Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists最新文献_第10页

84 - Effect of orthodontic aligners on periodontal health in patients with and without trisomy 21 正畸矫正器对21三体患者和非21三体患者牙周健康的影响

IF 3.2 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.07.088

Cristiane Travalão Tripoli Paes Barbosa , Wericon Pedro Santos , Daniele Gregório , Roberto Bespalez Neto , Thaís Maria Freire Fernandes , Paula Vanessa Pedron Oltramari

Effect of Orthodontic Aligners on Periodontal Health in Patients With and Without Trisomy 21 Introduction: Patients with Down Syndrome (T21) have a higher susceptibility to periodontal disease due to dental anomalies and difficulties with oral hygiene, which promote plaque accumulation. These patients often require orthodontic treatment to correct malocclusions and skeletal issues, which can be challenging. Orthodontic aligners are an alternative to traditional braces, offering benefits such as better hygiene and comfort.

Objective: To assess the periodontal condition of patients with T21 during treatment with orthodontic aligners.

Material and Methods: The study included 30 patients (ages 11-35), divided into two groups: T21 (n=10, treated prospectively) and CONTROL (n=20, accessed retrospectively). Both groups used Invisalign™ aligners and had their periodontal condition assessed before treatment and after 60, 120, 180, and 365 days, using the Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) and Plaque Index (PI). Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk, Chi-Square, Fisher, Mann-Whitney, ANOVA, and independent t-tests (p<0.05).

Results: The T21 group showed a higher incidence of periodontal pockets at the start of the study (p=0.038) and consistently higher plaque indices at all follow-up periods (p<0.05). No significant difference in gingival bleeding was observed between the groups (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Orthodontic aligners are a viable option for patients with T21, as they facilitate oral hygiene and help reduce the risk of periodontal complications. The study emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to optimize clinical outcomes and improve the quality of life for these patients.

介绍：唐氏综合征（T21）患者由于牙齿异常和口腔卫生困难，对牙周病的易感性更高，这促进了牙菌斑的积累。这些患者通常需要正畸治疗来纠正咬合错误和骨骼问题，这可能是具有挑战性的。正畸矫正器是传统牙套的替代品，提供更好的卫生和舒适等好处。目的：评价T21患者在使用正畸矫正器治疗时的牙周状况。材料与方法：本研究纳入30例患者，年龄11-35岁，分为两组：T21组（n=10，前瞻性治疗）和对照组（n=20，回顾性调查）。两组患者均使用Invisalign™矫正器，并在治疗前、治疗后60、120、180和365天分别使用牙龈出血指数（GBI）和菌斑指数（PI）评估牙周状况。统计学分析采用Shapiro-Wilk、Chi-Square、Fisher、Mann-Whitney、ANOVA和独立t检验（p<0.05）。结果：T21组在研究开始时牙周袋发生率较高（p=0.038），在所有随访期间菌斑指数均保持较高（p=0.038;0.05）。两组牙龈出血发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（p < 0.05）。结论：正畸矫正器对于T21患者是一种可行的选择，因为它们促进口腔卫生并有助于降低牙周并发症的风险。该研究强调了多学科方法对优化临床结果和改善这些患者生活质量的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Palatal versus buccal protraction using plates assisted with facemask in growing Class III patients: A randomized clinical trial 在生长中的III类患者中，使用板辅助面罩进行腭与颊前伸：一项随机临床试验。

IF 3.2 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.06.004

Mohamed Adel Raghib , Mohamed Abdallah Elsaharty , Mohammad H. Mohammad , Marwa Shamaa , Ahmed A. El-Bialy

Background

This study aimed to compare palatal versus buccal protraction using plates assisted with a facemask in growing Class III patients.

