Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938960
N. Pyrlik, C. Ossig, G. Fevola, S. Patjens, Jan Hense, Catharina Ziska, M. Seyrich, F. Seiboth, A. Schropp, J. Garrevoet, G. Falkenberg, C. Schroer, Romain Carron, M. Stuckelberger
Recent developments in focusing hard X-rays to nanoscale beams have enabled scanning X-ray microscopy modalities and their simultaneous exploitation in multi-modal measurement campaigns. Specifically, X-ray beam induced current and X-ray fluorescence measurements have been established for the correlation of the electrical performance with the distribution of absorber and trace elements for thin-film solar cells with absorbers from CIGS to CdTe and perovskites. For CIGS, the composition is in an especially complex interplay with the synthesis conditions and the crystallographic structure due to the tetragonal lattice distortions, steep vertical In/Ga gradients, and lateral inhomogeneities that introduce lattice strain and structural defects. For this contribution, we have added scanning X-ray nano-diffraction to the multi-modal envelope of scanning X-ray microscopy to assess crystallographic properties of a solar-cell series with a varying In/Ga ratio. For the first time, this combination has been used to characterize a statistically significant number of CIGS grains embedded in as-deposited solar cells: mapping out the real and reciprocal space, we have isolated nearly 500 individual grains. This enabled us to elucidate Materials Paradigm of CIGS, by (1) correlating the lateral Cd and In/Ga distribution with the local performance and lattice spacing with unprecedented sensitivity, (2) differentiating voids in the absorber layer that appear (not) to be filled with CdS, and (3) evaluating the crystallographic properties including the grain orientation and grain-boundary classification with sub-grain resolution and powerful statistics in fully assembled devices. In the full presentation, we will elaborate on our methodological advances and unveil performance-relevant findings from the CdS coverage to the strain distribution at small- and large-angle grain boundaries. Beyond applications to CIGS, our work highlights the latest developments in the field of X-ray imaging and paves the way for advanced correlative nanoscopy at diffraction-limited storage rings that will become operational within the next few years.
{"title":"Elucidating Materials Paradigm of CIGS by Structure--Composition-- Performance Correlations","authors":"N. Pyrlik, C. Ossig, G. Fevola, S. Patjens, Jan Hense, Catharina Ziska, M. Seyrich, F. Seiboth, A. Schropp, J. Garrevoet, G. Falkenberg, C. Schroer, Romain Carron, M. Stuckelberger","doi":"10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938960","url":null,"abstract":"Recent developments in focusing hard X-rays to nanoscale beams have enabled scanning X-ray microscopy modalities and their simultaneous exploitation in multi-modal measurement campaigns. Specifically, X-ray beam induced current and X-ray fluorescence measurements have been established for the correlation of the electrical performance with the distribution of absorber and trace elements for thin-film solar cells with absorbers from CIGS to CdTe and perovskites. For CIGS, the composition is in an especially complex interplay with the synthesis conditions and the crystallographic structure due to the tetragonal lattice distortions, steep vertical In/Ga gradients, and lateral inhomogeneities that introduce lattice strain and structural defects. For this contribution, we have added scanning X-ray nano-diffraction to the multi-modal envelope of scanning X-ray microscopy to assess crystallographic properties of a solar-cell series with a varying In/Ga ratio. For the first time, this combination has been used to characterize a statistically significant number of CIGS grains embedded in as-deposited solar cells: mapping out the real and reciprocal space, we have isolated nearly 500 individual grains. This enabled us to elucidate Materials Paradigm of CIGS, by (1) correlating the lateral Cd and In/Ga distribution with the local performance and lattice spacing with unprecedented sensitivity, (2) differentiating voids in the absorber layer that appear (not) to be filled with CdS, and (3) evaluating the crystallographic properties including the grain orientation and grain-boundary classification with sub-grain resolution and powerful statistics in fully assembled devices. In the full presentation, we will elaborate on our methodological advances and unveil performance-relevant findings from the CdS coverage to the strain distribution at small- and large-angle grain boundaries. Beyond applications to CIGS, our work highlights the latest developments in the field of X-ray imaging and paves the way for advanced correlative nanoscopy at diffraction-limited storage rings that will become operational within the next few years.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130096654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938640
M. Beattie, H. Helmers, G. Forcade, C. Valdivia, D. Lackner, Oliver Höahn, K. Hinzer
