Vaccine: X最新文献

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Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding HPV and its vaccine among Bangladeshi men: a qualitative study 孟加拉国男性关于人乳头瘤病毒及其疫苗的知识、态度和做法：一项定性研究

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100775

Naharin Sultana Anni , Elizabeth Alvarez , Zain Chagla , Syed Muhammad Baqui Billah , Lawrence Mbuagbaw

Introduction

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sextually transmitted infection in Bangladesh, affecting both men and women. While the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) prevalence among women is well-documented, there is a significant gap in understanding men's KAP regarding HPV and its vaccine. In this study, we assessed the KAP of Bangladeshi men regarding HPV and its vaccine.

Methods

We conducted a qualitative cross-sectional study with 30 men aged 16 and above from Dhaka and Barishal in Bangladesh from July 01, 2023, to August 31, 2023. Participants were general population, healthcare workers (HWs) and policymakers. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling and interviewed face to face or via zoom using a semi-structured guide. Data were analyzed using NVivo 14 and thematic content analysis using the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a guide.

Results

We found limited knowledge about HPV and its vaccine among Bangladeshi men, particularly concerning the infection's impact. HWs and policymakers, although more informed, still demonstrated some misconceptions. A general positive attitude towards vaccination was observed, however, cultural, social, and religious factors were identified as barriers to vaccine acceptance. None of the participants had received the HPV vaccine, though some supported female family members were vaccinated.

Conclusions

Targeted interventions including education and awareness campaigns and gender-neutral vaccination programs are necessary to improve HPV prevention efforts in Bangladesh.

人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是孟加拉国最普遍的性传播感染，影响男性和女性。虽然妇女的知识、态度和做法（KAP）流行情况有据可查，但在了解男性对HPV及其疫苗的KAP方面存在重大差距。在这项研究中，我们评估了孟加拉国男性对HPV及其疫苗的KAP。方法对2023年7月1日至2023年8月31日来自孟加拉国达卡和巴里沙尔的30名16岁及以上男性进行定性横断面研究。参与者为普通人群、卫生保健工作者（HWs）和决策者。参与者通过有目的的抽样招募，面对面或通过使用半结构化指南的缩放采访。数据分析采用NVivo 14，主题内容分析采用健康信念模型（HBM）为指导。结果我们发现孟加拉国男性对HPV及其疫苗的了解有限，特别是关于感染的影响。卫生工作者和政策制定者虽然更了解情况，但仍然表现出一些误解。人们普遍对疫苗接种持积极态度，然而，文化、社会和宗教因素被认为是接受疫苗的障碍。所有参与者都没有接种HPV疫苗，尽管一些受抚养的女性家庭成员接种了HPV疫苗。结论有针对性的干预措施，包括教育和意识运动以及性别中立的疫苗接种规划，对于改善孟加拉国的HPV预防工作是必要的。

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IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

Pneumococcal vaccine coverage and factors linked to second-dose administration in HIV patients in Andalusia (Spain), 2014–2022 2014-2022年安达卢西亚（西班牙）艾滋病毒患者肺炎球菌疫苗覆盖率和与第二次接种相关的因素

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100769

Mishel R. Heredia-Ruiz , José L. Jiménez-Murillo , Rosa Lopez-Gigosos , Ricardo Ocaña-Riola

Introduction

HIV infection remains a major global public health concern. This study aimed to evaluate second-dose pneumococcal vaccine coverage among people with HIV in Andalusia who received the first dose between January 1, 2014, and March 31, 2022; to describe their clinical and social characteristics; and to identify factors associated with receipt of the second dose.

Methodology

A retrospective cohort study was conducted among adults with HIV vaccinated against pneumococcus in the Andalusian Public Health System between 2014 and 2022. Vaccination coverage was estimated using Kaplan–Meier curves, and factors associated with receipt of the second dose were assessed using Cox regression models.

