Roya Mehdikhani, G. Olyaei, M. Hadian, Saeed Talebian Moghadam, S. Azadeh
Objectives: The purpose of this work was to explore cervical position sense and electromyographic (EMG) responses of cervical muscles during head repositioning movements in students with and without upper trapezius muscle trigger points. Materials and Methods: Forty-six right-handed men and women subjects without upper extremity disorders participated in this study. The maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) was measured three time before the fatigue test. A force gauge was used to measure force while recording with a monitor. Measurement was initiated with a MVC force before and after fatigue pain and head positioning were measured. When the protocol was accomplished, the subjects showed signs of exhaustion; however, they were not subjectively evaluated for fatigue. As the protocol aimed at assessing muscle fatigue, a force level of 80% MVC was induced. Results: These findings support the argument that the precision of the neck position sense can be reduced by the fatigue of the neck muscle. Fatigue impaired balance in the trapezius muscles. After removing vision this resulted in an increased center of pressure excursions on a force platform. Motor control did not change significantly in this study. Conclusions: Fatigue had a more significant effect on cervical kinematics in the healthy subjects, probably due to the fact that altered neck motor control in volunteers implied that these individuals were not completely able to make up for fatigue of the neck muscle. Significant pain and head positioning changes were identified following fatigue applied to the pre-determined myofascial trigger points, but the changes were insignificant in the sham control group.
{"title":"Effect of Muscle Fatigue on the Upper Trapezius Muscle With and Without Myofascial Trigger Points in Students With Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial","authors":"Roya Mehdikhani, G. Olyaei, M. Hadian, Saeed Talebian Moghadam, S. Azadeh","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2023.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2023.06","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The purpose of this work was to explore cervical position sense and electromyographic (EMG) responses of cervical muscles during head repositioning movements in students with and without upper trapezius muscle trigger points. Materials and Methods: Forty-six right-handed men and women subjects without upper extremity disorders participated in this study. The maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) was measured three time before the fatigue test. A force gauge was used to measure force while recording with a monitor. Measurement was initiated with a MVC force before and after fatigue pain and head positioning were measured. When the protocol was accomplished, the subjects showed signs of exhaustion; however, they were not subjectively evaluated for fatigue. As the protocol aimed at assessing muscle fatigue, a force level of 80% MVC was induced. Results: These findings support the argument that the precision of the neck position sense can be reduced by the fatigue of the neck muscle. Fatigue impaired balance in the trapezius muscles. After removing vision this resulted in an increased center of pressure excursions on a force platform. Motor control did not change significantly in this study. Conclusions: Fatigue had a more significant effect on cervical kinematics in the healthy subjects, probably due to the fact that altered neck motor control in volunteers implied that these individuals were not completely able to make up for fatigue of the neck muscle. Significant pain and head positioning changes were identified following fatigue applied to the pre-determined myofascial trigger points, but the changes were insignificant in the sham control group.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43975882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saeed Joudikhajeh, B. Sepehri, Robab Mehdizadeh Esfanjani, H. Rezaeizadeh, Yunes Ranjbar, Mostafa Araj-khodaei
Objectives: Functional constipation (FC), or chronic idiopathic constipation, is one of the most common chronic disorders with no specific cause. Although FC is not associated with the progress of severe disease or additional mortality, it significantly decreases the patients’ quality of life. While several medications are available to treat constipation, there is no adequate treatment response in most cases. Herbal remedies are one of the most widely used options for FC. Materials and Methods: In this double-blind controlled trial, all patients, researchers, and analysts were unaware of the ingredients contained in the drugs, as well as the assigned groups. We recruited a total of 90 elderly patients diagnosed with FC according to the Rome IV diagnostic criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Patients were divided into two equal groups (n=45 in each) receiving fig-walnut syrup and lactulose syrup. Then, CBC-FBS-TSH-CR-NA-K-CA tests were taken from all patients, and the developed syrups (walnut-fig or lactulose) were prescribed to patients (15 cc half an hour before bedtime). Results: While 43 (95.6%) patients responded to treatment in the intervention group, 41 (91.1%) patients responded to treatment in the conventional treatment group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of response to treatment (P = 0.677). Conclusions: The results showed that the oral syrups developed in this study improved FC in the elderly and had no side effects.
