Vaccine: X最新文献

{"title":"Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza-associated hospitalizations in children, Hong Kong, November 2023 to June 2024","authors":"So-Lun Lee ,&nbsp;Mike Y.W. Kwan ,&nbsp;Caitriona Murphy ,&nbsp;Eunice L.Y. Chan ,&nbsp;Joshua S.C. Wong ,&nbsp;Sheena G. Sullivan ,&nbsp;Malik Peiris ,&nbsp;Benjamin J. Cowling","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We conducted a test negative study from November 2023 to June 2024, enrolling 4,367 children hospitalized with acute respiratory illness in Hong Kong. Among the children who tested negative for influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2, 56.8 % had received influenza vaccination. Between November 2023 and March 2024, influenza A(H3N2) predominated and the VE against influenza A(H3N2) was estimated as 55 % (95 % CI: 29.6 %, 71.8 %). VE point estimates were higher for younger children than older children. In February to June 2024 influenza A(H1N1) predominated and VE against influenza A(H1N1) was 54 % (95 % CI: 33 %, 69 %) during this period. Influenza B/Victoria circulated at low intensity throughout the 2023/24 season and VE against influenza B was 66 % (95 % CI: 42 %, 80 %). Since its introduction in 2018/19 the school-based influenza vaccination program has substantially increased vaccine uptake in children in Hong Kong and prevented influenza-associated hospitalizations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100570"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of the belief in conspiracy narratives with vaccination status and recommendation behaviours of German physicians","authors":"Frederike Taubert ,&nbsp;Philipp Schmid ,&nbsp;Dawn Holford ,&nbsp;Pierre Verger ,&nbsp;Angelo Fasce ,&nbsp;Linda C. Karlsson ,&nbsp;Anna Soveri ,&nbsp;Stephan Lewandowsky ,&nbsp;Cornelia Betsch","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vaccine hesitancy has been identified as one of the top ten threats to global health by the World Health Organization (WHO). The belief in conspiracy narratives is repeatedly discussed as a major driver of vaccine hesitancy among the general population. However, there is a lack of research investigating the role of the belief in conspiracy narratives in vaccination decisions and recommendation behaviours of physicians. This is particularly relevant as physicians are one of the major and trusted sources of information for patients’ vaccination decisions. This study therefore investigated the association between believing in COVID-19-related conspiracy narratives and physicians’ own COVID-19 vaccination status and their recommendation behavior for COVID-19 and other vaccines (e.g., HPV or flu). In a cross-sectional survey among German physicians (N = 602, April 2022) two conspiracy narratives were assessed, stating that the coronavirus is a hoax or that it is human-made. Additional control variables included trust in health institutions, the rejection of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), the 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination (confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, and collective responsibility) and demographic variables. Hierarchical regressions indicated that greater belief in the conspiracy narrative claiming that the coronavirus is a hoax was associated with lower COVID-19 vaccination uptake and fewer COVID-19 vaccination recommendations among physicians. The results for recommendation behavior remain robust even when controlling for other variables. Contrary to our assumption, believing that the coronavirus is human-made was not related to vaccination status nor vaccine recommendation behavior. In conclusion, believing in conspiracy narratives that question the existence and thus also the danger of the virus is an important independent predictor of vaccine hesitancy among physicians that should be addressed in future public health interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A literature review and evidence-based evaluation of the Dutch national immunisation schedule yield possibilities for improvements","authors":"A.J.M. Pluijmaekers ,&nbsp;A. Steens ,&nbsp;H. Houweling ,&nbsp;N.Y. Rots ,&nbsp;K.S.M. Benschop ,&nbsp;R.S. van Binnendijk ,&nbsp;R. Bodewes ,&nbsp;J.G.M. Brouwer ,&nbsp;A. Buisman ,&nbsp;E. Duizer ,&nbsp;C.A.C.M. van Els ,&nbsp;J.M. Hament ,&nbsp;G. den Hartog ,&nbsp;P. Kaaijk ,&nbsp;K. Kerkhof ,&nbsp;A.J. King ,&nbsp;F.R.M. van der Klis ,&nbsp;H. Korthals Altes ,&nbsp;N.A.T. van der Maas ,&nbsp;D.L. van Meijeren ,&nbsp;H.E. de Melker","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>National Immunisation Programmes (NIPs) develop historically. Its performance (disease incidences, vaccination coverage) is monitored. Reviewing the schedule as a whole could inform on further optimisation of the programme, i.e., providing maximal protection with the lowest number of doses. We systematically evaluated the performance and strategies of the Dutch pathogen-specific NIP schedules through literature review, assessment of surveillance data and expert opinions.