Objectives: Acroptilon repens (L.) DC is an Asian native plant belongs to the Asteraceae family. It has been cultivated the United States and Canada in recent years. This study investigated the effects of antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and cytotoxicity of A. repens ethanolic extract and its components. Materials and Methods: We used disk diffusion and well diffusion strategies to screen antimicrobial activity of A. repens against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Then, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of extract and fractions were determined by the small dilution broth methodology for S. aureus and S. epidermidis. The impact of extract and fractions on biofilm formation was evaluated by microtiter plate assay The MTT assay determined the toxicity effect of samples on Vero cells. The results are expressed because of the viability. Results: Results showed that A. repens extract and fragments inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria. The ethanolic extract and its fractions showed stronger inhibition zones for S. aureus and S. epidermidis. According to the antibiofilm test, the ethanolic extract and water fraction of A. repens have the highest antibiofilm effect on S. aureus and S. epidermidis. The value of LC50 (50% mortality) in MTT assay results was 30, 60, 30, and 2/5 mg/mL for ethanolic extract, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water fractions of A. repens, respectively. Conclusions: Extract of A. repens and its fractions have an antibacterial and antibiofilm effect on S. aureus and S. epidermidis without significant cytotoxic effect.
{"title":"Biological and Antibacterial Features of Acroptilon repens (L.) DC","authors":"Zahra Akhgari, A. Tanomand, R. Nazari, M. Zargar","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.20","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Acroptilon repens (L.) DC is an Asian native plant belongs to the Asteraceae family. It has been cultivated the United States and Canada in recent years. This study investigated the effects of antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and cytotoxicity of A. repens ethanolic extract and its components. Materials and Methods: We used disk diffusion and well diffusion strategies to screen antimicrobial activity of A. repens against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Then, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of extract and fractions were determined by the small dilution broth methodology for S. aureus and S. epidermidis. The impact of extract and fractions on biofilm formation was evaluated by microtiter plate assay The MTT assay determined the toxicity effect of samples on Vero cells. The results are expressed because of the viability. Results: Results showed that A. repens extract and fragments inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria. The ethanolic extract and its fractions showed stronger inhibition zones for S. aureus and S. epidermidis. According to the antibiofilm test, the ethanolic extract and water fraction of A. repens have the highest antibiofilm effect on S. aureus and S. epidermidis. The value of LC50 (50% mortality) in MTT assay results was 30, 60, 30, and 2/5 mg/mL for ethanolic extract, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water fractions of A. repens, respectively. Conclusions: Extract of A. repens and its fractions have an antibacterial and antibiofilm effect on S. aureus and S. epidermidis without significant cytotoxic effect.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69814387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Female fertility may be affected by vaginal, endometrial, tubal, or ovarian factors. Ozone therapy is emerging as a potential therapeutic adjunct to improve reproductive health of women. Ozone may achieve this by decreasing reactive oxygen species, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α) while increasing glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and antibacterial activity with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects (1). In the literature, most of the data on the potential role of ozone in female reproduction belongs to the veterinary medicine or experimental animal studies and very few of the researches has been conducted on humans. On infertile women with inflammatory etiology, ozone therapy had a potential to improve fertility by treating genital inflammatory diseases (1). Preventive intrauterine application of ozone (especially in the foaming spray form) during the early puerperal period has been associated with better reproductive potential in dairy cows with a possible mechanism of diminished inflammation leading to a healthier endometrial environment (2). In a human study, ozone therapy has been suggested as a potential therapeutic agent for women with tubal infertility (3). It was shown to be beneficial in the treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease by alleviating the inflammatory reactions and inhibiting endometrial epithelial cell necrosis in female rats (4). Ozone was found to be very useful in the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion related injury in the ovarian tissue and therefore, it might offer an ovary-sparing approach to ovarian torsion (5). In an experimental rat model, postoperative uterine adhesions could be attenuated with altered oxidative state and modulated TNF-α levels by ozone therapy (6). The observations by De Simone et al showed that the oxygenozone therapy may be used as an adjuvant to in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment (7). As a result, ozone therapy might decrease vaginitis and pelvic adhesions, protect ovarian and endometrial tissues, and shorten time to conception, all of which may lead to Mertihan Kurdoğlu* ID Open Access Editorial
