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Radioisotopes were one of the defining innovations in clinical internal medicine in the post-war period. Medical university clinics used radioisotopes in the treatment of previously untreatable diseases and at the same time used them to study physiological processes in the laboratory. In the mid-1950s, new technical methods-such as scintigraphy-expanded the diagnostic and therapeutic repertoire of internal medicine. The article uses the example of isotope research to highlight the significance of technology-driven processes of change for the internal medicine clinic in West Germany. In addition, transfer processes between basic medical research and clinical research are examined and analyzed as a form of translational medicine avant la lettre.

What was Leibniz's approach to artisanal knowledge? And how did he consider it with respect to mathematical, and more concretely, to geometrical knowledge? On the one hand, Leibniz emphasizes several times in his writings that one should extract "secrets and inventions" from the artisans. On the other hand, Leibniz points out that such artisans cannot formulate by themselves the geometric principles at the base of their machines. In this paper, we examine these intricate relations between Leibniz's reflections on artisans, especially clockmakers and textile workers, as well as his thoughts on mechanical and geometric knowledge. Leibniz's considerations of various artisanal machines, like clocks and looms, lead us to discuss his wish to expand geometry, presenting these machines as embodying a "secret," "hidden," or even "deeper" or "more profound" geometry.

In the 1970s, historians discovered oral history as a new approach to the history of modern science. One example of this trend is the Recombinant DNA History Collection, which was created by Charles Weiner (1932-2012) at MIT in 1975. Following the approach of "history in the making", the collection aimed to document events that were considered turning points in the history of science. The collection included oral history interviews, audio and video recordings, press clippings, and further material around recombinant DNA (rDNA). In addition to the 1975 Asilomar Conference, the collection focused on the controversy about rDNA research in Cambridge (MA) in 1976/77. When Mayor Alfred Vellucci heard from Harvard's plan to build a laboratory for rDNA experiments on a P3 containment level, he convened two public hearings at the City Council in the summer of 1976. After a critical assessment of potential hazards of rDNA research by a citizen board, Cambridge passed the first local ordinance for the regulation rDNA research in the United States. In the following, I argue that the Recombinant DNA History Collection challenged the myth of neutral, objective, and disinterested science. Yet at the same time, it created new myths.

The jeep was one of the most important pieces of equipment used by the US American army in the Second World War and was heroized accordingly during and after the war. At the same time, the post-war use of hundreds of thousands of jeeps was unclear. Repurposing them as agricultural equipment proved to be difficult. Instead, Jeeps were often put to new uses in different geographical contexts and represented a form of late and post-colonial infrastructure, especially in parts of the world with little access to transportation and road networks. However, jeeps were far more than simple transportation devices. They enabled access to remote regions and villages, with the aim of allowing them to participate in a seemingly global information society.At the same time, the Jeep began its rise as a status symbol of the upper American middle class. Design played a decisive role in bringing the Jeep together with the changing mental maps of the post-war period. Brooks Stevens and Henry Kaiser in particular played an important role in giving the former military vehicle a completely different use, although in many respects it remained part of the modernizing mission of the Postwar period. This essay understands these two uses of the Jeep not as coincidental parallel developments, but reads them as two sides of the same coin.

The Deutsches Museum in Munich has an extensive collection of calculating devices. The main collection consists of mechanical slide rules from various manufacturers from the years 1870-1970. This includes a large number of special slide rules from technical fields, which formed the starting point for a research project at the museum. The article explores the professional context of selected objects which were used in scientific management, brewing and shipbuilding. Against this background, technical, economic and social factors promoting or inhibiting the integration of mathematical methods in the respective fields of work are identified. Finally, the examples are used to discuss the role of mathematics in the transformation of technical trades and professions during the period of high industrialization.

Using the example of the feminist magazine Courage, the article shows how its participatory production process enabled a psy-feminist knowledge generation that also included women with psychiatric experience. The magazine makers combined the women's observations, perceptions and interpretations with visual representations and a canon of literature that extended far beyond the field of psychiatry (criticism). Instead of medical psychopathologies, the women of Courage implemented writing styles and visual languages, which emphasised the experience of mental suffering and alterity and related it to the social position of women. At the same time, Courage also presented alternative feminist treatments and therapies. The Courage's critique of psychiatry was characterised by a multi-perspective approach that removed the topic of "women in psychiatry" from the narrow field of psychiatry, psychology and psychotherapy and expanded it to include artistic, patient- and experience-oriented and socio-critical perspectives.

From a gender-historical perspective, this article deals with the history of and discussions around an observed increase in female alcoholism. Since the 1950s, psychiatric, pedagogical and psychological discourses have lamented the increasing consumption of alcohol by women, and identified women's emancipation as its cause. The article examines the male-dominated debates on female alcoholism up to 1968 and the emerging feminist counter-movement that followed. It analyzes the shifts in the social role of women as expressed in the discussions about 'the drinking woman' as well as simultaneous scientific-patriarchal counter-movements. On the one hand, the article shows how a classic concept of addiction is eroding due to the failure of medical treatment attempts and is being replaced by new psychosocial explanatory knowledge. On the other hand, it illustrates how women's self-help is appropriating and reinterpreting this knowledge.