Methods

Twenty growing Class III patients were randomly allocated into two main groups. In Group 1, a surgical mini-plate was bent into a semicircular shape and adapted to the patient’s model to extend from the canine area on one side to the contralateral canine area. The adapted mini-plate was placed on the palate immediately posterior to the palatal rugae. Four self-drilling surgical mini-screws were installed with an angulation of 60°–70° to the long axis of the teeth. In Group 2, a surgical mini-plate was bent and placed in the zygomatic buttress area, according to the anatomy of the region, and fixed with screws. The end of the mini-plate was exposed over the keratinized attached gingiva near the canine, and the end holes were modified to create a hook for elastics. Mucoperiosteal flaps were repositioned and sutured. For both groups, pretreatment and post-treatment cephalometric radiographs were analyzed to evaluate maxillary protraction and dentoskeletal changes.

Results

A statistically significant difference was found when comparing treatment periods in both groups, with Group 1 showing a shorter treatment duration (P < 0.05). Comparison of cephalometric measurements between pre- and post-treatment revealed statistically significant differences in both angular and linear dimensions (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Both skeletal anchorage protocols for maxillary protraction effectively resolved the severe maxillary deficiency in growing Class III patients.

背景：本研究旨在比较在生长中的III类患者中使用板辅助面罩的腭和颊牵引。方法：20例生长期III级患者随机分为两组。在第1组中，外科迷你钢板弯曲成半圆形，并适应患者的模型，从一侧的犬区延伸到对侧的犬区。适应后的迷你板被放置在腭褶后的腭上。安装4颗自钻孔外科微型螺钉，与牙齿长轴成60°-70°角。在第2组中，根据颧支撑区域的解剖结构，将外科微型钢板弯曲并放置在颧支撑区域，并用螺钉固定。迷你板的末端暴露在靠近犬齿的角化附著牙龈上，并修改末端孔以创建弹性钩。粘骨膜瓣重新定位并缝合。对两组患者进行治疗前和治疗后的头颅x线片分析，以评估上颌前伸和牙骨骼的变化。结果：两组治疗时间比较，差异有统计学意义，其中1组治疗时间更短(p)结论：两种上颌牵引骨支抗方案均能有效解决生长期III类患者上颌严重缺陷。

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引用次数: 0

72 - Determining the optimal indicator for facial size changes: Height, weight, or Body Mass Index (BMI) alterations? 确定面部尺寸变化的最佳指标：身高、体重或身体质量指数（BMI）变化？

IF 3.2 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.07.076

Malgorzata Bilinska , Agnieszka Garlicka , Peter Direr , Petra Kaminkova , Piotr Fudalej

Background: Identifying a simple and reliable indicator of facial size changes in children is crucial for optimizing orthodontic treatment. This is because the best timing for treatment often can aligns with periods of accelerated growth, which coincide with significant facial size changes.

Case Summary: The study seeks to determine the relationship between changes in facial soft tissue size and changes in height, weight, and BMI in developing children. Study involved 113 children (57 girls, 56 boys), average age of 11.8 years (SD = 1.9), recruited from schools in the Olomouc Region, Czech Republic. Facial morphology was captured at two 1-year intervals using a 3D stereophotogrammetric scanner, height and weight were recorded annually, BMI was calculated. Geometric morphometrics (14 fixed landmarks, 400 semi-landmarks) was applied to evaluate facial size. Centroid size (CS) was used as a measure of facial size. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the sample, Generalized Procrustes analysis with multivariate regression models were employed to analyze the relationship between annual changes in CS (dependent variable) and changes in height, weight, BMI, sex and age (independent variables). The mean annual changes in CS were 35.6 (SD=23.1) and 53.4 (SD=27.9), mean annual height changes were 6.8 cm (SD=1.9) and 7.1 cm (SD=2.7), mean annual weight changes: 4.7 kg (SD=2.8) and 6.8 kg (SD=4.1) and mean annual BMI changes: 0.5 (SD=1) and 1.1 (SD=1.6). Regression models showed that the best predictor of CS change was weight change (R²=0.26, p<0.001), followed by height change (R²=0.15, p<0.001), and BMI change (R²=0.09, p=0.003). Age had no significant effect on CS change, but sex was associated with CS change, with boys showing more CS changes than girls (R²=0.15, p=0.003).

