Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.140720233054
Swetha N B, Josephine Priya K, Manasa R, Manjula V.
Background: India is home to 77 million diabetics. Roughly 30% of overweight people have diabetes and 85% of diabetics are overweight. Young adults are especially prone to diabetes due to increased junk food consumption and sedentary lifestyle. Many young adults would be leading a life as diabetic if they are not educated about and screened for the risk factors. This will also allow us to timely strategize effective prevention therapies. Methods: This was a Cross sectional study conducted among 210 young adults aged between 18-35 years and are affiliated to a medical college in Chengalpattu. Two validated study tools were used: Indian diabetic risk score (IDRS) and International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ). Frequency, Chi-square test, One Way ANOVA and correlation was used for analysis. Results: 36.7% were obese. 27.1% and 55.2% had high and moderate risk of Diabetes mellitus respectively. BMI showed statistically significant association with IDRS risk. 53.3% of study participants were physically inactive. Age and gender were significantly associated with physical activity and Total MET min/week. Negative correlation was seen between IDRS score and Total MET minutes/week. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to screen the young adults for risk of diabetes and thereby reduce the incidence. Indian youth are at high risk for diabetes, which calls for an urgent action plan through intensive efforts to promote lifestyle modifications.
{"title":"Risk of Diabetes Mellitus and Level of Physical Activity Among Young Adults Affiliated to A Medical College in Chengalpattu District","authors":"Swetha N B, Josephine Priya K, Manasa R, Manjula V.","doi":"10.55489/njcm.140720233054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.140720233054","url":null,"abstract":"Background: India is home to 77 million diabetics. Roughly 30% of overweight people have diabetes and 85% of diabetics are overweight. Young adults are especially prone to diabetes due to increased junk food consumption and sedentary lifestyle. Many young adults would be leading a life as diabetic if they are not educated about and screened for the risk factors. This will also allow us to timely strategize effective prevention therapies.\u0000Methods: This was a Cross sectional study conducted among 210 young adults aged between 18-35 years and are affiliated to a medical college in Chengalpattu. Two validated study tools were used: Indian diabetic risk score (IDRS) and International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ). Frequency, Chi-square test, One Way ANOVA and correlation was used for analysis.\u0000Results: 36.7% were obese. 27.1% and 55.2% had high and moderate risk of Diabetes mellitus respectively. BMI showed statistically significant association with IDRS risk. 53.3% of study participants were physically inactive. Age and gender were significantly associated with physical activity and Total MET min/week. Negative correlation was seen between IDRS score and Total MET minutes/week.\u0000Conclusion: There is an urgent need to screen the young adults for risk of diabetes and thereby reduce the incidence. Indian youth are at high risk for diabetes, which calls for an urgent action plan through intensive efforts to promote lifestyle modifications.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126797999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.140720232918
Divyani Aharwal, Richa Changulani, A. Pathak, D. Shukla
Background: Aim of the study was to estimate prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among a large sample of out patients, affected with wider variety of skin problems and also to investigate its association with socio demographic and clinical characteristics so as to recommend for interventions to improve quality of care, in patients attending dermatology OPD. Material and Methods: Present hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 patients attending the dermatology OPD. Frequency, Percentage, Odds ratio (OR) were calculated. Chi square test and Logistic regression was applied. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Average age of the participants was 35.5±9.4 years. In the present study 29.67% patients were having at least one of the psychiatric morbidities. Among all the patients 28.7% were having the anxiety; 17.33% were having depression; 9.7% were having the stress. In multivariate analysis Females were observed to have higher risk for anxiety; depression and stress i.e. [OR: 7.54; 95% CI: 3.22-17.63]; [OR: 3.05; 95% CI: 1.75-5.34]; [OR: 14.61; 95% CI: 3.35-63.65] respectively. Conclusion: Female’s gender; itching problem and dermatitis need a special concern to reduce the psychiatric morbidity. The high prevalence indicates the need for the psycho-social care of the dermatology patients.