Photonic power converters designed and fabricated at Fraunhofer ISE for operation in the O-band were measured under non-uniform 1319 nm laser illumination with five spot sizes. Two 5.4 mm2 devices were studied. The first used lattice-matched InGaAsP on an InP substrate while the second used lattice-mismatched InGaAs grown on GaAs with a step-graded metamorphic buffer. The maximum measured efficiencies were 52.9% at a laser power of 353 m W and 48.8% at 413 mW for the lattice-matched and −mismatched designs respectively. Both maximal efficiencies were measured with a spot size of 2.3 mm, the largest and most uniform laser-spot applied in this study. The devices were insensitive to the illumination uniformity for input powers < 100 mW, exhibiting a logarithmic relationship between open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current density consistent with the non-ideal diode equation. At higher powers, deviations were observed from this trend and both devices exhibited better performance for larger spot sizes. Distributed circuit modeling (DCM), which uses a two-diode model and accounts for lateral current flow and resistive losses, was used to explore the mechanisms responsible for the measured beam-size dependence. Agreement was achieved between the DCM and experimental data measured under broadband uniform illumination. Under a Gaussian laser-illumination profile, comparison between the DCM and experimental data suggested that both resistive losses and localized heating likely contributed to the performance reductions under non-uniform illumination. Better performance at higher illumination powers could be achieved by engineering a more uniform illumination profile, optimizing the front metallization, or adopting multi-junction device architectures.
{"title":"High-Performance O- Band Photonic Power Converters Under Non-Uniform Laser Illumination","authors":"M. Beattie, H. Helmers, G. Forcade, C. Valdivia, D. Lackner, Oliver Höahn, K. Hinzer","doi":"10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938640","url":null,"abstract":"Photonic power converters designed and fabricated at Fraunhofer ISE for operation in the O-band were measured under non-uniform 1319 nm laser illumination with five spot sizes. Two 5.4 mm2 devices were studied. The first used lattice-matched InGaAsP on an InP substrate while the second used lattice-mismatched InGaAs grown on GaAs with a step-graded metamorphic buffer. The maximum measured efficiencies were 52.9% at a laser power of 353 m W and 48.8% at 413 mW for the lattice-matched and −mismatched designs respectively. Both maximal efficiencies were measured with a spot size of 2.3 mm, the largest and most uniform laser-spot applied in this study. The devices were insensitive to the illumination uniformity for input powers < 100 mW, exhibiting a logarithmic relationship between open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current density consistent with the non-ideal diode equation. At higher powers, deviations were observed from this trend and both devices exhibited better performance for larger spot sizes. Distributed circuit modeling (DCM), which uses a two-diode model and accounts for lateral current flow and resistive losses, was used to explore the mechanisms responsible for the measured beam-size dependence. Agreement was achieved between the DCM and experimental data measured under broadband uniform illumination. Under a Gaussian laser-illumination profile, comparison between the DCM and experimental data suggested that both resistive losses and localized heating likely contributed to the performance reductions under non-uniform illumination. Better performance at higher illumination powers could be achieved by engineering a more uniform illumination profile, optimizing the front metallization, or adopting multi-junction device architectures.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131475450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938884
Hebatalla Alhamadani, Shaikha Hassan, G. Mathiak, Omar Albadwawi, V. Alberts
In this paper, the performance of hydrophobic coating on glass coupons and photocatalytic hydrophilic coating on solar modules installed in hot desert climate is analyzed using different test methods. Results reveal that after one month of outdoor exposure, and before cleaning the samples, the transmittance of uncleaned coated coupons reduced by 12.5% in comparison to 17.6% for the uncoated coupon. This result confirms the anti-soiling effect of the coating. After cleaning, the transmittance of the coated glass coupons under light exposure was slightly higher than coated coupons placed under shade, as well as higher in comparison to the uncoated coupons. This phenomenon could be caused by the degradation of the coating layer by light and high temperature. It is also observed that the wetting angle reduces with light exposure. In addition, the external quantum efficiency peak of the uncoated solar module was found to be higher than the coated module by approximately 1%. The I-V curves show higher power losses over the exposure time for coated module due to light soaking. These results provide an insight into the actual performance of different commercial anti-soiling coatings under hot desert conditions.