Results

Of the 4938 participants, 83.9% were men. Coverage of the second dose was 37.2% at one year and 80% by the end of follow-up. No factors were associated with vaccine adherence in women, whereas in men, having sex with men, being treated in a high-resolution hospital, and living in an area in need of social transformation were linked to higher likelihood of receiving the second dose.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the need to strengthen vaccination adherence by addressing both individual and health-system factors, and to develop targeted strategies to improve pneumococcal vaccine coverage among people living with HIV.

艾滋病毒感染仍然是一个主要的全球公共卫生问题。该研究旨在评估2014年1月1日至2022年3月31日期间接受第一剂的安达卢西亚艾滋病毒感染者的第二剂肺炎球菌疫苗覆盖率；描述他们的临床和社会特征；并确定与接受第二剂疫苗有关的因素。方法对2014 - 2022年安达卢西亚公共卫生系统中接种过肺炎球菌疫苗的成人HIV感染者进行回顾性队列研究。使用Kaplan-Meier曲线估计疫苗接种覆盖率，并使用Cox回归模型评估与接受第二次剂量相关的因素。结果4938名参与者中，83.9%为男性。第二次接种的覆盖率在一年时为37.2%，在随访结束时为80%。在女性中，没有任何因素与疫苗依从性有关，而在男性中，与男性发生性关系、在高分辨率医院接受治疗以及生活在需要社会转型的地区与接受第二剂疫苗的可能性较高有关。这些发现强调需要通过解决个人和卫生系统因素来加强疫苗接种依从性，并制定有针对性的策略来提高艾滋病毒感染者的肺炎球菌疫苗覆盖率。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of vaccination justifications on compliance and social polarization: A repeated cross-sectional study in eight countries 疫苗接种理由对依从性和社会两极分化的影响：在8个国家进行的重复横断面研究

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100766

Tomoyuki Kobayashi , Michio Murakami , Asako Miura

Risk communication recommending infection prevention actions could encourage compliance but may intensify conflicts of opinion toward infection prevention actions. This study addressed five reasons that justify vaccination in COVID-19 and examined their impact on compliance intent and opinions as well as on bias in intergroup attitudes based on differences in opinions toward vaccination. The study was designed as four repeated cross-sectional online surveys covering eight countries (Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, China, Korea, Germany, Italy, and South Africa). The survey periods covered July and October 2023 and January and April 2024 (post-pandemic). A modified Poisson regression analysis was conducted on the effect of justifications on compliance intent, and a multiple regression analysis was conducted on the impact of justifications on the opinions tendency. In addition, multiple regression analysis was conducted on the effect of justifications on intergroup bias based on disagreement, focusing on the vaccine-accepting group. The results showed that justifications for vaccination, such as preventing harm to others, self-protection, reducing the number of infections and deaths in society, and social norms, have ambivalent effects; they tend to promote compliance intent and opinions tendency while worsening attitudes toward those with different opinions about vaccination. However, the justifications because of penalties was confirmed to reduce negative attitudes toward those with different opinions, while not promoting compliance intent or opinions tendency toward vaccination. When risk communication using infection protection and social norm perspectives is conducted, it is important to simultaneously design and advocate interventions to mitigate intergroup conflicts based on opinions toward infection prevention actions.

风险沟通建议感染预防行动可以鼓励遵守，但可能会加剧对感染预防行动的意见冲突。本研究探讨了在COVID-19中接种疫苗的五个理由，并研究了它们对依从性意图和意见的影响，以及基于对疫苗接种意见差异的群体间态度偏见。该研究设计为四个重复的横断面在线调查，涵盖八个国家（日本、英国、美国、中国、韩国、德国、意大利和南非）。调查期间为2023年7月和10月以及2024年1月和4月（大流行后）。对理由对依从意向的影响进行修正泊松回归分析，对理由对意见倾向的影响进行多元回归分析。此外，以疫苗接受组为研究对象，对基于不同意见的论证对组间偏倚的影响进行多元回归分析。结果表明，接种疫苗的理由，如防止伤害他人、自我保护、减少社会感染和死亡人数以及社会规范，具有矛盾的作用；他们倾向于促进依从性意向和意见倾向，而恶化对疫苗接种持不同意见者的态度。然而，由于处罚的理由被证实可以减少对持不同意见的人的消极态度，而不会促进疫苗接种的依从性意图或意见倾向。当从感染保护和社会规范的角度进行风险沟通时，重要的是同时设计和倡导干预措施，以减轻基于感染预防行动意见的群体间冲突。