{"title":"Evaluating Walnut-Fig Syrup as an Innovative Herbal Medicine for Functional Constipation in the Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial","authors":"Saeed Joudikhajeh, B. Sepehri, Robab Mehdizadeh Esfanjani, H. Rezaeizadeh, Yunes Ranjbar, Mostafa Araj-khodaei","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.32","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Functional constipation (FC), or chronic idiopathic constipation, is one of the most common chronic disorders with no specific cause. Although FC is not associated with the progress of severe disease or additional mortality, it significantly decreases the patients’ quality of life. While several medications are available to treat constipation, there is no adequate treatment response in most cases. Herbal remedies are one of the most widely used options for FC. Materials and Methods: In this double-blind controlled trial, all patients, researchers, and analysts were unaware of the ingredients contained in the drugs, as well as the assigned groups. We recruited a total of 90 elderly patients diagnosed with FC according to the Rome IV diagnostic criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Patients were divided into two equal groups (n=45 in each) receiving fig-walnut syrup and lactulose syrup. Then, CBC-FBS-TSH-CR-NA-K-CA tests were taken from all patients, and the developed syrups (walnut-fig or lactulose) were prescribed to patients (15 cc half an hour before bedtime). Results: While 43 (95.6%) patients responded to treatment in the intervention group, 41 (91.1%) patients responded to treatment in the conventional treatment group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of response to treatment (P = 0.677). Conclusions: The results showed that the oral syrups developed in this study improved FC in the elderly and had no side effects.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48582402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marzieh Bagherinia, M. Dolatian, Zoherh Mahmoodi, G. Ozgoli, H. Alavi Majd
Objectives: Quality of sexual life can be influenced by cultural and social contexts. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between structural determinants of health (such as education, income level, job, culture, and ethnicity) and quality of sexual life in women. Methods: In this systematic review, we searched six databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed/Medline (NLM), Cochrane, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to obtain all the related observational studies (cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control). Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), the risk of bias in most of the included studies was fair. According to the results, the relationship between education level and quality of sexual life among women was significant in four studies. Also, in one study, job and income level were significantly correlated with women’s quality of sexual life. Conclusions: Based on the results, structural determinants of health, including education, job, and income level were significantly related with women’s quality of sexual life.
目的:性生活的质量会受到文化和社会背景的影响。这项研究旨在调查妇女健康的结构性决定因素(如教育、收入水平、工作、文化和种族)与性生活质量之间的关系。方法:在本系统综述中，我们检索了Web of Science、Scopus、ProQuest、PubMed/Medline (NLM)、Cochrane、Embase和Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Central)等6个数据库，获取所有相关的观察性研究(横断面、队列和病例对照)。结果:9项研究符合纳入标准。根据纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(NOS)，大多数纳入研究的偏倚风险是公平的。结果显示，在四项研究中，受教育程度与女性性生活质量的关系显著。此外，在一项研究中，工作和收入水平与女性的性生活质量显著相关。结论:基于研究结果，健康的结构性决定因素，包括教育、工作和收入水平与女性性生活质量显著相关。
{"title":"Evaluating the Relationship Between Structural Determinants of Health and Quality of Sexual Life in Women: A Systematic Review","authors":"Marzieh Bagherinia, M. Dolatian, Zoherh Mahmoodi, G. Ozgoli, H. Alavi Majd","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.30","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Quality of sexual life can be influenced by cultural and social contexts. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between structural determinants of health (such as education, income level, job, culture, and ethnicity) and quality of sexual life in women. Methods: In this systematic review, we searched six databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed/Medline (NLM), Cochrane, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to obtain all the related observational studies (cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control). Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), the risk of bias in most of the included studies was fair. According to the results, the relationship between education level and quality of sexual life among women was significant in four studies. Also, in one study, job and income level were significantly correlated with women’s quality of sexual life. Conclusions: Based on the results, structural determinants of health, including education, job, and income level were significantly related with women’s quality of sexual life.