</div><div>Pathogen-specific vaccinations were categorised according to their strategy of protection: I) elimination or eradication, II) herd immunity or III) ‘only’ individual protection. The schedule of each vaccine-component was evaluated based on fixed criteria: 1. Is the achieved protection adequate? 2. Is the intended protection achieved? 3. Does the programme include too many or too few doses? 4. Is the timing optimal or acceptable? and 5. Are there drawbacks of the NIP for (part of) the population? Identified issues were explored using surveillance data and literature.</div><div>Using fixed criteria facilitated comparison between pathogens and revealed opportunities to optimise the Dutch NIP by: i. Reducing the number of polio and tetanus vaccinations; ii. prolonging the interval between diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, hepatitis B, and Hib vaccine doses for improved effectiveness; iii. Expedite the second measles vaccination from 9 to 2–4 years of age to offer unvaccinated children and primary vaccine failures an earlier chance to be protected; and iv. Delaying the second mumps vaccination to enhance protection in adolescents/young adults. No schedule adaptations were deemed necessary for the vaccines against HPV, rubella, pneumococcal disease, and meningococcal disease. Based on this evaluation the NITAG advised to move the DTaP-IPV-HBV-Hib-booster from age 11 to 12 months, the second MMR-dose from 9 to 2–4 years, replace the Tdap-IPV at 4 years with a Tdap at 5–6 years and move the dt-IPV from 9 to 14 years. Implementation of these changes is planned for 2025.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-course analysis of antibody and cytokine response after the third SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose","authors":"Hyeon Hwa Kim ,&nbsp;Hye Kyung Lee ,&nbsp;Lothar Hennighausen ,&nbsp;Priscilla A. Furth ,&nbsp;Heungsup Sung ,&nbsp;Jin Won Huh","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread administration of an additional dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine has been promoted across adult populations, demonstrating a robust immune response against COVID-19. Longitudinal studies provide crucial data on the durability of immune response after the third vaccination. This study aims to explore the antibody response, neutralizing activity, and cytokine response against the SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain (wild-type) and its variants during the timeline before and after the administration of the third vaccine dose. Anti-spike antibody titers and neutralizing antibodies blocking ACE2 binding to spike antigens were measured in 62 study participants at baseline, and on days 7, 21, and 180 post-vaccination. Cytokine levels were assessed at the same points except for day 180, with an additional measurement on day 3 post-vaccination. The analysis revealed no substantial variation in anti-spike antibody titer against the SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain between the pre-vaccination phase and three days following the third dose. However, a significant nine-fold increase in these titers was observed by day 7, maintained until day 21. Although a decrease was observed by day 180, all participants still had detectable antibody levels. A similar trend was noted for neutralizing antibodies, with a four-fold rise by day 7 post-vaccination. At day 180, a diminution of neutralizing antibody titers was evident for both wild-type and all variants, including Omicron subvariant. A transient increase in cytokine activity, notably involving components of the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) pathway, such as CXCL10 and IL-10, was observed within three days after the third dose. This study underscores a distinct amplification of humoral immune response seven days following the third SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose and observes a decline in neutralizing antibody titers 180 days following the third dose, thus indicating the temporal humoral effectiveness of booster vaccination. A short-term cytokine surge, notably involving the JAK/STAT pathway, highlights the dynamic immune modulation post-vaccination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Typhoid conjugate vaccine implementation in India: A review of supportive evidence","authors":"Vijayalaxmi V. Mogasale ,&nbsp;Anish Sinha ,&nbsp;Jacob John ,&nbsp;Habib Hasan Farooqui ,&nbsp;Arindam Ray ,&nbsp;Tracey Chantler ,&nbsp;Vittal Mogasale ,&nbsp;Bhim Gopal Dhoubhadel ,&nbsp;W John Edmunds ,&nbsp;Andrew Clark ,&nbsp;Kaja Abbas","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Typhoid conjugate vaccines are available in the private market in India and are also recommended by the National Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (NTAGI) for inclusion in India’s Universal Immunisation Programme in 2022 to control and prevent typhoid fever. Our study aims to synthesise the supportive evidence for typhoid conjugate vaccine implementation in the routine immunisation programme of India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a literature review to identify supportive evidence for typhoid conjugate vaccine implementation in India based on the key criteria of the World Health Organisation’s Evidence-to-Recommendation framework for National Immunisation Technical Advisory Groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We synthesised evidence on typhoid disease burden, benefits and harms of typhoid conjugate vaccine, cost-effectiveness analysis, and implementation feasibility. However, the in-country evidence on budget impact analysis, vaccine demand and supply forecast, equity analysis, target population values and preferences, immunisation service providers’ acceptability, co-administration safety, and antimicrobial resistance tracking were limited.