics in Poultry Diets","authors":"N. D. Dono","doi":"10.14334/WARTAZOA.V23I1.958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/WARTAZOA.V23I1.958","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotics have been used in non-therapeutic fashion as growth promoter for about 50 years in many parts of the world. It has been proven that supplementation of antibiotics in the diets reduces morbidity and mortality, as well as improve feed efficiency and overall growth performance of broiler chickens. However, the routine use of these antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs) is being curtailed in view of threat to public health occurring through microflora that are developing resistance to antibiotics. This risk has driven European Union and other countries to withdraw authorization of in-feed antibiotics since 1997. Removal of AGPs resulted in substantial increase infections in poultry. As a consequence, the poultry industry needs to find alternatives to antibiotics in order to stem the effects of infection. One comparable alternative is natural sources of herbs and medicinal plants, which later known as phytobiotics. For the last 15 years, these alternatives have been increasingly claimed to increase enteric health, stimulate digestive system, and enhance growth performance. It was reported that turmeric ( Curcuma longa Linn.) belongs to such class of medicinal plant and may be an alternative to antibiotics in poultry production. In this review, the responses of poultry to diets supplemented with turmeric on growth performance, egg production, health status, and carcass characteristic were briefly discussed. Keywords: Turmeric, non-antibiotic feed additive, poultry production","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":"23 1","pages":"41-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67040164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：