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43516069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: In this research, we evaluated the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of Galega officinalis and Cornus mas on spermatogenesis and oxidative stress associated with diabetes in the testes of adult rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, a total of 64 adult male Wistar rats were divided into eight equal groups (n=8 in each) as follows: (1) control group, (2) diabetic control group, (3) diabetic group receiving Galega extract daily at a dose of 50 mg/kg, (4) healthy group receiving Galega extract daily at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 14 days, (5) diabetic group receiving Cornus mas extract daily at a dose of 100 mg/kg, (6) healthy group receiving Cornus mas extract daily, (7) diabetic group receiving Cornus mas and Galega daily, and (8) healthy group receiving Galega and Cornus mas extract daily. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). At the end of treatment period, all animals were anesthetized and blood samples were taken to measure the serum levels of insulin, glucose, and oxidative stress markers. Finally, the testicles and epididymis were removed and sperm parameters were assessed. Results: Galega and Cornus mas extract significantly reduced the oxidative stress, sperm parameters, glucose, and insulin plasma levels (P=0.001). Furthermore, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level was increased in diabetic rats. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes decreased in testicular tissue (P=0.001). Administering Galega and Cornus mas extract significantly improved these parameters (P<0.05). Conclusions: Our results confirmed the antioxidant effect of administering Galega extract and Cornus mas extract on improving the sperm parameters and testicular oxidative damage caused by diabetes.
{"title":"Protective Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Galega officinalis and Cornus mas on Spermatogenesis and Oxidative Stress Associated With Diabetes in the Testes of Adult Rats: An Experimental Study","authors":"E. Sanati, Iraj Posti, H. Gilanpour, S. Hesaraki","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2023.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2023.07","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: In this research, we evaluated the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of Galega officinalis and Cornus mas on spermatogenesis and oxidative stress associated with diabetes in the testes of adult rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, a total of 64 adult male Wistar rats were divided into eight equal groups (n=8 in each) as follows: (1) control group, (2) diabetic control group, (3) diabetic group receiving Galega extract daily at a dose of 50 mg/kg, (4) healthy group receiving Galega extract daily at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 14 days, (5) diabetic group receiving Cornus mas extract daily at a dose of 100 mg/kg, (6) healthy group receiving Cornus mas extract daily, (7) diabetic group receiving Cornus mas and Galega daily, and (8) healthy group receiving Galega and Cornus mas extract daily. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). At the end of treatment period, all animals were anesthetized and blood samples were taken to measure the serum levels of insulin, glucose, and oxidative stress markers. Finally, the testicles and epididymis were removed and sperm parameters were assessed. Results: Galega and Cornus mas extract significantly reduced the oxidative stress, sperm parameters, glucose, and insulin plasma levels (P=0.001). Furthermore, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level was increased in diabetic rats. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes decreased in testicular tissue (P=0.001). Administering Galega and Cornus mas extract significantly improved these parameters (P<0.05). Conclusions: Our results confirmed the antioxidant effect of administering Galega extract and Cornus mas extract on improving the sperm parameters and testicular oxidative damage caused by diabetes.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48803389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shahrzad Sanjari, Mohammad Reza Mohammidi Soleimani, A. Keramat
Objectives: According to the evidence, 35% of women have experienced sexual violence worldwide. This study aimed to develop and validate an electronic scale for sexual violence experiences (SVE) in Iranian women. Materials and Methods: In this mixed-method study, we conducted an item pool by reviewing the existing sexual violence scales in the literature and sent the items to the expert team for initial consensus. Then, we measured the validity and reliability of the developed scale. The samples included 808 women (age range: 15-45 years) in Kerman province from October to December 2020. Results: The final scale consisted of 43 items. Face validity was achieved by applying the views of the target community. The content validity results were acceptable. The correlation coefficient between the Sexual Experience Questionnaire (SEQ) and the Domestic Violence Questionnaire (DVQ) with the SVE was 0.68 and 0.51, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (χ2 =27973.72, df=903, and P=0.001) identified eight factors. The results also showed good reliability (Cronbach’s alpha=0.9, Pearson’s correlation r=0.9, P=0.001). Conclusions: Since the SVE had good validity and reliability, the scale can be regarded as a suitable tool for measuring sexual violence among Iranian women.
