Vaccine: X最新文献_第5页

Cross-country analysis on HPV vaccination behaviors among health workers and parents: a qualitative report from seven middle-income countries 卫生工作者和家长HPV疫苗接种行为的跨国分析：来自七个中等收入国家的定性报告

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100725

Gulaiim Almatkyzy , Sahil Khan Warsi , Siff Malue Nielsen , Brett J. Craig

Purpose

This article presents a cross-country analysis of qualitative research reports on the barriers and drivers of HPV vaccination-related behavior among parents and health workers in seven middle-income countries using the COM-B theoretical framework. Four reports are from countries that had already introduced the HPV vaccine — Georgia, Moldova, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, while the other three reports are from Kazakhstan, Kosovo, and Tajikistan which were preparing for HPV vaccine introduction in 2023 and 2024.

Results

The cross-country analysis revealed that health workers (HWs), especially specialists like gynecologists and oncologists, were viewed as trusted sources of vaccination information by both parents and HWs. However, HWs faced gaps in HPV vaccine knowledge and communication skills, and these gaps persisted in some form even after training was conducted in countries that had already introduced the HPV vaccine. In addition, these specialists were not always included when training sessions were conducted with family doctors and nurses in preparation for the vaccine's introduction. Parents also experience knowledge gaps, safety concerns, and lack of trust. Parents across countries shared concerns related to HPV vaccine safety and effectiveness and were often exposed to misconceptions or misinformation through media and social networks. This was compounded by the lack of a strong and confident recommendation from HWs and poor patient-provider communication.

Conclusions

The analyzed reports highlighted the need for tailored, multi-faceted interventions that account for locally specific issues, influencers, and target groups. Two prominent recommendations posited in the reports were: 1) engaging parents and addressing their concerns at the community level, and 2) ensuring HPV vaccine confidence through HW training and engagement, especially for specialists, and providing access to evidence-based information for HWs and others who influence vaccine acceptance.

目的：本文采用COM-B理论框架，对七个中等收入国家的父母和卫生工作者中HPV疫苗接种相关行为的障碍和驱动因素的定性研究报告进行了跨国分析。四份报告来自已经引入人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的国家——格鲁吉亚、摩尔多瓦、土库曼斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦，而另外三份报告来自哈萨克斯坦、科索沃和塔吉克斯坦，这些国家正准备在2023年和2024年引入人乳头瘤病毒疫苗。结果跨国分析显示，卫生工作者（HWs），特别是妇科医生和肿瘤科医生等专家，被家长和卫生工作者视为疫苗接种信息的可靠来源。然而，卫生工作者在人乳头瘤病毒疫苗知识和沟通技巧方面存在差距，即使在已经引进人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的国家开展培训之后，这些差距仍以某种形式存在。此外，在为准备引进疫苗而与家庭医生和护士进行培训时，这些专家并不总是包括在内。父母也会经历知识差距、安全问题和缺乏信任。各国家长都对HPV疫苗的安全性和有效性感到担忧，并经常通过媒体和社交网络接触到误解或错误信息。卫生服务人员缺乏强有力和自信的建议，以及患者与提供者之间沟通不佳，使情况更加复杂。经分析的报告强调，需要针对当地具体问题、影响者和目标群体采取量身定制的多方面干预措施。报告中提出的两项重要建议是：1)让家长参与并在社区层面解决他们的关切；2)通过卫生工作者的培训和参与，特别是对专家的培训和参与，确保对HPV疫苗的信心，并向卫生工作者和其他影响疫苗接受程度的人提供循证信息。

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引用次数: 0

A natural oil-based nanoadjuvant enhances the immunogenicity of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in an experimental vaccine 一种天然油基纳米佐剂增强了实验性疫苗中产肠毒素大肠杆菌的免疫原性

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100724

María Eugenia Cecchini , Sofía Arsaute , Ivana Dalila Montironi , Dardo Andrés Roma , José Raviolo , Federico Ruiz Moreno , Belkys Maletto , Nahuel Matías Camacho , Fernando Javier Mañas , Romina Valeria Bellingeri , Laura Noelia Cariddi

