Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/21598282.2023.2223092
Enfu Cheng, Shaoyong Sun
ABSTRACT Democracy should not be only a matter of form, but should be genuine and workable. This article makes a comprehensive comparison between the political systems in China and the United States, using Chinese President Xi Jinping’s eight “whether to do” and four “depending on” criteria in order to judge whether each country’s political system is democratic and effective. The people’s democracy in China has always been based on the principle that the people must be at its center. Bringing to realization the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people is always regarded as the starting point and guarantee of democratic construction, and the people’s democratic right to be masters of the country is ensured through the establishing of a set of institutional systems. This approach determines fully that the socialist democratic political system with Chinese characteristics is real, effective and workable. The United States is a country based on “elite democracy” and the nature and mode of democracy there often turns into an alliance of, or competition between, parties and capitalist interests. This is a democracy in which politicians and capitalist oligarchs manipulate public opinion for their special purposes, a situation that amounts in essence to a takeover of sovereignty by oligarchic monopolies.
{"title":"Criteria for a Democratic and Effective National Political System: A Comparison of Democratic Political Systems in China and the United States","authors":"Enfu Cheng, Shaoyong Sun","doi":"10.1080/21598282.2023.2223092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2023.2223092","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Democracy should not be only a matter of form, but should be genuine and workable. This article makes a comprehensive comparison between the political systems in China and the United States, using Chinese President Xi Jinping’s eight “whether to do” and four “depending on” criteria in order to judge whether each country’s political system is democratic and effective. The people’s democracy in China has always been based on the principle that the people must be at its center. Bringing to realization the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people is always regarded as the starting point and guarantee of democratic construction, and the people’s democratic right to be masters of the country is ensured through the establishing of a set of institutional systems. This approach determines fully that the socialist democratic political system with Chinese characteristics is real, effective and workable. The United States is a country based on “elite democracy” and the nature and mode of democracy there often turns into an alliance of, or competition between, parties and capitalist interests. This is a democracy in which politicians and capitalist oligarchs manipulate public opinion for their special purposes, a situation that amounts in essence to a takeover of sovereignty by oligarchic monopolies.","PeriodicalId":43179,"journal":{"name":"International Critical Thought","volume":"13 1","pages":"177 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80337281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/21598282.2023.2207447
R. Desai, Enfu Cheng, John Ross, Carlos Ron, J. Clegg, Ajamu Baraka, Keith Bennett, O. Barabanov, Gabriel Rockhill, Sara Flounders, A. Freeman, C. Martínez, Ben Norton
ABSTRACT The International Manifesto Group launched its manifesto, “Through Pluripolarity to Socialism” on 5 September 2021. Then, the world’s attention was riveted to the US’s ignominious exit from Afghanistan. The following speeches, delivered at the webinar to mark the first anniversary of the event, reflect on the tumultuous events of the year since, dominated by the US-led war on Russia, using Ukraine as a proxy, its wider international reverberations which have underlined as well as accelerated the US’s decline and declining international influence and by the very real prospect that a similar US-led war is being planned against China using Taiwan region as a proxy. The speeches below find that, though the Manifesto’s text was finalised before anyone could have imagined such wars, its general line pointing to the decline of capitalism and imperialism and the imperative for humanity to progress through pluripolarity—a world of variety of national economic formations that will inevitably result as efforts to build productive and egalitarian societies are undertaken—to socialism as capitalism’s ability to deliver anything remotely similar is manifestly exhausted, has been vindicated.
