Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in significant global morbidity and mortality and there are a lack of effective therapies There is a need for treatment which could be available for all in the global community, as well as within hospital, which is efficacious, affordable and safe Xanthohumol from hop extract has been shown in vitro and in vivo to have antiviral properties against RNA and DNA viruses but also importantly anti-inflammatory properties against severe respiratory syndrome via inhibition of NF kappa B dependent pathways We review the evidence for xanthohumol to be considered as a treatment for SARS-CoV- 2 infection We need an economic and globally available therapy and thinking beyond the traditional is important;thus, studies are warranted to assess efficacy of xanthohumol against SARS-CoV-2
{"title":"The Potential Role of Xanthohumol in SARS-CoV-2 Treatment—Globally Accessible and Economically Viable","authors":"M. Caplin, Luohai Chen","doi":"10.2147/nds.s265857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s265857","url":null,"abstract":"Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in significant global morbidity and mortality and there are a lack of effective therapies There is a need for treatment which could be available for all in the global community, as well as within hospital, which is efficacious, affordable and safe Xanthohumol from hop extract has been shown in vitro and in vivo to have antiviral properties against RNA and DNA viruses but also importantly anti-inflammatory properties against severe respiratory syndrome via inhibition of NF kappa B dependent pathways We review the evidence for xanthohumol to be considered as a treatment for SARS-CoV- 2 infection We need an economic and globally available therapy and thinking beyond the traditional is important;thus, studies are warranted to assess efficacy of xanthohumol against SARS-CoV-2","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/nds.s265857","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44690861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Diversified foods are considered key indicators of a balanced diet. Consumption of a minimum of four from the seven food groups is described as a minimum for dietary diversity. Nearly two-thirds of malnutrition-related child mortality is due to inappropriate feeding practice during the first two years of life. In Ethiopia, only five percent of children aged 6–23 months received a minimum diversity diet. Therefore, this study was intended to assess the predictors of minimum diversified diet feeding practice among mothers having children aged 6–23 months, in Goba Town, Southeast Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based survey was employed in Bale-Goba town, Southeast Ethiopia from April to May 2018. A total of 517 study subjects were selected using systematic random sampling technique. A pretested interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Ethical clearance was obtained from Madda Walabu University, Goba Referral Hospital. Data were entered to EpiData3.02 and analyzed using SPSS version 20, and the association between dependent and independent variables was assessed using bi-variable and multiple logistic regression. Statistical significance was considered with 95% confidence interval and p-value of less than 0.05. Results: The proportion of children receiving minimum dietary diversity was 39.8% (95% CI 35.52, 44.08). Postnatal care visit (AOR=1.9 95% CI 1.3, 2.8) and attending growth-monitoring follow-up (AOR=1.5 95% CI 1.001, 2.2) were independent predictors, statically significant with dependent variable. Conclusion: Almost forty percent received minimum dietary diversity among the study subjects. Attending postnatal visit and having growth-monitoring follow-up were factors associated with minimal meal frequency practice. Encouraging mothers to attend postnatal care visits and fre-quently bring their children to growth-monitoring follow-up is highly recommended. http://doi.org/10.2147/NDS.S243521
背景:多样化的食物被认为是均衡饮食的关键指标。从7种食物中至少摄入4种被认为是饮食多样性的最低要求。在与营养不良有关的儿童死亡中，近三分之二是由于在生命的头两年不适当的喂养方式造成的。在埃塞俄比亚，只有5%的6-23个月大的儿童获得了最低限度的多样化饮食。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东南部戈巴镇6-23个月孩子的母亲最低多样化饮食喂养习惯的预测因素。方法:2018年4 - 5月在埃塞俄比亚东南部的Bale-Goba镇进行社区调查。采用系统随机抽样方法，共选取517名研究对象。采用预测问卷收集数据。获得了麦达瓦拉布大学戈巴转诊医院的道德许可。数据输入EpiData3.02，使用SPSS version 20进行分析，采用双变量和多元逻辑回归评估因变量和自变量之间的相关性。以95%置信区间和p值小于0.05认为有统计学意义。结果:接受最低膳食多样性的儿童比例为39.8% (95% CI 35.52, 44.08)。产后护理访视(AOR=1.9 95% CI 1.3, 2.8)和参加生长监测随访(AOR=1.5 95% CI 1.001, 2.2)是独立预测因子，与因变量有统计学意义。结论:在研究对象中，近40%的人饮食多样性最低。参加产后随访和生长监测随访是与最少进食频率实践相关的因素。强烈建议鼓励母亲参加产后护理访问，并经常带孩子进行生长监测随访。http://doi.org/10.2147/NDS.S243521
