Law of Teachers and Lecturers (UUGD) as a form of recognition and appreciation to teachers and lecturers' profession. In the implementation of UUGD, teacher governance is often very complex and faced with various problems. The question in this study is why teacher governance has not been good. This study uses the qualitative approach chosen because of its open and flexible nature. Through open interviews (individuals and groups) as well as several focus group discussions (FGD) FGD found that teacher governance problems in the implementation of UUGD are related to many issues, for example: the lack of clear definitions of teachers and their implications on additional tasks (structural) and functional supervisors, curriculum changes, quantity-distribution-mutation of teachers, quality-specialization-workshops of civil servants and non-civil servants teachers, teacher protection, teacher awards, and teacher professional organizations.
{"title":"Implementation of The Law of Teachers and Lecturers","authors":"S. Lestari","doi":"10.29062/EDU.V4I3.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29062/EDU.V4I3.219","url":null,"abstract":"Law of Teachers and Lecturers (UUGD) as a form of recognition and appreciation to teachers and lecturers' profession. In the implementation of UUGD, teacher governance is often very complex and faced with various problems. The question in this study is why teacher governance has not been good. This study uses the qualitative approach chosen because of its open and flexible nature. Through open interviews (individuals and groups) as well as several focus group discussions (FGD) FGD found that teacher governance problems in the implementation of UUGD are related to many issues, for example: the lack of clear definitions of teachers and their implications on additional tasks (structural) and functional supervisors, curriculum changes, quantity-distribution-mutation of teachers, quality-specialization-workshops of civil servants and non-civil servants teachers, teacher protection, teacher awards, and teacher professional organizations.","PeriodicalId":43182,"journal":{"name":"Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43271903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: This study aims to describe: (1) the validity of student worksheets based on problem; (2) increasing the mathematical communication skills of high school students by using student worksheets based on problem; (3) student responses to the development of student worksheets based on problem. This research is research and development. This research was conducted using Dick and Carrey model. The population in this study were all students of class X Darul Aitami private high school. Sampling used simple random sampling and the classes used as samples for the trial were class X-1 and class X-2. From the results of trial 1 and trial 2 it can be obtained: (1) student worksheets are included in the valid category, reviewed from several aspects, namely: format, language, material, and content. (2) the improvement of students 'mathematical communication skills by using student worksheets based on problem increased by 6.9%, in the first trial results the students' average score was 73.4% and after conducting the second trial it increased by 80.3%. (3) student responses to the components of student worksheets and learning activities using student worksheets are positive. Furthermore, it is suggested that teachers can use student worksheets based on problem as an alternative to learning, with the guidance or questions provided that are affordable to students, so that students understand the problems they are given more easily.
{"title":"Development of Student Worksheet Based on Problem to Improve Student’s Mathematics Communication Skills","authors":"F. hayati, A. Rahman, C. E. Nasryah","doi":"10.51276/EDU.V2I2.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51276/EDU.V2I2.135","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This study aims to describe: (1) the validity of student worksheets based on problem; (2) increasing the mathematical communication skills of high school students by using student worksheets based on problem; (3) student responses to the development of student worksheets based on problem. This research is research and development. This research was conducted using Dick and Carrey model. The population in this study were all students of class X Darul Aitami private high school. Sampling used simple random sampling and the classes used as samples for the trial were class X-1 and class X-2. From the results of trial 1 and trial 2 it can be obtained: (1) student worksheets are included in the valid category, reviewed from several aspects, namely: format, language, material, and content. (2) the improvement of students 'mathematical communication skills by using student worksheets based on problem increased by 6.9%, in the first trial results the students' average score was 73.4% and after conducting the second trial it increased by 80.3%. (3) student responses to the components of student worksheets and learning activities using student worksheets are positive. Furthermore, it is suggested that teachers can use student worksheets based on problem as an alternative to learning, with the guidance or questions provided that are affordable to students, so that students understand the problems they are given more easily.","PeriodicalId":43182,"journal":{"name":"Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos","volume":"2 1","pages":"557-568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48912055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of human resource development management to increase quality at SD Negeri 90 Ogan Komering Hulu (OKU). This research is a qualitative research with qualitative descriptive approach. The data obtained were collected through observation, interview and documentation techniques. The results showed that the human resource development steps carried out at SD Negeri 90 OKU were carried out in 7 steps, namely compiling programs, determining needs, determining targets, determining programs, identifying learning principles, program implementation and evaluation of program implementation. Human resource management at SD Negeri 90 OKU, both in terms of quality improvement, implementation, supporting factors and the quality of education have been running optimally.