Conclusions: Monitoring changes in body weight appears to be a better indicator of facial size changes than tracking height in children.

背景：确定一种简单可靠的儿童面部大小变化指标对于优化正畸治疗至关重要。这是因为治疗的最佳时机通常与加速生长的时期一致，这与面部大小的显著变化相吻合。病例总结：本研究旨在确定发育中儿童面部软组织大小变化与身高、体重和BMI变化之间的关系。研究涉及113名儿童（57名女孩，56名男孩），平均年龄11.8岁（SD = 1.9），来自捷克共和国奥洛穆茨地区的学校。每隔2年使用3D立体摄影扫描仪捕捉面部形态，每年记录身高和体重，计算BMI。采用几何形态计量学（14个固定地标，400个半地标）评价面部大小。质心大小（CS）被用来衡量面部大小。采用描述性统计对样本进行汇总，采用多元回归模型的广义Procrustes分析分析CS（因变量）与身高、体重、BMI、性别、年龄（自变量）的年度变化之间的关系。CS年平均变化分别为35.6 （SD=23.1）和53.4 (SD=27.9)，身高年平均变化分别为6.8 cm （SD=1.9）和7.1 cm (SD=2.7)，体重年平均变化分别为4.7 kg （SD=2.8）和6.8 kg (SD=4.1)， BMI年平均变化分别为0.5 （SD=1）和1.1 （SD=1.6）。回归模型显示，CS变化的最佳预测因子是体重变化（R²=0.26,p= 0.001），其次是身高变化（R²=0.15,p= 0.001）和BMI变化（R²=0.09,p=0.003）。年龄对CS变化无显著影响，但性别与CS变化相关，男孩CS变化多于女孩（R²=0.15,p=0.003）。结论：监测体重变化似乎比追踪身高更能反映儿童面部尺寸的变化。

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引用次数: 0

73 - Development and psychometric properties of the portuguese version of the orofacial appearance perception questionnaire 葡萄牙语版面部外观知觉问卷的发展和心理测量特性

IF 3.2 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.07.077

Lucas Arrais De Campos , Lucas Mafra dos Anjos , Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos

Background

The Orofacial Appearance Perception Questionnaire (OAPQ) is an English-language scale proposed to simultaneously measure self-perception of orofacial appearance and the related psychological constructs of self-esteem, body image, and perfectionism.

Objectives

(i) to translate and culturally adapt the OAPQ to Portuguese and (ii) to estimate its psychometric properties when applied to Brazilian adults.

Methods

The Portuguese version of the OAPQ (OAPQ-Pt) was established through translation, back-translation, and a pilot study. An online cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic sample was conducted to estimate the psychometric properties of the OAPQ-Pt. Psychometric properties were assessed by factorial validity (confirmatory factor analysis [CFA]), convergent validity (Average Variance Extracted [AVE]), and reliability (omega [ω] and ordinal alpha [α] coefficients).

Results

A total of 710 individuals participated in the study (74.0% female, 23.8% dental patients, mean ± standard deviation of age: 28.5 ± 8.9 years). The OAPQ-Pt presented an adequate fit to the sample data after excluding one item from the "perfectionism" factor (CFA: comparative fit index [CFI] ≥ 0.92, Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] ≥ 0.90, and standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] < 0.08). Convergent validity (AVE ≥ 0.5) and reliability (ω and α ≥ 0.82) were adequate.

Conclusion

The OAPQ-Pt demonstrated adequate psychometric properties when applied to Brazilian adults. Therefore, the data obtained using the OAPQ-Pt are valid and reliable for measuring self-perception of orofacial appearance and related psychological constructs among Brazilian adults.