{"title":"“Through Pluripolarity to Socialism: A Manifesto” One Year On","authors":"R. Desai, Enfu Cheng, John Ross, Carlos Ron, J. Clegg, Ajamu Baraka, Keith Bennett, O. Barabanov, Gabriel Rockhill, Sara Flounders, A. Freeman, C. Martínez, Ben Norton","doi":"10.1080/21598282.2023.2207447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2023.2207447","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The International Manifesto Group launched its manifesto, “Through Pluripolarity to Socialism” on 5 September 2021. Then, the world’s attention was riveted to the US’s ignominious exit from Afghanistan. The following speeches, delivered at the webinar to mark the first anniversary of the event, reflect on the tumultuous events of the year since, dominated by the US-led war on Russia, using Ukraine as a proxy, its wider international reverberations which have underlined as well as accelerated the US’s decline and declining international influence and by the very real prospect that a similar US-led war is being planned against China using Taiwan region as a proxy. The speeches below find that, though the Manifesto’s text was finalised before anyone could have imagined such wars, its general line pointing to the decline of capitalism and imperialism and the imperative for humanity to progress through pluripolarity—a world of variety of national economic formations that will inevitably result as efforts to build productive and egalitarian societies are undertaken—to socialism as capitalism’s ability to deliver anything remotely similar is manifestly exhausted, has been vindicated.","PeriodicalId":43179,"journal":{"name":"International Critical Thought","volume":"93 1","pages":"273 - 309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83883781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.1080/21598282.2022.2163683
Peter Dinuš
ABSTRACT The content of the study is socio-political development in Czechoslovakia, known as the so-called Prague Spring or “revival process.” It started in January 1968, when A. Dubček became First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. The Czechoslovak “revival process” found its theoretical expression in the concept of the scientific and technological revolution and the “Action Program of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.” In practical politics, Dubček’s party leadership led to the strengthening of pro-capitalist tendencies and forces in society, which threatened to grow into the elimination of the fundamental pillars of Czechoslovak socialism.
{"title":"The Czechoslovak Year 1968: An Attempt to Revise Marxism-Leninism and Its Political Consequences","authors":"Peter Dinuš","doi":"10.1080/21598282.2022.2163683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2022.2163683","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The content of the study is socio-political development in Czechoslovakia, known as the so-called Prague Spring or “revival process.” It started in January 1968, when A. Dubček became First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. The Czechoslovak “revival process” found its theoretical expression in the concept of the scientific and technological revolution and the “Action Program of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.” In practical politics, Dubček’s party leadership led to the strengthening of pro-capitalist tendencies and forces in society, which threatened to grow into the elimination of the fundamental pillars of Czechoslovak socialism.","PeriodicalId":43179,"journal":{"name":"International Critical Thought","volume":"62 1","pages":"241 - 255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90119016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21598282.2022.2163417
M. Dunford
ABSTRACT The military conflict between Russia and Ukraine that is also a conflict between Russia and the United States and its NATO allies is fundamentally a result of two interconnected factors. The first is the threat to the security of Russia posed by the enlargement of NATO in violation of commitments made at the time of the reunification of Germany and of the principle of indivisible security. The second is deeply rooted internal divisions in Ukraine that were exacerbated by ethnic nationalism and the imposition of divisive national identity that led to demands for a degree of regional autonomy and a civil war that successive governments and external parties did not or did not want to resolve. In these years Ukraine served as an instrument in a US strategy to weaken a strategic rival, prevent Eurasian integration and preserve the unipolar order that had emerged with the collapse of the Soviet Union. On present trends the losers will be Ukraine as it existed until February 2022, Europe and Germany although, depending on the outcome, it may also accelerate the transition to a new multipolar world order.
{"title":"Causes of the Crisis in Ukraine","authors":"M. Dunford","doi":"10.1080/21598282.2022.2163417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2022.2163417","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The military conflict between Russia and Ukraine that is also a conflict between Russia and the United States and its NATO allies is fundamentally a result of two interconnected factors. The first is the threat to the security of Russia posed by the enlargement of NATO in violation of commitments made at the time of the reunification of Germany and of the principle of indivisible security. The second is deeply rooted internal divisions in Ukraine that were exacerbated by ethnic nationalism and the imposition of divisive national identity that led to demands for a degree of regional autonomy and a civil war that successive governments and external parties did not or did not want to resolve. In these years Ukraine served as an instrument in a US strategy to weaken a strategic rival, prevent Eurasian integration and preserve the unipolar order that had emerged with the collapse of the Soviet Union. On present trends the losers will be Ukraine as it existed until February 2022, Europe and Germany although, depending on the outcome, it may also accelerate the transition to a new multipolar world order.","PeriodicalId":43179,"journal":{"name":"International Critical Thought","volume":"8 1","pages":"89 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87128776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21598282.2023.2186015
A. Artner
ABSTRACT With Russia’s attack on Ukraine the decline of the imperialist rule of the United States and its subordinate allies has accelerated, while the emergence of a multipolar world draws nearer. The author first describes how the structure, toolkit, inherent contradictions of imperialism, as well as the role of fascism, have altered in the last century, then explains the challenges imperialism faces today. This is followed by a discussion of the reasons for the Ukrainian war and the unhuman reactions of the North Atlantic powers. The author argues that only the defeat of imperialism and the emergence of a multipolar world will open the road to socialism at global level.