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Based on the literature review, we identified evidence gaps. We recommend identifying research priorities for supporting typhoid conjugate vaccine implementation decision-making in India by combining evidence gaps with the perceived importance of the same evidence criteria and factors among immunisation stakeholders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the landscape of routine immunization in Nigeria: A scoping review of barriers and facilitators","authors":"Yahaya Mohammed ,&nbsp;Heidi W. Reynolds ,&nbsp;Hyelshilni Waziri ,&nbsp;Adam Attahiru ,&nbsp;Ahmed Olowo-okere ,&nbsp;Moreen Kamateeka ,&nbsp;Ndadilnasiya Endie Waziri ,&nbsp;Aminu Magashi Garba ,&nbsp;Gustavo C. Corrêa ,&nbsp;Rufai Garba ,&nbsp;Nancy Vollmer ,&nbsp;Patrick Nguku","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite global efforts to improve vaccination coverage, the number of zero-dose and under-immunized children has increased in Africa, particularly in Nigeria, which has over 2.1 million unvaccinated (zero dose) children, the highest in the continent. This scoping review systematically maps and summarizes existing literature on the barriers and facilitators of immunization in Nigeria, focusing on regional inequalities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted, encompassing all data from their inception to October 2023, to identify articles on the determinants of routine immunization uptake in Nigeria. Eligible studies were evaluated using predefined criteria, and the data were analyzed and visualized.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results revealed distinct regional variations in factors influencing immunization practices across Nigeria’s six geopolitical zones. Identified barriers include logistical issues, socio-economic factors, cultural influences, and systemic healthcare deficiencies. Key facilitators across multiple zones are health literacy, maternal education, and community leader influence. However, unique regional differences were also identified. In the North-East, significant factors included peer influence, robust reminder systems, provision of additional security, and financial incentives for health facilities. In the North-West, perceived vaccine benefits, fear of non-immunization consequences, urban residence, health literacy, and antenatal care visits were reported as crucial. Perceived benefits of vaccines and trust in healthcare providers were identified as predominant factors in the North-Central zone In the South-East, maternal autonomy, health literacy, and fear of non-immunization consequences were important. In the South-South, peer influence and reminder systems like WhatsApp and SMS were notable, alongside higher maternal education levels. The South-West highlighted maternal autonomy, peer influence, health card usage, high maternal education, and supportive government policies as critical factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings underscore the need for region-specific interventions that address these unique barriers to improve immunization coverage across Nigeria. Tailored approaches that consider the socio-economic, cultural, and logistical challenges specific to each region are essential to bridge the immunization gap.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100563"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three doses of Sars-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in older adults result in similar antibody responses but reduced cellular cytokine responses relative to younger adults","authors":"Geir Bredholt ,&nbsp;Marianne Sævik ,&nbsp;Hanne Søyland ,&nbsp;Thor Ueland ,&nbsp;Fan Zhou ,&nbsp;Rishi Pathirana ,&nbsp;Anders Madsen ,&nbsp;Juha Vahokoski ,&nbsp;Sarah Lartey ,&nbsp;Bente E. Halvorsen ,&nbsp;Tuva B. Dahl ,&nbsp;Mai-Chi Trieu ,&nbsp;Kristin G.