Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117142
Ning Han, Yang Liu, Ying Chen, Hongyan Yan
Fe2AlB2 has emerged as a research hotspot due to its high damage tolerance and magnetocaloric effect, serving as a representative MAB-phase ceramic. Addressing the stringent storage and reaction environment requirements associated with using Al powder as raw material in Fe2AlB2 preparation, this study employs a molten salt electrochemical method using FeB and Al2O3 as raw materials. Analysis of the reaction mechanism reveals that electrochemical reduction of Al2O3 occurs first, followed by mutual diffusion of Al and FeB to form Fe2AlB2. The reduction of Al2O3 primarily occurs during the initial stage and influences the formation of Fe2AlB2 due to the rapid progression of the electrochemical reaction. Characterization and performance studies of the synthesized Fe2AlB2 demonstrate the acquisition of a layered structure and Fe2AlB2 powder with certain electrochemical properties.
{"title":"Research on the preparation of Fe2AlB2 MAB phase by molten salt electrochemical method and its electrochemical performance","authors":"Ning Han, Yang Liu, Ying Chen, Hongyan Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fe<sub>2</sub>AlB<sub>2</sub> has emerged as a research hotspot due to its high damage tolerance and magnetocaloric effect, serving as a representative MAB-phase ceramic. Addressing the stringent storage and reaction environment requirements associated with using Al powder as raw material in Fe<sub>2</sub>AlB<sub>2</sub> preparation, this study employs a molten salt electrochemical method using FeB and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as raw materials. Analysis of the reaction mechanism reveals that electrochemical reduction of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> occurs first, followed by mutual diffusion of Al and FeB to form Fe<sub>2</sub>AlB<sub>2</sub>. The reduction of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> primarily occurs during the initial stage and influences the formation of Fe<sub>2</sub>AlB<sub>2</sub> due to the rapid progression of the electrochemical reaction. Characterization and performance studies of the synthesized Fe<sub>2</sub>AlB<sub>2</sub> demonstrate the acquisition of a layered structure and Fe<sub>2</sub>AlB<sub>2</sub> powder with certain electrochemical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":431,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Ionics","volume":"438 ","pages":"Article 117142"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117139
Qianhui Fu , Mingzhu Gao , Shaoyang Dai , Peng Liu , Yanfei Hua , Ya Yao , Zhongfa Cheng , Zhongmin Wang , Jianqiu Deng
Pitch with low cost and high carbon yield serves as an ideal precursor for high-performance hard carbon anodes in sodium-ion batteries. While air pre-oxidation is critical for promoting pitch crosslinking during hard carbon preparation, low-softening-point pitch suffers from inefficient oxidative crosslinking, often resulting in soft carbon with narrow interlayer spacing. Herein, we propose a biomass skeleton-loaded catalyst strategy to suppress the melt rearrangement of pitch through physical confinement by the biomass skeleton and SbCl3-catalyzed deep crosslinking. Notably, the in-situ generated antimony nanoparticles during the pyrolysis process can serve as an active component to enhance sodium storage performance and eliminate the need for subsequent pickling procedures. The resultant hard carbon/antimony composite exhibits superior electrochemical performance, delivering a high reversible capacity of 275.5 mAh g−1 at 30 mA g−1 with 82.7% capacity retention after 100 cycles. Remarkably, it maintains 158.5 mAh g−1 after 2000 cycles at 1 A g−1, demonstrating exceptional high-rate cyclability. FTIR and XPS analyses reveal that SbCl3 catalysis modulates the type and concentration of oxygen-containing functional groups on the carbon surface, creating abundant active sites for reversible sodium-ion adsorption.