{"title":"A New World Is Born: Russia’s Anti-imperialist Fight in Ukraine","authors":"A. Artner","doi":"10.1080/21598282.2023.2186015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2023.2186015","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With Russia’s attack on Ukraine the decline of the imperialist rule of the United States and its subordinate allies has accelerated, while the emergence of a multipolar world draws nearer. The author first describes how the structure, toolkit, inherent contradictions of imperialism, as well as the role of fascism, have altered in the last century, then explains the challenges imperialism faces today. This is followed by a discussion of the reasons for the Ukrainian war and the unhuman reactions of the North Atlantic powers. The author argues that only the defeat of imperialism and the emergence of a multipolar world will open the road to socialism at global level.","PeriodicalId":43179,"journal":{"name":"International Critical Thought","volume":"12 1","pages":"37 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75403931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21598282.2023.2184927
Airu Chen
ABSTRACT Following Ukraine’s declaration of independence in 1991, the country’s ruling class initiated a process of capitalist development that it has carried forward ever since. Politically, Ukraine has sought closer ties with the West, and has turned to the Right. Economically, it has abandoned the socialist road for a capitalist one, which instead of bringing development and prosperity has led to deindustrialization and recurrent economic crises. Ukraine’s persistent turn to the Right has to a marked degree torn apart Ukrainian society; it served as the root cause of the Crimean referendum on rejoining Russia and of the civil war in the Donbas region, before dragging Ukraine into conflict with Russia. After three decades of capitalist development, Ukraine has turned from a strong industrial power into the poorest country in Europe.
{"title":"A Review and Analysis of Ukraine’s Road towards Capitalism over the Past Three Decades","authors":"Airu Chen","doi":"10.1080/21598282.2023.2184927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2023.2184927","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Following Ukraine’s declaration of independence in 1991, the country’s ruling class initiated a process of capitalist development that it has carried forward ever since. Politically, Ukraine has sought closer ties with the West, and has turned to the Right. Economically, it has abandoned the socialist road for a capitalist one, which instead of bringing development and prosperity has led to deindustrialization and recurrent economic crises. Ukraine’s persistent turn to the Right has to a marked degree torn apart Ukrainian society; it served as the root cause of the Crimean referendum on rejoining Russia and of the civil war in the Donbas region, before dragging Ukraine into conflict with Russia. After three decades of capitalist development, Ukraine has turned from a strong industrial power into the poorest country in Europe.","PeriodicalId":43179,"journal":{"name":"International Critical Thought","volume":"1 1","pages":"126 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78892257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21598282.2022.2163416
J. Noonan
ABSTRACT The article examines the role of politics and ideology in post-Cold War imperialism, focusing on the current conflict between Russia, Ukraine, the United States, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and the European Union. The article argues that primary causes are not economic but primarily political and ideological. While there are clear raisons d’etat that explain all sides’ decisions, the article claims that there is a contradiction between the raisons d’etat and an objectively rational assessment of the stated goals and the actors’ ability to attain them. The article concludes that while the Marxist understanding of imperialism includes a focus on both its political and economic dynamics, they can sometimes over-emphasize the economic and objective rationality of political decisions. The current conflict in Ukraine, the article will argue, is a paradigm example of raisons d’etat becoming unhinged from objectively rational strategies and economically rational capitalist motives.
{"title":"Ukraine Conflict as a Case of the Political Contradictions of Contemporary Imperialism","authors":"J. Noonan","doi":"10.1080/21598282.2022.2163416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2022.2163416","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The article examines the role of politics and ideology in post-Cold War imperialism, focusing on the current conflict between Russia, Ukraine, the United States, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and the European Union. The article argues that primary causes are not economic but primarily political and ideological. While there are clear raisons d’etat that explain all sides’ decisions, the article claims that there is a contradiction between the raisons d’etat and an objectively rational assessment of the stated goals and the actors’ ability to attain them. The article concludes that while the Marxist understanding of imperialism includes a focus on both its political and economic dynamics, they can sometimes over-emphasize the economic and objective rationality of political decisions. The current conflict in Ukraine, the article will argue, is a paradigm example of raisons d’etat becoming unhinged from objectively rational strategies and economically rational capitalist motives.","PeriodicalId":43179,"journal":{"name":"International Critical Thought","volume":"10 1","pages":"1 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82938560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21598282.2023.2188575
Tim Beal
ABSTRACT The Ukraine war is a proxy conflict whereby the US hopes to destroy Russia as a challenge to its hegemony. Although the kinetic war has, so far, been confined to Ukraine, Europe is also a key instrument in the American arsenal. However, Europe is also an objective of the war because it forms the western end of Eurasia. This great landmass, principally comprising China, Russia, and Europe, not merely challenges US political and military power, but is a counterbalance to the US-dominated maritime global economy. This essay traces these geostrategic concerns from Mackinder to the present day, within the evolving geopolitical context. Europe is both a weapon of war and a victim, with de-industrialization, immiseration and social turmoil looming. This presents US strategy with problems since the mix of advantages and disadvantages is uncertain and the ramifications unpredictable.
