Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-05-24DOI: 10.1007/s00048-024-00386-1
Paul Franke
This article deals with the change in safety requirements and technological possibilities in the course of industrialization by looking at the establishment of street lighting in Bielefeld in the 19th century. As will be shown, the development from oil to gas lanterns coincided with a change in the security needs of the urban middle class. It was the technical possibilities of gas lighting to penetrate the urban space at night that made marginalized groups of people who were perceived as a security risk visible. This, together with the bourgeois internalization of the disciplinary effects of light, made this infrastructure possible in Bielefeld. While the urban populations of the pre-modern and early 19th century were still skeptical or dismissive of lanterns, by the mid-19th century their installation was already part of decidedly urban bourgeois demands for more safety in the areas of personal, economic and traffic safety. The lantern thus changed from an instrument of pre-modern visibility to an instrument of constant visibility in the modern age, which at the same time led to new lines of conflict when the expansion and extension of lighting was not as comprehensive as demanded by the urban bourgeoisie. In addition to the changes and conjunctures of security needs in the course of industrialization, Bielefeld also shows that an internalization of the concept of sovereignty by no means meant the absence of conflict. On the basis of administrative acts and petitions, the history of Bielefeld's street lighting is placed in a larger transformation of security, technology and urban spatial design from the perspective of historical security research, drawing on Foucoult's concept of gouvernmentalité. The results show that the history of technology and infrastructure can significantly deepen and contextualize the findings of historical security research. The use and expectations of technology were an essential part of a new understanding of security, as well as the socially segmented organization of urban space through a sometimes precarious alliance of different groups of actors.
{"title":"[\"Wider Den Nächtlichen Unfug\"-Bielefeld's Street Lighting from 1853 to the 1880s as a Securatization Infrastructure and Tool for Self-Discipline].","authors":"Paul Franke","doi":"10.1007/s00048-024-00386-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-024-00386-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article deals with the change in safety requirements and technological possibilities in the course of industrialization by looking at the establishment of street lighting in Bielefeld in the 19th century. As will be shown, the development from oil to gas lanterns coincided with a change in the security needs of the urban middle class. It was the technical possibilities of gas lighting to penetrate the urban space at night that made marginalized groups of people who were perceived as a security risk visible. This, together with the bourgeois internalization of the disciplinary effects of light, made this infrastructure possible in Bielefeld. While the urban populations of the pre-modern and early 19th century were still skeptical or dismissive of lanterns, by the mid-19th century their installation was already part of decidedly urban bourgeois demands for more safety in the areas of personal, economic and traffic safety. The lantern thus changed from an instrument of pre-modern visibility to an instrument of constant visibility in the modern age, which at the same time led to new lines of conflict when the expansion and extension of lighting was not as comprehensive as demanded by the urban bourgeoisie. In addition to the changes and conjunctures of security needs in the course of industrialization, Bielefeld also shows that an internalization of the concept of sovereignty by no means meant the absence of conflict. On the basis of administrative acts and petitions, the history of Bielefeld's street lighting is placed in a larger transformation of security, technology and urban spatial design from the perspective of historical security research, drawing on Foucoult's concept of gouvernmentalité. The results show that the history of technology and infrastructure can significantly deepen and contextualize the findings of historical security research. The use and expectations of technology were an essential part of a new understanding of security, as well as the socially segmented organization of urban space through a sometimes precarious alliance of different groups of actors.</p>","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"107-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11150173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141094559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-03-26DOI: 10.1007/s00048-024-00382-5
Aron Schulze
{"title":"Mitchell G. Ash 2023: Die Max-Planck-Gesellschaft im Prozess der deutschen Vereinigung 1989–2002. Eine politische Wissenschaftsgeschichte, und Jens Blecher und Jürgen John (Hg.) 2021: Hochschulumbau Ost. Die Transformation des DDR-Hochschulwesens nach 1989/90 in typologisch-vergleichender Perspektive.","authors":"Aron Schulze","doi":"10.1007/s00048-024-00382-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-024-00382-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"197-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2023-07-13DOI: 10.1007/s00048-023-00361-2
Pascal Germann
{"title":"Jenseits von Darwin und Galton? Wissenshistorische Forschungen zu Menschenzucht und Eugenik, ca. 1600–2000.","authors":"Pascal Germann","doi":"10.1007/s00048-023-00361-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-023-00361-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"167-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11150307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9773479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.1007/s00048-024-00381-6
Jan Jakub Surman
{"title":"Antonie Doležalová and Mikuláš Teich 2021. Mikuláš Teich: Moje století (1918-2018). Intelektuální biografie v dialogu [Mikuláš Teich: My Century (1918-2018). Intellectual Biographies in Dialogue] : Prag: Galén, hardcover, 373 pages, numerous images, 14 €. ISBN: 9788074925030.","authors":"Jan Jakub Surman","doi":"10.1007/s00048-024-00381-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00048-024-00381-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1007/s00048-024-00377-2
Agnès Arp
{"title":"[Oral History in Medicine and Narrative Medicine - a Commentary on the Question of Vulnerability].","authors":"Agnès Arp","doi":"10.1007/s00048-024-00377-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-024-00377-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"53-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10914900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-02-29DOI: 10.1007/s00048-024-00379-0
Constanze Reila Schliwa
{"title":"[Talking about it, that's what helped me : Childhood in 'Normal Children's Homes' in the GDR - Oral History in (Medical?) Practice].","authors":"Constanze Reila Schliwa","doi":"10.1007/s00048-024-00379-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-024-00379-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"71-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10914909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139991404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-01-05DOI: 10.1007/s00048-023-00373-y
Robert-Jan Wille
{"title":"Absent Balloons? How a Global Germany Contributed to a European Physics of the Atmosphere.","authors":"Robert-Jan Wille","doi":"10.1007/s00048-023-00373-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-023-00373-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"81-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139098914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-12-13DOI: 10.1007/s00048-023-00369-8
Andrés Vélez-Posada
{"title":"Jaime Marroquín Arredondo and Ralph Bauer (eds.) 2019: Translating Nature. Cross-Cultural Histories of Early Modern Science and Allison Margaret Bigelow 2020: Mining Language. Racial Thinking, Indigenous Knowledge, and Colonial Metallurgy in the Early Modern Iberian World.","authors":"Andrés Vélez-Posada","doi":"10.1007/s00048-023-00369-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-023-00369-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"97-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1007/s00048-024-00376-3
Felicitas Söhner, Nils Hansson, Thorsten Halling
{"title":"[Oral History in Medicine-Challenges and Opportunities].","authors":"Felicitas Söhner, Nils Hansson, Thorsten Halling","doi":"10.1007/s00048-024-00376-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-024-00376-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"39-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10914920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1007/s00048-024-00378-1
Frank Sparing, Nils Löffelbein, Uta Hinz
{"title":"[Oral History. Interviews with psychiatric patients and residents of institutions for the disabled‑a field report].","authors":"Frank Sparing, Nils Löffelbein, Uta Hinz","doi":"10.1007/s00048-024-00378-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-024-00378-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":" ","pages":"61-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10914867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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