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Propagating density fluctuations in hydrodynamics and beyond 在流体力学及其他领域传播密度波动
IF 0.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1478/AAPP.98S1A2
S. Cazzato, M. G. Izzo, T. Bryk, T. Scopigno, G. Ruocco
Density fluctuations in simple liquids are analysed in the context of three different and widely used formalisms, whose equivalence in the hydrodynamic limit is shown. We, furthermore, address the issue of the dispersion of the propagating modes outside the hydrodynamics, by comparing three different definitions of the generalized sound velocity. The first definition is standard in statistical mechanics. It relates the sound velocity to the imaginary part of the complex conjugate poles of the so-called intermediate scattering function. Other definitions, frequently used in the literature, identify the characteristic frequencies of the inelastic excitations with the maxima of the inelastic features of the dynamic structure factor, or with the maxima of the current function. The behaviour of these three quantities in the hydrodynamic limit is discussed. Deviations from hydrodynamic dispersion law are also considered with particular emphasis given to the analysis of different sound propagation regimes related to different density fluctuations decay channels.
本文在三种不同的、广泛使用的形式的背景下分析了简单液体的密度涨落,并证明了它们在水动力极限下的等价性。此外,我们通过比较三种不同的广义声速定义,解决了在流体力学之外传播模式的色散问题。第一个定义是统计力学中的标准定义。它将声速与所谓的中间散射函数的复共轭极点的虚部联系起来。文献中经常使用的其他定义,用动力结构因子的非弹性特征的最大值或当前函数的最大值来识别非弹性激励的特征频率。讨论了这三个量在水动力极限下的行为。还考虑了与水动力色散规律的偏差,特别强调了与不同密度起伏衰减通道相关的不同声音传播方式的分析。
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引用次数: 0
On the Debye-like behaviour of the specific heat of permanently densified silica glass 永久致密二氧化硅玻璃比热的德拜行为
IF 0.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1478/AAPP.98S1A3
G. Baldi, A. Fontana, F. Rossi
The aim of this work is to review the main results about the vibrational dynamics of glasses and to clarify the effect induced by changes of the mass density on their thermal properties. In particular, we present the temperature dependence of the specific heat of permanently densified silica glass in comparison to that of crystalline alpha-quartz. We propose a very simple and schematic model to interpret the experimental results.
本文综述了玻璃振动动力学的主要研究成果,阐明了质量密度变化对玻璃热性能的影响。特别是,我们提出了永久致密硅玻璃的比热与晶体α -石英的比热的温度依赖性。我们提出了一个非常简单的图解模型来解释实验结果。
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引用次数: 0
Rising the molecular mobility of polyvinyl butyral by plasticizers: towards energy storage applications 增塑剂提高聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的分子迁移率:储能应用
IF 0.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1478/AAPP.98S1A6
A. Bartolotta, G. Marco, M. Federico, G. Carini
The versatile behaviour of poly-vinylbutyral (PVB) and its ability to form quasi-solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) with reliable ionic mobility, has been investigated over the temperature range from 120 K to 350 K, by mechanical and dielectric spectroscopic measurements. Enhancements in the polymer chain flexibility, due to the addition of low molar mass organic liquid plasticizers (acetonitrile, AcN, and methoxy-propionitrile, MPN) favouring the long-range motion of charge carriers, give rise to a room temperature ionic conductivity which in the hybrid PVB/MPN/LiI system increases of about 3 and 9 orders of magnitude with respect to the counterparts PVB/LiI and pure dry-PVB system, respectively. This result proves the existence of coupling between cooperative segmental motion and ion dynamics in such kind of materials.