{"title":"Weaponizing Europe, Countering Eurasia: Mackinder, Brzezinski, Nuland and the Road to the Ukraine War","authors":"Tim Beal","doi":"10.1080/21598282.2023.2188575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2023.2188575","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Ukraine war is a proxy conflict whereby the US hopes to destroy Russia as a challenge to its hegemony. Although the kinetic war has, so far, been confined to Ukraine, Europe is also a key instrument in the American arsenal. However, Europe is also an objective of the war because it forms the western end of Eurasia. This great landmass, principally comprising China, Russia, and Europe, not merely challenges US political and military power, but is a counterbalance to the US-dominated maritime global economy. This essay traces these geostrategic concerns from Mackinder to the present day, within the evolving geopolitical context. Europe is both a weapon of war and a victim, with de-industrialization, immiseration and social turmoil looming. This presents US strategy with problems since the mix of advantages and disadvantages is uncertain and the ramifications unpredictable.","PeriodicalId":43179,"journal":{"name":"International Critical Thought","volume":"363 1","pages":"56 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76170555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21598282.2023.2163364
Roger van Zwanenberg
ABSTRACT At the heart of this conflict of Ukraine war is the American threat to break Russia into multiple states; alongside the Russian threat to create a new global trading currency with China as equal partners. These two contrary themes find themselves in mortal conflict in the land of Ukraine. The argument is that this bigger picture of this war explains why both sides are likely to fight to the end. Neither think that they can concede.
{"title":"Ukraine, World Power and Imperialism","authors":"Roger van Zwanenberg","doi":"10.1080/21598282.2023.2163364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2023.2163364","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT At the heart of this conflict of Ukraine war is the American threat to break Russia into multiple states; alongside the Russian threat to create a new global trading currency with China as equal partners. These two contrary themes find themselves in mortal conflict in the land of Ukraine. The argument is that this bigger picture of this war explains why both sides are likely to fight to the end. Neither think that they can concede.","PeriodicalId":43179,"journal":{"name":"International Critical Thought","volume":"27 1","pages":"22 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81300026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21598282.2023.2185901
D. Gaido
ABSTRACT This article deals with views of the American scholar of Russian studies Stephen F. Cohen (1928–2020) on what he termed the “new Cold War”—i.e., the confrontation between the United States and Russia brought about by the US-driven expansion of NATO to Eastern Europe. Given the topicality of Cohen’s views for the analysis of the current war in Ukraine, this article offers a summary and critical assessment of Cohen’s analyses and of his warnings about the potential consequences of US foreign policy in Europe. The conclusion is that Cohen’s analysis was vindicated by the outbreak of the current war in Ukraine, but that his “Russo-centric” view is too narrow, and that his analysis must be placed in the larger global context within which the war in Ukraine takes place: US imperialism’s two-pronged aggression against both Russia and China.
{"title":"An Alternative View of the Ukrainian Conflict: Stephen F. Cohen on the Origins of the New Cold War","authors":"D. Gaido","doi":"10.1080/21598282.2023.2185901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2023.2185901","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article deals with views of the American scholar of Russian studies Stephen F. Cohen (1928–2020) on what he termed the “new Cold War”—i.e., the confrontation between the United States and Russia brought about by the US-driven expansion of NATO to Eastern Europe. Given the topicality of Cohen’s views for the analysis of the current war in Ukraine, this article offers a summary and critical assessment of Cohen’s analyses and of his warnings about the potential consequences of US foreign policy in Europe. The conclusion is that Cohen’s analysis was vindicated by the outbreak of the current war in Ukraine, but that his “Russo-centric” view is too narrow, and that his analysis must be placed in the larger global context within which the war in Ukraine takes place: US imperialism’s two-pronged aggression against both Russia and China.","PeriodicalId":43179,"journal":{"name":"International Critical Thought","volume":"39 1","pages":"138 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86190503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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