The end of last century and the beginning of 21st century marked a significant evolution in information technology and virtual world as a whole, which influenced and dictated the way of living and working around the world, especially in the most developed countries. Thanks to this development, it was possible to cope successfully and continuously during Covid 19 pandemic. Education as one of the strategic and most sensitive sectors, due to Covid 19 pandemic, faced the online learning platform around the globe. In the US and in some developed EU countries, the online learning platform has been a practice applied in the past. However, for many other countries, including Albania, the online learning platform was something new that students and faculty had to face at any rate. Yet, are stakeholders ready to face the online learning platform? This study has analyzed some of the obstacles faced by students, upon the implementation of the online platform. It will be observed whether the efficiency of online learning will have the same efficiency as classical learning. These many other questions will be answered through an empirical and theoretical analysis that was made possible through an online survey, which surveyed 1672 students from all private and public universities operating in the Albanian territory. Multi-factor analysis will be performed through SPSS program, ANOVA test, and Chi-square (χ2). Finally, some conclusions finalize this scientific study.
{"title":"Efficiency of Online Learning and Difficulties Encountered. Case of Albanian Students","authors":"Dritan Shoraj, Esra Kadiu","doi":"10.26417/548ypg53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/548ypg53","url":null,"abstract":"The end of last century and the beginning of 21st century marked a significant evolution in information technology and virtual world as a whole, which influenced and dictated the way of living and working around the world, especially in the most developed countries. Thanks to this development, it was possible to cope successfully and continuously during Covid 19 pandemic. Education as one of the strategic and most sensitive sectors, due to Covid 19 pandemic, faced the online learning platform around the globe. In the US and in some developed EU countries, the online learning platform has been a practice applied in the past. However, for many other countries, including Albania, the online learning platform was something new that students and faculty had to face at any rate. Yet, are stakeholders ready to face the online learning platform? This study has analyzed some of the obstacles faced by students, upon the implementation of the online platform. It will be observed whether the efficiency of online learning will have the same efficiency as classical learning. These many other questions will be answered through an empirical and theoretical analysis that was made possible through an online survey, which surveyed 1672 students from all private and public universities operating in the Albanian territory. Multi-factor analysis will be performed through SPSS program, ANOVA test, and Chi-square (χ2). Finally, some conclusions finalize this scientific study.","PeriodicalId":432313,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Social Science Education and Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125945033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the Republic of Northern Macedonia, the right to property and inheritance are guaranteed by the state constitution and the law of inheritance. According to the Macedonian legislature, all citizens, regardless of their differences in terms of religion, race, nationality and gender under the same conditions are equal in inheritance. In the Republic of Northern Macedonia, the inheritance of the deceased is inherited primarily by his children and spouse. They inherit equal parts. In terms of inheritance, the extramarital partner equals the marital spouse, and the extramarital union created by full adoption by blood relation. When there are children of the testator that do not originate from the marriage with the surviving spouse and the property of this spouse is more than the share that would belong to him in the division of the will in equal parts, then each child of the testator has twice as much part of the inheritance than the spouse. In terms of court proceedings, in the Republic of Northern Macedonia the procedure is conducted before civil courts. The court sets up the proceedings on the basis of official duty when it receives data on the death of a certain person (death certificate). The competent court entrusts this procedure to the Notary, within eight days from the day of the beginning of the procedure. Notaries further have the authority to take action and make decisions in the inheritance procedure. When it comes to the notary as an institution, it is very old, which is proven in various documents from the time of Egyptian and Roman law. With the process of democratization of the legal systems of many countries in the world, and also with the democratization of the legal system in the Republic of North Macedonia, in 1996 notary was introduced as an independent public service, which performs public works for private interest. The significance of this paper relies on the importance of the institute of inheritance and the inheritance procedure as one of the oldest institutes of civil law, i.e. one of the largest non-litigation procedures, but also of the great social significance it has for each individual. In the Republic of North Macedonia, this procedure is regulated by the Law on non-contentious procedure. This paper will try to focus on the work and the entrusted powers of the notary public in the inheritance procedure, as well as why the notary public was entrusted with the conduct of the inheritance procedure. All this is intended to be achieved through theoretical analysis and by analyzing cases before and after it was given to the notaries the authorization for conducting the inheritance procedure in our country. This paper in addition to having theoretical significance, will also have a number of practical aspects. Efforts will be made to show the practical importance of this paper, especially the reasons that contributed to the appearance of this novelty, i.e. the participation of the notary public in this procedure. First of
