Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1017/s0332586524000052
Ditte Zachariassen
This article presents structural and interactional aspects of Strong Finals, a prosodic feature characterised by lengthening, increased volume, and non-falling intonation on word-final syllables. Interactionally, Strong Finals support five types of action: listing, projecting a description, stating conditions, asking questions, and announcing reported speech. In general, Strong Finals project that there is more to come, and this ‘more’ may in some cases be provided by either participant. Strong Finals are often found in multi-speaker settings, where they assist speakers in taking the floor or changing the topic. The article’s descriptions are based on recordings of natural spoken interaction in linguistically diverse areas in Aarhus, Denmark. Here, a new urban dialect has developed like other urban dialects that have been described in Copenhagen and other North Germanic cities. Strong Finals are a local phenomenon, however, and are not found in the Copenhagen studies.
{"title":"Strong Finals: A prosodic feature projecting ‘more to come’ in a Danish urban dialect","authors":"Ditte Zachariassen","doi":"10.1017/s0332586524000052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0332586524000052","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents structural and interactional aspects of Strong Finals, a prosodic feature characterised by lengthening, increased volume, and non-falling intonation on word-final syllables. Interactionally, Strong Finals support five types of action: listing, projecting a description, stating conditions, asking questions, and announcing reported speech. In general, Strong Finals project that there is more to come, and this ‘more’ may in some cases be provided by either participant. Strong Finals are often found in multi-speaker settings, where they assist speakers in taking the floor or changing the topic. The article’s descriptions are based on recordings of natural spoken interaction in linguistically diverse areas in Aarhus, Denmark. Here, a new urban dialect has developed like other urban dialects that have been described in Copenhagen and other North Germanic cities. Strong Finals are a local phenomenon, however, and are not found in the Copenhagen studies.","PeriodicalId":43203,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Linguistics","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.1017/s0332586524000039
Joren Somers, Gard B. Jenset, Jóhanna Barðdal
Alternating Dat-Nom/Nom-Dat verbs in Icelandic are notorious for instantiating two diametrically opposed argument structures: the Dat-Nom and the Nom-Dat construction. We conduct a systematic study of the relevant verbs to uncover the factors steering the alternation. This involves a comparison of 15 verbs, five alternating ones, and as a control, five Nom-Dat verbs and five non-alternating Dat-Nom verbs. Our findings show that alternating verbs instantiate the Nom-Dat construction 54% of the time and the Dat-Nom construction 46% of the time on average for four of five verbs when both arguments are full NPs. However, in configurations with a nominative pronoun, the Nom-Dat construction takes precedence over the Dat-Nom construction. Also, for the double-NP configuration, a logistic regression analysis identifies indefiniteness and length as two key predictors, apart from nominative case marking. We demonstrate that the latter systematically correlates with discourse-prominence, which we show, upon closer inspection, correlates with topicality.
{"title":"Argument structure constructions in competition: The Dat-Nom/Nom-Dat alternation in Icelandic","authors":"Joren Somers, Gard B. Jenset, Jóhanna Barðdal","doi":"10.1017/s0332586524000039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0332586524000039","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alternating Dat-Nom/Nom-Dat verbs in Icelandic are notorious for instantiating two diametrically opposed argument structures: the Dat-Nom and the Nom-Dat construction. We conduct a systematic study of the relevant verbs to uncover the factors steering the alternation. This involves a comparison of 15 verbs, five alternating ones, and as a control, five Nom-Dat verbs and five non-alternating Dat-Nom verbs. Our findings show that alternating verbs instantiate the Nom-Dat construction 54% of the time and the Dat-Nom construction 46% of the time on average for four of five verbs when both arguments are full NPs. However, in configurations with a nominative pronoun, the Nom-Dat construction takes precedence over the Dat-Nom construction. Also, for the double-NP configuration, a logistic regression analysis identifies indefiniteness and length as two key predictors, apart from nominative case marking. We demonstrate that the latter systematically correlates with discourse-prominence, which we show, upon closer inspection, correlates with topicality.</p>","PeriodicalId":43203,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Linguistics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140046042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-29DOI: 10.1017/s0332586524000027
Erik M. Petzell
The Gutnish-specific si-passive combines be or become with a participle, directly followed by the element si. Unlike regular periphrastic passives, si-passives focus on the process rather than the result, opening up the construction for unergatives, which are unattested in the regular type. However, si-passives are quite limited when it comes to the subject. Internal arguments can only become subjects if they strand a preposition or a particle. Otherwise, the subject is expletive. I argue that si is part of the participle ending in Aspo, where its phi-features block agreement with the internal argument, trapping it in situ and depriving Aspo of a link to the result of the event. Originally a reflexive, si was reanalysed as a marker of the participle rather than the infinitive in contexts where conjugational changes had made them ambiguous. These changes never affected Fårö, where the si-passive is thus correctly predicted to be absent.