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the leading cause of post-weaning diarrhea in piglets. The development of novel adjuvanted vaccines that can be administered directly to piglets remains a priority for the swine industry. Minthostachys verticillata essential oil (EO) has shown adjuvant effects, but its poor stability and solubility limit its use, that could be solved by emulsification. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an EO-based nanoadjuvant to enhance the immunogenicity of ETEC in an experimental vaccine using mice as a preliminary model. A nanoemulsion (NEO) was formulated with EO (20 % v/v), Tween 80 (0.75 % v/v), and Span 60 (0.25 % w/v) using a high-energy method. The interaction between NEO and ETEC was analyzed by a scanning electron microscope. Experimental vaccines were prepared with inactivated ETEC strain combined with NEO (0.5, 0.75, and 1 mg/mL of EO) or EO (1 mg/mL) as adjuvants. Controls included Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant (IFA), Tween 80/Span 60 as a vehicle control, saline, and non-adjuvanted formulations. Balb/c mice were subcutaneously injected with the experimental vaccines, with four doses administered every 14 days. Antigen-specific antibody titers (IgG, IgG1, IgG2a), opsonizing capacity, and CD4⁺/CD69⁺ and CD8⁺/CD69⁺ T cells activation were evaluated. Splenic mononuclear cell proliferation and cytokine production (IFN-γ and IL-10) were also measured. Hepatic enzyme levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were assessed to evaluate toxicity. NEO induced anti-ETEC IgG with significant opsonizing potential, increase in the percentage of CD4⁺/CD69⁺ and CD8⁺/CD69⁺ T cells, and production of IFN-γ. It caused no local reactogenicity, did not alter hepatic enzyme levels, and did not increase MDA concentrations. In conclusion, NEO demonstrated adjuvant potential, activating both humoral and cellular immune responses against ETEC without evidence of toxicity.

产肠毒素大肠杆菌（ETEC）是仔猪断奶后腹泻的主要原因。新型佐剂疫苗的发展，可以直接给小猪施用仍然是养猪业的优先事项。乳香精油具有一定的佐剂作用，但其稳定性和溶解度较差，限制了其应用，可采用乳化法加以解决。本研究旨在以小鼠为初步模型，评价以eo为基础的纳米佐剂对ETEC实验性疫苗免疫原性的增强作用。以EO （20% v/v）、Tween 80 （0.75% v/v）和Span 60 （0.25% w/v）为原料，采用高能法制备纳米乳液（NEO）。用扫描电镜分析了NEO与ETEC的相互作用。以灭活ETEC菌株联合NEO（0.5、0.75和1 mg/mL EO）或EO （1 mg/mL）作为佐剂制备实验疫苗。对照组包括不完全弗氏佐剂（IFA）、Tween 80/Span 60作为对照、生理盐水和非佐剂配方。Balb/c小鼠皮下注射实验疫苗，每14天注射4次。评估抗原特异性抗体滴度（IgG, IgG1, IgG2a），调理能力，CD4+/CD69+和CD8+/CD69+ T细胞活化。同时测定脾脏单核细胞增殖和细胞因子（IFN-γ、IL-10）的产生。评估肝酶水平和丙二醛（MDA）浓度以评估毒性。NEO诱导的抗etec IgG具有显著的活化电位，CD4+/CD69+和CD8+/CD69+ T细胞百分比增加，IFN-γ产生。它不引起局部反应原性，不改变肝酶水平，也不增加丙二醛浓度。总之，NEO显示出佐剂潜力，激活针对ETEC的体液和细胞免疫反应，无毒性证据。

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引用次数: 0

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale: Psychometric properties and validation among pregnant and breastfeeding persons and parents COVID-19疫苗犹豫量表：孕妇和哺乳者及父母的心理测量特性和验证

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100720

Heidi Sze Lok Fan , Edmond Pui Hang Choi , Elizabeth Keys , Rishma Chooniedass , Stephanie Masina , Alex Halonen , Kalysse Mantai , Marie Tarrant

Introduction

The Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS) was developed by the World Health Organization's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) to examine parents' vaccine hesitancy toward childhood vaccines. The VHS has been validated and modified to assess vaccine hesitancy toward specific vaccines, including influenza and human papillomavirus vaccines, but not the COVID-19 vaccine. The objective of this study is to validate a modified VHS for the COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant and breastfeeding persons, and parents of children under 12 years of age.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in British Columbia, Canada from October to December 2021. A total of 1510 participants including pregnant and breastfeeding persons, and parents of children <12 years of age were included in the analysis. Participants completed questionnaires tailored to their respective groups based on self-identification. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess the original VHS structure. The data were then randomly split into training and validation sets for exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Factor structure, internal construct validity, internal consistency, and known-group validity were evaluated.

Results

The original VHS model showed a poor fit. Exploratory factor analysis identified a revised one-factor model (VHS-COVID19), which showed satisfactory fit in the validation sample for pregnant participants (comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.999; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.041; standardized root mean squared residual [SRMR] = 0.008; Tucker-Lewis Index [TLI] = 0.997), breastfeeding participants (CFI = 0.995; RMAEA = 0.089; SRMR = 0.006; TLI = 0.990) and parent participants (CFI = 0.995; RMAEA = 0.080; SRMR = 0.004; TLI = 0.992). The revised scale comprised five items for pregnant and breastfeeding participants and six for parent participants. VHS-COVID19 showed high internal construct validity and reliability.

