Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1007/s00048-024-00378-1
Frank Sparing, Nils Löffelbein, Uta Hinz
{"title":"[Oral History. Interviews with psychiatric patients and residents of institutions for the disabled‑a field report].","authors":"Frank Sparing, Nils Löffelbein, Uta Hinz","doi":"10.1007/s00048-024-00378-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-024-00378-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"61-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10914867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-02-06DOI: 10.1007/s00048-024-00375-4
Henrik Jochum
This article examines the impact of the reporting practice and paper technologies like forms on reports that were later used for national morbidity statistics by studying the Swiss reporting system for infectious diseases between 1886 and 1921. Analysing the production processes of notifications shows the difficulties and solutions in the implementation of the statutory reporting process. Two disease outbreaks-a smallpox outbreak in Schaffhausen and a typhoid outbreak in the canton of Lucerne-serve as case studies. It is shown that reports are not only objective representations of diseases, but also symbolize the medico-social interactions that produce them, timed by administrative tools like reporting forms and the act of reporting. This destabilises historical statistics and illustrates the complexity of the historical source material, as these interactions and their impact on reporting must be considered. These findings are further supported by examining the Swiss reporting system during the Spanish flu of 1918 and its failure to record influenza cases.
{"title":"[Mandatory Reporting as the Basis of Epidemiological Statistics: The Impact of the Reporting Practice and Usage of Paper Technologies on the Informative Content of Morbidity Statistics 1886-1921].","authors":"Henrik Jochum","doi":"10.1007/s00048-024-00375-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-024-00375-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines the impact of the reporting practice and paper technologies like forms on reports that were later used for national morbidity statistics by studying the Swiss reporting system for infectious diseases between 1886 and 1921. Analysing the production processes of notifications shows the difficulties and solutions in the implementation of the statutory reporting process. Two disease outbreaks-a smallpox outbreak in Schaffhausen and a typhoid outbreak in the canton of Lucerne-serve as case studies. It is shown that reports are not only objective representations of diseases, but also symbolize the medico-social interactions that produce them, timed by administrative tools like reporting forms and the act of reporting. This destabilises historical statistics and illustrates the complexity of the historical source material, as these interactions and their impact on reporting must be considered. These findings are further supported by examining the Swiss reporting system during the Spanish flu of 1918 and its failure to record influenza cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"1-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10914848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1007/s00048-024-00380-7
Felicitas Söhner, Agnès Arp, Thorsten Halling, Nils Hansson, Uta Hinz, Nils Löffelbein, Constanze Schliwa, Frank Sparing
{"title":"Forum: Oral History in der Medizin. Etwas Besonderes?","authors":"Felicitas Söhner, Agnès Arp, Thorsten Halling, Nils Hansson, Uta Hinz, Nils Löffelbein, Constanze Schliwa, Frank Sparing","doi":"10.1007/s00048-024-00380-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-024-00380-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"35-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10914888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-11-20DOI: 10.1007/s00048-023-00371-0
Anastassiya Schacht
The article reconstructs attempts to create scientifically coherent, internationally agreed-upon diagnostics for mild forms of schizophrenia throughout the 20th century. A particular focus here lies on what became known as bland-or sluggish-schizophrenia, a particular term coined in the USSR, which became known for its frequent use in internationally contested diagnoses of human rights activists. The argument follows the diagnosis of sluggish schizophrenia from its inception in a highly productive and equally international psychiatric community of the early 20th century pioneered by prominent Soviet scholar Andrey Snezhnevsky and through its epistemic detachment and content-related transformation in the highly isolated Soviet psychiatric community since the interwar period. This transformation is analyzed with help of the case study on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Released by the World Health Organization, the ICD-and in particular its ninth revision-played a crucial role in the attempt to legitimize sluggish schizophrenia. The comparative study of four presumably identical ICD-passages from three languages helps reconstructing how internationally accorded terms would become adapted to the Soviet societal and political realities. The ultimate aim of the attempted adaptation, the article claims, was to provide the elsewhere contested diagnostic term "sluggish" schizophrenia with additional legitimacy per authority of the WHO and, thus, much needed credibility for domestic, and often political, use.
