Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938769
J. Reagan, S. Kurtz
A vertical bifacial + reflector configuration is presented as a candidate for solar canal design. Simulations show output to be competitive with fixed 20° tilt systems, with South-facing vertical orientation showing 117% and 87% of annual output of South-facing 20° systems with and without a reflector, respectively. South-facing vertical orientations have better performance in non-summer months relative to other systems, resulting in a flatter seasonal curve, with useful implications for load balancing and energy storage. East- and West-facing vertical orientations outperform their fixed tilt defaults, even without a reflector, and tolerate higher DC/ AC inverter ratios than similar South-facing vertical orientations before appreciable clipping effects are seen.
{"title":"Vertical Bifacial Solar Panels as a Candidate for Solar Canal Design","authors":"J. Reagan, S. Kurtz","doi":"10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938769","url":null,"abstract":"A vertical bifacial + reflector configuration is presented as a candidate for solar canal design. Simulations show output to be competitive with fixed 20° tilt systems, with South-facing vertical orientation showing 117% and 87% of annual output of South-facing 20° systems with and without a reflector, respectively. South-facing vertical orientations have better performance in non-summer months relative to other systems, resulting in a flatter seasonal curve, with useful implications for load balancing and energy storage. East- and West-facing vertical orientations outperform their fixed tilt defaults, even without a reflector, and tolerate higher DC/ AC inverter ratios than similar South-facing vertical orientations before appreciable clipping effects are seen.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133603546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1364/pvled.2022.pvw2h.4
M. Van de Voorde, R. Saive
We are developing a method for the fabrication of high aspect ratio and high throughput solar cell front contacts, called string-printing. For this, a thread coated with silver paste approaches a silicon substrate until contact is made and then is pulled away to form high aspect ratio, ideally triangular-shaped silver contacts. Here, we describe the fabrication method and show first results. So far, we have been able to fabricate structures with an aspect ratio of 1 whereas we noticed a strong dependence on the thread diameter and the paste viscosity. Furthermore, we also suspect a dependence on the withdrawal speed of the thread. Our approach is a highly scalable, low temperature process that can boost the performance of solar cell metallization for the terawatt future.
{"title":"Fabricating high aspect ratio front contacts for solar cells by string-printing","authors":"M. Van de Voorde, R. Saive","doi":"10.1364/pvled.2022.pvw2h.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pvled.2022.pvw2h.4","url":null,"abstract":"We are developing a method for the fabrication of high aspect ratio and high throughput solar cell front contacts, called string-printing. For this, a thread coated with silver paste approaches a silicon substrate until contact is made and then is pulled away to form high aspect ratio, ideally triangular-shaped silver contacts. Here, we describe the fabrication method and show first results. So far, we have been able to fabricate structures with an aspect ratio of 1 whereas we noticed a strong dependence on the thread diameter and the paste viscosity. Furthermore, we also suspect a dependence on the withdrawal speed of the thread. Our approach is a highly scalable, low temperature process that can boost the performance of solar cell metallization for the terawatt future.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133707643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938680
Mesude Bayrakci-Boz, J. Ranalli
Optimal power flow has been solved to show possible effects of solar variability and location of solar systems on electricity price using the IEEE 30 Bus Test system. Different densities of simulated solar generation plants were used, with higher-density plants exhibiting higher variability of generation. The effects of different solar variability conditions tested in this study were found to be minimal on the absolute reduction in local marginal prices (LMPs), but low-density plant distributions exhibited smaller and less frequent fluctuations in the price. In some cases, solar generation was observed to reduce the LMP to zero, resulting from congestion that limited the export of electricity. We observed that lower-density generation distributions could reduce the frequency of these rapid price fluctuations. The location of solar systems within the grid can also have a significant impact on LMPs. When solar generation is installed at a high demand bus, the LMP typically decreased at both the local and neighboring buses. When the solar systems are installed at a low demand bus, the LMPs were observed to increase or decrease depending on the demand and congestion. This work highlights the importance of the effects of solar system location on LMP.