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引用次数: 0

AderVax: Factors related to the acceptance or rejection of the COVID-19 vaccine in 8 cities in Colombia for the development of an intervention AderVax：哥伦比亚8个城市为制定干预措施而接受或拒绝COVID-19疫苗的相关因素

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100767

Laura Juliana Valderrama-Orbegozo , Laura Julieth Ramírez-Lasprilla , Diana Estefanny Arce-Leonel , Michell Rezene Tesfamariam-Ortega , David Javier Fortich-Pérez

Since the pandemic began, the COVID-19 vaccination has faced various challenges, including population hesitancy; these can be explained due to multiple factors that require further exploration. This study analyzes factors associated with either the acceptance or rejection of the COVID-19 vaccine as well as the intention to initiate or to complete vaccination schedules in individuals over the age of 18; individuals from eight cities in Colombia. The study encompasses both urban and rural areas, seeking to develop an intervention strategy. A total of 3384 individuals participated in a mixed-methods study which applied the DESVAAC scale and involved focus groups. Results show that only 11.3% of participants were highly motivated, intending to start or to continue vaccination. The health factor was significantly associated with greater intention (p < 0.01) as compared to social or vaccine-related factors. Greater likelihood of vaccination was also associated with higher education (p < 0.01), greater age (p < 0.02), living with people with chronic conditions (p < 0.05), or cohabiting with individuals over 50 years of age (p < 0.028). Family support (82.9%) and observing others vaccinate (74.1%) were key motivators. Paucity of knowledge regarding vaccines was identified as an important factor, while decisions were also influenced by social, family, and health factors. Also, within the context of a pandemic, there were certain mandatory requirements. The study highlights that community leaders, media and cultural aspects significantly influenced the decision to get vaccinated. It is considered essential to strengthen coordinated efforts between government entities, social leaders, and the community; promoting increased training and education in order to support informed decision-making regarding vaccination within the context of social responsibility. Finally, the psychoeducational intervention strategy VACtívate was designed and implemented; targeting healthcare personnel, social leaders, and health authorities in order to better promote informed vaccination.

自大流行开始以来，COVID-19疫苗接种面临各种挑战，包括人群犹豫不决；这可以由需要进一步探索的多种因素来解释。本研究分析了与接受或拒绝COVID-19疫苗以及18岁以上个体启动或完成疫苗接种计划的意图相关的因素；来自哥伦比亚八个城市的人。这项研究涵盖了城市和农村地区，旨在制定一项干预策略。采用DESVAAC量表和焦点小组参与的混合方法研究共3384人。结果显示，只有11.3%的参与者积极性高，打算开始或继续接种疫苗。与社会或疫苗相关因素相比，健康因素与更大的意向显著相关（p < 0.01）。较高的疫苗接种可能性还与高等教育（p < 0.01）、较大的年龄（p < 0.02）、与慢性病患者生活在一起（p < 0.05）或与50岁以上的人同居（p < 0.028）相关。家庭支持（82.9%）和观察他人接种（74.1%）是主要激励因素。缺乏关于疫苗的知识被认为是一个重要因素，而决定也受到社会、家庭和健康因素的影响。此外，在大流行病的情况下，还有某些强制性要求。该研究强调，社区领导人、媒体和文化方面对接种疫苗的决定产生了重大影响。必须加强政府实体、社会领袖和社区之间的协调努力；促进加强培训和教育，以便在社会责任范围内支持有关疫苗接种的知情决策。最后，设计并实施心理教育干预策略VACtívate；以卫生保健人员、社会领袖和卫生当局为目标，以便更好地促进知情接种。