在120K至350K的温度范围内,通过机械和介电光谱测量,研究了聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)的多功能行为及其形成具有可靠离子迁移率的准固体聚合物电解质(SPE)的能力。由于添加了有利于电荷载流子长程运动的低摩尔质量有机液体增塑剂(乙腈、AcN和甲氧基丙腈、MPN),聚合物链柔性增强,其在混合PVB/MPN/LiI系统中分别相对于对应的PVB/LiI和纯干PVB系统增加约3和9个数量级。这一结果证明了在这类材料中,协同分段运动和离子动力学之间存在耦合。
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引用次数: 0
Introducing “Glasses and Polymers: The Science of Disorder” 介绍“玻璃与聚合物:无序科学”
IF 0.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1478/AAPP.98S1E1
G. D’Angelo, U. Wanderlingh, C. Branca
Preface to the AAPP special issue gathering the proceedings of the international workshop on Glasses and Polymers: the Science of Disorder , held in Messina, Italy, on 15-16 November 2018.
2018年11月15日至16日在意大利墨西拿举行的眼镜和聚合物:无序科学国际研讨会的前言。
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引用次数: 0
Raman and Brillouin scattering of spherical nanoparticles and their clusters 球形纳米粒子及其团簇的拉曼散射和布里渊散射
IF 0.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1478/AAPP.98S1A5
M. Secchi, M. Montagna
The inelastic light scattering of the acoustic vibration of spherical nanoparticles is reviewed. For particles much smaller than the wavelength of the exciting light (λ), with a diameter ( d ) smaller than about 20 nm, the dominant physical mechanism, called Raman, is the polarizability fluctuation due to dipole dipole or bond polarizability induced effects. Only spheroidal modes with l = 0 and l = 2 are Raman active. For particles of size comparable with λ ( d larger than about 100 nm) a different physical mechanism is dominant, the mass displacement and relative polarization associated with the vibration, as for the usual Brillouin scattering of liquid and solids. As the size increases, higher and higher l modes with higher and higher n, the index that labels the radial wavevector, become important and many dozen of peaks appear for d > 500 nm. A simple model allows to reproduce the main features of the observed spectra. A more precise agreement is obtained by a refinement that considers the interaction among the particles in a phononic crystals. The interaction produces broadening and shift of the lines and accounts for the presence of a very low frequency broad band, attributed to the density of states of the modes of the sound propagation in the crystal. The analysis of the spectra allows to obtain information on the dynamics of the single free sphere and on the strength of the interaction. By measuring the temperature-dependence of the Brillouin spectra in clusters of polystyrene nanoparticles during the sintering process, it is possible to identify the glass- transition temperature and calculate the elastic modulus of individual nanoparticles as a function of particle size and chemistry. Surface mobility is evidenced by a size dependence of the interaction among the particles and of the glass transition temperature.
综述了球形纳米粒子声振动的非弹性光散射。对于远小于激发光波长(λ)的粒子,直径(d)小于约20 nm,主要的物理机制,称为拉曼,是由偶极子偶极子或键极化率诱导效应引起的极化率波动。只有l = 0和l = 2的球面模是拉曼活动模。对于λ (d大于约100 nm)大小的粒子,不同的物理机制占主导地位,质量位移和相对极化与振动有关,就像液体和固体通常的布里渊散射一样。随着尺寸的增加,越来越高的l模式和越来越高的n(标记径向波矢量的指标)变得重要,并且在d > 500 nm出现了数十个峰。一个简单的模型可以重现观测到的光谱的主要特征。通过考虑声子晶体中粒子间相互作用的改进,得到了更精确的一致性。这种相互作用产生了谱线的加宽和位移,并解释了一个低频宽带的存在,这归因于晶体中声音传播模式的状态密度。对光谱的分析可以获得关于单自由球的动力学和相互作用强度的信息。通过测量烧结过程中聚苯乙烯纳米颗粒簇中的布里渊光谱的温度依赖性,可以确定玻璃化转变温度并计算单个纳米颗粒的弹性模量作为粒径和化学性质的函数。表面迁移率由粒子间相互作用和玻璃化转变温度的大小依赖性证明。
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引用次数: 1
On the fragility of complex material systems 关于复杂材料系统的脆弱性
IF 0.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-05-18 DOI: 10.1478/AAPP.981A4
M. T. Caccamo, S. Magazù, L. Restuccia
In this work we investigate, from both a macroscopic and a microscopic point of view, the fragility degree of complex material systems. In particular, we integrate a microscopic and a macroscopic approach. The former is formulated in the framework of non-equilibrium thermodynamics in order to obtain the phenomenological equations for the heat flux and viscous pressure tensor, as functions of the absolute temperature T and of the small strain tensor, in the isotropic case, where the shear viscosity is supposed to depend on T g /T . The latter is connected with a macroscopic definition of fragility, operatively introduced by Angell for glass-forming systems, and with the definition of thermal restraint, based on elastic incoherent neutron scattering data. On that score literature data of viscosity, as a function of concentration and temperature, and literature data of elastic intensity data are correlated with the system fragility and with the system thermal restraint. The obtained results are of interest for a wide range of innovative materials, such as, for example, carbon nanotubes and bioprotectant systems.