{"title":"Development and Validation of an Electronic Scale for Sexual Violence Experiences in Iranian Women","authors":"Shahrzad Sanjari, Mohammad Reza Mohammidi Soleimani, A. Keramat","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2023.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2023.05","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: According to the evidence, 35% of women have experienced sexual violence worldwide. This study aimed to develop and validate an electronic scale for sexual violence experiences (SVE) in Iranian women. Materials and Methods: In this mixed-method study, we conducted an item pool by reviewing the existing sexual violence scales in the literature and sent the items to the expert team for initial consensus. Then, we measured the validity and reliability of the developed scale. The samples included 808 women (age range: 15-45 years) in Kerman province from October to December 2020. Results: The final scale consisted of 43 items. Face validity was achieved by applying the views of the target community. The content validity results were acceptable. The correlation coefficient between the Sexual Experience Questionnaire (SEQ) and the Domestic Violence Questionnaire (DVQ) with the SVE was 0.68 and 0.51, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (χ2 =27973.72, df=903, and P=0.001) identified eight factors. The results also showed good reliability (Cronbach’s alpha=0.9, Pearson’s correlation r=0.9, P=0.001). Conclusions: Since the SVE had good validity and reliability, the scale can be regarded as a suitable tool for measuring sexual violence among Iranian women.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48641347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a heterogeneous disorder with immune pathophysiology affecting quality of life (QOL) and productivity at work or education. This study aimed to evaluate the association between macro- and micro-nutrient intakes with QOL in AR patients. Materials and Methods: Using convenience sampling method, this cross-sectional study included 60 AR patients in the age range of 15-60 years referred to the Allergy Clinic of Mohammad Kermanshashi hospital, Kermanshash, Iran from March to December 2018. Data including body composition, QOL, and nutritional status were collected. Independent t test, chi-square, and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis. Results: According to the results of Spearman test, while cholesterol intake level was directly associated with low QOL (P = 0.049, r=0.283), dietary zinc intake had a negative correlation with low QOL (P = 0.045, r=-0.262). However, there were no significant associations between other macro- and micro-nutrient intakes and QOL in patients. Conclusions: In this study, higher intake of cholesterol, unlike zinc, had a negative effect on QOL in AR patients.