{"title":"Psychiatric Morbidity Among Dermatological Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India","authors":"Divyani Aharwal, Richa Changulani, A. Pathak, D. Shukla","doi":"10.55489/njcm.140720232918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.140720232918","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Aim of the study was to estimate prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among a large sample of out patients, affected with wider variety of skin problems and also to investigate its association with socio demographic and clinical characteristics so as to recommend for interventions to improve quality of care, in patients attending dermatology OPD.\u0000Material and Methods: Present hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 patients attending the dermatology OPD. Frequency, Percentage, Odds ratio (OR) were calculated. Chi square test and Logistic regression was applied. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.\u0000Results: Average age of the participants was 35.5±9.4 years. In the present study 29.67% patients were having at least one of the psychiatric morbidities. Among all the patients 28.7% were having the anxiety; 17.33% were having depression; 9.7% were having the stress. In multivariate analysis Females were observed to have higher risk for anxiety; depression and stress i.e. [OR: 7.54; 95% CI: 3.22-17.63]; [OR: 3.05; 95% CI: 1.75-5.34]; [OR: 14.61; 95% CI: 3.35-63.65] respectively.\u0000Conclusion: Female’s gender; itching problem and dermatitis need a special concern to reduce the psychiatric morbidity. The high prevalence indicates the need for the psycho-social care of the dermatology patients.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114988264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.140720232982
A. Verma, A. Behera, KM Monirul Islam, A. Joshi
Background: The burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to patients, their caretakers, and health system is gradually increasing and is associated with the morbidity, mortality, disability adjusted life years and higher costs. Self-management of COPD is a vital strategy for its management. This study aims to develop, implement, and evaluate an informatics platform for the home-based self-management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Method: A systematic review will be conducted to synthesize and appraise the evidence on self-management informatics tool or platform for COPD. An evidence-based COPD self-management application will be developed and implemented to 35 COPD patients at identified hospitals of New Delhi using prospective non-randomized study. A mixed methods study will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this informatics platform at selected hospitals of Delhi. Outcomes will be measured in terms of self-management for COPD related exacerbations, number of health care facility admissions for COPD and hospitalization days, adherence to the informatics platform, number of exacerbations requiring hospital visits, health related quality of life. Conclusion: The development and evaluation of home-based self-management of informatics platform for COPD would be an innovative strategy for the COPD patients in India.
{"title":"Development, Implementation, And Evaluation of An Informatics Platform for Home Based Self- Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Study Protocol","authors":"A. Verma, A. Behera, KM Monirul Islam, A. Joshi","doi":"10.55489/njcm.140720232982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.140720232982","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to patients, their caretakers, and health system is gradually increasing and is associated with the morbidity, mortality, disability adjusted life years and higher costs. Self-management of COPD is a vital strategy for its management. This study aims to develop, implement, and evaluate an informatics platform for the home-based self-management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.\u0000Method: A systematic review will be conducted to synthesize and appraise the evidence on self-management informatics tool or platform for COPD. An evidence-based COPD self-management application will be developed and implemented to 35 COPD patients at identified hospitals of New Delhi using prospective non-randomized study. A mixed methods study will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this informatics platform at selected hospitals of Delhi. Outcomes will be measured in terms of self-management for COPD related exacerbations, number of health care facility admissions for COPD and hospitalization days, adherence to the informatics platform, number of exacerbations requiring hospital visits, health related quality of life.\u0000Conclusion: The development and evaluation of home-based self-management of informatics platform for COPD would be an innovative strategy for the COPD patients in India.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127793851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.140720232901
Aparnavi P, Jeevithan Shanmugam, Ramesh Rathinamoorthy, Nalina B, Dhakshana P
A teen talk session for middle school children to speak on substance use was organised with a moderator to guide the discussion points under each section and ensure participation of all the children. From the talking points it was understood that children in the age group of 11 to 14 years also use substance like Coolip, Bidi and Hans. Children spend their evenings unsupervised and hanging out with friends using substance. Hence, they become more vulnerable to substance use. Students were requesting for an enabling environment to constructively use their time. Thus regular activities should be conducted at school level for the prevention of substance use.