Conclusions

The VHS-COVID19 shows adequate psychometric performance for assessing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among pregnant, breastfeeding persons, and parents. It is easy to administer and can be used by healthcare providers to rapidly assess vaccine hesitancy of the targeted population in clinical settings.

疫苗犹豫量表（VHS）是由世界卫生组织免疫战略咨询专家组（SAGE）制定的，用于检查父母对儿童疫苗的犹豫。VHS已经过验证和修改，以评估疫苗对特定疫苗的犹豫性，包括流感和人乳头瘤病毒疫苗，但不包括COVID-19疫苗。本研究的目的是在孕妇和哺乳者以及12岁以下儿童的父母中验证改进的COVID-19疫苗VHS。方法于2021年10 - 12月在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省进行横断面调查。共有1510名参与者，包括孕妇和母乳喂养者，以及12岁儿童的父母被纳入分析。参与者根据自我认同完成了针对各自群体的调查问卷。采用验证性因子分析对原始VHS结构进行评估。然后将数据随机分为探索性和验证性因素分析的训练集和验证集。评估因子结构、内部构念效度、内部一致性及已知组效度。结果原VHS模型拟合较差。探索性因子分析建立了改进的单因素模型（vhs - covid），孕妇（比较拟合指数[CFI] = 0.999，近似均方根误差[RMSEA] = 0.041，标准化均方根残差[SRMR] = 0.008，塔克- lewis指数[TLI] = 0.997）、母乳喂养参与者（CFI = 0.995, RMAEA = 0.089, SRMR = 0.006, TLI = 0.990）和父母参与者（CFI = 0.995, RMAEA = 0.080, SRMR = 0.004, RMAEA = 0.09）与验证样本拟合良好。tli = 0.992)。修订后的量表包括孕妇和哺乳期参与者的5个项目和父母参与者的6个项目。VHS-COVID19具有较高的内部结构效度和信度。结论VHS-COVID19在评估孕妇、哺乳期人员和父母的COVID-19疫苗犹豫方面表现良好。它易于管理，可由卫生保健提供者在临床环境中用于快速评估目标人群的疫苗犹豫。

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引用次数: 0

Potential health impact and cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccination in Tunisia: A comparative modeling study 突尼斯人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种的潜在健康影响和成本效益：一项比较模型研究

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100712

Oumaima Laraj , Beya Benzina , Ahlem Gzara , Amira Kebir , Kaja Abbas , Slimane BenMiled

Background:

Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers affecting women especially in low- and middle income countries and is caused by persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV vaccination can significantly reduce the cervical cancer burden. However, HPV vaccination is not yet included in the Tunisian immunization program. To inform decision-making on HPV vaccine introduction in Tunisia, we conducted a comparative modeling study to project the health impact and cost-effectiveness of four HPV vaccines (Cecolin, Cervarix, Gardasil, 4, and Gardasil-9) targeted to 12-year-old girls in 2025.

Methods:

We used two static cohort models (UNIVAC and Papillomavirus Rapid Interface for Modeling and Economics (PRIME)) to estimate the health and economic impact of HPV vaccination from the health system and societal perspectives. Our data inputs to the model include demography and cervical cancer burden as well as unit costs for treatment, vaccines, and vaccine delivery. We estimated health impact in terms of cases, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) averted by HPV vaccination, and economic impact in terms of vaccination costs, treatment costs saved, net cost, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs).

Results:

We estimated that Cecolin is the most cost-effective HPV vaccine in Tunisia, particularly when cross-protection is considered. Despite Cervarix offering greater health benefits of 70% versus 62% reductions in cervical cancer cases and deaths at 87% coverage, Cecolin has lower net costs and is more favorable across different willingness-to-pay (WTP) thresholds. At a WTP of USD 1169 per DALY averted (30% of Tunisia’s GDP per capita), Cecolin and Cervarix demonstrate similar probabilities of being cost-effective.

Conclusion:

Based on the vaccine impact estimates generated by the UNIVAC and PRIME models, we inferred that the four HPV vaccines (Cecolin, Cervarix Gardasil,4, and Gardasil-9) were cost-effective in the Tunisian context. This evidence is useful to inform HPV vaccine introduction in Tunisia.