{"title":"Magnitude and Its Predictors of Minimum Dietary Diversity Feeding Practice Among Mothers Having Children Aged 6–23 Months in Goba Town, Southeast Ethiopia, 2018: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"H. Gezahegn, Mekonnen Tegegne","doi":"10.2147/nds.s243521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s243521","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diversified foods are considered key indicators of a balanced diet. Consumption of a minimum of four from the seven food groups is described as a minimum for dietary diversity. Nearly two-thirds of malnutrition-related child mortality is due to inappropriate feeding practice during the first two years of life. In Ethiopia, only five percent of children aged 6–23 months received a minimum diversity diet. Therefore, this study was intended to assess the predictors of minimum diversified diet feeding practice among mothers having children aged 6–23 months, in Goba Town, Southeast Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based survey was employed in Bale-Goba town, Southeast Ethiopia from April to May 2018. A total of 517 study subjects were selected using systematic random sampling technique. A pretested interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Ethical clearance was obtained from Madda Walabu University, Goba Referral Hospital. Data were entered to EpiData3.02 and analyzed using SPSS version 20, and the association between dependent and independent variables was assessed using bi-variable and multiple logistic regression. Statistical significance was considered with 95% confidence interval and p-value of less than 0.05. Results: The proportion of children receiving minimum dietary diversity was 39.8% (95% CI 35.52, 44.08). Postnatal care visit (AOR=1.9 95% CI 1.3, 2.8) and attending growth-monitoring follow-up (AOR=1.5 95% CI 1.001, 2.2) were independent predictors, statically significant with dependent variable. Conclusion: Almost forty percent received minimum dietary diversity among the study subjects. Attending postnatal visit and having growth-monitoring follow-up were factors associated with minimal meal frequency practice. Encouraging mothers to attend postnatal care visits and fre-quently bring their children to growth-monitoring follow-up is highly recommended. http://doi.org/10.2147/NDS.S243521","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/nds.s243521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43611901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lidiya Dagne Asmare, Mesfin Wudu Kassaw, A. Abebe, B. Abate, Kirubel Dagnaw Tegegne
Background: Improving infant and young child feeding practices in children aged 6 to 24 months is crucial to improved nutritional status, and growth and development. Ethiopia had practiced infant and young child feeding through health extension package. Nevertheless, the prevalence of malnutrition, particularly stunting, is still notorious for the Amhara region of Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess complementary feeding practice and associated factors among mothers, who had children aged 6 to 24 months old in Woldia town, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 415 mothers who had children aged 6 to 24 months old in Woldia town. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the required sample in house-to-house level. Interview was used to collect data using a pretested and validated questionnaire. The practice was considered using timely introduction, minimum dietary diversity, and meal frequency. The data was entered to EpiData version 4.2.0.0 and imported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. A descriptive statistic to present categorical variables, and bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions to assess the associations were computed. A variable with P -value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The optimal complementary feeding practice among early children was 49.6% (95%CI: 44.7–54.4%).The educational status of mothers (AOR: 0.37,95%CI: 0.18–0.75), number of children in the family (AOR: 3.50,95%CI: 1.57–7.83), and place of delivery (AOR: 3.24,95%CI: 1.33–8.07) had association with complementary feeding practice. Conclusion: The prevalence of optimum complementary feeding practice is low. Thus, mothers need to consider all components of food diversification like meat/fish/chicken while preparing their infants’ and young children’s meal. For this purpose, health education should be delivered for mothers to promote utilization of varied food groups, as well as to improve the content of complementary food.