{"title":"Association Between Nutritional Status and Quality of Life in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis","authors":"Elham Bagherinia, Marzieh Bagherinia, Firoozeh Khamoushi, A. Davoodi, Seyed Hamidreza Mortazavi","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.35","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a heterogeneous disorder with immune pathophysiology affecting quality of life (QOL) and productivity at work or education. This study aimed to evaluate the association between macro- and micro-nutrient intakes with QOL in AR patients. Materials and Methods: Using convenience sampling method, this cross-sectional study included 60 AR patients in the age range of 15-60 years referred to the Allergy Clinic of Mohammad Kermanshashi hospital, Kermanshash, Iran from March to December 2018. Data including body composition, QOL, and nutritional status were collected. Independent t test, chi-square, and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis. Results: According to the results of Spearman test, while cholesterol intake level was directly associated with low QOL (P = 0.049, r=0.283), dietary zinc intake had a negative correlation with low QOL (P = 0.045, r=-0.262). However, there were no significant associations between other macro- and micro-nutrient intakes and QOL in patients. Conclusions: In this study, higher intake of cholesterol, unlike zinc, had a negative effect on QOL in AR patients.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43924655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bahram Naderi Nabi, Soudabeh Haddadi, F. Farzi, S. Ghazanfar Tehran, Gelareh Biazar, Yasmin Chaibakhsh, Zahra Atrkarroushan, M. Habibi, Seyed Sepehr Khatami
Objectives: Traditional guidelines for preoperative fasting (POF) time lead to several complications in surgery patients. However, not enough attention has been paid to the issue. This aimed of this study was to investigate the management of fasting times in Guilan academic hospitals. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, individuals from five academic referral centers enrolled the survey and questionnaires including demographic characteristics, fasting hours for liquids and solids, POF recommenders, and patient’s knowledge regarding the definition of clear liquids were completed. Results: A total of 390 individuals candidate for elective surgeries enrolled in the study, the mean age of our cases were 46.61 years. The average POF time for solids and liquids was 11.43 and 9.70 hours, respectively. 95.38% of the participants did not know a correct definition of clear liquids, which was not related to their level of education (P=0.314). A positive association was observed between age and POF times for liquids and American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification for both solids (P=0.010) and liquids (P=0.0001). Conclusions: It was found that the real POF time in our hospitals was significantly longer than the modern guidelines, and needs to be corrected.
{"title":"Actual Preoperative Fasting Time; A Report From Guilan Academic Hospitals: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Bahram Naderi Nabi, Soudabeh Haddadi, F. Farzi, S. Ghazanfar Tehran, Gelareh Biazar, Yasmin Chaibakhsh, Zahra Atrkarroushan, M. Habibi, Seyed Sepehr Khatami","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2023.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2023.19","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Traditional guidelines for preoperative fasting (POF) time lead to several complications in surgery patients. However, not enough attention has been paid to the issue. This aimed of this study was to investigate the management of fasting times in Guilan academic hospitals. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, individuals from five academic referral centers enrolled the survey and questionnaires including demographic characteristics, fasting hours for liquids and solids, POF recommenders, and patient’s knowledge regarding the definition of clear liquids were completed. Results: A total of 390 individuals candidate for elective surgeries enrolled in the study, the mean age of our cases were 46.61 years. The average POF time for solids and liquids was 11.43 and 9.70 hours, respectively. 95.38% of the participants did not know a correct definition of clear liquids, which was not related to their level of education (P=0.314). A positive association was observed between age and POF times for liquids and American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification for both solids (P=0.010) and liquids (P=0.0001). Conclusions: It was found that the real POF time in our hospitals was significantly longer than the modern guidelines, and needs to be corrected.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45481770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hami, A. Veshkini, A. Jahandideh, Siamak Mashhadi Rafiee, P. Mortazavi
Objectives: Castration is one of the most common methods of contraception in animals. This method can prevent animals from contracting various diseases, such as testicular tumors, and prevent the overgrowth of animal populations. Materials and Methods: In this experiment, 10 adult and clinically healthy male Wistar rats weighing approximately 250-200 g were divided into two equal groups of control and treatment (n=5 in each). In the control group, normal saline and in the treatment group, 20% calcium chloride was injected into the testicular tissue. Blood samples were taken at the beginning and end of the experiment (day 21) and the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and testosterone levels were measured. Then, the tissue samples of testis were evaluated on days 7, 14, and 21. Results: On day 21, SOD and GPx enzymes significantly increased in the treatment group compared to day zero (P=0.01). However, calcium chloride injection reduced the mean testosterone levels on day 21 compared to day zero (P=0.06). Meanwhile, the mean number of sperms in the right testis of treated mice significantly decreased (P=0.03). Seminiferous tubule necrosis significantly increased on day 7, neutrophil infiltration significantly increased on days 7 and 14, and calcification significantly increased on days 7 and 21 (P<0.01). Conclusions: Although chemical sterilization using 20% calcium chloride can lead to testicular degeneration, it is not a recommended method because it does not reduce testosterone and activates oxidative stress biomarkers. However, the negative effects might be eliminated in future studies using some substances such as tannic acid.