低成本、高产碳率的沥青是钠离子电池中高性能硬碳阳极的理想前驱体。在硬碳制备过程中，空气预氧化是促进沥青交联的关键，但低软化点沥青的氧化交联效率低，往往导致软碳层间距窄。在此，我们提出了一种生物质骨架负载催化剂策略，通过生物质骨架和sbcl3催化的深度交联的物理约束来抑制沥青的熔体重排。值得注意的是，在热解过程中原位生成的纳米锑可以作为一种活性成分，提高钠的储存性能，并消除后续酸洗过程的需要。所得硬碳/锑复合材料表现出优异的电化学性能，在30 mA g - 1下提供275.5 mAh g - 1的高可逆容量，100次循环后容量保持率为82.7%。值得注意的是，它在1 A g−1下循环2000次后保持158.5 mAh g−1，表现出卓越的高速率循环能力。FTIR和XPS分析表明，SbCl3的催化作用调节了碳表面含氧官能团的类型和浓度，为钠离子的可逆吸附创造了丰富的活性位点。
{"title":"Catalytic synthesis of closed packed antimony-incorporated hard carbon composites for enhanced sodium storage","authors":"Qianhui Fu , Mingzhu Gao , Shaoyang Dai , Peng Liu , Yanfei Hua , Ya Yao , Zhongfa Cheng , Zhongmin Wang , Jianqiu Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pitch with low cost and high carbon yield serves as an ideal precursor for high-performance hard carbon anodes in sodium-ion batteries. While air pre-oxidation is critical for promoting pitch crosslinking during hard carbon preparation, low-softening-point pitch suffers from inefficient oxidative crosslinking, often resulting in soft carbon with narrow interlayer spacing. Herein, we propose a biomass skeleton-loaded catalyst strategy to suppress the melt rearrangement of pitch through physical confinement by the biomass skeleton and SbCl<sub>3</sub>-catalyzed deep crosslinking. Notably, the in-situ generated antimony nanoparticles during the pyrolysis process can serve as an active component to enhance sodium storage performance and eliminate the need for subsequent pickling procedures. The resultant hard carbon/antimony composite exhibits superior electrochemical performance, delivering a high reversible capacity of 275.5 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 30 mA g<sup>−1</sup> with 82.7% capacity retention after 100 cycles. Remarkably, it maintains 158.5 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 2000 cycles at 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>, demonstrating exceptional high-rate cyclability. FTIR and XPS analyses reveal that SbCl<sub>3</sub> catalysis modulates the type and concentration of oxygen-containing functional groups on the carbon surface, creating abundant active sites for reversible sodium-ion adsorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":431,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Ionics","volume":"437 ","pages":"Article 117139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117141
Federico Baiutti , Matthäus Siebenhofer , WooChul Jung , Alexander K. Opitz
This proceedings-perspective paper introduces a new publication format that connects the immediacy of conference reporting with the depth of expert analysis. It summarizes contributions and discussions from the E-MRS 2025 Spring Meeting Symposium K on “Solid State Ionics: Functional Materials and Devices for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Applications”, highlighting recent advances and open challenges in the field.
Three major research directions are outlined: First, the deliberate control of material defects is shown to govern ionic and electronic transport as well as stability in functional oxides. Second, tailored surface modifications emerge as a powerful tool to tailor oxygen exchange and catalytic activity of mixed conducting electrodes. Third, exsolution of metal particles from oxide hosts is presented as a versatile route to design durable and adaptive catalysts. Together, these developments illustrate how coupling defect control, surface engineering, and exsolution enables next-generation materials for electrochemical energy conversion and storage.