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引用次数: 0

Progress in the prevention of group B Streptococcus 预防B群链球菌的进展

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100761

Shuang Gao, Xiaona Wang, Xiaojuan Sun, Kangyi Li

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a significant bacterial pathogen that poses substantial health risks, particularly among neonates and pregnant women. It is responsible for a range of severe infections, including sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis, which can lead to high morbidity and mortality rates in these vulnerable populations. Therefore, the prevention of GBS and the implementation of necessary measures to prevent its progression to invasive GBS disease are of critical importance. Prior to the introduction of vaccines, intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) was considered the primary preventive strategy, as it effectively reduced the incidence of early-onset GBS (EOGBS) infection, defined as infection occurring within the first seven days of life. Moreover, it has notable limitations. The IAP is not only ineffective in preventing late-onset GBS (LOGBS, manifesting between the eighth day and the first three months of life) infections but also unlikely to prevent neonatal infections associated with stillbirth, preterm birth, or the early postnatal period. The widespread use of IAP may not only contribute to the emergence of antibiotic resistance due to excessive antibiotic exposure, but also exert detrimental effects on the neonatal microbiome. The development of effective GBS vaccines has therefore become a critical priority in modern medicine. This review delves into the intricate and multifaceted nature of GBS vaccines, beginning with an exploration of their antigenic targets. Antigens are fundamental components of vaccines because they stimulate the immune system to recognize and combat pathogens such as bacteria. In the case of GBS, several promising antigens have been identified, including capsular polysaccharides (CPS) and surface proteins. Among these, CPS stand out due to their critical role in enabling the bacterium to evade the host immune response. The article reviews the typical representatives of polysaccharide conjugate vaccines (the 6-valent GBS polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (GBS6)), the CPS-protein conjugate vaccine (semisynthetic carbohydrate-based vaccines), and protein-based vaccines (GBS-NN vaccine). Moreover, the article evaluates the potential impact of GBS vaccines on reducing disease burden. The ultimate objective is to support ongoing efforts in vaccine development aimed at mitigating associated health risks.

B族链球菌（GBS）是一种重要的细菌病原体，对新生儿和孕妇尤其具有重大的健康风险。它造成一系列严重感染，包括败血症、肺炎和脑膜炎，可导致这些脆弱人群的高发病率和高死亡率。因此，预防GBS并采取必要措施防止其发展为侵袭性GBS疾病至关重要。在引入疫苗之前，分娩时抗生素预防（IAP）被认为是一级预防策略，因为它有效地降低了早发性GBS （EOGBS）感染的发生率，EOGBS的定义是在出生后7天内发生的感染。此外，它有明显的局限性。IAP不仅在预防迟发性GBS （LOGBS，表现在生命的第8天和前3个月之间）感染方面无效，而且也不太可能预防与死产、早产或产后早期相关的新生儿感染。IAP的广泛使用不仅可能导致过量抗生素暴露导致抗生素耐药性的出现，而且还可能对新生儿微生物组产生不利影响。因此，开发有效的GBS疫苗已成为现代医学的一个关键优先事项。这篇综述深入探讨了GBS疫苗的复杂和多方面的性质，从探索其抗原靶点开始。抗原是疫苗的基本组成部分，因为它们刺激免疫系统识别和对抗细菌等病原体。在GBS的情况下，已经确定了几种有希望的抗原，包括荚膜多糖（CPS）和表面蛋白。其中，CPS因其在使细菌逃避宿主免疫反应方面的关键作用而脱颖而出。本文综述了多糖结合疫苗的典型代表（6价GBS多糖结合疫苗（GBS6））、cps -蛋白结合疫苗（半合成碳水化合物疫苗）和蛋白质结合疫苗（GBS- nn疫苗）。此外，本文还评估了GBS疫苗对减轻疾病负担的潜在影响。最终目标是支持正在进行的旨在减轻相关健康风险的疫苗开发工作。