本研究旨在确定SD Negeri 90 Ogan Komering Hulu (OKU)人力资源开发管理对提高质量的有效性。本研究采用定性描述方法进行定性研究。所获得的数据是通过观察、访谈和文献技术收集的。结果表明，SD Negeri 90 OKU的人力资源开发步骤分为编制计划、确定需求、确定目标、确定计划、确定学习原则、计划实施和评估计划实施7个步骤。SD Negeri 90 OKU的人力资源管理，无论是在质量改进，实施，支持因素和教育质量方面都运行得很好。
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Human Resource Development Management in Efforts to Improve The Quality of Education in SD Negeri 90 Ogan Komering Ulu","authors":"Dauzar Dauzar, Happy Fitria, Alhadi Yan Putra","doi":"10.51276/EDU.V2I2.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51276/EDU.V2I2.157","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the effectiveness of human resource development management to increase quality at SD Negeri 90 Ogan Komering Hulu (OKU). This research is a qualitative research with qualitative descriptive approach. The data obtained were collected through observation, interview and documentation techniques. The results showed that the human resource development steps carried out at SD Negeri 90 OKU were carried out in 7 steps, namely compiling programs, determining needs, determining targets, determining programs, identifying learning principles, program implementation and evaluation of program implementation. Human resource management at SD Negeri 90 OKU, both in terms of quality improvement, implementation, supporting factors and the quality of education have been running optimally.","PeriodicalId":43182,"journal":{"name":"Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos","volume":"2 1","pages":"534-550"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43987575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license Abstract: low activity and student learning outcomes in a class are influenced by several factors, one of which is because the behavior and learning models used by the teacher are not yet correct in implementing a learning process. These problems can affect the activity and completeness of student learning outcomes, so there needs to be special instruments that make them more active, especially on the subject of biology which contains many scientific names such as on the subject of Plantae. The purpose of this study was to determine the collaboration of three discussion instruments with the task of learning media products in the form of power points to increase student activity and student learning outcomes of class X MIPA-1 on the subject of Plantae. This research method uses comparative descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach using simple formulas in the form of calculating averages and percentages. The results of this study indicate that the class average score is 83.64 with the completeness of learning outcomes 90.91% with this value the completeness criteria can be categorized as achieved with student activity increasing from 73.21% to 96.63% with the criteria categorized as very good.
{"title":"Increasing Activities and Learning Outcomes of Class X MIPA-1 SMAN 1 Danau Panggang through Collaboration of 3 Kinds of Discussion Instruments with Animated Product Assignments","authors":"N. Noraini","doi":"10.51276/EDU.V2I2.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51276/EDU.V2I2.160","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license Abstract: low activity and student learning outcomes in a class are influenced by several factors, one of which is because the behavior and learning models used by the teacher are not yet correct in implementing a learning process. These problems can affect the activity and completeness of student learning outcomes, so there needs to be special instruments that make them more active, especially on the subject of biology which contains many scientific names such as on the subject of Plantae. The purpose of this study was to determine the collaboration of three discussion instruments with the task of learning media products in the form of power points to increase student activity and student learning outcomes of class X MIPA-1 on the subject of Plantae. This research method uses comparative descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach using simple formulas in the form of calculating averages and percentages. The results of this study indicate that the class average score is 83.64 with the completeness of learning outcomes 90.91% with this value the completeness criteria can be categorized as achieved with student activity increasing from 73.21% to 96.63% with the criteria categorized as very good.","PeriodicalId":43182,"journal":{"name":"Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos","volume":"2 1","pages":"527-533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45458621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license Abstract: The stages in making the education policy process by Formulation and Adoption process. The policy formulation is intended for the best problem solving derived from various alternatives or existing policy options. The problem of revision of the Islamic Education curriculum is one of the solutions for handling radicalism in Islamic Religion Education (IRE) curriculum from several policy options including the elimination of jihad and caliphate material, changing subjects, transferring caliphate material to subjects of Islamic cultural history, while Jihad material is more directed towards a seriousness to do best activities. After choosing the best policy, it needs to be legitimized so that the decision is well received because it is in accordance with the procedures applicable to the general public and political or moral values. The policy for revising the IRE curriculum is contained in Decision of Religion Ministry no 183/2019 and endorsed by the Ministry of Religion in the field of Islamic Education, so that it becomes the best guideline in national and state life by maintaining national security stability.