{"title":"Inheritance and the Role of Notaries in Inheritance Procedure in the Republic of North Macedonia","authors":"Xhemile Saliu, Kaprolli Fjolla Ismaili","doi":"10.26417/556liz78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/556liz78","url":null,"abstract":"In the Republic of Northern Macedonia, the right to property and inheritance are guaranteed by the state constitution and the law of inheritance. According to the Macedonian legislature, all citizens, regardless of their differences in terms of religion, race, nationality and gender under the same conditions are equal in inheritance. In the Republic of Northern Macedonia, the inheritance of the deceased is inherited primarily by his children and spouse. They inherit equal parts. In terms of inheritance, the extramarital partner equals the marital spouse, and the extramarital union created by full adoption by blood relation. When there are children of the testator that do not originate from the marriage with the surviving spouse and the property of this spouse is more than the share that would belong to him in the division of the will in equal parts, then each child of the testator has twice as much part of the inheritance than the spouse. In terms of court proceedings, in the Republic of Northern Macedonia the procedure is conducted before civil courts. The court sets up the proceedings on the basis of official duty when it receives data on the death of a certain person (death certificate). The competent court entrusts this procedure to the Notary, within eight days from the day of the beginning of the procedure. Notaries further have the authority to take action and make decisions in the inheritance procedure. When it comes to the notary as an institution, it is very old, which is proven in various documents from the time of Egyptian and Roman law. With the process of democratization of the legal systems of many countries in the world, and also with the democratization of the legal system in the Republic of North Macedonia, in 1996 notary was introduced as an independent public service, which performs public works for private interest. The significance of this paper relies on the importance of the institute of inheritance and the inheritance procedure as one of the oldest institutes of civil law, i.e. one of the largest non-litigation procedures, but also of the great social significance it has for each individual. In the Republic of North Macedonia, this procedure is regulated by the Law on non-contentious procedure. This paper will try to focus on the work and the entrusted powers of the notary public in the inheritance procedure, as well as why the notary public was entrusted with the conduct of the inheritance procedure. All this is intended to be achieved through theoretical analysis and by analyzing cases before and after it was given to the notaries the authorization for conducting the inheritance procedure in our country. This paper in addition to having theoretical significance, will also have a number of practical aspects. Efforts will be made to show the practical importance of this paper, especially the reasons that contributed to the appearance of this novelty, i.e. the participation of the notary public in this procedure. First of ","PeriodicalId":432313,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Social Science Education and Research","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127193920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The quality of an educational system is closely connected with the quality of its teachers. Thus, research into the elementary teachers’ motivation is of a high importance. The main purpose of this study is to describe and identify the level of teachers’ motivation, factors influencing teachers’ motivation and its impact on teachers’ job performance in public elementary schools in the municipality of Chair, Republic of North Macedonia. Furthermore, this study examines teachers’ work consumption and organizational engagement as they relate to teaching performance. Teachers’ motivation was examined through focus groups with the principles of 10 elementary schools and a questionnaire administered to the teachers of elementary education. A sample of 319 teachers participated in the survey. The questionnaire was developed based on literature review. The findings of the study revealed that teachers’ high motivation is closely related to their students’ result. The factors that influenced teachers’ motivation were their salary level, the working conditions related to infrastructure and the interpersonal relations and communication with the leaders of the institutions and/or colleagues. After analysis numerous recommendations were given to help educational institutions provide better support to teachers and improve their levels of motivation and their job performance, such as providing a satisfying work infrastructure, key resources, and professional development opportunities, increasing salaries and giving acknowledgments and recognitions to motivate teachers’ and thus increase their job performance and satisfaction.Keywords: teacher motivation, job performance, job satisfaction, Republic of North Macedonia