{"title":"Current trends in solid state ionics: Defect engineering and surface chemistry","authors":"Federico Baiutti , Matthäus Siebenhofer , WooChul Jung , Alexander K. Opitz","doi":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This proceedings-perspective paper introduces a new publication format that connects the immediacy of conference reporting with the depth of expert analysis. It summarizes contributions and discussions from the <em>E</em>-MRS 2025 Spring Meeting Symposium K on “<em>Solid State Ionics: Functional Materials and Devices for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Applications”</em>, highlighting recent advances and open challenges in the field.</div><div>Three major research directions are outlined: First, the deliberate control of material defects is shown to govern ionic and electronic transport as well as stability in functional oxides. Second, tailored surface modifications emerge as a powerful tool to tailor oxygen exchange and catalytic activity of mixed conducting electrodes. Third, exsolution of metal particles from oxide hosts is presented as a versatile route to design durable and adaptive catalysts. Together, these developments illustrate how coupling defect control, surface engineering, and exsolution enables next-generation materials for electrochemical energy conversion and storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":431,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Ionics","volume":"437 ","pages":"Article 117141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chitosan/polyaniline (CPA) and chitosan/polyaniline/Nb2O5 (CPAN) hybrid nanocomposites were successfully synthesized via in situ oxidative polymerization of aniline using ammonium persulfate as the oxidizing agent, incorporating controlled Nb2O5 nanoparticle loadings (0.2–0.8 g). Structural and morphological analyses using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the successful incorporation and uniform dispersion of Nb2O5 nanoparticles within the chitosan/polyaniline matrix, along with the formation of well-defined nanocomposites. The AC conductivity (σAC), measured in the frequency range of 10 Hz–8 MHz, exhibited a frequency-dependent increase consistent with Jonscher's power law, indicating that correlated barrier hopping (CBH) is the dominant conduction mechanism. Among the samples, the CPA nanocomposite exhibited the highest σAC value (6.91 × 10−2 S/m at 8 MHz), suggesting improved charge-carrier mobility at high frequencies. Dielectric studies revealed that both the dielectric constant (ε') and dielectric loss (ε″) decreased with increasing Nb2O5 content, attributed to reduced charge mobility and enhanced interfacial polarization. At 10 Hz, CPA exhibited exceptionally high dielectric constant (ε' = 3.4 × 107) and dielectric loss (ε″ = 2.6 × 108) values. Tangent loss spectra displayed distinct relaxation peaks, confirming dielectric relaxation behaviour, while impedance and electric modulus analyses indicated non-Debye-type relaxation. The tunable electrical and dielectric responses of the CPAN nanocomposites demonstrate their potential for high-frequency and electronic applications, including energy storage, optoelectronics, thin-film transistors, electrodes, and biosensors.
{"title":"Tuning electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of chitosan/polyaniline by doping with varying concentration of Nb2O5 nanoparticles","authors":"Madihally Nagaraja , Sushma Prashanth , Praveen Beekanahalli Mokshanatha , Jayadev Pattar , Shambonahalli Rajanna Manohara , Kenchaiah Sunil","doi":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chitosan/polyaniline (CPA) and chitosan/polyaniline/Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> (CPAN) hybrid nanocomposites were successfully synthesized via in situ oxidative polymerization of aniline using ammonium persulfate as the oxidizing agent, incorporating controlled Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> nanoparticle loadings (0.2–0.8 g). Structural and morphological analyses using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the successful incorporation and uniform dispersion of Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> nanoparticles