{"title":"Policy Formulation and Adoption of Revised Islamic Education Curriculum as stated in the Decree of Religion's Ministry (KMA) Number 183 of 2019","authors":"Omay Komarudin, Qiqi Yulianti Zakiyah, Supiana Supiana","doi":"10.51276/EDU.V2I2.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51276/EDU.V2I2.154","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license Abstract: The stages in making the education policy process by Formulation and Adoption process. The policy formulation is intended for the best problem solving derived from various alternatives or existing policy options. The problem of revision of the Islamic Education curriculum is one of the solutions for handling radicalism in Islamic Religion Education (IRE) curriculum from several policy options including the elimination of jihad and caliphate material, changing subjects, transferring caliphate material to subjects of Islamic cultural history, while Jihad material is more directed towards a seriousness to do best activities. After choosing the best policy, it needs to be legitimized so that the decision is well received because it is in accordance with the procedures applicable to the general public and political or moral values. The policy for revising the IRE curriculum is contained in Decision of Religion Ministry no 183/2019 and endorsed by the Ministry of Religion in the field of Islamic Education, so that it becomes the best guideline in national and state life by maintaining national security stability.","PeriodicalId":43182,"journal":{"name":"Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos","volume":"2 1","pages":"514-526"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46235354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyzes the possible effect of task division within households made up of united and married couples, on their levels and intensities of participation in the labor market. With data from the Time Use Module, added to the Annual Survey of Urban Households (2013), the following hypothesis is empirically explored: households made up of unmarried couples actually distribute domestic tasks (unpaid) more equally than households of married couples do, which leads to a more similar labor participation both in incidence and in intensity of participation. In other words, men and women who are members of the latter tend to be more specialized and, therefore, a gap of participation between genders is observed in these couples that is wider than that registered between men and women in fact united.
{"title":"Brecha de género en la participación laboral y el tipo de unión conyugal en Argentina","authors":"J. Paz","doi":"10.24201/EDU.V36I2.1831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24201/EDU.V36I2.1831","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the possible effect of task division within households made up of united and married couples, on their levels and intensities of participation in the labor market. With data from the Time Use Module, added to the Annual Survey of Urban Households (2013), the following hypothesis is empirically explored: households made up of unmarried couples actually distribute domestic tasks (unpaid) more equally than households of married couples do, which leads to a more similar labor participation both in incidence and in intensity of participation. In other words, men and women who are members of the latter tend to be more specialized and, therefore, a gap of participation between genders is observed in these couples that is wider than that registered between men and women in fact united.","PeriodicalId":43182,"journal":{"name":"Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos","volume":"36 1","pages":"597-635"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48915118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Environmental governance in Mexico has been mostly analyzed through emphasizing contentious actors and conflicts. Nevertheless, this perspective does not reveal the complex settings of environmental governance as regulatory framework for capital accumulation. In this article, I explain how the Mexican government arranged the conditions to stablish itself as the main actor and recipient of the program known as payments for ecosystem services of the forest. Through the state formation framework and over a case study, I try to reveal the real purposes behind this environmental policy, and how it works as an instrumental governance to attain and increase economic and political benefits for state power.
{"title":"El Estado como capataz. Política ambiental, gobernanza y reterritorialización en el bosque tropical del Caribe mexicano","authors":"Ángeles A. López Santillán","doi":"10.24201/EDU.V36I2.1901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24201/EDU.V36I2.1901","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental governance in Mexico has been mostly analyzed through emphasizing contentious actors and conflicts. Nevertheless, this perspective does not reveal the complex settings of environmental governance as regulatory framework for capital accumulation. In this article, I explain how the Mexican government arranged the conditions to stablish itself as the main actor and recipient of the program known as payments for ecosystem services of the forest. Through the state formation framework and over a case study, I try to reveal the real purposes behind this environmental policy, and how it works as an instrumental governance to attain and increase economic and political benefits for state power.","PeriodicalId":43182,"journal":{"name":"Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos","volume":"36 1","pages":"493-532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45862006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dionicio Morales Ramírez, Elías Alvarado Lagunas, Luis Jonás González Del Ángel
El objetivo del trabajo consiste en identificar la disposición al ahorro de energía eléctrica que presentan los hogares de México. Para ello, se analiza un total de 2 815 hogares provenientes de la Encuesta Nacional de los Hogares, así como del Módulo Hogares y Medio Ambiente (2017). Además, se estima un modelo de regresión logística para identificar los determinantes de dicha disposición. Los resultados encontrados señalan que sólo el 50.6% de los hogares presenta una disposición al ahorro de electricidad, y que las características de la vivienda, el tamaño de la localidad, la ubicación geográfica y la compra de enseres eléctricos con cierta conciencia ecológica son determinantes para explicarla, en tanto que el precio del servicio no fue relevante. Por lo tanto, las estrategias de ahorro deben de provenir principalmente de programas que estimulen los hábitos de uso.