{"title":"Public Schools in North Macedonia","authors":"Diturije Ismaili, Elisabeta Bajrami Ollogu, Xhelili Arta","doi":"10.26417/472bac41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/472bac41","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of an educational system is closely connected with the quality of its teachers. Thus, research into the elementary teachers’ motivation is of a high importance. The main purpose of this study is to describe and identify the level of teachers’ motivation, factors influencing teachers’ motivation and its impact on teachers’ job performance in public elementary schools in the municipality of Chair, Republic of North Macedonia. Furthermore, this study examines teachers’ work consumption and organizational engagement as they relate to teaching performance. Teachers’ motivation was examined through focus groups with the principles of 10 elementary schools and a questionnaire administered to the teachers of elementary education. A sample of 319 teachers participated in the survey. The questionnaire was developed based on literature review. The findings of the study revealed that teachers’ high motivation is closely related to their students’ result. The factors that influenced teachers’ motivation were their salary level, the working conditions related to infrastructure and the interpersonal relations and communication with the leaders of the institutions and/or colleagues. After analysis numerous recommendations were given to help educational institutions provide better support to teachers and improve their levels of motivation and their job performance, such as providing a satisfying work infrastructure, key resources, and professional development opportunities, increasing salaries and giving acknowledgments and recognitions to motivate teachers’ and thus increase their job performance and satisfaction.Keywords: teacher motivation, job performance, job satisfaction, Republic of North Macedonia","PeriodicalId":432313,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Social Science Education and Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131215148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper discusses the sociological perspective of suicide. Suicide is a social phenomenon present in every society or culture and is considered as one of the problems and challenges of modern society of the individual and the family itself as a functional unit of society. The purpose of this study is to assess, analyze and role these sociological factors that influence suicide. The paper also reviews the literature on social factors and suicide warning signs in adolescents. The review identified these social factors that appear to increase the risk of suicide: family characteristics and socio-economic status, migration and emigration, physical and sexual abuse, previous suicide attempts, drug and alcohol use, bullying, sexual orientation, etc. Adolescent suicide is a growing concern worldwide and has an impact on family, friends / community. It is an important social phenomenon and the leading cause of death in young people therefore knowledge of social factors and warning signs are essential for the effective prediction, prevention and treatment of problematic situations of adolescents.
{"title":"Albania in the last decade of the Ottoman occupation according to French diplomacy during the years 1901 – 1911","authors":"Lufi Simon, Marsel Nilaj","doi":"10.26417/847sar61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/847sar61","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the sociological perspective of suicide. Suicide is a social phenomenon present in every society or culture and is considered as one of the problems and challenges of modern society of the individual and the family itself as a functional unit of society. The purpose of this study is to assess, analyze and role these sociological factors that influence suicide. The paper also reviews the literature on social factors and suicide warning signs in adolescents. The review identified these social factors that appear to increase the risk of suicide: family characteristics and socio-economic status, migration and emigration, physical and sexual abuse, previous suicide attempts, drug and alcohol use, bullying, sexual orientation, etc. Adolescent suicide is a growing concern worldwide and has an impact on family, friends / community. It is an important social phenomenon and the leading cause of death in young people therefore knowledge of social factors and warning signs are essential for the effective prediction, prevention and treatment of problematic situations of adolescents.","PeriodicalId":432313,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Social Science Education and Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133975954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper is a study on the winning prescription without the title of state property, which is in itself one of the first ways of acquisition of property according to Albanian legislation. The project of this topic is the analysis of the practical implementation of the institute of winning prescription without the title of state property. From the comprehensive treatment made in practice regarding the procedural and material aspects of this institute, the issues raised for analysis are related to resolving the issue of whether state property is an item capable of being acquired by winning prescription and whether the issuance of laws and bylaws will be considered cause for termination of the statute of limitations. Seeing in full the legislation in force in the Republic of Albania, as well as the spirit of this special legislation in the field of property and and wealth real estate.State property is considered an impossible object to be acquired by winning prescription, as long as they do not meet the legal criteria for their transfer to private ownership entities..The plaintiff must prove that the lawsuit is directed against the person who was the owner until the conditions of the winning prescription are met.