within the chitosan/polyaniline matrix, along with the formation of well-defined nanocomposites. The AC conductivity (σ<sub>AC</sub>), measured in the frequency range of 10 Hz–8 MHz, exhibited a frequency-dependent increase consistent with Jonscher's power law, indicating that correlated barrier hopping (CBH) is the dominant conduction mechanism. Among the samples, the CPA nanocomposite exhibited the highest σ<sub>AC</sub> value (6.91 × 10<sup>−2</sup> S/m at 8 MHz), suggesting improved charge-carrier mobility at high frequencies. Dielectric studies revealed that both the dielectric constant (ε') and dielectric loss (ε″) decreased with increasing Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> content, attributed to reduced charge mobility and enhanced interfacial polarization. At 10 Hz, CPA exhibited exceptionally high dielectric constant (ε' = 3.4 × 10<sup>7</sup>) and dielectric loss (ε″ = 2.6 × 10<sup>8</sup>) values. Tangent loss spectra displayed distinct relaxation peaks, confirming dielectric relaxation behaviour, while impedance and electric modulus analyses indicated non-Debye-type relaxation. The tunable electrical and dielectric responses of the CPAN nanocomposites demonstrate their potential for high-frequency and electronic applications, including energy storage, optoelectronics, thin-film transistors, electrodes, and biosensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":431,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Ionics","volume":"437 ","pages":"Article 117129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117127
Darshilkumar N. Chhatrodiya , Sunil Kumar , Santanu De , Shobit Omar
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Resistance-based transmission-line model for O2 flux prediction in Gd0.1Ce0.9O2−δ–SrFe0.9Ti0.1O3−δ composite membranes” [Solid State Ionics 434 (2026) 117101]","authors":"Darshilkumar N. Chhatrodiya , Sunil Kumar , Santanu De , Shobit Omar","doi":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":431,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Ionics","volume":"436 ","pages":"Article 117127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117128
Sumit Khatua , K. Ramakrushna Achary , K. Sasikumar , Lakshmi Hrushita Korlapati , L.N. Patro
Li-based solid electrolytes with the NASICON structure offer promising solutions for developing safer solid-state Li-ion batteries (SSLIBs) as potential alternatives to conventional LIBs that use liquid electrolytes, which are prone to safety risks, leakage, and thermal instability. LATP (Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3) solid electrolytes belong to the LMP [LiM2(PO4)3: M: Zr, Ti, and Ge] family of materials and are considered promising for large-scale SSLIB applications due to their low cost compared to LGP-based solid electrolytes and superior ionic conductivity relative to LZP-based solid electrolytes. In the present study, highly dense bare LTP and Al3+-doped LTP (LATP) were prepared using the solid-state reaction method, and their structural and transport behaviour were investigated by varying the Al3+ content (x = 0.2 to 0.4) and the sintering temperature (900–1100 °C). Conductivity measurements using impedance spectroscopy showed that Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3 with an x = 0.3 composition sintered at 1000 °C (0.3-LATP@1000), exhibits the highest ionic conductivity (7.2 × 10−5 S cm−1) at room temperature. The transport results of LATP solid electrolytes, with respect to different sintering temperatures and Al3+ dopant concentrations, were explained in terms of their crystal structure, relative density, and morphology. DC polarization measurements revealed that ions are the major charge carriers, while linear sweep voltammetry tests demonstrated excellent ESW with Li-metal, highlighting the potential of 0.3-LATP@1000 solid electrolyte for SSLIBs. Li stripping and plating measurements using a symmetric cell (Li/0.3-LATP@1000/Li) demonstrated good stability of the solid electrolyte for 500 h at a current density of 0.05 mA cm−2. Finally, SSLIB with the LFP/0.3-LATP@1000/Li configuration was demonstrated, exhibiting a discharge specific capacity of 158 mA h g−1 at 0.1C.