{"title":"Evaluation of Testosterone, Blood Antioxidants, and Histopathological Changes Following Chemical Castration With Calcium Chloride in Rats","authors":"M. Hami, A. Veshkini, A. Jahandideh, Siamak Mashhadi Rafiee, P. Mortazavi","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.34","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Castration is one of the most common methods of contraception in animals. This method can prevent animals from contracting various diseases, such as testicular tumors, and prevent the overgrowth of animal populations. Materials and Methods: In this experiment, 10 adult and clinically healthy male Wistar rats weighing approximately 250-200 g were divided into two equal groups of control and treatment (n=5 in each). In the control group, normal saline and in the treatment group, 20% calcium chloride was injected into the testicular tissue. Blood samples were taken at the beginning and end of the experiment (day 21) and the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and testosterone levels were measured. Then, the tissue samples of testis were evaluated on days 7, 14, and 21. Results: On day 21, SOD and GPx enzymes significantly increased in the treatment group compared to day zero (P=0.01). However, calcium chloride injection reduced the mean testosterone levels on day 21 compared to day zero (P=0.06). Meanwhile, the mean number of sperms in the right testis of treated mice significantly decreased (P=0.03). Seminiferous tubule necrosis significantly increased on day 7, neutrophil infiltration significantly increased on days 7 and 14, and calcification significantly increased on days 7 and 21 (P<0.01). Conclusions: Although chemical sterilization using 20% calcium chloride can lead to testicular degeneration, it is not a recommended method because it does not reduce testosterone and activates oxidative stress biomarkers. However, the negative effects might be eliminated in future studies using some substances such as tannic acid.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41452393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Hypovitaminosis D is suggested to be related to the high risk of metabolic disorders and symptoms of schizophrenia. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardio-metabolic indices and the severity of symptoms in schizophrenic patients. Materials and Methods: Patients with schizophrenia (N=42) were randomly assigned to 2 groups, i.e., intervention (2000 IU of vitamin D daily; n=21) and placebo groups (n=21). The intervention was administered for 8 weeks. Anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory measures were assessed at both baseline and end of the trial. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was performed to assess the schizophrenia symptoms. Results: Vitamin D supplementation leads to a significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (P=0.006). In addition, a significant improvement was found in the PANSS negative subscale score (PANSS-NSS) and PANSS total score (PANSS-TS; P=0.005 and P=0.015, respectively). At the baseline, there was a significant negative correlation between PANSS-NSS, PANSS positive subscale score (PANSS-PSS), and PANSS-TS with serum levels of vitamin D (r=-0.42, P=0.010; r=-0.34, P=0.041; and r=-0.47, P=0.004, respectively). Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation may have helpful efficacy on some cardio-metabolic indices and schizophrenia severity.