{"title":"Winning Prescription Without Title of State Property","authors":"Brunela Kullolli","doi":"10.26417/682uzr83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/682uzr83","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a study on the winning prescription without the title of state property, which is in itself one of the first ways of acquisition of property according to Albanian legislation. The project of this topic is the analysis of the practical implementation of the institute of winning prescription without the title of state property. From the comprehensive treatment made in practice regarding the procedural and material aspects of this institute, the issues raised for analysis are related to resolving the issue of whether state property is an item capable of being acquired by winning prescription and whether the issuance of laws and bylaws will be considered cause for termination of the statute of limitations. Seeing in full the legislation in force in the Republic of Albania, as well as the spirit of this special legislation in the field of property and and wealth real estate.State property is considered an impossible object to be acquired by winning prescription, as long as they do not meet the legal criteria for their transfer to private ownership entities..The plaintiff must prove that the lawsuit is directed against the person who was the owner until the conditions of the winning prescription are met.","PeriodicalId":432313,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Social Science Education and Research","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115875163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corona-virus 19 has managed to penetrate and completely change the approach of society, thus further developing technology and giving way to the internet. The problem that arises in this paper is the technology and the inclusion of the lives of individuals in this new system of communication and action. Based on the qualitative scientific method we will seek to examine the reality of applied communication theories. The developed topic itself requires a special and dedicated research. Society is always evolving and its adaptation to socio-technological changes is required, with the advent of Corona-Virus 19 in all spheres of life. The Internet and technology are seen at this stage as the best problematic solution to not paralyze every sphere of life from daily activities, as if this were to happen we would be in a total social and global chaos. In the end, the question arises if we are ready (as a global population) to live with technology and this world order where big governments and international organizations (eg the Health Organization) are taking us and offering us?
{"title":"Different Areas of Social Life and Their Access During and Post Covid-19","authors":"Blerina Muskaj","doi":"10.26417/477wgy96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/477wgy96","url":null,"abstract":"Corona-virus 19 has managed to penetrate and completely change the approach of society, thus further developing technology and giving way to the internet. The problem that arises in this paper is the technology and the inclusion of the lives of individuals in this new system of communication and action. Based on the qualitative scientific method we will seek to examine the reality of applied communication theories. The developed topic itself requires a special and dedicated research. Society is always evolving and its adaptation to socio-technological changes is required, with the advent of Corona-Virus 19 in all spheres of life. The Internet and technology are seen at this stage as the best problematic solution to not paralyze every sphere of life from daily activities, as if this were to happen we would be in a total social and global chaos. In the end, the question arises if we are ready (as a global population) to live with technology and this world order where big governments and international organizations (eg the Health Organization) are taking us and offering us?","PeriodicalId":432313,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Social Science Education and Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127912040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When it comes to Albanian and Balkan literature, Ismail Kadare is undoubtedly one of the figures of the greatest importance for the development of modern literature, while reviving the elements of folklore lost in the empty communist literature. Kadare's work matters beyond the technical elements, the use of words, flow, and themes, for the important role he played with his silent attempt to reawaken the hope for freedom, through the hidden literary figures in his work. On the other hand, his contribution to literature comes as a result of his mastery to bring a new and modern spirit to literature, using motifs and figures used for centuries in Albanian folklore but wrapped in stories and characters of placed at different times from popular literature. Certainly, the inclusion of folkloric elements such as the taking of motifs and themes from old Albanian tales and legends leaves room to suggest the analysis of his work under the optics of Propp analysis, as a novelty in the analysis of the work of Balkan authors that share features similar to Kadare.