{"title":"Analyzing Effects of Solar Variability and System Location on LMP Prices","authors":"Mesude Bayrakci-Boz, J. Ranalli","doi":"10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938680","url":null,"abstract":"Optimal power flow has been solved to show possible effects of solar variability and location of solar systems on electricity price using the IEEE 30 Bus Test system. Different densities of simulated solar generation plants were used, with higher-density plants exhibiting higher variability of generation. The effects of different solar variability conditions tested in this study were found to be minimal on the absolute reduction in local marginal prices (LMPs), but low-density plant distributions exhibited smaller and less frequent fluctuations in the price. In some cases, solar generation was observed to reduce the LMP to zero, resulting from congestion that limited the export of electricity. We observed that lower-density generation distributions could reduce the frequency of these rapid price fluctuations. The location of solar systems within the grid can also have a significant impact on LMPs. When solar generation is installed at a high demand bus, the LMP typically decreased at both the local and neighboring buses. When the solar systems are installed at a low demand bus, the LMPs were observed to increase or decrease depending on the demand and congestion. This work highlights the importance of the effects of solar system location on LMP.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131861947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938691
Deniz N. Cakan, Rishi E. Kumar, Connor J Dolan, Moses Kodur, Yanqi Luo, Tao Zhou, Z. Cai, Barry Lai, Martin Holt, D. Fenning
Inorganic halide perovskites are attractive for achieving the wide bandgap optimal for a high-efficiency perovskite-perovskite tandem photovoltaic based on today’ Pb-Sn low bandgap compositions. However, they have suffered from lower photoluminescent quantum yield relative to hybrid compositions and phase instability. To improve upon metastable CsPbI3, we explore triple-halide alloying of minor amounts of Br and Cl with I. In agreement with previous reports for hybrid analogues, we observe a chlorine solubility limit in the majority iodine-bromine all-inorganic perovskite lattice. Past this solubility limit we observe the perovskite forming a split phase of iodine-bromine-rich and bromine-chlorine-rich clusters. Interestingly, these dual-phase thin films show superior and long lasting PL-intensity under 40-sun equivalent 633 nm laser intensity, which hints at possible synergistic effects of this chemical heterogeneity. We leverage multi-modal synchrotron microscopy and correlative spectroscopic micro-photoluminescence (µPL) on all-inorganic triple halide perovskites CsPbX3 (X-site: I/Br/Cl) films to elucidate mechanisms for superior performance in the face of phase segregation. The results suggest that a greater focus on harnessing the flexibility of the inorganic perovskite material system holds promise to retrace the outstanding performance and stability gains made in hybrid analogues.
{"title":"Superior Performance of Two-Phase Triple Halide Inorganic Perovskites","authors":"Deniz N. Cakan, Rishi E. Kumar, Connor J Dolan, Moses Kodur, Yanqi Luo, Tao Zhou, Z. Cai, Barry Lai, Martin Holt, D. Fenning","doi":"10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938691","url":null,"abstract":"Inorganic halide perovskites are attractive for achieving the wide bandgap optimal for a high-efficiency perovskite-perovskite tandem photovoltaic based on today’ Pb-Sn low bandgap compositions. However, they have suffered from lower photoluminescent quantum yield relative to hybrid compositions and phase instability. To improve upon metastable CsPbI3, we explore triple-halide alloying of minor amounts of Br and Cl with I. In agreement with previous reports for hybrid analogues, we observe a chlorine solubility limit in the majority iodine-bromine all-inorganic perovskite lattice. Past this solubility limit we observe the perovskite forming a split phase of iodine-bromine-rich and bromine-chlorine-rich clusters. Interestingly, these dual-phase thin films show superior and long lasting PL-intensity under 40-sun equivalent 633 nm laser intensity, which hints at possible synergistic effects of this chemical heterogeneity. We leverage multi-modal synchrotron microscopy and correlative spectroscopic micro-photoluminescence (µPL) on all-inorganic triple halide perovskites CsPbX3 (X-site: I/Br/Cl) films to elucidate mechanisms for superior performance in the face of phase segregation. The results suggest that a greater focus on harnessing the flexibility of the inorganic perovskite material system holds promise to retrace the outstanding performance and stability gains made in hybrid analogues.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134170056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938679
Estefania Papaioannou, Pritpal Singh, Ross Lee
A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an analytical framework that quantifies the environmental impacts associated with the lifecycle stages of a product. This LCA compares the impacts of 1 kWh of electricity (functional unit) produced by two different hypothetical solar modules: a standard PERC crystalline silicon module and a luminescent solar concentrator (LSC)/PERC tandem module. An LSC-PERC tandem device contains luminescent materials that absorb incoming light with a wide frequency range and re-emits the energy as light in a narrow wavelength range that can be absorbed by silicon, increasing the module power conversion efficiency from 20% to 24%. This ‘cradle to grave’ LCA includes the following life stages: materials acquisition and module fabrication in China, transport to the hypothetical installation site in New Jersey, installation, use, electricity generated, maintenance, disassembly, and end of life. The results indicate that the tandem module will have less overall environmental impacts per unit of electricity generated than the PERC module. The carbon footprint calculated for the PERC module is 31.3 g CO2 eq/kWh, compared with 18.0 g CO2 eq/kWh for the Tandem module. Other impact categories analyzed include ozone depletion, smog, acidification, eutrophication, and human health effects. Several Sustainable Product Innovation (SPI) improvements were proposed and evaluated, including a reduction in the thickness of the silicon cells, replacement of virgin aluminum with recycled aluminum in the frames, removal of antimony in the formulation of the LSC device, and transfer of manufacturing from China to the USA. These SPIs further reduced the environmental impacts in the tandem modules and are reported on in this paper.