摘要口腔面部外观知觉问卷（OAPQ）是一种英语量表，旨在同时测量口腔面部外观的自我知觉以及自尊、身体形象和完美主义的相关心理构念。目标(i)将OAPQ翻译成葡萄牙语并进行文化调整；（ii）评估其在巴西成年人身上的心理测量特性。方法通过翻译、反译和初步研究建立葡萄牙语版OAPQ （OAPQ- pt）。采用非概率样本进行在线横断面研究，以估计OAPQ-Pt的心理测量特性。心理测量特性通过因子效度（验证性因子分析[CFA]）、收敛效度（平均方差提取[AVE]）和信度（ω [ω]和序数α [α]系数）进行评估。结果共710人参与研究，其中女性74.0%，牙科患者23.8%，年龄平均±标准差28.5±8.9岁。在排除“完美主义”因素中的一个项目后，OAPQ-Pt与样本数据的拟合程度足够（CFA：比较拟合指数[CFI]≥0.92，Tucker-Lewis指数[TLI]≥0.90，标准化均方根残差[SRMR] <； 0.08）。收敛效度（AVE≥0.5）和信度（ω和α≥0.82）足够。结论OAPQ-Pt在巴西成年人中具有良好的心理测量特性。因此，使用OAPQ-Pt获得的数据对于测量巴西成年人的面部外观和相关心理构形的自我知觉是有效和可靠的。

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引用次数: 0

70 - Dentoskeletal changes in orthodontically treated patients with and without extractions: A 37-year follow-up 在接受正畸治疗的患者中，拔牙和不拔牙的牙齿骨骼变化：37年的随访

IF 3.2 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.07.074

Gabriel Eduardo Bravo Vallejo , Renan Peloso , Lorena Wilka , Caroline Gambardela-Tkacz , Karina Freitas , Marcos Freitas

The long-term consequences of orthodontic treatment have been a major concern to ensure that orthodontists adopt the appropriate protocol in resolving malocclusions without causing undesirable outcomes in the future. The objective of this study was to evaluate dento-skeletal changes in orthodontic treatment with and without extractions after 37 years of follow-up. Forty Class I and Class II patients were divided into the Extractions Group and the Non-Extractions Group. Dolphin Imaging software was used to analyze cephalometric radiographs by assessing facial dento-skeletal structures. The Extractions Group consisted of 24 patients (16 females, 8 males), with a mean long-term follow-up of 36.99 years. The Non-Extractions Group consisted of 16 patients (10 females, 6 males), with a mean long-term follow-up of 36.58 years. An independent t-test was used for intergroup comparisons. During orthodontic treatment, the extractions group showed lower incisor retraction (p=0.019). The non-extractions group had a shorter treatment duration (p=0.31). At the 37-year follow-up, both groups presented similar dento-skeletal changes. Orthodontic treatment with and without extractions resulted in comparable dento-skeletal changes at the 37-year follow-up.

正畸治疗的长期后果一直是一个主要关注的问题，以确保正畸医生采用适当的方案来解决错颌，而不会在未来造成不良后果。本研究的目的是在37年的随访后评估有拔牙和没有拔牙的正畸治疗中牙齿-骨骼的变化。将40例ⅰ、ⅱ类患者分为拔牙组和非拔牙组。使用Dolphin Imaging软件通过评估面部牙齿-骨骼结构来分析头颅x线片。拔牙组共24例（女16例，男8例），平均长期随访36.99年。非拔牙组16例（女10例，男6例），平均长期随访36.58年。组间比较采用独立t检验。正畸治疗时，拔牙组出现下切牙后缩（p=0.019）。未拔牙组治疗时间较短（p=0.31）。在37年的随访中，两组都出现了相似的牙齿-骨骼变化。在37年的随访中，有拔牙和没有拔牙的正畸治疗导致了类似的牙齿-骨骼变化。