{"title":"Analysis of Ismail Kadare Prose Prospects Under the Optics of V. L. Propp","authors":"Dhurata Lamçja","doi":"10.26417/769ptl17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/769ptl17","url":null,"abstract":"When it comes to Albanian and Balkan literature, Ismail Kadare is undoubtedly one of the figures of the greatest importance for the development of modern literature, while reviving the elements of folklore lost in the empty communist literature. Kadare's work matters beyond the technical elements, the use of words, flow, and themes, for the important role he played with his silent attempt to reawaken the hope for freedom, through the hidden literary figures in his work. On the other hand, his contribution to literature comes as a result of his mastery to bring a new and modern spirit to literature, using motifs and figures used for centuries in Albanian folklore but wrapped in stories and characters of placed at different times from popular literature. Certainly, the inclusion of folkloric elements such as the taking of motifs and themes from old Albanian tales and legends leaves room to suggest the analysis of his work under the optics of Propp analysis, as a novelty in the analysis of the work of Balkan authors that share features similar to Kadare.","PeriodicalId":432313,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Social Science Education and Research","volume":"249 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127823204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The quality of an educational system is closely connected with the quality of its teachers. Thus, research into the elementary teachers’ motivation is of a high importance. The main purpose of this study is to describe and identify the level of teachers’ motivation, factors influencing teachers’ motivation and its impact on teachers’ job performance in public elementary schools in the municipality of Chair, Republic of North Macedonia. Furthermore, this study examines teachers’ work consumption and organizational engagement as they relate to teaching performance. Teachers’ motivation was examined through focus groups with the principles of 10 elementary schools and a questionnaire administered to the teachers of elementary education. A sample of 319 teachers participated in the survey. The questionnaire was developed based on literature review. The findings of the study revealed that teachers’ high motivation is closely related to their students’ result. The factors that influenced teachers’ motivation were their salary level, the working conditions related to infrastructure and the interpersonal relations and communication with the leaders of the institutions and/or colleagues. After analysis numerous recommendations were given to help educational institutions provide better support to teachers and improve their levels of motivation and their job performance, such as providing a satisfying work infrastructure, key resources, and professional development opportunities, increasing salaries and giving acknowledgments and recognitions to motivate teachers’ and thus increase their job performance and satisfaction.Keywords: teacher motivation, job performance, job satisfaction, Republic of North Macedonia
{"title":"Motivation, A Key Booster for Teachers’ Performance: a Case Study on Public Schools in North Macedonia","authors":"Diturije Ismaili, Elisabeta Bajrami Ollogu, Xhelili Arta","doi":"10.26417/407bns65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/407bns65","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of an educational system is closely connected with the quality of its teachers. Thus, research into the elementary teachers’ motivation is of a high importance. The main purpose of this study is to describe and identify the level of teachers’ motivation, factors influencing teachers’ motivation and its impact on teachers’ job performance in public elementary schools in the municipality of Chair, Republic of North Macedonia. Furthermore, this study examines teachers’ work consumption and organizational engagement as they relate to teaching performance. Teachers’ motivation was examined through focus groups with the principles of 10 elementary schools and a questionnaire administered to the teachers of elementary education. A sample of 319 teachers participated in the survey. The questionnaire was developed based on literature review. The findings of the study revealed that teachers’ high motivation is closely related to their students’ result. The factors that influenced teachers’ motivation were their salary level, the working conditions related to infrastructure and the interpersonal relations and communication with the leaders of the institutions and/or colleagues. After analysis numerous recommendations were given to help educational institutions provide better support to teachers and improve their levels of motivation and their job performance, such as providing a satisfying work infrastructure, key resources, and professional development opportunities, increasing salaries and giving acknowledgments and recognitions to motivate teachers’ and thus increase their job performance and satisfaction.Keywords: teacher motivation, job performance, job satisfaction, Republic of North Macedonia","PeriodicalId":432313,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Social Science Education and Research","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120984927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Albania is an exceptional case study for exploring democratic consolidation as the country has a unique political history, a sui generis case. This means that the county's history during the last decades consists of various government transitions from autocratic to democratic and yet losing the democratic quality, thus it failed to consolidate the democracy. The main goal is to investigate democratic consolidation process under the frame of political elite’s role and normative preference for democratic consolidation assessment. I will use qualitative analysis involving of theory consuming engaging the questions of, if recently Albania ended a long transition, but still failed to democratize. What are the main trajectories or the path of the future of democratic consolidation? Albanian political elites have lacked good alternatives and clear policies, which has been accompanied by a systematic abuse of power, reflected in poor and ineffective governance and in the failure to implement the promised reforms. Under this assumption, strong and reliable elite’s decision-making are important in explaining the consolidation of democracies but not sufficient to guarantee consolidation. I will try to explore a few aspects of democratic consolidation in Albania, in terms of strength of democratic values represented by the ruling elites. Recently, with the historical events of present elections could be assumed the end of transition in Albania. Paradigms of changes of old elites, and establishment of state of law, could possibly open some trajectories for democratic consolidation.