{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Child Feeding Practice Among Mothers of Woldia Town, Northeast Ethiopia","authors":"Lidiya Dagne Asmare, Mesfin Wudu Kassaw, A. Abebe, B. Abate, Kirubel Dagnaw Tegegne","doi":"10.2147/nds.s264282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s264282","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Improving infant and young child feeding practices in children aged 6 to 24 months is crucial to improved nutritional status, and growth and development. Ethiopia had practiced infant and young child feeding through health extension package. Nevertheless, the prevalence of malnutrition, particularly stunting, is still notorious for the Amhara region of Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess complementary feeding practice and associated factors among mothers, who had children aged 6 to 24 months old in Woldia town, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 415 mothers who had children aged 6 to 24 months old in Woldia town. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the required sample in house-to-house level. Interview was used to collect data using a pretested and validated questionnaire. The practice was considered using timely introduction, minimum dietary diversity, and meal frequency. The data was entered to EpiData version 4.2.0.0 and imported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. A descriptive statistic to present categorical variables, and bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions to assess the associations were computed. A variable with P -value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The optimal complementary feeding practice among early children was 49.6% (95%CI: 44.7–54.4%).The educational status of mothers (AOR: 0.37,95%CI: 0.18–0.75), number of children in the family (AOR: 3.50,95%CI: 1.57–7.83), and place of delivery (AOR: 3.24,95%CI: 1.33–8.07) had association with complementary feeding practice. Conclusion: The prevalence of optimum complementary feeding practice is low. Thus, mothers need to consider all components of food diversification like meat/fish/chicken while preparing their infants’ and young children’s meal. For this purpose, health education should be delivered for mothers to promote utilization of varied food groups, as well as to improve the content of complementary food.","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48715580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Provision of micronutrients knowledge is important during pregnancy as it informs mothers what to eat and avoid, to ensure sufficient micronutrient absorption by the mothers and fetuses. Most studies focus on general nutrition knowledge and dietary practices, but there is minimal known about micronutrient knowledge especially in pastoral societies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explain the current micronutrient knowledge and dietary practices of pregnant women in this unique pastoral society. Methods: This is a mixed-method study that involves focus group discussions and questionnaires in assessing the micronutrient knowledge and frequency micronutrients dietary practices of Maasai pregnant women from one week to thirty-six weeks pregnant. Chi-square test and descriptive statistics, such as percentages, frequency distribution and measures of central tendency, were used to assess socio-demographic data, micronutrients knowledge and frequency of micronutrients dietary practices and the comparison between knowledge and dietary practices, while inductive thematic content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Results: In total, 140 questionnaires were completed with a response rate of 100% and 32 participants drawn from this group attended one of four focus group discussions. The study found that most participants had good knowledge of dietary iron, while less than a quarter (24.3%) had good knowledge of vitamin A. Moreover, there was a statistical significance difference (P=0.043) between knowledge and dietary practices. Low dietary micronutrient intake was primarily due to cultural restrictions, prohibition in cultivating and unavailability of micronutrients rich foods in this geographical area. Conclusion: The majority of the study participants had good knowledge of iron compared to vitamin A; however, they do not translate the knowledge in dietary practices. Therefore, the Government of Tanzania through Ministry of Education and Health should introduce different interventions to increase micronutrients knowledge and practices in pastoral societies.