具有NASICON结构的锂基固体电解质为开发更安全的固态锂离子电池（sslib）提供了有希望的解决方案，作为使用液体电解质的传统锂离子电池的潜在替代品，液体电解质容易存在安全风险、泄漏和热不稳定性。LATP （Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3）固体电解质属于LMP [LiM2(PO4)3: M: Zr， Ti和Ge]材料家族，由于与lgp基固体电解质相比成本低，并且相对于lzp基固体电解质具有优异的离子导电性，因此被认为有希望大规模应用于SSLIB。本研究采用固相反应法制备了高密度裸LTP和Al3+掺杂LTP (LATP)，并通过改变Al3+含量（x = 0.2 ~ 0.4）和烧结温度（900 ~ 1100℃）研究了它们的结构和输移行为。电导率测量表明，在1000°C烧结时，x = 0.3的Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3 （0.3-LATP@1000）在室温下具有最高的离子电导率（7.2 × 10−5 S cm−1）。LATP固体电解质在不同烧结温度和Al3+掺杂浓度下的输运结果，从晶体结构、相对密度和形貌等方面进行了解释。直流极化测量表明离子是主要的电荷载流子，而线性扫描伏安测试显示了与锂金属的良好ESW，突出了0.3-LATP@1000固体电解质在sslib中的潜力。使用对称电池（Li/0.3-LATP@1000/Li）进行的锂剥离和电镀测量表明，在0.05 mA cm−2的电流密度下，固体电解质在500小时内具有良好的稳定性。最后，证明了具有LFP/0.3-LATP@1000/Li结构的SSLIB，在0.1C下的放电比容量为158 mA h g−1。
{"title":"Engineering dense superionic Li₁₊ₓAlₓTi₂₋ₓ(PO₄)₃ solid electrolytes for safer solid-state Li-ion batteries: Impact of sintering temperature and Al3+ doping","authors":"Sumit Khatua , K. Ramakrushna Achary , K. Sasikumar , Lakshmi Hrushita Korlapati , L.N. Patro","doi":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Li-based solid electrolytes with the NASICON structure offer promising solutions for developing safer solid-state Li-ion batteries (SSLIBs) as potential alternatives to conventional LIBs that use liquid electrolytes, which are prone to safety risks, leakage, and thermal instability. LATP (Li<sub>1+<em>x</em></sub>Al<sub><em>x</em></sub>Ti<sub>2-<em>x</em></sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>) solid electrolytes belong to the LMP [LiM<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>: M: Zr, Ti, and Ge] family of materials and are considered promising for large-scale SSLIB applications due to their low cost compared to LGP-based solid electrolytes and superior ionic conductivity relative to LZP-based solid electrolytes. In the present study, highly dense bare LTP and Al<sup>3+</sup>-doped LTP (LATP) were prepared using the solid-state reaction method, and their structural and transport behaviour were investigated by varying the Al<sup>3+</sup> content (<em>x</em> = 0.2 to 0.4) and the sintering temperature (900–1100 °C). Conductivity measurements using impedance spectroscopy showed that Li<sub>1+<em>x</em></sub>Al<sub><em>x</em></sub>Ti<sub>2-<em>x</em></sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> with an <em>x</em> = 0.3 composition sintered at 1000 °C (0.3-LATP@1000), exhibits the highest ionic conductivity (7.2 × 10<sup>−5</sup> S cm<sup>−1</sup>) at room temperature. The transport results of LATP solid electrolytes, with respect to different sintering temperatures and Al<sup>3+</sup> dopant concentrations, were explained in terms of their crystal structure, relative density, and morphology. DC polarization measurements revealed that ions are the major charge carriers, while linear sweep voltammetry tests demonstrated excellent ESW with Li-metal, highlighting the potential of 0.3-LATP@1000 solid electrolyte for SSLIBs. Li stripping and plating measurements using a symmetric cell (Li/0.3-LATP@1000/Li) demonstrated good stability of the solid electrolyte for 500 h at a current density of 0.05 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>. Finally, SSLIB with the LFP/0.3-LATP@1000/Li configuration was demonstrated, exhibiting a discharge specific capacity of 158 mA h g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.1C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":431,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Ionics","volume":"436 ","pages":"Article 117128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117126
LiLei Ding, Yong Li
The increased capacity offered by oxygen-redox active cathode materials for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) offers a pathway to the next generation of high-gravimetric-capacity cathodes for use in devices, transportation and on the grid. However, one of the limiting factors in the development of oxygen-redox-based electrodes is the stability of the high-voltage plateau. In this study, the structural stability was improved by incorporating copper ion into P2-type Na0.6Mg0.3Mn0.7O2. As designed, the partial Cu substitution in Na0.6Mg0.2Cu0.1Mn0.7O2 significantly enhances high-voltage plateau stability, achieving a total reversible capacity of 163.5 mA h g−1 between 1.5 and 4.4 V at 0.2C (1C = 160 mA/g). Crucially, this modified material retains more capacity (109.3 mA h g−1) within the high-voltage plateau region (>4.1 V) than the unmodified counterpart under identical cycling protocols, as evidenced by dQ/dV analysis. Moreover, Cu doping can also enhance Mn redox ability and weaken Jahn−Teller distortion. Therefore, the strong CuO covalency bond could reform the excessive oxidation of oxygen anions, retaining capacity retention of 94.4 % after 100 cycles at 2C.