{"title":"End of Transition, but Failure to Democratize: Democratic Consolidation in Albania Analyzed in the Frame of Political Elite Normative Preference for Democracy","authors":"Genti Margariti","doi":"10.26417/791nel85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/791nel85","url":null,"abstract":"Albania is an exceptional case study for exploring democratic consolidation as the country has a unique political history, a sui generis case. This means that the county's history during the last decades consists of various government transitions from autocratic to democratic and yet losing the democratic quality, thus it failed to consolidate the democracy. The main goal is to investigate democratic consolidation process under the frame of political elite’s role and normative preference for democratic consolidation assessment. I will use qualitative analysis involving of theory consuming engaging the questions of, if recently Albania ended a long transition, but still failed to democratize. What are the main trajectories or the path of the future of democratic consolidation? Albanian political elites have lacked good alternatives and clear policies, which has been accompanied by a systematic abuse of power, reflected in poor and ineffective governance and in the failure to implement the promised reforms. Under this assumption, strong and reliable elite’s decision-making are important in explaining the consolidation of democracies but not sufficient to guarantee consolidation. I will try to explore a few aspects of democratic consolidation in Albania, in terms of strength of democratic values represented by the ruling elites. Recently, with the historical events of present elections could be assumed the end of transition in Albania. Paradigms of changes of old elites, and establishment of state of law, could possibly open some trajectories for democratic consolidation.","PeriodicalId":432313,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Social Science Education and Research","volume":"323 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133954148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In focus of this paper is the analysis of political culture in Albania towards EU integration processes. To give as much of an inclusive a picture as possible, the recent views and positions of three categories of political communication have been addressed: political elites, the media and the public. Topics include issues such as the orientation and support of the country's European integration, attitudes towards the required reforms and obstacles and difficulties encountered in this process, attitudes towards EU co-operation and assistance regarding the consequences of the earthquake of 2019, the situation created by COVID 19 pandemic, etc. An in-depth analysis focused on some of the most important factors within each category, such as: opportunism, political use of this process, common features and differences in attitudes within political elites; the role and attitudes of the media; public perception, issues related to measuring public opinion, etc. This article briefly deals with the relationship and mutual influence between the aforementioned categories, especially between political actors and the media.
{"title":"The Culture of Political Communication in Albania in the Process of Integration to the European Union","authors":"L. Ligori","doi":"10.26417/965vxc68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/965vxc68","url":null,"abstract":"In focus of this paper is the analysis of political culture in Albania towards EU integration processes. To give as much of an inclusive a picture as possible, the recent views and positions of three categories of political communication have been addressed: political elites, the media and the public. Topics include issues such as the orientation and support of the country's European integration, attitudes towards the required reforms and obstacles and difficulties encountered in this process, attitudes towards EU co-operation and assistance regarding the consequences of the earthquake of 2019, the situation created by COVID 19 pandemic, etc. An in-depth analysis focused on some of the most important factors within each category, such as: opportunism, political use of this process, common features and differences in attitudes within political elites; the role and attitudes of the media; public perception, issues related to measuring public opinion, etc. This article briefly deals with the relationship and mutual influence between the aforementioned categories, especially between political actors and the media.","PeriodicalId":432313,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Social Science Education and Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127459000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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