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引用次数: 0

2 - 3D evaluation of bone morphology of the infra-zygomatic crest: A retrospective study 颧下嵴骨形态的三维评价：一项回顾性研究

IF 3.2 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.07.006

Marta Neves dos Santos , Iman Bugaighis , José Brito , Luís Proença , Pedro Mariano Pereira

There is limited information regarding available bone volume in the sagittal direction of the Infra-Zygomatic Crest (IZC) for a Micro-Implant (MI) safe insertion. To assess the bone available in the sagittal direction when the IZC anterior and posterior walls reach an inclination of 45°. Cone Beam Computed Tomography of 100 patients (60 females and 40 males) were assessed. The IZC curvature was determined 1mm vestibular to the alveolar cortical bone. The site in which the curvature reached 45° was localised. The anteroposterior IZC sagittal measurement at that site was extracted and compared for left/right asymmetry using a paired sample Student’s t-test. Additionally, the measurements were compared as a function of sex and age group (≤21 years vs. >21 years) by using independent samples Student’s t-test. Furthermore, the correlation between those measurements and age and sex was assessed utilizing the Spearman correlation coefficient (rho). All inferential analyses were performed at a 5% significance level (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between paired IZC sagittal measurements (3.6±1.3 mm left side, 3.5±1.5 mm right side) (p=0.144), except for younger individuals (p=0.030). Also, no significant differences were found between males/females (p=0.149 left side, p=0.152 right side). However, a significant difference was identified between the younger age group (3.2 ±1.2 mm) and the older cohort (3.8 ±1.6 mm) for the right IZC sagittal dimension (p=0.038), with an estimated mean difference of 0.03-1.16 mm (95% CI). A significant positive correlation was found between the right IZC sagittal dimension and age (rho=0.201, p=0.045). Sufficient IZC bone volume at an angle of 45° is available for inserting a MI with no sex or side (left/right) variation, except for younger individuals. The right IZC sagittal dimension was found to be age-dependent and significantly higher in older individuals.

关于在颧下嵴（IZC）矢状方向上用于微植入物（MI）安全插入的可用骨体积的信息有限。评估椎体前、后壁倾角为45°时矢状方向可用骨。对100例患者（女性60例，男性40例）进行锥形束计算机断层扫描。在距牙槽皮质骨前庭1mm处测定IZC曲率。曲率达到45°的部位被定位。提取该部位的正后侧IZC矢状测量值，并使用配对样本学生t检验比较左/右不对称。此外，通过使用独立样本学生t检验，将测量值作为性别和年龄组（≤21岁vs. >；21岁）的函数进行比较。此外，利用Spearman相关系数（rho）评估这些测量值与年龄和性别之间的相关性。所有的推理分析均在5%显著性水平下进行（p<0.05）。配对IZC矢状面测量值（左侧3.6±1.3 mm，右侧3.5±1.5 mm）之间无显著差异（p=0.144），除了年轻个体（p=0.030）。此外，男性/女性之间无显著差异（左侧p=0.149，右侧p=0.152）。然而，在年轻组（3.2±1.2 mm）和老年组（3.8±1.6 mm）之间，右IZC矢状面尺寸有显著差异（p=0.038），估计平均差异为0.03-1.16 mm （95% CI）。右侧IZC矢状面尺寸与年龄呈显著正相关（rho=0.201, p=0.045）。除了年轻人外，45°角的足够IZC骨容量可用于插入MI，没有性别或侧面（左/右）变化。发现右IZC矢状面尺寸与年龄有关，并且在老年人中明显更高。

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引用次数: 0

34 - Assessment of the skin facial profile: Comparison between a public jury and a professional jury 皮肤面部轮廓的评估：公众陪审团与专业陪审团的比较

IF 3.2 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.07.038

Amine Majid , Sair Salma , Ousehal Lahcen

Facial aesthetics can play an important role in interpersonal relationships, social inclusion and self-esteem.In terms of facial profile, jaw position and incisor inclination play an important role in facial aesthetics and offer relevant information for treatment planning. Orthodontic treatment needs to take these features on board, particularly in areas racial diversity.