氧氧化还原活性阴极材料为可充电钠离子电池（sib）提供了更高的容量，为下一代用于设备、运输和电网的高重量容量阴极提供了一条途径。然而，限制氧氧化还原电极发展的因素之一是高压平台的稳定性。本研究通过将铜离子掺入p2型Na0.6Mg0.3Mn0.7O2中，提高了结构稳定性。在设计中，Na0.6Mg0.2Cu0.1Mn0.7O2中的部分Cu取代显著提高了高压平台稳定性，在0.2C （1C = 160 mA/g）下，在1.5 ~ 4.4 V之间实现了163.5 mA h g - 1的总可逆容量。关键是，dQ/dV分析证明，在相同的循环方案下，这种改性材料在高压平台区域（>4.1 V）内比未经改性的材料保留了更多的容量（109.3 mA h g−1）。此外，Cu掺杂还可以增强Mn的氧化还原能力，减弱Jahn−Teller畸变。因此，强CuO共价键可以改变氧阴离子的过度氧化，在2C下循环100次后容量保持率为94.4%。
{"title":"P2-type Na0.6Mg0.2Cu0.1Mn0.7O2 cathode materials with enhanced cyclic stability for high-energy Na-ion batteries","authors":"LiLei Ding, Yong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increased capacity offered by oxygen-redox active cathode materials for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) offers a pathway to the next generation of high-gravimetric-capacity cathodes for use in devices, transportation and on the grid. However, one of the limiting factors in the development of oxygen-redox-based electrodes is the stability of the high-voltage plateau. In this study, the structural stability was improved by incorporating copper ion into P2-type Na<sub>0.6</sub>Mg<sub>0.3</sub>Mn<sub>0.7</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. As designed, the partial Cu substitution in Na<sub>0.6</sub>Mg<sub>0.2</sub>Cu<sub>0.1</sub>Mn<sub>0.7</sub>O<sub>2</sub> significantly enhances high-voltage plateau stability, achieving a total reversible capacity of 163.5 mA h g<sup>−1</sup> between 1.5 and 4.4 V at 0.2C (1C = 160 mA/g). Crucially, this modified material retains more capacity (109.3 mA h g<sup>−1</sup>) within the high-voltage plateau region (>4.1 V) than the unmodified counterpart under identical cycling protocols, as evidenced by dQ/dV analysis. Moreover, Cu doping can also enhance Mn redox ability and weaken Jahn−Teller distortion. Therefore, the strong Cu<img>O covalency bond could reform the excessive oxidation of oxygen anions, retaining capacity retention of 94.4 % after 100 cycles at 2C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":431,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Ionics","volume":"436 ","pages":"Article 117126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117125
Ranaa M. Almarshedy , Siti Rohana Majid , Ninie Suhana Abdul Manan
In this study, the effects of calcium metaborate (CaB₂O₄) doping on the 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose (2-HEC)-based polymer electrolytes (PEs), which were synthesised using the solution casting method, were investigated. The electrolyte containing 27.27 wt% CaB₂O₄ achieved the highest ionic conductivity of 1.7 × 10−6 S cm−1, attributed to enhanced amorphous regions promoting ion mobility. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed reduced crystallinity and increased polymer chain mobility, and formed additional ion-conductive pathways upon CaB₂O₄ incorporation. Dielectric analysis showed increases in ε' and ε'′ values up to 27.27 wt% CaB₂O₄, indicating adequate charge storage and interfacial polarisation. Galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests confirmed the electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) behaviour, with stable specific capacitance across extended voltage windows. The enhanced samples exhibited high ionic transference numbers and expanded electrochemical stability windows (ESW) in linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), reaching approximately 5.15 V. Notably, reducing the discharge current from 2 mA g−1 to 0.25 mA g−1, resulted in a substantial increase in specific capacitance, rising from 1.51 to 16 F g−1 (in the 0–1 V window) and from 1.79 to 18.2 F g−1 (in the 0–1.5 V window), which was attributed to improved ion accessibility and more efficient double-layer formation. These findings suggested that the 2-HEC/ CaB₂O₄ PEs were suitable for use in flexible and efficient energy storage devices, particularly in calcium-ion batteries and electrochemical capacitors.