{"title":"[By any Other Name …-Soviet Construction of Schizophrenia in the 1970-1980s and its Integration into the International Classification of Diseases].","authors":"Anastassiya Schacht","doi":"10.1007/s00048-023-00371-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-023-00371-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article reconstructs attempts to create scientifically coherent, internationally agreed-upon diagnostics for mild forms of schizophrenia throughout the 20th century. A particular focus here lies on what became known as bland-or sluggish-schizophrenia, a particular term coined in the USSR, which became known for its frequent use in internationally contested diagnoses of human rights activists. The argument follows the diagnosis of sluggish schizophrenia from its inception in a highly productive and equally international psychiatric community of the early 20th century pioneered by prominent Soviet scholar Andrey Snezhnevsky and through its epistemic detachment and content-related transformation in the highly isolated Soviet psychiatric community since the interwar period. This transformation is analyzed with help of the case study on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Released by the World Health Organization, the ICD-and in particular its ninth revision-played a crucial role in the attempt to legitimize sluggish schizophrenia. The comparative study of four presumably identical ICD-passages from three languages helps reconstructing how internationally accorded terms would become adapted to the Soviet societal and political realities. The ultimate aim of the attempted adaptation, the article claims, was to provide the elsewhere contested diagnostic term \"sluggish\" schizophrenia with additional legitimacy per authority of the WHO and, thus, much needed credibility for domestic, and often political, use.</p>","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"421-455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10781824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138048161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-06-15DOI: 10.1007/s00048-023-00360-3
Alexej Lochmatow
{"title":"Katrin Steffen 2021: Blut und Metall. Die transnationalen Wissensräume von Ludwik Hirszfeld und Jan Czochralski im 20. Jahrhundert. : Göttingen: Wallstein Verlag, geb., 568 S., 11 Abb., 59,00 €, ISBN: 978-3-8353-5013-7.","authors":"Alexej Lochmatow","doi":"10.1007/s00048-023-00360-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-023-00360-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"467-470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10781865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9687300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2024-01-04DOI: 10.1007/s00048-023-00372-z
Michael Stolberg
This paper presents and analyzes the practice journal of a barber-surgeon in the town of Münster, in Northern Germany, in which he recorded about 950 cases he treated between 1602 and 1614. Based on this source, it examines the clientele and the fees of a German barber-surgeon in the early seventeenth century, and looks at the injuries and complaints for which patients sought his treatment.
{"title":"[Artisanal Surgery in the Early 17th Century. The Practice Journal of a Barber-Surgeon in Münster].","authors":"Michael Stolberg","doi":"10.1007/s00048-023-00372-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-023-00372-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents and analyzes the practice journal of a barber-surgeon in the town of Münster, in Northern Germany, in which he recorded about 950 cases he treated between 1602 and 1614. Based on this source, it examines the clientele and the fees of a German barber-surgeon in the early seventeenth century, and looks at the injuries and complaints for which patients sought his treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"357-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10781813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139088963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2022-02-10DOI: 10.1007/s00048-022-00327-w
Anne Greenwood MacKinney
{"title":"Luke Keogh 2020: The Wardian Case: How a Simple Box Moved Plants and Changed the World und Susanne Bauer, Martina Schlünder, Maria Rentetzi 2020: Boxes. A Field Guide.","authors":"Anne Greenwood MacKinney","doi":"10.1007/s00048-022-00327-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-022-00327-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"457-460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39906485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-11-29DOI: 10.1007/s00048-023-00370-1
Philipp Kröger
This article explores anthropological research conducted in Hamburg during the 20th century and demonstrates how historically specific discourse networks (Aufschreibesysteme) shaped concepts of race and their subsequent use in politics. To this end, this study examines three paradigms within the history of German anthropology in terms of their underlying inscription technique: physical anthropology/loose-leaf collection, "Erblehre"/card index, and population genetics/electronic data processing. By outlining a data history of racialization, this article avoids the ontological pitfalls of recent debates about the category of race.
{"title":"[Race as Global Data Stream: Anthropological Research in 20th Century Hamburg as a Vantage Point for a Data History of Racialization].","authors":"Philipp Kröger","doi":"10.1007/s00048-023-00370-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-023-00370-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores anthropological research conducted in Hamburg during the 20th century and demonstrates how historically specific discourse networks (Aufschreibesysteme) shaped concepts of race and their subsequent use in politics. To this end, this study examines three paradigms within the history of German anthropology in terms of their underlying inscription technique: physical anthropology/loose-leaf collection, \"Erblehre\"/card index, and population genetics/electronic data processing. By outlining a data history of racialization, this article avoids the ontological pitfalls of recent debates about the category of race.</p>","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"387-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10781799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138452779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1007/s00048-023-00365-y
Moritz Epple, Maria Framke, Eli Franco, Horst Junginger, Baijayanti Roy
{"title":"Where do we Stand in the Historiography of Small Disciplines in Nazi Germany? The Case of Indology.","authors":"Moritz Epple, Maria Framke, Eli Franco, Horst Junginger, Baijayanti Roy","doi":"10.1007/s00048-023-00365-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-023-00365-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"233-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10556178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10258219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}