{"title":"Substance Use: Teen Talk Among Early Adolescence","authors":"Aparnavi P, Jeevithan Shanmugam, Ramesh Rathinamoorthy, Nalina B, Dhakshana P","doi":"10.55489/njcm.140720232901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.140720232901","url":null,"abstract":"A teen talk session for middle school children to speak on substance use was organised with a moderator to guide the discussion points under each section and ensure participation of all the children. From the talking points it was understood that children in the age group of 11 to 14 years also use substance like Coolip, Bidi and Hans. Children spend their evenings unsupervised and hanging out with friends using substance. Hence, they become more vulnerable to substance use. Students were requesting for an enabling environment to constructively use their time. Thus regular activities should be conducted at school level for the prevention of substance use.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129209916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.140620232874
Sindhuri R, A. Dongre
Introduction: The dynamic and flexible nature of qualitative studies is expected to impose new challenges upon the researchers in obtaining informed consent. The study objectives were to explore the challenges perceived by the researchers in obtaining informed consent in qualitative research and their suggestions to improve it. Material and Methods: It was a descriptive qualitative study in which In-depth interviews were conducted among ten qualitative researchers purposively selected from one medical college in Puducherry. Transcripts prepared from the audio recordings were thematically analyzed manually. Results: The challenges identified were inadequate knowledge of the researcher in designing qualitative consent form, reluctance to sign consent document by participant, ensuring confidentiality and risk benefit communication. The main suggestions provided by the participants were to use of multimedia tools to improve their understanding and creating a rapport to enhance their trust to participate in the study. Conclusions: Since most of the challenges were related to the reluctance of participants to provide consent due to various reasons and lack of adequate knowledge of the researcher, creating a good rapport with the participants and providing simple information through multimedia approaches and ethical training of qualitative researchers will aid us to overcome majority of these challenges.
{"title":"Challenges in Obtaining Informed Consent in Qualitative Research and Suggestions to Improve It- A Descriptive Qualitative Study","authors":"Sindhuri R, A. Dongre","doi":"10.55489/njcm.140620232874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.140620232874","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The dynamic and flexible nature of qualitative studies is expected to impose new challenges upon the researchers in obtaining informed consent. The study objectives were to explore the challenges perceived by the researchers in obtaining informed consent in qualitative research and their suggestions to improve it.\u0000Material and Methods: It was a descriptive qualitative study in which In-depth interviews were conducted among ten qualitative researchers purposively selected from one medical college in Puducherry. Transcripts prepared from the audio recordings were thematically analyzed manually.\u0000Results: The challenges identified were inadequate knowledge of the researcher in designing qualitative consent form, reluctance to sign consent document by participant, ensuring confidentiality and risk benefit communication. The main suggestions provided by the participants were to use of multimedia tools to improve their understanding and creating a rapport to enhance their trust to participate in the study.\u0000Conclusions: Since most of the challenges were related to the reluctance of participants to provide consent due to various reasons and lack of adequate knowledge of the researcher, creating a good rapport with the participants and providing simple information through multimedia approaches and ethical training of qualitative researchers will aid us to overcome majority of these challenges.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114682056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.140620232681
Poonguzhali S, K. S, Arun Murugan
Background: The transgender population is a marginalized social group often targeted for mistreatment and discrimination. This study specifically examined the experiences of transgender people across a range of categories such as: education, employment outcomes, health awareness and mental health status. The study aimed to gain an understanding about the respondents’ unique experiences of discrimination being transgender and health awareness. Materials and Methods: The research applied descriptive qualitative phenomenology design. The study was conducted at Department of Community Medicine, Government Omandurar Medical College and Hospital, Chennai on Trans genders using in-depth interview with an open-ended question semi structured Questionnaire after obtaining the informed consent among 4 Transgenders till the data saturation happens. The Transcriptions Data were then analyzed using the Colaizzi method. Results: Marginalized socially and economically, Family and peer rejections, Lack of Job opportunities, Continuous rejection and omission leads to Begging and Active Night life (Survival Sex). Health Care Professionals has less knowledge about the transgender health, sex affirmation surgery is still least preferred among doctors. NGOs roles are very significant in their quality of life, Periodic medical examination including HIV. Conclusion: Transgender’s and the word are to be transformed as Third Gender. The Social acceptance from the public will do wonders in their life.