本文研究了偏酸钙（CaB₂O₄）掺杂对溶液铸造法制备的2-羟乙基纤维素（2-HEC）基聚合物电解质（PEs）的影响。含有27.27 wt% CaB₂O₄的电解质离子电导率最高，为1.7 × 10−6 S cm−1，这是由于非晶区增强促进了离子的迁移。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和x射线衍射（XRD）分析证实，加入CaB₂O₄后，结晶度降低，聚合物链迁移率提高，并形成了额外的离子传导途径。介电分析表明ε′和ε′值增加到27.27 wt% CaB₂O₄，表明有足够的电荷存储和界面极化。恒流充放电（GCD）和循环伏安（CV）测试证实了电双层电容器（EDLC）的性能，在延长的电压窗内具有稳定的比电容。增强后的样品在线性扫描伏安法（LSV）中表现出较高的离子转移数和扩大的电化学稳定窗口（ESW），达到约5.15 V。值得注意的是，将放电电流从2 mA g−1降低到0.25 mA g−1，导致比电容大幅增加，从1.51增加到16 F g−1（在0-1 V窗口），从1.79增加到18.2 F g−1（在0-1.5 V窗口），这归因于离子可及性的提高和更有效的双层形成。这些结果表明，2-HEC/ CaB₂O₄pe适合用于柔性高效储能装置，特别是在钙离子电池和电化学电容器中。
{"title":"Enhanced ionic conductivity and dielectric performance of CaB₂O₄-doped 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose polymer electrolytes for electrical double layer capacitor applications","authors":"Ranaa M. Almarshedy , Siti Rohana Majid , Ninie Suhana Abdul Manan","doi":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssi.2026.117125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the effects of calcium metaborate (CaB₂O₄) doping on the 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose (2-HEC)-based polymer electrolytes (PEs), which were synthesised using the solution casting method, were investigated. The electrolyte containing 27.27 wt% CaB₂O₄ achieved the highest ionic conductivity of 1.7 × 10<sup>−6</sup> S cm<sup>−1</sup>, attributed to enhanced amorphous regions promoting ion mobility. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed reduced crystallinity and increased polymer chain mobility, and formed additional ion-conductive pathways upon CaB₂O₄ incorporation. Dielectric analysis showed increases in ε' and ε'′ values up to 27.27 wt% CaB₂O₄, indicating adequate charge storage and interfacial polarisation. Galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests confirmed the electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) behaviour, with stable specific capacitance across extended voltage windows. The enhanced samples exhibited high ionic transference numbers and expanded electrochemical stability windows (ESW) in linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), reaching approximately 5.15 V. Notably, reducing the discharge current from 2 mA g<sup>−1</sup> to 0.25 mA g<sup>−1</sup>, resulted in a substantial increase in specific capacitance, rising from 1.51 to 16 F g<sup>−1</sup> (in the 0–1 V window) and from 1.79 to 18.2 F g<sup>−1</sup> (in the 0–1.5 V window), which was attributed to improved ion accessibility and more efficient double-layer formation. These findings suggested that the 2-HEC/ CaB₂O₄ PEs were suitable for use in flexible and efficient energy storage devices, particularly in calcium-ion batteries and electrochemical capacitors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":431,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Ionics","volume":"436 ","pages":"Article 117125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2025.117116
Nurcemal Atmaca , Mahir Uenal , Hansen Chang , Oliver Clemens
Different variations of glass-ceramic Li6PS5Cl1-xIx (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1) were synthesized using single-step ball milling without the need of an additional heating step. By using smaller diameter balls compared to conventional synthesis methods, we ensure smaller particle sizes, improving the contact between the particles due to larger surface area effects. Ionic conductivities up to 1.1 mS/cm were achieved with an activation energy of 0.19 eV. The galvanostatic cycling stability were tested by using the prepared samples as a separator in an all-solid-state battery with an NMC811 mixed commercially available Li6PS5Cl cathode and an In-Li anode.