{"title":"Knowledge and Dietary Practices on Vitamin A and Iron Among Maasai Pregnant Women: A Mixed-Method Study, Ngorongoro, Tanzania","authors":"N. Mshanga, H. Martin, P. Petrucka","doi":"10.2147/NDS.S264592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NDS.S264592","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Provision of micronutrients knowledge is important during pregnancy as it informs mothers what to eat and avoid, to ensure sufficient micronutrient absorption by the mothers and fetuses. Most studies focus on general nutrition knowledge and dietary practices, but there is minimal known about micronutrient knowledge especially in pastoral societies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explain the current micronutrient knowledge and dietary practices of pregnant women in this unique pastoral society. Methods: This is a mixed-method study that involves focus group discussions and questionnaires in assessing the micronutrient knowledge and frequency micronutrients dietary practices of Maasai pregnant women from one week to thirty-six weeks pregnant. Chi-square test and descriptive statistics, such as percentages, frequency distribution and measures of central tendency, were used to assess socio-demographic data, micronutrients knowledge and frequency of micronutrients dietary practices and the comparison between knowledge and dietary practices, while inductive thematic content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Results: In total, 140 questionnaires were completed with a response rate of 100% and 32 participants drawn from this group attended one of four focus group discussions. The study found that most participants had good knowledge of dietary iron, while less than a quarter (24.3%) had good knowledge of vitamin A. Moreover, there was a statistical significance difference (P=0.043) between knowledge and dietary practices. Low dietary micronutrient intake was primarily due to cultural restrictions, prohibition in cultivating and unavailability of micronutrients rich foods in this geographical area. Conclusion: The majority of the study participants had good knowledge of iron compared to vitamin A; however, they do not translate the knowledge in dietary practices. Therefore, the Government of Tanzania through Ministry of Education and Health should introduce different interventions to increase micronutrients knowledge and practices in pastoral societies.","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NDS.S264592","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48704413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determinants of Acute Malnutrition Among Children Aged 6–59 Months Visiting Public Health Facilities in Gambella Town, Southwest Ethiopia: Unmatched Case–Control Study","authors":"Gatjiek Tut, Dereje Tsegaye","doi":"10.2147/nds.s256000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s256000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46839788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To systematically review the human clinical trial published studies regarding a dietary compound 3,3 ʹ -diindolylmethane (DIM) clinical ef fi cacy towards the prevention and treatment of cancer and other diseases, its bioavailability, safety, and consistency of the results. Methods: An electronic literature search of PubMed database (14), Cochrane Clinical Trials library (3), and Google Scholar (5) from inception to Feb 2020 was conducted. All the in vitro, animal, epidemiological, and review studies of DIM were excluded. Twenty-two randomized or controlled human clinical trials with prospective/retrospective studies published in the English language and that involved DIM intervention on human participants were extracted. Results: DIM has increased estrogen metabolism, decreased androgen-speci fi c antigen, up-regulated BRCA1 expression, and increased androgen hormone-binding globulin. This suggests that DIM may have a promising bene fi cial role as a chemo-preventive supplement for breast and prostate cancers. DIM has shown some clinical ef fi cacy to treat cervical/ prostate dysplasia, human papilloma-virus, and warts. Conclusion: The absence of clinical evidence about DIM ef fi cacy to treat prostate or breast cancer patients is the concern as this dietary compound is being advocated as a supplement in the market to treat these disease conditions. The maximum DIM intervention time for breast and prostate cancer patients was 28 days and 12 months, respectively, and most of the prospective trials were targeting DIM biological fate, than adequately addressing DIM ef fi cacy in treating breast or prostate cancer.
{"title":"Anti-Cancer and Other Biological Effects of a Dietary Compound 3,3ʹ-Diindolylmethane Supplementation: A Systematic Review of Human Clinical Trials","authors":"Dagnachew Eyachew Amare","doi":"10.2147/nds.s261577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s261577","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To systematically review the human clinical trial published studies regarding a dietary compound 3,3 ʹ -diindolylmethane (DIM) clinical ef fi cacy towards the prevention and treatment of cancer and other diseases, its bioavailability, safety, and consistency of the results. Methods: An electronic literature search of PubMed database (14), Cochrane Clinical Trials library (3), and Google Scholar (5) from inception to Feb 2020 was conducted. All the in vitro, animal, epidemiological, and review studies of DIM were excluded. Twenty-two randomized or controlled human clinical trials with prospective/retrospective studies published in the English language and that involved DIM