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Pedagogical Education in Russia最新文献

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DIRECTOR Y.D. PETROV AND THE SVERDLOVSK PEDAGOGICAL INSTITUTE IN 1945-1953 1945年至1953年,彼得罗夫和斯维尔德洛夫斯克教育研究所所长
Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.26170/2079-8717_2021_03_03
M. Popov, A. K. Shitov
Based on the new, previously unknown materials received by the authors in the archival institutions of the Sverdlovsk region, this publication provides information about the official activities of Yakov Denisovich Petrov as the director of one of the largest pedagogical universities in the Ural region in the post-war years. The brief biographical information about the director of the Sverdlovsk Pedagogical Institute presented in the article supplements the information available in previously published sources. The article examines the contradictory trends in the development of the system of higher pedagogical education in the last years of Stalin’s rule. The authors present the features of the work of the Sverdlovsk Pedagogical Institute in the second half of the 1940s – early 1950s: lack of allocated funds, material and everyday problems, command and administrative methods of leadership, control and interference of party bodies in the activities of the administration. The characteristic of Y. D. Petrov as an effective administrator, teacher, propagandist of pedagogical knowledge is given. In conditions when the party leadership demanded from the management of the university to consider the ideological and political education of students as the main direction in the activities of the institute, Yakov Denisovich quite rightly saw professional, primarily methodological training of teachers as the main task of education. The authors draw the readers’ attention to the fact that in the post-war years, in the conditions of widespread shifting of responsibility by party officials for their own mistakes onto the heads of the institutions under their jurisdiction, up to political accusations against them, Y. D. Petrov quite skillfully applied the experience he gained during the Great Patriotic War in managing an educational institution, combining the unconditional fulfillment of the directives of the leadership with a certain independence in decision-making. This allowed by the early 1950s to achieve certain success in the work of the institution headed by him: the material base was strengthened and the study areas of the Sverdlovsk Pedagogical Institute were expanded, the activities of postgraduate studies were improved, the system of methodological training of future teachers was improved.
根据作者在斯维尔德洛夫斯克地区的档案机构中收到的新的,以前未知的材料,本出版物提供了关于雅克夫·杰尼索维奇·彼得罗夫在战后担任乌拉尔地区最大的师范大学之一的主任的官方活动的信息。文章中介绍的关于斯维尔德洛夫斯克教育研究所所长的简短传记资料补充了以前发表的资料。本文考察了斯大林统治末期我国高等教育体制发展的矛盾趋势。作者介绍了斯维尔德洛夫斯克教育学院在1940年代下半叶至1950年代初的工作特点:缺乏拨款、物质和日常问题、领导的指挥和管理方法、党机构对行政活动的控制和干预。本文给出了彼得罗夫作为一名有效的管理者、教师、教育知识宣传者的特点。在党的领导要求大学管理层将学生的思想政治教育作为学院活动的主要方向的情况下,雅科夫·杰尼索维奇非常正确地将专业的、主要是方法论的教师培训视为教育的主要任务。作者提请读者注意的事实是,在战后的岁月里,在党的官员普遍将自己的错误责任转移到他们管辖的机构的负责人身上,直到对他们的政治指控的情况下,y·d·彼得罗夫相当熟练地运用了他在卫国战争期间获得的管理教育机构的经验,将无条件执行领导的指示与一定的决策独立性相结合。到20世纪50年代初,这使得他领导的机构的工作取得了一定的成功:物质基础得到加强,斯维尔德洛夫斯克教育学院的研究领域得到扩大,研究生学习的活动得到改善,未来教师的方法培训系统得到改善。
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期刊
Pedagogical Education in Russia
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