-I. Mohn ,&nbsp;Karl Albert Brokstad ,&nbsp;Pål Aukrust ,&nbsp;Camilla Tøndel ,&nbsp;Nina Langeland ,&nbsp;Bjørn Blomberg ,&nbsp;Rebecca Jane Cox ,&nbsp;Bergen COVID-19 Research Group","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Booster COVID-19 vaccinations are used to protect the elderly, a group vulnerable to severe disease. We compared humoral and cellular immunity in older versus younger adults up to eight months after administering a BNT16b2 booster vaccine dose. Next, we analyzed the plasma levels of soluble T cell activation/exhaustion markers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Home-dwelling older adults (n = 68, median age 86) and younger healthcare workers (n = 35, median age 39), previously vaccinated with two doses of BNT162b2, were given a booster dose at ten months after the initial dose. Our analysis consisted of spike-specific IgG, neutralizing antibodies, memory B cells, IFN-γ and IL-2 secreting T cells and soluble T cell exhaustion/activation markers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Following the initial two doses, the elderly cohort exhibited lower humoral and IFN-γ responses compared to younger adults. The booster dose increased the humoral responses in both older and younger adults. At two months after the booster dose, older and younger vaccinees had comparable levels of antibodies and the responses were maintained up to 18 months. The younger cohort elicited an increase in the cellular response, while no increase was detected in the elderly. The elderly had higher plasma levels of soluble forms of the T cell activation/exhaustion markers CD25 and TIM-3, which inversely correlated with age and T-cell cytokine responses. This suggests that these markers may be related to the observed dysfunctional cellular cytokine response in older adults. However, both elderly and younger adults who experienced breakthrough infections after booster vaccination, elicited more robust humoral and IFN-γ responses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The booster dose elicited neutralizing and spike-specific antibody responses in the elderly that were comparable with that of the younger cohort. However, the lack of a strong cellular cytokine response to the third dose in the elderly may explain their vulnerability to severe infection and may be a consequence of exhausted or senescent T cell responses. (<span><span>https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04706390</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of vaccine perceptions in Israel’s Elderly: A Comparative study of COVID-19 and influenza vaccination attitudes","authors":"Odai Abu Aid ,&nbsp;Hanan Rohana ,&nbsp;Maya Azrad ,&nbsp;Avi Peretz","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes of Israeli elderly population towards COVID-19 and influenza vaccines, and to assess factors contributing to these attitudes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four-hundred and one participants exhibiting symptoms consistent with COVID-19 or influenza were enrolled and filled out a questionnaire. A second questionnaire was filled out for hospitalized patients at discharge. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected and detected for COVID-19 and influenza presence by reverse transcription PCR. Participants were divided into 3 groups according to their attitude towards vaccine- Pro-vaccine, Anti-vaccine and Dependent group, which represented participants whose stance depended on disease infection rate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 401 participants, 11.2% (45/401) tested positive for COVID-19, 10.5% (42/401) were positive for Influenza A and one (0.2%) patient had Influenza B. The participants expressed varied beliefs about COVID-19 vaccine: 14.7% (59/401) agreed that it causes disease, 25.4% (102/401) doubted vaccine effectiveness and 22.9% (92/401) questioned vaccine safety. A higher percentage of individuals in Pro-Vaccine group (66.3%, 179/270) as compared to Anti-Vaccine (45.3%, 24/53) and to Dependent (60.3%, 47/78) groups had a COVID-19 history. Hospitalization history was significantly more common in Pro-Vaccine (11.1%, 30/270) and Dependent groups (16.7%, 13/78) than in Anti-Vaccine group (1.9%, 1/53).</div><div>Influenza vaccine effectiveness was doubted by 19.7% (79/401), 18% (72/401) participants questioned safety, and 18.7% (75/401) agreed that the vaccine causes disease. The majority of both Dependent (54.2%, 13/24) and Pro-Vaccine (56.2%, 167/297) groups believed they received sufficient information about the vaccine, while only 25% (20/80) of the Anti-Vaccine group has similar impressions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This analysis reveals a notable disinclination towards vaccination among some of the elderly, reflecting their deep and ingrained hesitancy. These findings emphasize the need for customized approaches to improve vaccine acceptance in this vulnerable group. Such strategies should consider the various motivations and influences shaping elderly perspectives, from individual health experiences to wider social and cultural factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100569"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of measles-rubella vaccination status in the Savannah Region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study among caregivers of children aged 18–59 months","authors":"Michael Rockson Adjei ,&nbsp;Kwabena Adjei Sarfo ,&nbsp;Cyril Kwami Azornu ,&nbsp;Peter Gyamfi Kwarteng ,&nbsp;Felix Osei-Sarpong ,&nbsp;Janet Vanessa Baafi ,&nbsp;Byrite Asamoah ,&nbsp;Chrysantus Kubio ,&nbsp;Martin Peter Grobusch ,&nbsp;Sally-Ann Ohene","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Savannah Region witnessed a decline in measles-rubella (MR) vaccination coverage prior to the measles outbreak in 2022. This study aimed to assess contributory factors of the low routine MR vaccination coverage and proffer recommendations to improve vaccination uptake.