{"title":"Performance Investigation and Analysis of Anti-Soiling Coatings in Hot Desert Climate","authors":"Hebatalla Alhamadani, Shaikha Hassan, G. Mathiak, Omar Albadwawi, V. Alberts","doi":"10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938884","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the performance of hydrophobic coating on glass coupons and photocatalytic hydrophilic coating on solar modules installed in hot desert climate is analyzed using different test methods. Results reveal that after one month of outdoor exposure, and before cleaning the samples, the transmittance of uncleaned coated coupons reduced by 12.5% in comparison to 17.6% for the uncoated coupon. This result confirms the anti-soiling effect of the coating. After cleaning, the transmittance of the coated glass coupons under light exposure was slightly higher than coated coupons placed under shade, as well as higher in comparison to the uncoated coupons. This phenomenon could be caused by the degradation of the coating layer by light and high temperature. It is also observed that the wetting angle reduces with light exposure. In addition, the external quantum efficiency peak of the uncoated solar module was found to be higher than the coated module by approximately 1%. The I-V curves show higher power losses over the exposure time for coated module due to light soaking. These results provide an insight into the actual performance of different commercial anti-soiling coatings under hot desert conditions.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"17 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131605511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938837
M. Muller
This study presents the development and validation of a novel soiling chamber. The chamber is novel in that it includes wind induced soiling, feedback from a low-cost particulate monitor, and in-situ Isc measurements. Validation with side-by-side identical modules within the chamber produced soiling losses of 7% over 19 hours while the soiling ratio was always within 0.5% between the two modules. Initial side-by-side testing of an anti-soiling coated module versus and uncoated module demonstrated significant wind induced cleaning of the coated module. Specifically, the coated module showed only 0.8% soiling loss while the uncoated module reached as much as 10.5% soiling loss.
{"title":"Development of a Novel Soiling Chamber for Testing Antisoiling Coatings","authors":"M. Muller","doi":"10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938837","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the development and validation of a novel soiling chamber. The chamber is novel in that it includes wind induced soiling, feedback from a low-cost particulate monitor, and in-situ Isc measurements. Validation with side-by-side identical modules within the chamber produced soiling losses of 7% over 19 hours while the soiling ratio was always within 0.5% between the two modules. Initial side-by-side testing of an anti-soiling coated module versus and uncoated module demonstrated significant wind induced cleaning of the coated module. Specifically, the coated module showed only 0.8% soiling loss while the uncoated module reached as much as 10.5% soiling loss.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130725120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938822
D. Fregosi, M. Bolen
Monitoring PV plant health informs operations and maintenance activities. Models of the plant are used to calculate expected power, given the meteorological conditions. The expected power is used to normalize plant performance. This work evaluates the accuracy of various empirical, or data-driven, models and compares them to physics-based models by measuring how closely the calculated expected power matches actual power. It was found that empirical models offer greater accuracy and ease of setup than physics-based models. Methods to improve model performance are proposed and evaluated.
{"title":"An Evaluation of Empirical Models for use in Normalizing PV Plant Performance Data","authors":"D. Fregosi, M. Bolen","doi":"10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938822","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring PV plant health informs operations and maintenance activities. Models of the plant are used to calculate expected power, given the meteorological conditions. The expected power is used to normalize plant performance. This work evaluates the accuracy of various empirical, or data-driven, models and compares them to physics-based models by measuring how closely the calculated expected power matches actual power. It was found that empirical models offer greater accuracy and ease of setup than physics-based models. Methods to improve model performance are proposed and evaluated.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134478410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938520
Farzan ZareAfifi, Daniel Baerwaldt, Socheata Hour, Y. Xie, S. Kurtz
The use of batteries in energy storage power plants in the United States has increased significantly. A prime objective of the plants is to provide power in times of peak demand after being charged with renewable sources, mainly solar power. Modeling of solar adoption is largely dependent on understanding how solar and batteries work together, including the need to quantify the battery efficiency. In this study, the efficiency of the energy storage plants in U.S. was calculated based on U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) data. A mathematical model is proposed relating the efficiency and the number of cycles per month, grouping plants by installation year. We conclude that newer plants show higher efficiencies, and in the case of experiencing an average of one cycle per day, the newer plants show efficiencies of around 90%. Also, we see a lower efficiency for plants cycled less than five times per month. The efficiency is observed to be between 80% and 90% for batteries experiencing more than five full cycles each month.