古特尼什特有的 si-passive 将 be 或 become 与分词结合在一起，分词后直接跟 si 元素。与普通的谓语动词不同，si-受动词注重的是过程而不是结果，这就使得该结构可以使用在普通类型中没有出现过的单格动词。不过，si-旁助词在主语方面有相当大的限制。内部分词只有在与介词或谓语动词相连时才能成为主语。否则，主语就是语气词。我认为，si 在 Aspo 中是分词词尾的一部分，它的 phi 特征阻碍了与内部论据的一致，使它被困在原地，并剥夺了 Aspo 与事件结果的联系。si 原本是一个反身词，在连接词变化使其变得模糊的情况下，被重新分析为分词而不是不定式的标记。这些变化从未影响到 Fårö，因此在 Fårö中，si-被动被正确地预测为不存在。
{"title":"The Gutnish si-passive","authors":"Erik M. Petzell","doi":"10.1017/s0332586524000027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0332586524000027","url":null,"abstract":"The Gutnish-specific <jats:italic>si</jats:italic>-passive combines <jats:sc>be</jats:sc> or <jats:sc>become</jats:sc> with a participle, directly followed by the element <jats:italic>si</jats:italic>. Unlike regular periphrastic passives, <jats:italic>si</jats:italic>-passives focus on the process rather than the result, opening up the construction for unergatives, which are unattested in the regular type. However, <jats:italic>si</jats:italic>-passives are quite limited when it comes to the subject. Internal arguments can only become subjects if they strand a preposition or a particle. Otherwise, the subject is expletive. I argue that <jats:italic>si</jats:italic> is part of the participle ending in Asp<jats:sup>o</jats:sup>, where its phi-features block agreement with the internal argument, trapping it <jats:italic>in situ</jats:italic> and depriving Asp<jats:sup>o</jats:sup> of a link to the result of the event. Originally a reflexive, <jats:italic>si</jats:italic> was reanalysed as a marker of the participle rather than the infinitive in contexts where conjugational changes had made them ambiguous. These changes never affected Fårö, where the <jats:italic>si</jats:italic>-passive is thus correctly predicted to be absent.","PeriodicalId":43203,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Linguistics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140046449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.1017/s0332586524000040
Jan Heegård Petersen
This paper presents an acoustic study of coarticulation of Argentine Danish /ts/ using Centre of Gravity (CoG) as the acoustic measure. It shows that the articulation of /ts/ is affected by the roundedness of the following vowel, and that this is more prevalent among speakers of Argentine Danish than among speakers of Modern Danish as spoken in Denmark. The analysis also shows that within Argentine Danish, the speakers of the isolated settlement Eldorado have a larger effect of roundedness in their articulation of /ts/ than the speakers of the settlements in the Pampas and in Buenos Aires. The results are discussed from the perspective of phonological theory on enhanced coarticulation as a source of sound change and from the perspective of theory of language change in heritage languages.