背景：宫颈癌是影响妇女的最普遍的癌症之一，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家，是由人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）持续感染引起的。接种人乳头瘤病毒疫苗可显著减轻子宫颈癌的负担。然而，HPV疫苗接种尚未包括在突尼斯免疫规划中。为了为突尼斯引入HPV疫苗的决策提供信息，我们进行了一项比较模型研究，以预测2025年针对12岁女孩的四种HPV疫苗（Cecolin, Cervarix, Gardasil， 4和Gardasil-9）的健康影响和成本效益。方法：我们使用两个静态队列模型（UNIVAC和乳头瘤病毒快速建模和经济学接口（PRIME））从卫生系统和社会角度估计HPV疫苗接种的健康和经济影响。我们对模型的数据输入包括人口统计学和宫颈癌负担，以及治疗、疫苗和疫苗交付的单位成本。我们从HPV疫苗接种避免的病例、死亡和残疾调整生命年（DALYs）方面估计了健康影响，从疫苗接种成本、节省的治疗成本、净成本和增量成本-效果比（ICERs）方面估计了经济影响。结果：我们估计Cecolin是突尼斯最具成本效益的HPV疫苗，特别是考虑到交叉保护时。尽管Cervarix提供了更大的健康效益，在87%的覆盖率下，宫颈癌病例和死亡减少了70%，而Cecolin的净成本更低，并且在不同的支付意愿（WTP）阈值上更有利。每个DALY所避免的WTP为1169美元（相当于突尼斯人均GDP的30%），Cecolin和Cervarix显示出相似的成本效益可能性。结论：根据UNIVAC和PRIME模型产生的疫苗影响估计，我们推断四种HPV疫苗（Cecolin, Cervarix Gardasil，4和Gardasil-9）在突尼斯的情况下具有成本效益。这一证据有助于为突尼斯引入HPV疫苗提供信息。

{"title":"Potential health impact and cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccination in Tunisia: A comparative modeling study","authors":"Oumaima Laraj , Beya Benzina , Ahlem Gzara , Amira Kebir , Kaja Abbas , Slimane BenMiled","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background:</h3><div>Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers affecting women especially in low- and middle income countries and is caused by persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV vaccination can significantly reduce the cervical cancer burden. However, HPV vaccination is not yet included in the Tunisian immunization program. To inform decision-making on HPV vaccine introduction in Tunisia, we conducted a comparative modeling study to project the health impact and cost-effectiveness of four HPV vaccines (Cecolin, Cervarix, Gardasil, 4, and Gardasil-9) targeted to 12-year-old girls in 2025.</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>We used two static cohort models (UNIVAC and Papillomavirus Rapid Interface for Modeling and Economics (PRIME)) to estimate the health and economic impact of HPV vaccination from the health system and societal perspectives. Our data inputs to the model include demography and cervical cancer burden as well as unit costs for treatment, vaccines, and vaccine delivery. We estimated health impact in terms of cases, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) averted by HPV vaccination, and economic impact in terms of vaccination costs, treatment costs saved, net cost, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs).</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>We estimated that Cecolin is the most cost-effective HPV vaccine in Tunisia, particularly when cross-protection is considered. Despite Cervarix offering greater health benefits of 70% versus 62% reductions in cervical cancer cases and deaths at 87% coverage, Cecolin has lower net costs and is more favorable across different willingness-to-pay (WTP) thresholds. At a WTP of USD 1169 per DALY averted (30% of Tunisia’s GDP per capita), Cecolin and Cervarix demonstrate similar probabilities of being cost-effective.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion:</h3><div>Based on the vaccine impact estimates generated by the UNIVAC and PRIME models, we inferred that the four HPV vaccines (Cecolin, Cervarix Gardasil,4, and Gardasil-9) were cost-effective in the Tunisian context. This evidence is useful to inform HPV vaccine introduction in Tunisia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Durability of neutralizing antibody and T-cell responses in COVID-19 patients after infection and booster vaccination COVID-19患者感染和加强疫苗接种后中和抗体和t细胞反应的持久性

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100718

Lin Yao , Xiao-Lin Jiang , Jun-Xia Cao , Qiang Guo , Meng-Na Wu , Shu-Zhi Wu , Li-Jun Duan , Yuan Shen , Bing-Dong Zhan , Jun-Fen Lin , Ming-Dong Jiang , Hong-Hong Peng , Yu-Wei Zhang , Guo-Jian Yang , Xue-Dong Song , Chao Shi , Ji-Yan Zhang , Wen-Guo Jiang , Mai-Juan Ma