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted in two districts (Bole and Central Gonja) of Savannah Region from December 2022 to June 2023. Caregivers of children 18–59 months were randomly selected and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to assess predictors of MR vaccination status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Children of caregivers with inadequate knowledge of MR vaccination (AOR = 0.58, 95 %CI: 0.47–0.72), travelled more than five km to access health services (AOR = 0.48, 95 %CI: 0.39–0.59), described health workers attitude as poor (AOR = 0.44, 95 %CI: 0.26–0.74), and those who sought treatment for adverse events following immunization (AEFI) from the pharmacy (AOR = 0.65, 95 %CI: 0.51–0.84) were less likely to complete MR vaccination. On the contrary, children of female sex (AOR = 1.27, 95 %CI: 1.05–1.53), aged 24–59 month (AOR = 2.56, 95 %CI: 1.05–1.53), caregivers with primary or secondary education (AOR = 1.43, 95 %CI: 1.11–1.84; and AOR = 2.23, 95 %CI: 1.64–3.03 respectively), and those who did not experience rescheduling of vaccination sessions (AOR = 1.61, 95 % CI: 1.25–2.01) were more likely to complete routine MR vaccination schedule.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Inadequate caregiver knowledge, poor geographical access to health services, poor healthcare worker attitude, and non-institutional management of AEFI significantly contributed to the low MR vaccination uptake in the Savannah Region. Adopting tailored approaches to addressing these factors could improve vaccination coverage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social networks and COVID-19 vaccination intention in Dutch middle-aged and older adults in 2020: Insights into individual, interpersonal, community, and societal determinants – The SaNAE study","authors":"Lisanne C.J. Steijvers ,&nbsp;Céline J.A. van Bilsen ,&nbsp;Stephanie Wagner ,&nbsp;Sarah E. Stutterheim ,&nbsp;Rik Crutzen ,&nbsp;Robert A.C. Ruiter ,&nbsp;Christian J.P.A. Hoebe ,&nbsp;Nicole H.T.M. Dukers-Muijrers","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Social networks, our social relationships, influence the spread of infectious diseases and preventive behaviors such as vaccination. Here, we aimed to assess which individual, interpersonal (social network characteristics), community and societal factors are associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination intention during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, prior to vaccine availability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study collected primary data from 5,001 community-dwelling adults aged 40 years and older in the Netherlands, using an online questionnaire from August and November 2020. COVID-19 vaccination intention was measured by assessing whether respondents were willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccination if the vaccines became available. Associations between individual (sociodemographic variables, health, health concerns), interpersonal (social network characteristics including structure, function, and quality), community (social and labor participation) and societal factors (degree of urbanization), and the outcome variables COVID-19 vaccination intention (yes vs no, yes vs unsure, unsure vs no) were assessed in stepwise multivariable logistic regression analyses. <em>p</em>-values &lt; 0.05 indicated statistical significance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among participants (N = 3,396), 59 % reported a positive intention to vaccinate, 35 % were unsure, and 6 % had no intention. Men, individuals of older age, those with a college or university degree, those concerned about their personal and family health, and knowledge about protecting oneself from the virus were more likely to have the intention to vaccinate (versus no intention). Interpersonal factors associated included having a larger network size (social network structure) and a larger proportion of informational supporters (social network function). Living outside of urban areas, a societal factor, was associated with vaccination intention (versus no intention).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study identified key factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination intention. Health promotion efforts should address not only individual factors but also incorporate the social environment. Our findings highlight the importance of organizing social networks to mobilize social support for pandemic preparedness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100562"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}