{"title":"Equalizing The Third Gender Health a Lived Experience Phenomenological Study - A Qualitative Approach","authors":"Poonguzhali S, K. S, Arun Murugan","doi":"10.55489/njcm.140620232681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.140620232681","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The transgender population is a marginalized social group often targeted for mistreatment and discrimination. This study specifically examined the experiences of transgender people across a range of categories such as: education, employment outcomes, health awareness and mental health status. The study aimed to gain an understanding about the respondents’ unique experiences of discrimination being transgender and health awareness.\u0000Materials and Methods: The research applied descriptive qualitative phenomenology design. The study was conducted at Department of Community Medicine, Government Omandurar Medical College and Hospital, Chennai on Trans genders using in-depth interview with an open-ended question semi structured Questionnaire after obtaining the informed consent among 4 Transgenders till the data saturation happens. The Transcriptions Data were then analyzed using the Colaizzi method.\u0000Results: Marginalized socially and economically, Family and peer rejections, Lack of Job opportunities, Continuous rejection and omission leads to Begging and Active Night life (Survival Sex). Health Care Professionals has less knowledge about the transgender health, sex affirmation surgery is still least preferred among doctors. NGOs roles are very significant in their quality of life, Periodic medical examination including HIV.\u0000Conclusion: Transgender’s and the word are to be transformed as Third Gender. The Social acceptance from the public will do wonders in their life.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127899465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Exam anxiety is a global troublesome psychological problem, impairing the academic performance of medical students. This study was planned to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of Exam anxiety among Indian medical students Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 230 Indian medical undergraduate students. Westside Test Anxiety Inventory (WTAI) was used to estimate the level of Exam anxiety among medical students. We utilized multivariable logistic regression to identify independent risk factors among medical students. Results: The prevalence of high Exam Anxiety among medical students was 49.6 % (95% CI 43.9-57.0). The mean age of the students was 21.3 years. Multivariable logistic regression revealed the presence of excessive course load [AOR=2.22,95% CI:(1.03,4.78)], the presence of psychological stress [AOR=2.89,95% CI:(1.51,5.48)] and low self-esteem [AOR=8.15,95% CI:(1.51,43.96)] to be independent risk factors for exam anxiety. Conclusions: Our study findings suggest that the prevalence of Exam anxiety is very high among Indian undergraduate medical students. Our study also showed that the perception of excessive course load, psychological stress and low self-esteem were the independent risk factors in medical students.
背景:考试焦虑是困扰医学生学习成绩的全球性心理问题。本研究旨在评估印度医科学生考试焦虑的患病率及相关危险因素。方法:对230名印度医科本科生进行横断面分析研究。采用西侧考试焦虑量表(WTAI)评估医学生的考试焦虑水平。我们使用多变量逻辑回归来确定医学生的独立危险因素。结果:医学生高考试焦虑的患病率为49.6% (95% CI 43.9 ~ 57.0)。这些学生的平均年龄为21.3岁。多变量logistic回归显示，课业负担过重[AOR=2.22,95% CI:(1.03,4.78)]、心理压力[AOR=2.89,95% CI:(1.51,5.48)]和自尊心低[AOR=8.15,95% CI:(1.51,43.96)]是考试焦虑的独立危险因素。结论:我们的研究结果表明，考试焦虑的患病率在印度本科医学生中非常高。本研究亦显示医学生学业负担过重、心理压力及自卑为独立危险因素。
{"title":"Exam Anxiety and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Indian Medical Undergraduates","authors":"Anubhuti Sharma, Satya Prakash Singh, Saket Shekhar, Poonam Kushwaha, Anju Gahlot","doi":"10.55489/njcm.140620232774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.140620232774","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Exam anxiety is a global troublesome psychological problem, impairing the academic performance of medical students. This study was planned to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of Exam anxiety among Indian medical students\u0000Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 230 Indian medical undergraduate students. Westside Test Anxiety Inventory (WTAI) was used to estimate the level of Exam anxiety among medical students. We utilized multivariable logistic regression to identify independent risk factors among medical students.\u0000Results: The prevalence of high Exam Anxiety among medical students was 49.6 % (95% CI 43.9-57.0). The mean age of the students was 21.3 years. Multivariable logistic regression revealed the presence of excessive course load [AOR=2.22,95% CI:(1.03,4.78)], the presence of psychological stress [AOR=2.89,95% CI:(1.51,5.48)] and low self-esteem [AOR=8.15,95% CI:(1.51,43.96)] to be independent risk factors for exam anxiety.\u0000Conclusions: Our study findings suggest that the prevalence of Exam anxiety is very high among Indian undergraduate medical students. Our study also showed that the perception of excessive course load, psychological stress and low self-esteem were the independent risk factors in medical students.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125947128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.140620232883