Determining the durability of immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination is critical for understanding immune protection upon reinfection and optimizing vaccine design. We measured SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and T-cell responses in COVID-19 convalescent patients up to 14 months after infection and COVID-19 convalescents who received two doses of BBIBP-CorV at 6-month intervals. We observed that most convalescents had durable neutralizing antibody and T-cell responses against the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain at least 14 months after infection. Administering a booster dose to convalescent patients significantly increased neutralizing antibodies against the Wuhan strain, but neutralization activity against Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, and BA.4/BA.5 was significantly decreased. Six months after the first dose vaccination, the neutralizing antibody levels significantly declined and were not further enhanced by a second dose. Omicron BA.1-specific T-cell responses were detectable in most convalescent patients and were not significantly affected by vaccination. These analyses provide insights into the durability of the immune response after infection and hybrid immunization and may be relevant for future vaccine strategies.

确定SARS-CoV-2感染或疫苗接种后免疫的持久性对于了解再感染后的免疫保护和优化疫苗设计至关重要。我们测量了感染后14个月的COVID-19恢复期患者和每隔6个月接受两剂BBIBP-CorV的COVID-19恢复期患者的sars - cov -2特异性抗体和t细胞反应。我们观察到，大多数康复者在感染后至少14个月对SARS-CoV-2武汉株有持久的中和抗体和t细胞反应。恢复期患者给予加强剂量后，抗武汉株的中和抗体显著增加，但抗欧米克隆ba1 .1、ba2 .2、ba2.12.1和ba4 /BA的中和活性明显增加。5显著降低。第一剂疫苗接种后6个月，中和抗体水平显著下降，第二剂疫苗接种后未进一步增强。在大多数恢复期患者中可检测到Omicron ba .1特异性t细胞反应，并且接种疫苗不显著影响。这些分析为感染和混合免疫后免疫反应的持久性提供了见解，并可能与未来的疫苗策略相关。

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引用次数: 0

COVID-19 and influenza vaccination among adults stably engaged in HIV care 在稳定从事艾滋病毒护理的成年人中接种COVID-19和流感疫苗

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100719

Grazia Alessio , Drieda Zaçe , Christopher Jones , Andrea Di Lorenzo , Alessandra Imeneo , Vincenzo Malagnino , Elisabetta Teti , Loredana Sarmati , Alessandra Ruggiero , Marco Iannetta , Anna Maria Geretti , EVAN-CoV-Study Group

Introduction

Vaccination against COVID-19 and influenza is recommended for people living with HIV, but real-world uptake data remain incomplete, especially in populations facing socioeconomic barriers. We assessed uptake and associated factors at an HIV outpatient centre serving a socioeconomically disadvantaged area of Rome. Participants were in stable HIV care and were encouraged to receive vaccination at no cost, at a location of choice. COVID-19 vaccination was initially available both on-site and externally; influenza vaccination was only available externally.

Methods

We analysed a random 50 % sample of 750 adults, retrieving data from the vaccination registry and medical records. Full COVID-19 vaccination was defined as primary vaccination plus

\geq

1 additional dose. Logistic regression identified factors associated with uptake.

Results

Between December 2020 and July 2024, 331/375 (88.3 %) participants received primary COVID-19 vaccination (typically two mRNA vaccine doses 3–4 weeks apart) and 286/375 (76.3 %) received ≥1 additional dose, with most vaccinations occurring before September 2023. Odds of full vaccination were lower among participants <50 years and heterosexual men and women (vs. men who have sex with men). Other associated factors included migrant background, injecting drug use, history of advanced immunosuppression, HIV viraemia, and CD4 <500 cells/mm³. Influenza vaccination uptake (2022/2023) was low (99/375, 26.4 %), although almost 4-fold higher among those vaccinated against COVID-19.

Conclusions

Disparities in COVID-19 vaccine coverage and suboptimal influenza vaccination uptake persist among adults stably engaged in HIV care. Addressing barriers, particularly in those with additional vulnerabilities, and integrating vaccination into HIV services may improve uptake and reduce preventable illness.