Objectives: - Determine the facial profile the most and least appreciated by a Moroccan population. - To evaluate and compare the perception of Moroccan dentists and members of the public with regard to different facial profiles.

Methods: An initial photographic image of a facial profile of a Brazilian brunette woman was modified with respect to the Ricketts E-line, producing labial positions of -4mm, -2mm, 0mm, +2mm, +4mm, +6mm, and +8mm. The 7 digital photographs were printed and randomly arranged in an album and then presented to a sample of 51 dentists (Orthodontists, Prosthodontists and Periodontists) and 60 members of the public. Assessments were made using a visual analog scale.

Results: - Flat and slightly concave profiles were voted most pleasing by the two juries. - When the profile was very convex, the two juries agreed that it was unattractive. - The Moroccan public jury is more generous in its ratings than the professional jury. - Skin color can influence the perception of facial profile.

Conclusion: The differences between public and professional perceptions of facial profiles should be considered when performing aesthetic treatments. Clinicians must be careful not to impose their own standards of beauty on patients and should take individual preferences and cultural perspectives into account.

面部美学在人际关系、社会包容和自尊方面发挥着重要作用。在面部轮廓方面，下颌位置和门牙倾斜度在面部美学中起着重要作用，并为治疗计划提供相关信息。正畸治疗需要考虑到这些特征，特别是在种族多样化的地区。目标：-确定摩洛哥人最喜欢和最不喜欢的面部轮廓。-评价和比较摩洛哥牙医和公众对不同面部轮廓的看法。方法：根据Ricketts e线对一名巴西黑发女性面部轮廓的初始摄影图像进行修改，产生-4mm， -2mm, 0mm, +2mm, +4mm， +6mm和+8mm的唇部位置。这7张数码照片被打印并随机排列在一个相册中，然后向51名牙医（正畸医生、修复医生和牙周病医生）和60名公众提供样本。使用视觉模拟量表进行评估。结果：-平坦和微凹的轮廓被两个评审团评为最令人满意的。-当轮廓非常凸出时，两个陪审团一致认为它没有吸引力。-摩洛哥公众陪审团的评分比专业陪审团更慷慨。肤色可以影响对面部轮廓的感知。结论：在进行美容治疗时，应考虑公众和专业人士对面部轮廓的认知差异。临床医生必须小心，不要把自己的审美标准强加给病人，应该考虑到个人偏好和文化观点。

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引用次数: 0

56 - Comparison of the smile attractiveness of Class II patients treated with the Twin Force appliance and Orthognatic Surgery 56 -双力矫治器与正颌手术治疗II类患者微笑吸引力的比较

IF 3.2 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.07.060

Kelli Zeferino Correia Bauermann , Jaíne Larissa Codato Serigioli , Célia Regina Maio Pinzan-Vercelino , Paula Cotrin , Fabrício Pinelli Valarelli , Karina Maria Salvatore de Freitas

Facial aesthetics, especially the smile, greatly influence attractiveness and social interactions, being a factor increasingly valued in contemporary society.

Objective

This study aimed to compare the attractiveness of the smile in Class II patients treated with a Twin Force Bite Corrector appliance or surgically. Material and

Methods

The sample consisted of smile photographs of 30 patients before and after treatment. All had Class II malocclusion, treated without extraction, divided into two groups based on the treatment. Group 1 (TFBC) had 15 patients (10 men, 5 women, mean starting age 19.55 years), with a treatment time of 2.58 years. Group 2 (Surgical) had 15 patients (6 men, 9 women, mean starting age 20.14 years), with a treatment time of 2.36 years. Photos were standardized, placed on a black-and-white scale, and evaluated via Google Forms by laypeople, dentists, and orthodontists, rating smile attractiveness from 0 to 10. Inter-group comparisons used the independent t-test.