{"title":"One – Step synthesis of glass ceramic Li6PS5Cl1-xIx solid electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries","authors":"Nurcemal Atmaca , Mahir Uenal , Hansen Chang , Oliver Clemens","doi":"10.1016/j.ssi.2025.117116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssi.2025.117116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Different variations of glass-ceramic Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>Cl<sub>1-x</sub>I<sub>x</sub> (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1) were synthesized using single-step ball milling without the need of an additional heating step. By using smaller diameter balls compared to conventional synthesis methods, we ensure smaller particle sizes, improving the contact between the particles due to larger surface area effects. Ionic conductivities up to 1.1 mS/cm were achieved with an activation energy of 0.19 eV. The galvanostatic cycling stability were tested by using the prepared samples as a separator in an all-solid-state battery with an NMC811 mixed commercially available Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>Cl cathode and an In-Li anode.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":431,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Ionics","volume":"436 ","pages":"Article 117116"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2025.117107
Ahmad Shaur , Henny J.M. Bouwmeester
Gadolinium-doped ceria exhibits mixed ionic-electronic conduction at high temperatures and low partial pressures of oxygen (pO2). In this study, the total electrical conductivity of Gd0.10Ce0.90O2-δ (GCO) was investigated in the temperature range of 650–850 °C as a function of pO2 between 10-0.36 and 10-25 bar. By concurrently modelling data of oxygen non-stoichiometry and electrical conductivity, our work reveals clear deviations from ideal solution behaviour. The observed decrease in the reduction enthalpy of GCO at low values of pO2 can be accounted to net attractive defect interactions. These deviations from ideal solution behaviour can be traced back in the electrical conductivity data. A key distinction of the present study from previous ones is that it does not assume that the charge carriers in GCO are partially trapped in defect associates.
{"title":"Influence of defect interactions on the electrical conductivity of gadolinium-doped ceria","authors":"Ahmad Shaur , Henny J.M. Bouwmeester","doi":"10.1016/j.ssi.2025.117107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssi.2025.117107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gadolinium-doped ceria exhibits mixed ionic-electronic conduction at high temperatures and low partial pressures of oxygen (<em>p</em>O<sub>2</sub>). In this study, the total electrical conductivity of Gd<sub>0.10</sub>Ce<sub>0.90</sub>O<sub>2-δ</sub> (GCO) was investigated in the temperature range of 650–850 °C as a function of <em>p</em>O<sub>2</sub> between 10<sup>-0.36</sup> and 10<sup>-25</sup> bar. By concurrently modelling data of oxygen non-stoichiometry and electrical conductivity, our work reveals clear deviations from ideal solution behaviour. The observed decrease in the reduction enthalpy of GCO at low values of <em>p</em>O<sub>2</sub> can be accounted to net attractive defect interactions. These deviations from ideal solution behaviour can be traced back in the electrical conductivity data. A key distinction of the present study from previous ones is that it does not assume that the charge carriers in GCO are partially trapped in defect associates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":431,"journal":{"name":"Solid State Ionics","volume":"436 ","pages":"Article 117107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145904097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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