建议艾滋病毒感染者接种COVID-19和流感疫苗，但实际数据仍然不完整，特别是在面临社会经济障碍的人群中。我们评估了罗马社会经济弱势地区艾滋病门诊中心的吸收情况和相关因素。参与者得到稳定的艾滋病毒护理，并被鼓励在选择的地点免费接种疫苗。最初可在现场和外部同时接种COVID-19疫苗；流感疫苗只能在外部接种。方法对750名成年人随机抽取50%的样本进行分析，从疫苗接种登记和医疗记录中检索数据。完整的COVID-19疫苗接种定义为初次接种加≥1剂额外接种。逻辑回归确定了与摄取相关的因素。结果在2020年12月至2024年7月期间，331/375（88.3%）的参与者接受了COVID-19初次疫苗接种（通常间隔3-4周两次mRNA疫苗剂量），286/375（76.3%）的参与者接受了≥1次额外剂量，大多数疫苗接种发生在2023年9月之前。在50岁以上的异性恋男女（与男男性行为者相比）中，完全接种疫苗的几率较低。其他相关因素包括移民背景、注射吸毒、晚期免疫抑制史、HIV病毒血症和CD4 500细胞/mm3。流感疫苗接种率（2022/2023）较低（99/375,26.4%），但COVID-19疫苗接种率高出近4倍。结论在稳定参与艾滋病毒护理的成年人中，COVID-19疫苗覆盖率和流感疫苗接种率的差异仍然存在。消除障碍，特别是在那些有额外脆弱性的人群中，并将疫苗接种纳入艾滋病毒服务，可能会改善接种情况并减少可预防疾病。

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引用次数: 0

HPV knowledge, vaccination uptake, and information access among adolescents aged 15–19 in France 法国15-19岁青少年的HPV知识、疫苗接种和信息获取

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100717

Priscille Dumortier , Élise Frain , Nathan Peiffer-Smadja

Introduction

Sexual health information for young people is a global public health issue. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection. In France, vaccination was extended to girls and in 2019, but coverage remains low. This study assessed knowledge about HPV, vaccination, means of protection, and sources of information among adolescents, and analyzed predictors of vaccination.

Method

This was an observational cross-sectional survey among girls and boys aged 15–19 in six secondary schools in France. The study was carried out as part of the mandatory health promotion program for third-year medical students.

Results

All 357 questionnaires were completed (100 % response rate). Girls were more likely to be informed about HPV than boys, with 67 % (159/238) of girls reporting prior information compared with 44 % (52/119) of boys (p < 0.001). Vaccination uptake was higher among girls, with 40 % (95/238) vaccinated compared with 21 % (25/119) of boys (p < 0.001). Vaccination was significantly more frequent in schools with a higher social position score (p < 0.01). Overall knowledge about HPV was low without significant differences by gender, age, or school. Only 179/357 (50 %) adolescents knew that both girls and boys are affected by HPV, and only 218/357 (61 %) cited vaccination as protection. Social networks were the preferred means of communication about HPV for young people (270/357, 76 %), followed by advertisements on television or public transport (145/357, 41 %).

Conclusion

General practitioners play a central role in informing young people about sexual health and HPV. Promoting information through social networks and public campaigns, seldom used for HPV, was encouraged by high school students.

青少年性健康信息是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。HPV是最常见的性传播感染。在法国，疫苗接种已扩展到女孩，2019年，但覆盖率仍然很低。本研究评估了青少年关于HPV、疫苗接种、保护手段和信息来源的知识，并分析了疫苗接种的预测因素。方法对法国6所中学15-19岁的男女学生进行观察性横断面调查。这项研究是三年级医学生强制性健康促进计划的一部分。结果357份问卷全部完成，回复率100%。女孩比男孩更有可能被告知HPV， 67%（159/238）的女孩报告先前的信息，而44%（52/119）的男孩报告先前的信息（p < 0.001）。女孩的疫苗接种率较高，为40%(95/238)，而男孩为21% (25/119)（p < 0.001）。社会地位评分较高的学校，接种频率显著高于其他学校（p < 0.01）。关于HPV的总体知识很低，没有性别、年龄或学校的显著差异。只有179/357（50%）的青少年知道女孩和男孩都受到HPV的影响，只有218/357（61%）的青少年认为接种疫苗是保护措施。社交网络是年轻人最喜欢的HPV传播方式（270/ 357,76 %），其次是电视广告或公共交通工具（145/ 357,41 %）。结论全科医生在青少年性健康和HPV知识宣传中发挥着核心作用。高中生鼓励通过社交网络和公共活动宣传信息，这些信息很少用于HPV。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of measles vaccination on disease severity and economic burden among children in northern Vietnam, 2017–2019 2017-2019年越南北部麻疹疫苗接种对儿童疾病严重程度和经济负担的影响

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100714

Hoang Dinh Phi , Tran Ngoc Ca , Pham Mai Oanh , Nguyen Thien Phong , Ong Thinh , Pham Thi Hong Nhung

The measles vaccine has a profound impact, significantly reducing incidence and morbidity. However, challenges in achieving high vaccination coverage have resulted in substantial burdens on child health and financial hardship for households. This study evaluates the protective effects of measles vaccination against severity and mortality in Northern Vietnam from 2017 to 2019 and related economics of vaccination.