{"title":"Performance investigation of batteries supporting solar power in U.S.","authors":"Farzan ZareAfifi, Daniel Baerwaldt, Socheata Hour, Y. Xie, S. Kurtz","doi":"10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938520","url":null,"abstract":"The use of batteries in energy storage power plants in the United States has increased significantly. A prime objective of the plants is to provide power in times of peak demand after being charged with renewable sources, mainly solar power. Modeling of solar adoption is largely dependent on understanding how solar and batteries work together, including the need to quantify the battery efficiency. In this study, the efficiency of the energy storage plants in U.S. was calculated based on U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) data. A mathematical model is proposed relating the efficiency and the number of cycles per month, grouping plants by installation year. We conclude that newer plants show higher efficiencies, and in the case of experiencing an average of one cycle per day, the newer plants show efficiencies of around 90%. Also, we see a lower efficiency for plants cycled less than five times per month. The efficiency is observed to be between 80% and 90% for batteries experiencing more than five full cycles each month.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131864398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938895
A. Driesse, M. Theristis, J. Stein
PV module operating temperature is the second most important factor influencing system yield, after irradiance. A variety of temperature models are used within yield simulation software to predict module operating temperature, which then determines operating efficiency. Four temperature models are frequently used: PVsyst, Faiman, SAPM and SAM NOCT. Although these models are similar, their parameter values are not directly interchangeable. In this work we demonstrate the equivalence or near-equivalence of these four temperature models, and from there we develop equations to convert their parameter values back and forth. This is more than a convenience for users of simulation software. We use this capability, for example, to compare and analyze the typical and default values preset for different model/software combinations. The functions to perform the parameter conversions are made available as open-source software in pvlib-python.
{"title":"PV Module Operating Temperature Model Equivalence and Parameter Translation","authors":"A. Driesse, M. Theristis, J. Stein","doi":"10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938895","url":null,"abstract":"PV module operating temperature is the second most important factor influencing system yield, after irradiance. A variety of temperature models are used within yield simulation software to predict module operating temperature, which then determines operating efficiency. Four temperature models are frequently used: PVsyst, Faiman, SAPM and SAM NOCT. Although these models are similar, their parameter values are not directly interchangeable. In this work we demonstrate the equivalence or near-equivalence of these four temperature models, and from there we develop equations to convert their parameter values back and forth. This is more than a convenience for users of simulation software. We use this capability, for example, to compare and analyze the typical and default values preset for different model/software combinations. The functions to perform the parameter conversions are made available as open-source software in pvlib-python.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127367205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938755
M. Yun, Yeon Hyang Sim, D. Y. Lee, S. Cha
Solar PV can cover applications that consume high power to applications that consume low power. And with diversification of applications under urban environment, it is changing the point of view of one-size-one-fits based on watt-per-cost concepts to customization-fits with energy-yield-per-watt. With this view point, to integrated PV to application like BIPV, VIPV and device-integrated PV a flexible and foldable solar cell has been on the rise as one way for a system. Accord with flexible solar cell, additional functions of light weight, stretchability and low cost are attracting attention, and durability as well. For these demands, we have proposed Lego®-style assembly module that shows high photovoltaic performance according to modulization without any degradation with average 20% energy conversion efficiency. And it has great durability under compression stress of 5000N, and maintain the photovoltaic performance under high temperature and humidity environment for 500 hours. In addition, application to BIPV, VIPV or device-integrated PV requires installation on arbitrary surface, deformation on 3-D structure, having freedom of design and aesthetic effect, Lego®-style assembly module is suitable on these demands.