Results

Both groups showed significant improvements in smile attractiveness, but the surgical group had greater final scores. Orthodontists gave higher ratings than laypeople and dentists.

Conclusion

The improvement in smile attractiveness was similar in both groups, but patients treated surgically had greater smile attractiveness at the end of treatment.

面部美学，尤其是微笑，极大地影响着吸引力和社会交往，是当代社会越来越重视的一个因素。目的比较双牙合矫正器与手术治疗II类患者的微笑吸引力。材料与方法样本为30例患者治疗前后的微笑照片。所有患者均为II类错牙合，不拔除治疗，根据治疗情况分为两组。组1 (TFBC) 15例，男10例，女5例，平均起始年龄19.55岁，治疗时间2.58年。手术组15例，男6例，女9例，平均起始年龄20.14岁，治疗时间2.36年。照片被标准化，放在黑白尺度上，并由外行人、牙医和正畸医生通过谷歌表格进行评估，将微笑的吸引力从0到10打分。组间比较采用独立t检验。结果两组患者在微笑吸引力方面都有显著提高，但手术组的最终得分更高。正畸医生的评分高于门外汉和牙医。结论两组患者微笑吸引力的改善相似，但手术治疗患者在治疗结束时的微笑吸引力更大。

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引用次数: 0

23 - Antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of fistulae in cleft palate repair 抗生素预防腭裂修复术后瘘的发生

IF 3.2 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.07.027

Suhavi Singh , Nitisha Narayan , Alistair Cobb , Neil McLean , David David , Shaheel Chummun

Postoperative infection following cleft palate repair can result in wound breakdown and oronasal fistula formation, leading to complications such as impaired speech development, regurgitation, and scarring, which may restrict maxillary growth. Symptomatic fistulae often necessitate further surgeries, impacting psychosocial development through missed school and social disruption. Despite this, there is limited evidence supporting the use of postoperative antibiotics to prevent infection or fistula formation, and no consensus exists among cleft surgeons. This study aimed to evaluate fistula rates and the effect of postoperative antibiotic regimens in primary cleft palatoplasty. A retrospective quality improvement study was conducted on 97 consecutive patients undergoing cleft palate repair between August 2020 and August 2022. Data included demographics, cleft type (Veau classification), antibiotic regimen, and fistula presence at three-month follow-up. Two surgeons, both using the Sommerlad intravelar veloplasty technique, employed differing antibiotic protocols: Surgeon A administered intravenous (IV) antibiotics on induction with either two additional IV doses (Cycle 1) or no further antibiotics (Cycle 2), while Surgeon B added a seven-day course of oral antibiotics post-discharge. Fistula rates were 11.3% in Cycle 1 and 5.8% in Cycle 2, with no significant differences between regimens in either cycle (Cycle 1: χ² = 0.0255, p = 0.8730; Cycle 2: χ² = 0.021, p = 0.8848). These findings suggest extended antibiotic use does not significantly reduce fistula formation and underscore the importance of promoting antibiotic stewardship. Although limited by sample size, this study highlights the need for a UK-wide randomised controlled trial to establish evidence-based guidelines and standardise postoperative care.