生命周期评估(LCA)是一个分析框架，用于量化与产品生命周期阶段相关的环境影响。本LCA比较了两种不同的假设太阳能组件:标准PERC晶体硅模块和发光太阳能聚光器(LSC)/PERC串联模块产生的1千瓦时电力(功能单位)的影响。LSC-PERC串联器件包含的发光材料可以吸收宽频率范围的入射光，并将能量以可被硅吸收的窄波长范围内的光的形式重新发射，将模块的功率转换效率从20%提高到24%。这种“从摇篮到坟墓”的生命周期分析包括以下生命阶段:在中国获取材料和模块制造，运输到新泽西州的假想安装地点，安装，使用，发电，维护，拆卸，以及生命周期结束。结果表明，串联模块比PERC模块产生的每单位电力对整体环境的影响要小。PERC模块的碳足迹为31.3 g CO2当量/kWh，而Tandem模块的碳足迹为18.0 g CO2当量/kWh。分析的其他影响类别包括臭氧消耗、烟雾、酸化、富营养化和对人类健康的影响。提出并评估了几项可持续产品创新(SPI)改进，包括减少硅电池的厚度，在框架中用再生铝代替原铝，在LSC设备的配方中去除锑，以及将制造从中国转移到美国。这些spi进一步减少了串联模块对环境的影响，并在本文中进行了报道。
{"title":"Life Cycle Assessment of High-Efficiency Si Solar Modules","authors":"Estefania Papaioannou, Pritpal Singh, Ross Lee","doi":"10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938679","url":null,"abstract":"A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an analytical framework that quantifies the environmental impacts associated with the lifecycle stages of a product. This LCA compares the impacts of 1 kWh of electricity (functional unit) produced by two different hypothetical solar modules: a standard PERC crystalline silicon module and a luminescent solar concentrator (LSC)/PERC tandem module. An LSC-PERC tandem device contains luminescent materials that absorb incoming light with a wide frequency range and re-emits the energy as light in a narrow wavelength range that can be absorbed by silicon, increasing the module power conversion efficiency from 20% to 24%. This ‘cradle to grave’ LCA includes the following life stages: materials acquisition and module fabrication in China, transport to the hypothetical installation site in New Jersey, installation, use, electricity generated, maintenance, disassembly, and end of life. The results indicate that the tandem module will have less overall environmental impacts per unit of electricity generated than the PERC module. The carbon footprint calculated for the PERC module is 31.3 g CO2 eq/kWh, compared with 18.0 g CO2 eq/kWh for the Tandem module. Other impact categories analyzed include ozone depletion, smog, acidification, eutrophication, and human health effects. Several Sustainable Product Innovation (SPI) improvements were proposed and evaluated, including a reduction in the thickness of the silicon cells, replacement of virgin aluminum with recycled aluminum in the frames, removal of antimony in the formulation of the LSC device, and transfer of manufacturing from China to the USA. These SPIs further reduced the environmental impacts in the tandem modules and are reported on in this paper.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115176861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938962
Félix-Louis Gayot, E. Bruhat, M. Manceau, E. de Vito, D. Mariolle, Stephanc Cros
This work presents a comparative study between tin(IV) oxide $(mathbf{SnO_{2}})$ thin films deposited either by solution process or by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) for an application as an electron selective layer in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. This study is motivated by the usually lower performances of solar cells using electron selective layer (ESL) made of ALD-grown $mathbf{SnO_{2}}$ compared to ones using a solution-processed ESL. Chemical, electrical, optical and topographical properties of each type of film were investigated. In an attempt to link thin film properties to device characteristics single-junction perovskite solar cells and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells were fabricated. Despite the high-quality conductivity and optical properties of ALD-grown $mathbf{SnO_{2}}$, perovskite-based solar cells employing such film showed limited performances. Characterization of perovskite films properties grown on both type of $mathbf{SnO_{2}}$ did not rise significant differences and tend to indicate some hindering factors at the ALD-grown $mathbf{SnO_{2}}$ interface with perovskite. Specifically, a larger workfunction for ALD-grown $mathbf{SnO_{2}}$ may create a potential barrier for electron extraction at perovskite interface