{"title":"Enhanced coarticulatory labialization of /ts/ in Argentine Danish","authors":"Jan Heegård Petersen","doi":"10.1017/s0332586524000040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0332586524000040","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an acoustic study of coarticulation of Argentine Danish /t<jats:sup>s</jats:sup>/ using Centre of Gravity (CoG) as the acoustic measure. It shows that the articulation of /t<jats:sup>s</jats:sup>/ is affected by the roundedness of the following vowel, and that this is more prevalent among speakers of Argentine Danish than among speakers of Modern Danish as spoken in Denmark. The analysis also shows that within Argentine Danish, the speakers of the isolated settlement Eldorado have a larger effect of roundedness in their articulation of /t<jats:sup>s</jats:sup>/ than the speakers of the settlements in the Pampas and in Buenos Aires. The results are discussed from the perspective of phonological theory on enhanced coarticulation as a source of sound change and from the perspective of theory of language change in heritage languages.","PeriodicalId":43203,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Linguistics","volume":"231 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140033987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-16DOI: 10.1017/s0332586524000015
Piret Baird
This paper examines patterns in an Estonian–English bilingual child’s spontaneous speech, employing a computational application of the traceback method, which is used in usage-based linguistics. Forty-five hours of data were analyzed to check what proportion of patterns from code-mixed utterances are attested in the child’s monolingual data and in her input. Pattern overlap between the child’s and the caregivers’ speech was also examined. Results show that about one-third of code-mixed utterances can be traced back to the child’s input and one-third also to her own monolingual data. A little over half of the child’s utterances are either chunks or frame-and-slot patterns from the caregivers’ speech. These results make it evident that the traceback method can also be applied to language pairs that are genealogically more distant, though limitations exist.
{"title":"Building languages: Estonian–English two-year-old bilingual’s reliance on patterns in code-mixed utterances","authors":"Piret Baird","doi":"10.1017/s0332586524000015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0332586524000015","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines patterns in an Estonian–English bilingual child’s spontaneous speech, employing a computational application of the traceback method, which is used in usage-based linguistics. Forty-five hours of data were analyzed to check what proportion of patterns from code-mixed utterances are attested in the child’s monolingual data and in her input. Pattern overlap between the child’s and the caregivers’ speech was also examined. Results show that about one-third of code-mixed utterances can be traced back to the child’s input and one-third also to her own monolingual data. A little over half of the child’s utterances are either chunks or frame-and-slot patterns from the caregivers’ speech. These results make it evident that the traceback method can also be applied to language pairs that are genealogically more distant, though limitations exist.","PeriodicalId":43203,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Linguistics","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139772656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-20DOI: 10.1017/s0332586523000185
Helga Hilmisdóttir, Martina Huhtamäki, Susanna Karlsson
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{"title":"Pragmatic borrowing from English","authors":"Helga Hilmisdóttir, Martina Huhtamäki, Susanna Karlsson","doi":"10.1017/s0332586523000185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0332586523000185","url":null,"abstract":"An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button.","PeriodicalId":43203,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Linguistics","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-20DOI: 10.1017/s0332586523000197
Marit Julien, Matti Miestamo, Sara Myrberg
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{"title":"Note from the Editors","authors":"Marit Julien, Matti Miestamo, Sara Myrberg","doi":"10.1017/s0332586523000197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0332586523000197","url":null,"abstract":"An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button.","PeriodicalId":43203,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Linguistics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.1017/s033258652300015x
Marjatta Palander, Maria Kok, Helka Riionheimo, Milla Uusitupa
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{"title":"Introduction: Migration and linguistic diversification","authors":"Marjatta Palander, Maria Kok, Helka Riionheimo, Milla Uusitupa","doi":"10.1017/s033258652300015x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s033258652300015x","url":null,"abstract":"An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button.","PeriodicalId":43203,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Linguistics","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135199510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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