We conducted a retrospective analysis of all laboratory-confirmed measles cases admitted to Vietnam National Children Hospital (VNCH), estimating odds ratios between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups while considering disease severity, mortality, and potential confounders. We also analyzed cost - benefit using data from two sources, including VNCH data and National Infectious Disease Surveillance System.

Among 2064 inpatients, vaccinated children exhibited fewer pneumonia complications and shorter hospitalization duration. Vaccination significantly reduced the risk of severity and mortality with an adjusted OR = 0.46 (0.28–0.72). Treatment costs were significantly lower in the vaccinated group compared to the unvaccinated group. Cost – benefit analysis show that vaccination can save for 4.98 USD to 26.20 USD per measle case with prior vaccination.

Vaccination significantly reduces severe disease risk, pneumonia complications, and treatment costs. Expanding vaccination coverage (including children, young mothers and women of childbearing age) and targeted financial support in high-risk areas are essential for improving health outcomes and alleviating economic burdens on families.

麻疹疫苗具有深远的影响，可显著降低发病率和发病率。然而，在实现高疫苗接种覆盖率方面的挑战给儿童健康带来了沉重负担，并给家庭带来了经济困难。本研究评估了2017年至2019年越南北部麻疹疫苗接种对严重程度和死亡率的保护作用以及疫苗接种的相关经济学。我们对越南国立儿童医院（VNCH）收治的所有实验室确诊麻疹病例进行了回顾性分析，在考虑疾病严重程度、死亡率和潜在混杂因素的情况下，估计了接种疫苗组和未接种疫苗组之间的优势比。我们还使用两个来源的数据分析了成本效益，包括VNCH数据和国家传染病监测系统。在2064例住院患者中，接种疫苗的儿童肺炎并发症较少，住院时间较短。接种疫苗显著降低了严重程度和死亡率的风险，校正OR = 0.46（0.28-0.72）。与未接种疫苗组相比，接种疫苗组的治疗费用显著降低。成本效益分析表明，事先接种麻疹疫苗可为每例麻疹患者节省4.98 ~ 26.20美元。疫苗接种可显著降低严重疾病风险、肺炎并发症和治疗费用。扩大疫苗接种覆盖面（包括儿童、年轻母亲和育龄妇女）并在高风险地区提供有针对性的财政支持，对于改善健康结果和减轻家庭经济负担至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding motivation and experience in participating in a paediatric SARS-CoV-2 serosurvey, in Australia 了解参与澳大利亚儿童SARS-CoV-2血清调查的动机和经验

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100716

Archana Koirala , Shayal A. Prasad , Philip N. Britton , Nicholas Wood , Peter C. Richmond , Brendan McMullan , Nigel W. Crawford , Helen S. Marshall , Laura Francis , Michelle Wills , Emma Leighton , Kristine Macartney , Katarzyna Bolsewicz , On behalf of the PAEDS Serosurvey Group

Objectives

Serosurveys are considered as a valuable tool in estimating population immunity and infection rates but recruitment of children to provide paediatric estimates can be challenging. A novel approach of sampling children undergoing anaesthesia was utilised for a SARS-CoV-2 serosurvey in Australian children and we explore the reasons for participation, feedback on the approach and importance of research into Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19).

Design

This cross-sectional, nationally representative serosurvey recruited children aged 0–19 years undergoing an anaesthetic procedure from eight paediatric hospitals between 8 June to 31 August 2022. Guardians or participants (18–19 years) were invited, upon receiving their results, to provide an online survey. A qualitative thematic approach was used to analyse the free-text responses.

Results

Feedback was provided by 15.7 % (323/2046) participants. Reasons for participating included contributing to research (67/323 responders) and curiosity about SARS-CoV-2 immunity (65/323 responders). The opportunistic sampling method was well-received, convenient, and minimally disruptive. Responders emphasised the importance of research on COVID-19 in children, highlighting the need to understand the long-term impact of the virus and to inform vaccination decisions.

Conclusion

There are challenges in conducting ethical, low-burden cross sectional serosurveys in children in a vast country like Australia. This approach not only contributed to the collection of a large paediatric sample size but also supports the use of this method in future serosurveys.