在这项工作中,我们从宏观和微观的角度研究了复杂材料系统的脆弱程度。特别是,我们结合了微观和宏观的方法。前者是在非平衡热力学的框架下表述的,目的是在各向同性的情况下,得到热流和粘性压力张量的现象学方程,作为绝对温度T和小应变张量的函数,其中剪切粘度应该取决于T g /T。后者与脆性的宏观定义(由Angell为玻璃形成系统引入)以及基于弹性非相干中子散射数据的热约束定义有关。在这一点上,粘度的文献数据作为浓度和温度的函数,弹性强度的文献数据与系统脆弱性和系统热约束相关。获得的结果对广泛的创新材料感兴趣,例如,碳纳米管和生物保护剂系统。
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引用次数: 0
Computer virus propagation modelled as a stochastic differential game 计算机病毒传播建模为随机微分对策
IF 0.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-05-07 DOI: 10.1478/AAPP.981A3
M. Lefebvre
The propagation of a computer virus is expressed as a stochastic differential game based on the two-dimensional Kermack-McKendrick model for the spread of epidemics. One optimizer tries to maximize the expected value of a cost function with quadratic control costs, while the other one wants to minimize this expected value. A particular problem is solved explicitly by making use of the method of similarity solutions to obtain the solution to the partial differential equation satisfied by the value function, subject to the appropriate conditions.
基于二维Kermack-McKendrick流行病传播模型,将计算机病毒的传播表示为随机微分对策。一个优化器试图最大化具有二次控制成本的成本函数的期望值,而另一个优化器则希望最小化该期望值。在适当的条件下,利用相似解的方法得到值函数所满足的偏微分方程的解,明确地求解某一特定问题。
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引用次数: 2
The Curculioninae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) of Sicily: recent records and updated catalogue 西西里岛的龟甲亚科(鞘翅目:龟甲科):最新记录和最新目录
IF 0.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-05-04 DOI: 10.1478/AAPP.981A1
C. Baviera, R. Caldara
An updated catalogue of the Sicilian species of the weevil subfamily Curculioninae is proposed on the basis of revised bibliographical data and new Sicilian material collected by the authors and other entomologists in the last decades. A total of 167 species is reported with certainty from the main island and surrounding isles, five of them new for Sicily: Anthonomus conspersus (Desbrochers des Loges, 1868), Bradybatus fallax Gerstaecker, 1860, Dorytomus rubrirostris (Gravenhorst, 1807), Gymnetron stimulosum (Germar, 1821) and Tychius longicollis C.N.F. Brisout de Barneville, 1863. Detailed data for Anthonomus incurvus (Panzer, 1795), A. ulmi (DeGeer, 1775), Bradybatus elongatulus (Boheman, 1843), Curculio propinquus (Desbrochers des Loges, 1868), Archarius troglodytes (Jekel, 1861), Derelomus subcostatus Boheman, 1844, Pachytychius discithorax Desbrochers des Loges, 1873, and Sibinia arenariae Stephens, 1831 are quoted for the first time, being these species previously reported generically from Sicily. The presence of 14 taxa formerly indicated from Sicily is considered as doubtful, whereas for other 16 taxa it is excluded.