intervention on human participants were extracted. Results: DIM has increased estrogen metabolism, decreased androgen-speci fi c antigen, up-regulated BRCA1 expression, and increased androgen hormone-binding globulin. This suggests that DIM may have a promising bene fi cial role as a chemo-preventive supplement for breast and prostate cancers. DIM has shown some clinical ef fi cacy to treat cervical/ prostate dysplasia, human papilloma-virus, and warts. Conclusion: The absence of clinical evidence about DIM ef fi cacy to treat prostate or breast cancer patients is the concern as this dietary compound is being advocated as a supplement in the market to treat these disease conditions. The maximum DIM intervention time for breast and prostate cancer patients was 28 days and 12 months, respectively, and most of the prospective trials were targeting DIM biological fate, than adequately addressing DIM ef fi cacy in treating breast or prostate cancer.","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/nds.s261577","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46367119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sulo, L. Gramlich, J. Benjamin, S. McCauley, J. Powers, K. Sriram, Kristi R. Mitchell
: Value is a key guiding principle in healthcare, yet value is defined in varying ways by different stakeholders. In this paper, we review evidence of the health and financial tolls of malnutrition or poor nutrition, report positive results from recent nutrition-focused quality improvement programs in hospitals, and discuss clinical and policy implications of realizing best-practice nutrition care. Hospitalized patients with malnutrition diagnoses have up to two-fold greater hospital costs for care compared to inpatient stays for adequately nourished patients. By contrast, implementation of nutrition care programs for hospitalized adults (nutrition status screening, assessment and diagnosis of malnutrition, oral nutritional supplements provided when indicated) is associated with substantial per-patient, per-episode healthcare savings approaching $4,000. Improved nutrition care has also been associated with fewer complications and faster recovery (shortened lengths of stay, lower readmission rates). Nutrition care thus delivers value, which is evidenced by better patient outcomes at cost savings to healthcare systems.
{"title":"Nutrition Interventions Deliver Value in Healthcare: Real-World Evidence","authors":"S. Sulo, L. Gramlich, J. Benjamin, S. McCauley, J. Powers, K. Sriram, Kristi R. Mitchell","doi":"10.2147/nds.s262364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s262364","url":null,"abstract":": Value is a key guiding principle in healthcare, yet value is defined in varying ways by different stakeholders. In this paper, we review evidence of the health and financial tolls of malnutrition or poor nutrition, report positive results from recent nutrition-focused quality improvement programs in hospitals, and discuss clinical and policy implications of realizing best-practice nutrition care. Hospitalized patients with malnutrition diagnoses have up to two-fold greater hospital costs for care compared to inpatient stays for adequately nourished patients. By contrast, implementation of nutrition care programs for hospitalized adults (nutrition status screening, assessment and diagnosis of malnutrition, oral nutritional supplements provided when indicated) is associated with substantial per-patient, per-episode healthcare savings approaching $4,000. Improved nutrition care has also been associated with fewer complications and faster recovery (shortened lengths of stay, lower readmission rates). Nutrition care thus delivers value, which is evidenced by better patient outcomes at cost savings to healthcare systems.","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/nds.s262364","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46461352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The most visible effect of iodine deficiency (ID) is goiter, but the worst and much greater public health problem is its impact on the developing brain. Despite relatively increased attention to the consequences of ID on physical health, there are only a few studies on the influence of ID on schooling in Ethiopia. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of chronic ID on academic performance of school children in southwest Ethiopia. Methods: This study was conducted on 652 schoolchildren selected from six primary schools in southwest Ethiopia. Using prospective cohort study design, 362 iodine-deficient and 290 iodine-sufficient children were followed for the difference in academic grade scores for a period of 18 months. Results: Average grade score of children for both groups was 72.5%. Among iodine-deficient children, about two-thirds (65.8%) performed below the mean grade score (χ 2 (df), 46.86 (1), p <0.001). Both school absenteeism and dropout from school were sign-ificantly higher for iodine-deficient children. For example, for a single day's absence from a class, the average grade score declined by 1.1 points (β=−1.10, 95% CI, −1.52, −0.70). Conclusion: Despite the efforts made by the Ethiopian government on universal salt iodization and other iodine deficiency disorder prevention programs for the last decade, many south Ethiopian children were unable to utilize their full academic potential due to chronic iodine deficiency. Trial Registration:
{"title":"Effect of Iodine Deficiency on Academic Performance of School Children in Dawro Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Agize Asfaw, T. Belachew","doi":"10.2147/nds.s259104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s259104","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The most visible effect of iodine deficiency (ID) is goiter, but the worst and much greater public health problem is its impact on the developing brain. Despite relatively increased attention to the consequences of ID on physical health, there are only a few studies on the influence of ID on schooling in Ethiopia. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of chronic ID on academic performance of school children in southwest Ethiopia. Methods: This study was conducted on 652 schoolchildren selected from six primary schools in southwest Ethiopia. Using prospective cohort study design, 362 iodine-deficient and 290 iodine-sufficient children were followed for the difference in academic grade scores for a period of 18 months. Results: Average grade score of children for both groups was 72.5%. Among iodine-deficient children, about two-thirds (65.8%) performed below the mean grade score (χ 2 (df), 46.86 (1), p <0.001). Both school absenteeism and dropout from school were sign-ificantly higher for iodine-deficient children. For example, for a single day's absence from a class, the average grade score declined by 1.1 points (β=−1.10, 95% CI, −1.52, −0.70). Conclusion: Despite the efforts made by the Ethiopian government on universal salt iodization and other iodine deficiency disorder prevention programs for the last decade, many south Ethiopian children were unable to utilize their full academic potential due to chronic iodine deficiency. Trial Registration:","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/nds.s259104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44268934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors Associated with Dietary Practice and Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women in Rural Communities of Illu Aba Bor Zone, Southwest Ethiopia","authors":"Dereje Tsegaye, Dessalegn Tamiru, T. Belachew","doi":"10.2147/nds.s257610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s257610","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/nds.s257610","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44830655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sepandi, S. Esmailzadeh, M. Hosseini, S. Hashemi, S. Abbaszadeh, Y. Alimohamadi, M. Taghdir
Background: Vitamin D de fi ciency (VDD) is a common concern. A high prevalence of VDD has been reported among pregnant women in different countries. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of VDD in the fi rst trimester of pregnancy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 267 pregnant women (before 14 weeks of gestation). The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured. Demographic data (age, educational level, season of blood sampling, and vitamin D supplementation intake) were collected using a questionnaire. Results: Based on the results of the study, 205 out of 267 subjects (76.8%) had de fi cient vitamin D levels (<20 ng/mL), 39 (14.6%) had insuf fi cient levels (20 – 29 ng/mL), and 23 (8.6%) had suf fi cient levels ( ≥ 30 ng/mL). In addition, 133 women (49.8%) had severe VDD. VDD The prevalence of VDD was higher among the younger age group than in the older group ( P =0.04). In multivariate analysis, the only variable that was signi fi cantly associated with low vitamin D status was taking supplements. Those who were not receiving vitamin D supplements had higher odds of VDD status (adjusted odds ratio=77.3, 95% CI 23.9 – 249.6). Conclusion: VDD is a public health problem in the fi rst trimester of pregnancy. Greater awareness among healthcare providers and the community is required for prevention and appropriate treatment.
{"title":"Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency Among Iranian Pregnant Women","authors":"M. Sepandi, S. Esmailzadeh, M. Hosseini, S. Hashemi, S. Abbaszadeh, Y. Alimohamadi, M. Taghdir","doi":"10.2147/nds.s261229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nds.s261229","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vitamin D de fi ciency (VDD) is a common concern. A high prevalence of VDD has been reported among pregnant women in different countries. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of VDD in the fi rst trimester of pregnancy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 267 pregnant women (before 14 weeks of gestation). The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured. Demographic data (age, educational level, season of blood sampling, and vitamin D supplementation intake) were collected using a questionnaire. Results: Based on the results of the study, 205 out of 267 subjects (76.8%) had de fi cient vitamin D levels (<20 ng/mL), 39 (14.6%) had insuf fi cient levels (20 – 29 ng/mL), and 23 (8.6%) had suf fi cient levels ( ≥ 30 ng/mL). In addition, 133 women (49.8%) had severe VDD. VDD The prevalence of VDD was higher among the younger age group than in the older group ( P =0.04). In multivariate analysis, the only variable that was signi fi cantly associated with low vitamin D status was taking supplements. Those who were not receiving vitamin D supplements had higher odds of VDD status (adjusted odds ratio=77.3, 95% CI 23.9 – 249.6). Conclusion: VDD is a public health problem in the fi rst trimester of pregnancy. Greater awareness among healthcare providers and the community is required for prevention and appropriate treatment.","PeriodicalId":43423,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/nds.s261229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42557840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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