目的血清调查被认为是估计人群免疫力和感染率的一种有价值的工具，但招募儿童提供儿科估计可能具有挑战性。采用一种新颖的方法对接受麻醉的儿童进行抽样，对澳大利亚儿童进行SARS-CoV-2血清调查，我们探讨了参与的原因、对方法的反馈以及研究冠状病毒疾病2019 （COVID-19）的重要性。这项具有全国代表性的横断面血清调查招募了2022年6月8日至8月31日期间在8家儿科医院接受麻醉手术的0-19岁儿童。监护人或参与者（18-19岁）在收到结果后被邀请提供在线调查。采用定性专题方法分析自由文本回复。结果15.7%（323/2046）的参与者提供了反馈。参与的原因包括参与研究（67/323响应者）和对SARS-CoV-2免疫的好奇心（65/323响应者）。机会抽样方法广受好评，方便，破坏性最小。应对者强调了在儿童中开展COVID-19研究的重要性，强调需要了解该病毒的长期影响，并为疫苗接种决策提供信息。结论在澳大利亚这样一个幅员辽阔的国家开展道德、低负担的儿童横断面血清调查存在挑战。这种方法不仅有助于收集大量儿科样本，而且还支持在未来的血清调查中使用这种方法。

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引用次数: 0

A qualitative study on vaccination program accessibility for the elderly and medical risk groups in the south of the Netherlands 荷兰南部老年人和医疗风险群体疫苗接种计划可及性的定性研究

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100713

May Nhu Vu , Tjalke Arend Westra , Mickael Hiligsmann

Elderly and medical risk patients face an increased risk of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. However, their vaccination rates are on a decreasing trend in the Netherlands, contrary to public health recommendations. The current vaccination landscape for Dutch adults is complex, with separate programs and many stakeholders involved such as general practitioners (GP), municipal public health (GGD), and hospital specialists. This contributes to reduced access and vaccination rates. This study sought to gain stakeholder insight on how to improve the accessibility and sustainability of vaccine programs for the elderly and medical risk population in Limburg. Nine semi-structured interviews with vaccination stakeholders such as GPs, GGD, academic experts, specialist doctors and patient organizations were conducted. Four vaccine accessibility themes were identified: barriers to access, Limburg particularities, stakeholder roles and responsibilities, and adjustments to improve access and sustainability. Key barriers were vaccine hesitancy, program rigidity and fragmentation, lack of a data-sharing system, complex reimbursement, lack of stakeholder collaboration and trust, and complacency of different parties. Particularities of Limburg that should be considered are its geographical uniqueness and lower education and socioeconomic conditions. Finally, potential improvements were also identified, mainly: centralising to one vaccination stakeholder through GP and GGD collaboration, improving communication to patients, creating a patient data-sharing system, and maximising vaccination opportunities and convenience. Stakeholders held diverse perspectives on barriers to vaccination access. However, their views converged on centralisation at GGD and collaboration with GPs, a solution that may eliminate their weaknesses and combine their strengths. A focus on how to increase collaboration with GPs, trust, and convenience while centralising vaccination is to be prioritised in future research. Furthermore, an online vaccine registry and patient data-sharing system is desired by all parties. These solutions have the potential to reduce program fragmentation, enhance patient convenience and ultimately increase vaccine uptake among high-risk Dutch adult populations.

老年人和医疗风险患者患疫苗可预防传染病的风险增加。然而，与公共卫生建议相反，他们的疫苗接种率在荷兰呈下降趋势。目前荷兰成人的疫苗接种情况很复杂，有独立的项目和许多利益相关者，如全科医生（GP）、市政公共卫生（GGD）和医院专家。这有助于降低获取和疫苗接种率。本研究旨在获得利益相关者对如何提高林堡老年人和医疗风险人群疫苗计划的可及性和可持续性的见解。与全科医生、GGD、学术专家、专科医生和患者组织等疫苗接种利益相关者进行了9次半结构化访谈。确定了四个疫苗可及性主题：可及性障碍、林堡特殊性、利益攸关方的作用和责任，以及为改善可及性和可持续性而进行的调整。主要障碍是疫苗犹豫、规划僵化和碎片化、缺乏数据共享系统、复杂的报销、利益攸关方缺乏协作和信任以及各方的自满。林堡的特殊性应该考虑到它的地理独特性和较低的教育和社会经济条件。最后，还确定了潜在的改进，主要是：通过GP和GGD合作将疫苗接种利益相关者集中到一个疫苗接种利益相关者身上，改善与患者的沟通，创建患者数据共享系统，最大限度地提高疫苗接种机会和便利性。利益攸关方对获得疫苗接种的障碍持不同观点。然而，他们的观点集中在GGD的集中化和与全科医生的合作上，这一解决方案可能会消除他们的弱点，并结合他们的优势。在集中接种疫苗的同时，如何加强与全科医生的合作、信任和便利将是未来研究的重点。此外，各方都希望建立一个在线疫苗注册和患者数据共享系统。这些解决方案有可能减少项目的碎片化，提高患者的便利性，并最终增加高危荷兰成年人群的疫苗接种率。

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引用次数: 0