Mangala Belur, K. Srivastava, AKHILA B S, Hetal K Rathod
Measles is a highly contagious, serious viral disease mainly affecting children under the age of five with a case fatality rate ranging from 0.1% 1in developed world to as much as 30% among refugee communities. As of the beginning of November 2022, the most current monthly statistics submitted to the WHO indicated that India was one of the top 10 nations responsible for the highest number of cases (9500 cases) worldwide . The most significant factor was COVID pandemic that had detrimental impact on the main approach including nterruption of health services, supply-chain disruption and routine immunization-measles vaccination campaigns being paused or postponed in many countries to avert further spread of COVID-19 that lead to fall in consumption of MR vaccine in a span of few months after pandemic started. Other contributing factors might include burgeoning migrant community, missed doses of vaccination and malnutriton spike.There is a need to urgently address the basic needs of health care facilities and to fill the gaps in routine immunization and its surveillance system to curb the measles outbreak in this post pandemic era.
{"title":"The Resurgence of Measles - A Tragic Residue of Covid Epoch","authors":"Mangala Belur, K. Srivastava, AKHILA B S, Hetal K Rathod","doi":"10.55489/njcm.140620232883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.140620232883","url":null,"abstract":"Measles is a highly contagious, serious viral disease mainly affecting children under the age of five with a case fatality rate ranging from 0.1% 1in developed world to as much as 30% among refugee communities. As of the beginning of November 2022, the most current monthly statistics submitted to the WHO indicated that India was one of the top 10 nations responsible for the highest number of cases (9500 cases) worldwide . The most significant factor was COVID pandemic that had detrimental impact on the main approach including nterruption of health services, supply-chain disruption and routine immunization-measles vaccination campaigns being paused or postponed in many countries to avert further spread of COVID-19 that lead to fall in consumption of MR vaccine in a span of few months after pandemic started. Other contributing factors might include burgeoning migrant community, missed doses of vaccination and malnutriton spike.There is a need to urgently address the basic needs of health care facilities and to fill the gaps in routine immunization and its surveillance system to curb the measles outbreak in this post pandemic era.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115458863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.140620233011
Lavanya Baskaran, K. Vasudevan, Anandaraj
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that has both medical as well as social dimensions. Stigma and associated discrimination experienced by persons affected by TB is a barrier to the interventions towards TB elimination. A better understanding of stigma will improve the effectiveness of the interventions aimed to alleviate the effects of TB stigma. The objectives were to measure the prevalence of self, anticipated, experienced stigma and its associated factors and to explore the impact of tuberculosis related stigma among TB patients. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Puducherry district, Southern India among 420 adult drug sensitive non-HIV TB patients registered under NTEP. Data was collected by face-to-face interview using standardised questionnaire. Results: The mean(±SD) age of the study participants was 44.5 (±15.03) years. Majority were males (267, 63.6%) and were married (330, 78.6%). The prevalence of stigma among TB patients was found to be 69.3%. Perceived stigma was noted in 47.1%, 33.6% had self- stigma and 26.0% had experienced stigma. On measuring the impact of stigma, 52.6% reported participation restriction. Illiteracy and lower-socio economic status were found to be significantly associated with TB stigma. Conclusions: Stigma among TB patients was high. Tailored patient-centric interventions to address stigma and discrimination using culturally appropriate and locally available resources are necessary.