{"title":"Study of ALD-grown Tin Oxide as an Electron Selective Layer for NIP Perovskite-Based Solar Cells","authors":"Félix-Louis Gayot, E. Bruhat, M. Manceau, E. de Vito, D. Mariolle, Stephanc Cros","doi":"10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938962","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a comparative study between tin(IV) oxide $(mathbf{SnO_{2}})$ thin films deposited either by solution process or by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) for an application as an electron selective layer in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. This study is motivated by the usually lower performances of solar cells using electron selective layer (ESL) made of ALD-grown $mathbf{SnO_{2}}$ compared to ones using a solution-processed ESL. Chemical, electrical, optical and topographical properties of each type of film were investigated. In an attempt to link thin film properties to device characteristics single-junction perovskite solar cells and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells were fabricated. Despite the high-quality conductivity and optical properties of ALD-grown $mathbf{SnO_{2}}$, perovskite-based solar cells employing such film showed limited performances. Characterization of perovskite films properties grown on both type of $mathbf{SnO_{2}}$ did not rise significant differences and tend to indicate some hindering factors at the ALD-grown $mathbf{SnO_{2}}$ interface with perovskite. Specifically, a larger workfunction for ALD-grown $mathbf{SnO_{2}}$ may create a potential barrier for electron extraction at perovskite interface","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115392168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938665
Jeffrey A. Christians, Jonathan Outen, Rory M Campagna, Zachery R Wylie, Peter Ruffolo
Efforts to improve halide perovskite solar cell stability require detailed understanding of all of the various degradation modes that can occur in a device. One degradation mode of note is the perovskite to nonperovskite phase transition. In this work, we demonstrate a simple method to track the kinetics of this in CsPbI3 thin films. We demonstrate that this phase transition is first order with respect to atmospheric water. Moreover, we show the ability to decrease the phase transition rate from 7.5×10–3 s−1 to 1.4×10–3 s−1 by surface iodide treatment of the films. This insight will help the design of more robust perovskite films and continued understanding of this phase transformation will likely be important for efforts aimed at extrapolating accelerated lifetime tests.
{"title":"Passivating Surface Iodide Defects Slows the CsPbI3 Phase Transformation","authors":"Jeffrey A. Christians, Jonathan Outen, Rory M Campagna, Zachery R Wylie, Peter Ruffolo","doi":"10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938665","url":null,"abstract":"Efforts to improve halide perovskite solar cell stability require detailed understanding of all of the various degradation modes that can occur in a device. One degradation mode of note is the perovskite to nonperovskite phase transition. In this work, we demonstrate a simple method to track the kinetics of this in CsPbI3 thin films. We demonstrate that this phase transition is first order with respect to atmospheric water. Moreover, we show the ability to decrease the phase transition rate from 7.5×10–3 s−1 to 1.4×10–3 s−1 by surface iodide treatment of the films. This insight will help the design of more robust perovskite films and continued understanding of this phase transformation will likely be important for efforts aimed at extrapolating accelerated lifetime tests.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114531888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938897
C. Pike, D. Riley, L. Burnham
As solar photovoltaic technology is deployed in snowier and more northern locations and bifacial module use continues to increase, ground albedo from snow plays a significant role in the energy output of these systems. Accurately knowing the ground albedo allows for more accurate production models. Here we use multiple years of measured snow and albedo data from 6 locations to develop a snow albedo change model that uses time and temperature as the major inputs.