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引用次数: 0

Vaccination timeliness is a key measure of immunisation system performance: A call to address priority research, policy and practice issues 疫苗接种及时性是衡量免疫系统绩效的关键指标：呼吁解决重点研究、政策和实践问题

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100762

Oghenebrume Wariri , Oumnia Bouaddi , Jonathan F. Mosser , Chigozie Edson Utazi , Andrew Clark , Beate Kampmann

引用次数: 0

Stakeholder meeting report: Chikungunya virus – recent outbreaks, vaccine development and the way forward 利益攸关方会议报告：基孔肯雅病毒——最近的疫情、疫苗开发和前进的道路

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100730

Hyolim Kang , Megan Auzenbergs , Kaja Abbas , Clara Maure , Lourdes Moreno , Juan M. Pascale , Sandra López-Vergès , Eduardo Ortega-Barria , Jerome Kim , Kleber Luz , George Warimwe , Wisit Tangkeangsirisin , Elsa Marina Rojas Garrido , Yaniris Robles , Celia Martinez de Cuellar , Livia Vinhal , Gabriel Gonzalez-Escobar , Murat Ozturk , Katrin Dubischar , Juan Carlos Jaramillo , Sushant Sahastrabuddhe

The International Vaccine Institute and Gorgas Institute (Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies) organized the first Chikungunya Global Meeting in Panama City, Panama on December 12–13, 2023. Experts represented eight countries: Brazil, Colombia, Dominican Republic, India, Kenya, Panama, Paraguay, and Thailand. The aim of this meeting was for stakeholders to discuss chikungunya disease burden, vaccine deployment strategies, regulatory challenges, and access issues. This meeting highlighted lessons learned from recent chikungunya outbreaks and perspectives on ways forward in chikungunya research. Specifically, the following topics were discussed in the meeting: (i) lessons from recent chikungunya outbreaks and regional perspectives, (ii) chikungunya research priorities, (iii) chikungunya vaccine development, (iv) regulatory approval and pathways, (v) vaccine access, financing, and procurement, (vi) ways forward through a chikungunya vaccine initiative, and (vii) chikungunya research on how to analyse protection and long-term memory. Experts called for investments in vaccine deployment and a better understanding of the long-term economic impacts of chikungunya. Going forward, the experts recommended creation of a global chikungunya vaccine initiative to coordinate research and generate evidence to inform prevention and control programmes of chikungunya outbreaks and introduction of chikungunya vaccination in high-burden settings and regions at risk of chikungunya outbreaks.

国际疫苗研究所和戈尔加斯研究所（戈尔加斯纪念卫生研究所）于2023年12月12日至13日在巴拿马巴拿马城组织了第一次基孔肯雅热全球会议。专家们代表了八个国家：巴西、哥伦比亚、多米尼加共和国、印度、肯尼亚、巴拿马、巴拉圭和泰国。这次会议的目的是让利益攸关方讨论基孔肯雅病负担、疫苗部署战略、监管挑战和获取问题。这次会议强调了从最近基孔肯雅疫情中吸取的教训以及对基孔肯雅研究前进方向的看法。具体而言，会议讨论了以下主题：（一）最近基孔肯雅疫情的教训和区域前景；（二）基孔肯雅研究重点；（三）基孔肯雅疫苗开发；（四）监管审批和途径；（五）疫苗获取、融资和采购；（六）基孔肯雅疫苗倡议的前进方向；（七）基孔肯雅研究如何分析保护和长期记忆。专家们呼吁对疫苗部署进行投资，并更好地了解基孔肯雅热的长期经济影响。展望未来，专家们建议建立一项全球基孔肯雅疫苗倡议，以协调研究并产生证据，为基孔肯雅疫情的预防和控制规划提供信息，并在高负担环境和有基孔肯雅疫情风险的地区引入基孔肯雅疫苗接种。

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