{"title":"Disposición al ahorro de energía eléctrica en los hogares de México","authors":"Dionicio Morales Ramírez, Elías Alvarado Lagunas, Luis Jonás González Del Ángel","doi":"10.24201/EDU.V36I2.2002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24201/EDU.V36I2.2002","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo del trabajo consiste en identificar la disposición al ahorro de energía eléctrica que presentan los hogares de México. Para ello, se analiza un total de 2 815 hogares provenientes de la Encuesta Nacional de los Hogares, así como del Módulo Hogares y Medio Ambiente (2017). Además, se estima un modelo de regresión logística para identificar los determinantes de dicha disposición. Los resultados encontrados señalan que sólo el 50.6% de los hogares presenta una disposición al ahorro de electricidad, y que las características de la vivienda, el tamaño de la localidad, la ubicación geográfica y la compra de enseres eléctricos con cierta conciencia ecológica son determinantes para explicarla, en tanto que el precio del servicio no fue relevante. Por lo tanto, las estrategias de ahorro deben de provenir principalmente de programas que estimulen los hábitos de uso. ","PeriodicalId":43182,"journal":{"name":"Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos","volume":"36 1","pages":"533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43592805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eduardo Torre Cantalapiedra, Luis Enrique Calva Sánchez
By using data from the Survey on Migration in the Northern Border of Mexico, we analyze how the intentions to return to the United States of the men deported by the immigration authorities of that country vary, according to how they are affected by the deportation system, that criminalizes the undocumented migrants and their re-entry into the US territory and according to the members of their families who remain in that country after deportation. Additionally, we examine the figures of deportations, family separations, prohibitions of re-entry and intentions of re-entry.
{"title":"Criminalización, separación familiar y reemigración a Estados Unidos de varones mexicanos deportados","authors":"Eduardo Torre Cantalapiedra, Luis Enrique Calva Sánchez","doi":"10.24201/EDU.V36I2.1971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24201/EDU.V36I2.1971","url":null,"abstract":"By using data from the Survey on Migration in the Northern Border of Mexico, we analyze how the intentions to return to the United States of the men deported by the immigration authorities of that country vary, according to how they are affected by the deportation system, that criminalizes the undocumented migrants and their re-entry into the US territory and according to the members of their families who remain in that country after deportation. Additionally, we examine the figures of deportations, family separations, prohibitions of re-entry and intentions of re-entry.","PeriodicalId":43182,"journal":{"name":"Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos","volume":"36 1","pages":"637-672"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49224712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrés Enrique Miguel Velasco, Andrés Miguel Cruz, Karina Aidee Martínez García, Luz Astrid Martínez Sánchez, Lizbeth Fabiola García Cruz
El artículo analiza la influencia de la estructura territorial en la salud de las ciudades de Oaxaca. Plantea como hipótesis que esta influencia se manifiesta a través de la funcionalidad urbana. Utiliza como metodología el enfoque bayesiano para el cálculo de los indicadores básicos, y el análisis de redes para la comprobación de la hipótesis. Concluye que la estructura territorial no puede considerarse un factor que genere inequidad sanitaria en el estado de salud de sus pobladores, aunque comienza a destacar en las ciudades grandes y medianas de Oaxaca que aún no consolidan su infraestructura, equipamiento y servicios.
{"title":"Estructura territorial de las ciudades multiculturales y salud urbana en Oaxaca, México: un análisis bayesiano","authors":"Andrés Enrique Miguel Velasco, Andrés Miguel Cruz, Karina Aidee Martínez García, Luz Astrid Martínez Sánchez, Lizbeth Fabiola García Cruz","doi":"10.24201/EDU.V36I2.1952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24201/EDU.V36I2.1952","url":null,"abstract":"El artículo analiza la influencia de la estructura territorial en la salud de las ciudades de Oaxaca. Plantea como hipótesis que esta influencia se manifiesta a través de la funcionalidad urbana. Utiliza como metodología el enfoque bayesiano para el cálculo de los indicadores básicos, y el análisis de redes para la comprobación de la hipótesis. Concluye que la estructura territorial no puede considerarse un factor que genere inequidad sanitaria en el estado de salud de sus pobladores, aunque comienza a destacar en las ciudades grandes y medianas de Oaxaca que aún no consolidan su infraestructura, equipamiento y servicios. ","PeriodicalId":43182,"journal":{"name":"Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos","volume":"36 1","pages":"445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44816903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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