腭裂修复术后感染可导致伤口破裂和口鼻瘘形成，导致语言发育障碍、反流和瘢痕形成等并发症，这可能限制上颌生长。有症状的瘘管往往需要进一步的手术，通过失学和社会破坏影响心理社会发展。尽管如此，支持术后使用抗生素预防感染或瘘管形成的证据有限，腭裂外科医生也没有达成共识。本研究旨在评估腭裂成形术中瘘发生率和术后抗生素治疗方案的效果。对2020年8月至2022年8月连续97例腭裂修复患者进行回顾性质量改善研究。数据包括人口统计学、唇裂类型（Veau分类）、抗生素治疗方案和三个月随访时的瘘管存在情况。两位外科医生都使用了Sommerlad行内速度成形术，采用了不同的抗生素方案：A外科医生在诱导时静脉注射抗生素，并添加两个额外的静脉剂量（第1周期）或不再使用抗生素（第2周期），而B外科医生在出院后增加了一个7天的口服抗生素疗程。第1周期的瘘管率为11.3%，第2周期的瘘管率为5.8%，两个周期的方案之间无显著差异（第1周期：χ² = 0.0255,p = 0.8730；第2周期：χ² = 0.021,p = 0.8848）。这些发现表明，延长抗生素的使用并不能显著减少瘘的形成，并强调了促进抗生素管理的重要性。尽管样本量有限，但本研究强调需要在英国范围内进行随机对照试验，以建立循证指南和标准化术后护理。

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引用次数: 0

35 - Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in vitamin D-related and Parathyroid Hormone Gene with non-syndromic oral cleft 维生素d相关基因和甲状旁腺激素基因单核苷酸多态性与非综合征性唇裂的关系

IF 3.2 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.07.039

Jana Marciniak , Gabriela Fonseca-Souza , Rafaela Scariot , Juliana Feltrin-Souza , Christian Kirschneck , Erika Calvano Küchler

Non-syndromic oral clefts (NSOC) result from disruptions in the development of the primary and secondary palate and are categorized into cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and palate (CLP), and cleft palate (CP). NSOC is a condition with complex genetically heterogeneous backgrounds for that several genes might be involved. Therefore this cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between NSOC and functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes that potentially influence the vitamin D levels and PTH levels. Brazilian individuals with NSOC – presenting cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and palate (CLP) and cleft palate (CP) – and a comparison group of children without NSOC were selected. The DNA of all individuals was obtained from epithelial cells of the oral mucosa. Ten SNPs in six genes (VDR, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, SEC23A, CALCR and PTH) were selected. Genotyping was performed by real-time PCR. The association between NSCL/P and vitamin D-related polymorphisms was analysed by Chi-square test at a significance level of 5%. The sample consisted of 274 individuals with 154 NSOC individuals and 120 controls. The most frequent cleft type in the NSOC group was CLP (n=91; 59.1%), followed by CL (n=43; 27.9%) and CP (n=20; 13.0%). A statistical significance was observed for the rs694 for NSOC (p = 0.0243) and for the CL (p = 0.0302) compared to the control. In conclusion, the SNP rs694 in the gene encoding parathyroid hormone was associated with non-syndromic oral cleft for that the CC genotype could be a protective factor.

非综合征性唇腭裂（NSOC）是由原发性和继发性腭裂发育中断引起的，分为唇裂（CL）、唇腭裂（CLP）和腭裂（CP）。NSOC是一种具有复杂遗传异质性背景的疾病，可能涉及多个基因。因此，本横断面研究旨在探讨NSOC与可能影响维生素D水平和甲状旁腺激素水平的基因的功能单核苷酸多态性（snp）之间的关系。巴西的NSOC患者（表现为唇裂（CL）、唇腭裂（CLP）和腭裂（CP））和非NSOC儿童的对照组被选中。所有个体的DNA均取自口腔黏膜上皮细胞。选择了VDR、CYP27B1、CYP24A1、SEC23A、CALCR和PTH 6个基因的10个snp。采用实时荧光定量PCR进行基因分型。采用卡方检验分析NSCL/P与维生素d相关多态性的相关性，显著性水平为5%。样本包括274名个体，154名NSOC个体和120名对照。NSOC组最常见的唇裂类型为CLP (n=91, 59.1%)，其次为CL （n=43, 27.9%）和CP （n=20, 13.0%）。与对照组相比，rs694对NSOC （p = 0.0243）和CL （p = 0.0302）有统计学意义。综上所述，甲状旁腺激素编码基因SNP rs694与非综合征性唇裂相关，CC基因型可能是一个保护因素。

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引用次数: 0