{"title":"Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Indices and the Severity of Symptoms in Male Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia","authors":"Parinaz Kalejahi, S. Kheirouri, S. Noorazar","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2023.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2023.21","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Hypovitaminosis D is suggested to be related to the high risk of metabolic disorders and symptoms of schizophrenia. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardio-metabolic indices and the severity of symptoms in schizophrenic patients. Materials and Methods: Patients with schizophrenia (N=42) were randomly assigned to 2 groups, i.e., intervention (2000 IU of vitamin D daily; n=21) and placebo groups (n=21). The intervention was administered for 8 weeks. Anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory measures were assessed at both baseline and end of the trial. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was performed to assess the schizophrenia symptoms. Results: Vitamin D supplementation leads to a significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (P=0.006). In addition, a significant improvement was found in the PANSS negative subscale score (PANSS-NSS) and PANSS total score (PANSS-TS; P=0.005 and P=0.015, respectively). At the baseline, there was a significant negative correlation between PANSS-NSS, PANSS positive subscale score (PANSS-PSS), and PANSS-TS with serum levels of vitamin D (r=-0.42, P=0.010; r=-0.34, P=0.041; and r=-0.47, P=0.004, respectively). Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation may have helpful efficacy on some cardio-metabolic indices and schizophrenia severity.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42588275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diagnosing recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is difficult for many infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Over the years, its definition has changed several times. European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) Consortium defined repeated implantation failure as “>3 embryo transfers with high quality embryos or the transfer of ≥10 embryos in multiple transfers; exact numbers to be determined by each centre” in the year of 2005, when transferring multiple embryos was common (1). In a review by Coughlan et al in 2014, RIF has been proposed to be defined as “the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after transfer of at least 4 good-quality embryos in a minimum of three fresh or frozen cycles in a woman under the age of 40 years” (2). A variety of other definitions of RIF based on clinical rather than scientific judgement and generally referring to two to three failed cycles in goodprognosis women have also been used so far (3). Recently, some novel definitions were proposed because of the shortcomings of the available ones (4-6). They all guided their diagnostic criteria by statistical considerations rather than the clinical judgements or demands of the patients (7). The probability model of Somigliana et al was based on the chances of success per cycle and defined RIF by three failed attempts including three oocyte retrievals and all subsequent transfers in women younger than 40 years of age (6). Rozen and colleagues’ complex individualized diagnostic method suggested to consider multiple factors with the inclusion of the woman’s age, the number, stage and quality of embryos transferred previously, the cycle types, etc. (5). The other complex model by Ata et al also proposed an individualized model which was mainly based on the euploidy rates anticipated for the female age ranges (4). As a result, we may conclude that a widely adopted rational definition of RIF is not yet available and the efforts to provide such a definition is still on progress. We are looking forward to seeing whether the recently suggested definitions of RIF will be accepted by the scientific community and the patients or not. Mertihan Kurdoğlu* ID Open Access Editorial
{"title":"Recurrent Implantation Failure: Is It Time to Redefine It?","authors":"M. Kurdoğlu","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.22","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnosing recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is difficult for many infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Over the years, its definition has changed several times. European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) Consortium defined repeated implantation failure as “>3 embryo transfers with high quality embryos or the transfer of ≥10 embryos in multiple transfers; exact numbers to be determined by each centre” in the year of 2005, when transferring multiple embryos was common (1). In a review by Coughlan et al in 2014, RIF has been proposed to be defined as “the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after transfer of at least 4 good-quality embryos in a minimum of three fresh or frozen cycles in a woman under the age of 40 years” (2). A variety of other definitions of RIF based on clinical rather than scientific judgement and generally referring to two to three failed cycles in goodprognosis women have also been used so far (3). Recently, some novel definitions were proposed because of the shortcomings of the available ones (4-6). They all guided their diagnostic criteria by statistical considerations rather than the clinical judgements or demands of the patients (7). The probability model of Somigliana et al was based on the chances of success per cycle and defined RIF by three failed attempts including three oocyte retrievals and all subsequent transfers in women younger than 40 years of age (6). Rozen and colleagues’ complex individualized diagnostic method suggested to consider multiple factors with the inclusion of the woman’s age, the number, stage and quality of embryos transferred previously, the cycle types, etc. (5). The other complex model by Ata et al also proposed an individualized model which was mainly based on the euploidy rates anticipated for the female age ranges (4). As a result, we may conclude that a widely adopted rational definition of RIF is not yet available and the efforts to provide such a definition is still on progress. We are looking forward to seeing whether the recently suggested definitions of RIF will be accepted by the scientific community and the patients or not. Mertihan Kurdoğlu* ID Open Access Editorial","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44038464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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