{"title":"Prevalence of Stigma Among TB Patients and Its Associated Factors - A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study in Puducherry, India","authors":"Lavanya Baskaran, K. Vasudevan, Anandaraj","doi":"10.55489/njcm.140620233011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.140620233011","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that has both medical as well as social dimensions. Stigma and associated discrimination experienced by persons affected by TB is a barrier to the interventions towards TB elimination. A better understanding of stigma will improve the effectiveness of the interventions aimed to alleviate the effects of TB stigma. The objectives were to measure the prevalence of self, anticipated, experienced stigma and its associated factors and to explore the impact of tuberculosis related stigma among TB patients.\u0000Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Puducherry district, Southern India among 420 adult drug sensitive non-HIV TB patients registered under NTEP. Data was collected by face-to-face interview using standardised questionnaire.\u0000Results: The mean(±SD) age of the study participants was 44.5 (±15.03) years. Majority were males (267, 63.6%) and were married (330, 78.6%). The prevalence of stigma among TB patients was found to be 69.3%. Perceived stigma was noted in 47.1%, 33.6% had self- stigma and 26.0% had experienced stigma. On measuring the impact of stigma, 52.6% reported participation restriction. Illiteracy and lower-socio economic status were found to be significantly associated with TB stigma.\u0000Conclusions: Stigma among TB patients was high. Tailored patient-centric interventions to address stigma and discrimination using culturally appropriate and locally available resources are necessary.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"471 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133847812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.140620232867
Salma Kaneez, S. Javed, Nasheed Imtiyaz
Background: Students play a significant role in delivering effective messages for better uptake of health promoting behaviour. Understanding factors that are associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among students will help develop promising strategies in vaccine promotion of the pandemic. The present investigation was undertaken to look into psycho-social drivers of COVID-19 uptake among Indian students. Method: 587 students, aged 18-35 years participated in an online survey. Standardized measures targeting socio-demographic details, health anxiety, preventive health behaviour and constructs of health belief model were used for the present study. Results: The results showed that overall vaccine uptake among students was quite high with nearly 74% of the students reported being vaccinated against COVID-19. Factors like COVID-19 contact, level of education, belief in safety and efficacy of vaccine, social distancing, age, health worry and preoccupation were emerged as the significant drivers of COVID-19 vaccination behaviour increase the probability of vaccine uptake among students. Moreover, factors like Interference with life, Reassurance Seeking, irrational belief about preventive health measures and perceived barriers about vaccination had significant negative link with vaccination decreasing the likelihood of vaccine uptake. Conclusion: Psychological and socio-demographic factors play vital role in the success of public health strategies of COVID-19 vaccine promotion in managing the pandemic.
{"title":"Psycho-Social Drivers of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Among University Students","authors":"Salma Kaneez, S. Javed, Nasheed Imtiyaz","doi":"10.55489/njcm.140620232867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.140620232867","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Students play a significant role in delivering effective messages for better uptake of health promoting behaviour. Understanding factors that are associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among students will help develop promising strategies in vaccine promotion of the pandemic. The present investigation was undertaken to look into psycho-social drivers of COVID-19 uptake among Indian students.\u0000Method: 587 students, aged 18-35 years participated in an online survey. Standardized measures targeting socio-demographic details, health anxiety, preventive health behaviour and constructs of health belief model were used for the present study.\u0000Results: The results showed that overall vaccine uptake among students was quite high with nearly 74% of the students reported being vaccinated against COVID-19. Factors like COVID-19 contact, level of education, belief in safety and efficacy of vaccine, social distancing, age, health worry and preoccupation were emerged as the significant drivers of COVID-19 vaccination behaviour increase the probability of vaccine uptake among students. Moreover, factors like Interference with life, Reassurance Seeking, irrational belief about preventive health measures and perceived barriers about vaccination had significant negative link with vaccination decreasing the likelihood of vaccine uptake.\u0000Conclusion: Psychological and socio-demographic factors play vital role in the success of public health strategies of COVID-19 vaccine promotion in managing the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127722671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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