{"title":"Highly Stretchable, Durable and Lightweight Lego®-style 3-Dimensional Photovoltaic","authors":"M. Yun, Yeon Hyang Sim, D. Y. Lee, S. Cha","doi":"10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938755","url":null,"abstract":"Solar PV can cover applications that consume high power to applications that consume low power. And with diversification of applications under urban environment, it is changing the point of view of one-size-one-fits based on watt-per-cost concepts to customization-fits with energy-yield-per-watt. With this view point, to integrated PV to application like BIPV, VIPV and device-integrated PV a flexible and foldable solar cell has been on the rise as one way for a system. Accord with flexible solar cell, additional functions of light weight, stretchability and low cost are attracting attention, and durability as well. For these demands, we have proposed Lego®-style assembly module that shows high photovoltaic performance according to modulization without any degradation with average 20% energy conversion efficiency. And it has great durability under compression stress of 5000N, and maintain the photovoltaic performance under high temperature and humidity environment for 500 hours. In addition, application to BIPV, VIPV or device-integrated PV requires installation on arbitrary surface, deformation on 3-D structure, having freedom of design and aesthetic effect, Lego®-style assembly module is suitable on these demands.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133810987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938785
Lara Barros Reboucas, G. Bauhuis, Jens Olhmann, Jeroen Maasen, E. Vlieg, J. Schermer
Combining epitaxial lift-off with a dielectric-metal back mirror boosts III-V solar cells efficiencies without sacrificing the costly growth wafer. In this work, GaAs and GaInP/GaInAs solar cells are produced with a patterned $mathbf{MgF}_{2}/mathbf{Ag}$ mirror. The sub-bandgap reflectance increases by 3.0% and 2.6%, respectively, compared to the devices with a full Ag back mirror. Initial results indicate that, during operation, the temperature-induced open-circuit voltage degradation decreases due to the enhanced reflection of unused near-infrared photons.
{"title":"Thin-film Solar Cells with MgF2/Ag back mirror patterning for improved near-IR reflectance","authors":"Lara Barros Reboucas, G. Bauhuis, Jens Olhmann, Jeroen Maasen, E. Vlieg, J. Schermer","doi":"10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938785","url":null,"abstract":"Combining epitaxial lift-off with a dielectric-metal back mirror boosts III-V solar cells efficiencies without sacrificing the costly growth wafer. In this work, GaAs and GaInP/GaInAs solar cells are produced with a patterned $mathbf{MgF}_{2}/mathbf{Ag}$ mirror. The sub-bandgap reflectance increases by 3.0% and 2.6%, respectively, compared to the devices with a full Ag back mirror. Initial results indicate that, during operation, the temperature-induced open-circuit voltage degradation decreases due to the enhanced reflection of unused near-infrared photons.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115705490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938544
Suman Rijal, Zhaoning Song, Dengbing Li, J. Chung, S. Bista, Dipendra Pokhrel, Sabin Neupane, R. Ellingson, Yanfa Yan
In this work, we fabricate antimony selenosulfide (Sb2(S, Se)3) thin film solar cells by a hydrothermal method followed by a post-deposition annealing process at different temperatures. The effects of the annealing temperature on the morphological and structural properties of the Sb2(S, Se)3 films are systematically investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. We find that a proper annealing temperature leads to a high-quality Sb2(S, Se)3 film with large crystal grains, proper stoichiometry, and high crystallinity. After optimizing the process, we obtained Sb2(S, Se)3 solar cells with an improved power conversion efficiency from 2.04 to 8.48%.
{"title":"Post-annealing Treatment on Hydrothermally Grown Sb2(S, Se)3 Thin Films for Efficient Solar Cells","authors":"Suman Rijal, Zhaoning Song, Dengbing Li, J. Chung, S. Bista, Dipendra Pokhrel, Sabin Neupane, R. Ellingson, Yanfa Yan","doi":"10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938544","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we fabricate antimony selenosulfide (Sb2(S, Se)3) thin film solar cells by a hydrothermal method followed by a post-deposition annealing process at different temperatures. The effects of the annealing temperature on the morphological and structural properties of the Sb2(S, Se)3 films are systematically investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. We find that a proper annealing temperature leads to a high-quality Sb2(S, Se)3 film with large crystal grains, proper stoichiometry, and high crystallinity. After optimizing the process, we obtained Sb2(S, Se)3 solar cells with an improved power conversion efficiency from 2.04 to 8.48%.","PeriodicalId":435386,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115811012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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