根据作者和其他昆虫学家在过去几十年中收集的修订后的目录数据和新的西西里材料,提出了一份更新的象甲亚科西西里物种目录。据报道,主岛和周围岛屿共有167种物种,其中5种是西西里岛的新物种:Anthonomus consolesus(Desbrochers des Loges,1868)、Bradybatus fallax Gerstaecker,1860、Dorytomus rubrirostris(Gravenhorst,1807)、Gymnetron stimulosum(Germar,1821)和Tychius longicolis C.N.F.Brisout de Barneville,1863。首次引用了Anthonomus incavus(Panzer,1795)、A.ulmi(DeGeer,1775)、Bradybatus elongatulus(Bohman,1843)、Curculio propincus(Desbrochers des Loges,1868)、Archarius troglodytes(Jekel,1861)、Derelomus subcostatus Bohman(1844)、Pachytychius discithorax Desbrocheers des Loges(1873)和Sibinia arenariae Stephens(1831)的详细数据,这些物种以前一般来自西西里岛。西西里岛以前指示的14个分类群的存在被认为是可疑的,而其他16个分类群则被排除在外。
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引用次数: 2
Stability and Hopf bifurcation analysis of a distributed time delay energy model for sustainable economic growth 可持续经济增长的分布式时滞能量模型的稳定性和Hopf分岔分析
IF 0.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-05-04 DOI: 10.1478/AAPP.981A2
M. Ferrara, M. Gangemi, L. Guerrini, B. Pansera
This paper examines the consequences of including distributed delays in an energy model. The stability behaviour of the resulting equilibrium for our dynamic system is analysed, including models with Dirac, weak and strong kernels. Applying the Hopf bifurcation theorem we determine conditions under which limit cycle motion is born in such models. The results indicate that distributed delays have an ambivalent impact on the dynamical behaviour of systems, either stabilizing or destabilizing them.
本文研究了在能量模型中包含分布式延迟的后果。分析了系统的稳定性,包括狄拉克模型、弱核模型和强核模型。应用Hopf分岔定理,确定了这种模型产生极限环运动的条件。结果表明,分布式延迟对系统的动态行为具有矛盾的影响,要么是稳定的,要么是不稳定的。
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引用次数: 4
SET-VALUED ORTHOGONALITY AND NEARNESS 集值正交性和逼近性
IF 0.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-02-02 DOI: 10.1478/AAPP.98S2A2
A. Barbagallo, Octavian-Emil Ernst, Michel Théra
The theory of set-valued mappings has grown with the development of modern variational analysis. It is a key in convex and non-smooth analysis, in game theory, in mathematical economics and in control theory. The concepts of nearness and orthogonality have been known for functions since the pioneering works of Campanato, Birkhoff and James. In a recent paper Barbagallo et al. [J. Math. Anal. Appl., 484 (1), (2020)] a connection between these two concepts has been made. This note is mainly devoted to introduce nearness and orthogonality between set-valued mappings with the goal to study the solvability of generalized equations involving set-valued mappings.
集值映射理论是随着现代变分分析的发展而发展起来的。它是凸和非光滑分析、博弈论、数学经济学和控制理论中的一个关键。自从Campanato、Birkhoff和James的开创性工作以来,函数的接近性和正交性的概念就已经为人所知。在最近的一篇论文中,Barbagallo等人[J.Math.Anal.Appl.,484(1),(2020)]将这两个概念联系起来。本文主要致力于引入集值映射之间的逼近性和正交性,目的是研究包含集值映射的广义方程的可解性。
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引用次数: 0
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Atti Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti-Classe di Scienze Fisiche Matematiche e Naturali
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