{"title":"A Model to Predict Daily Snow Albedo Change Over Time","authors":"C. Pike, D. Riley, L. Burnham","doi":"10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938897","url":null,"abstract":"As solar photovoltaic technology is deployed in snowier and more northern locations and bifacial module use continues to increase, ground albedo from snow plays a significant role in the energy output of these systems. Accurately knowing the ground albedo allows for more accurate production models. Here we use multiple years of measured snow and albedo data from 6 locations to develop a snow albedo change model that uses time and temperature as the major inputs.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114832833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938938
J. G. Bessa, Álvaro F. Solas, F. A. Cruz, E. Fernández, L. Micheli
Soiling is a major issue that greatly determines the operation and maintenance cost of PV systems. The occurrence of extreme dust events in sites where typically the losses due to soiling are not high can significantly alter the cleaning schedule. In this work, two different environmental-based models are applied to estimate the soiling losses that two recent Saharan dust intrusions caused in a location in southern Spain. During the first one, a peak of PM10 equal to 904 μg/m was reached, and it became the most intense dust event registered in 10 years for both its intensity and its length, as it lasted almost three days. Due to these two factors that led to very low irradiance values during the episode, no measurements from a soiling station installed in the site were available. Therefore, the only approach to quantify the impact of this event was through environmental-based soiling extraction models. The results of these models showed both relatively high differences between them and a strong dependence with the cleaning threshold value. These issues are expected to impact the decision-making about the cleaning of PV modules. For example, non-negligible differences were found when considering a cleaning threshold of 1 mm/day or a cleaning threshold of 10 mm/day. In the first case, only 1 day with significant soiling losses (8.3% using Coello' model) is detected; whereas in the second case, the PV modules are supposed to be notably soiled (losses >=3D 8.3%) during 5 days.
{"title":"Results of Environmental-Based PV Soiling Models after Extreme Dust Events: The Case of Saharan Dust Intrusions in Southern Spain","authors":"J. G. Bessa, Álvaro F. Solas, F. A. Cruz, E. Fernández, L. Micheli","doi":"10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938938","url":null,"abstract":"Soiling is a major issue that greatly determines the operation and maintenance cost of PV systems. The occurrence of extreme dust events in sites where typically the losses due to soiling are not high can significantly alter the cleaning schedule. In this work, two different environmental-based models are applied to estimate the soiling losses that two recent Saharan dust intrusions caused in a location in southern Spain. During the first one, a peak of PM10 equal to 904 μg/m was reached, and it became the most intense dust event registered in 10 years for both its intensity and its length, as it lasted almost three days. Due to these two factors that led to very low irradiance values during the episode, no measurements from a soiling station installed in the site were available. Therefore, the only approach to quantify the impact of this event was through environmental-based soiling extraction models. The results of these models showed both relatively high differences between them and a strong dependence with the cleaning threshold value. These issues are expected to impact the decision-making about the cleaning of PV modules. For example, non-negligible differences were found when considering a cleaning threshold of 1 mm/day or a cleaning threshold of 10 mm/day. In the first case, only 1 day with significant soiling losses (8.3% using Coello' model) is detected; whereas in the second case, the PV modules are supposed to be notably soiled (losses >=3D 8.3%) during 5 days.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116050863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938955
Atanu Purkayastha, Manoranjan Minz, R. Sonkar, A. T. Mallajosyula
In this work, various metal nanoparticles have been used to improve the efficiency of a single layer 2D/3D mixed-dimensional hybrid tin perovskite solar cell, exploiting the surface plasmon effect. Silvaco TCAD and Lumerical FDTD software have been used for this study. As a first step, the thickness of perovskite layer, without the presence of any nanoparticles, has been optimized using experimentally determined optical constants. It has been found that the best possible efficiency of 14.13% is obtained at 180 nm. At this thickness, the size and position of metal nanoparticles in the perovskite layer have been varied. With spherical silver nanoparticles of 15 nm radius placed at the electron transport layer interface, the light absorption has been significantly enhanced for wavelengths between 450–600 nm and above 800 nm. Owing to this, the maximum possible photocurrent density improved by 7% to 29.64 $mathbf{mA}.mathbf{cm}^{-2}$.
{"title":"Investigation of lead-free 2D/3D mixed-dimensional tin perovskite solar cell embedded with plasmonic metal nanoparticles","authors":"Atanu Purkayastha, Manoranjan Minz, R. Sonkar, A. T. Mallajosyula","doi":"10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938955","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, various metal nanoparticles have been used to improve the efficiency of a single layer 2D/3D mixed-dimensional hybrid tin perovskite solar cell, exploiting the surface plasmon effect. Silvaco TCAD and Lumerical FDTD software have been used for this study. As a first step, the thickness of perovskite layer, without the presence of any nanoparticles, has been optimized using experimentally determined optical constants. It has been found that the best possible efficiency of 14.13% is obtained at 180 nm. At this thickness, the size and position of metal nanoparticles in the perovskite layer have been varied. With spherical silver nanoparticles of 15 nm radius placed at the electron transport layer interface, the light absorption has been significantly enhanced for wavelengths between 450–600 nm and above 800 nm. Owing to this, the maximum possible photocurrent density improved by 7% to 29.64 $mathbf{mA}.mathbf{cm}^{-2}$.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123080376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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