{"title":"Can We Benefit From Ozone to Improve Female Reproductive Health?","authors":"M. Kurdoğlu","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"Female fertility may be affected by vaginal, endometrial, tubal, or ovarian factors. Ozone therapy is emerging as a potential therapeutic adjunct to improve reproductive health of women. Ozone may achieve this by decreasing reactive oxygen species, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α) while increasing glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and antibacterial activity with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects (1). In the literature, most of the data on the potential role of ozone in female reproduction belongs to the veterinary medicine or experimental animal studies and very few of the researches has been conducted on humans. On infertile women with inflammatory etiology, ozone therapy had a potential to improve fertility by treating genital inflammatory diseases (1). Preventive intrauterine application of ozone (especially in the foaming spray form) during the early puerperal period has been associated with better reproductive potential in dairy cows with a possible mechanism of diminished inflammation leading to a healthier endometrial environment (2). In a human study, ozone therapy has been suggested as a potential therapeutic agent for women with tubal infertility (3). It was shown to be beneficial in the treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease by alleviating the inflammatory reactions and inhibiting endometrial epithelial cell necrosis in female rats (4). Ozone was found to be very useful in the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion related injury in the ovarian tissue and therefore, it might offer an ovary-sparing approach to ovarian torsion (5). In an experimental rat model, postoperative uterine adhesions could be attenuated with altered oxidative state and modulated TNF-α levels by ozone therapy (6). The observations by De Simone et al showed that the oxygenozone therapy may be used as an adjuvant to in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment (7). As a result, ozone therapy might decrease vaginitis and pelvic adhesions, protect ovarian and endometrial tissues, and shorten time to conception, all of which may lead to Mertihan Kurdoğlu* ID Open Access Editorial","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48602473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kamaleddin Hassanzadeh-Nokashti, Javad Ahmadian-Herisi, Parisa Yavarikiai, A. Farshbaf‐Khalili, N. Ghassab-Abdollahi, P. Ghahremaninasab
Objectives: Physical activity and nutrition can affect some serum markers associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to ascertain the prevalence and predictors of MetS among middle-aged women in this study. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed on 164 eligible middle-aged women. Sampling was performed by two-stage cluster random sampling among all the health care centers in Kamyaran, Iran. Data were collected through anthropometrics, Food Records, and International Physical Activity Questionnaires. Serum lipid profile and glycemic control indexes, calcium, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 were assayed. Blood pressure was measured. The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria were used to detection of MetS. Results: Forty-one women (25.0%; 95% CI: 18.4% to 31.6%) had MetS. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.020; 95% CI: 1.001 to 1.039), triglyceride (aOR: 1.024; 95% CI: 1.015-1.033), low physical activity: walking (aOR: 0.999; 95% CI: 0.998 0.999), dietary iron (aOR: 1.059; 95% CI: 0.989- 1.134) and waist circumference (aOR: 1.062: 95% CI; 1.020 1.105) have been detected as the MetS predictors in this study. Conclusions: Higher serum levels of FBS and triglyceride, higher iron intake and waist circumference, and low physical activity enhanced the chance of getting MetS.
目的：体育活动和营养会影响一些与代谢综合征（MetS）相关的血清标志物。在这项研究中，我们的目的是确定中年妇女中代谢综合征的患病率和预测因素。材料和方法：这项横断面描述性分析研究对164名符合条件的中年妇女进行。在伊朗Kamyaran的所有医疗保健中心中，通过两阶段整群随机抽样进行抽样。数据是通过人体测量、食物记录和国际体育活动问卷收集的。测定血脂和血糖控制指数、钙和25-羟基维生素D3。测量血压。国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗小组III（NCEP ATP III）标准用于检测代谢综合征。结果：41名女性（25.0%；95%CI:18.4%-31.6%）患有MetS。空腹血糖（FBS）（调整比值比（aOR）：0.020；95%可信区间：1.001至1.039）、甘油三酯（aOR:1.024；95%可信区间1.015-1.033）、低体力活动：步行（aOR:0.999；95%置信区间0.998 0.999）、膳食铁（aOR:10.59；95%可信范围0.989至1.134）和腰围（aOR=1.062:95%可信区间1.020 1.105）已被检测为本研究中的MetS预测因素。结论：较高的血清FBS和甘油三酯水平、较高的铁摄入量和腰围以及较低的体力活动增加了患MetS的机会。
{"title":"The Investigation of Metabolic Syndrome Among Middle-Aged Women, Kamyaran, Iran: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Kamaleddin Hassanzadeh-Nokashti, Javad Ahmadian-Herisi, Parisa Yavarikiai, A. Farshbaf‐Khalili, N. Ghassab-Abdollahi, P. Ghahremaninasab","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.14","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Physical activity and nutrition can affect some serum markers associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to ascertain the prevalence and predictors of MetS among middle-aged women in this study. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed on 164 eligible middle-aged women. Sampling was performed by two-stage cluster random sampling among all the health care centers in Kamyaran, Iran. Data were collected through anthropometrics, Food Records, and International Physical Activity Questionnaires. Serum lipid profile and glycemic control indexes, calcium, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 were assayed. Blood pressure was measured. The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria were used to detection of MetS. Results: Forty-one women (25.0%; 95% CI: 18.4% to 31.6%) had MetS. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.020; 95% CI: 1.001 to 1.039), triglyceride (aOR: 1.024; 95% CI: 1.015-1.033), low physical activity: walking (aOR: 0.999; 95% CI: 0.998 0.999), dietary iron (aOR: 1.059; 95% CI: 0.989- 1.134) and waist circumference (aOR: 1.062: 95% CI; 1.020 1.105) have been detected as the MetS predictors in this study. Conclusions: Higher serum levels of FBS and triglyceride, higher iron intake and waist circumference, and low physical activity enhanced the chance of getting MetS.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43486250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Garedaghi, P. Bourée, A. Khaki, F. Shaarbaf, Mehrnaz Haji Abedin Rangraz
Objectives: Hydatidosis is a parasitic disease of zoonoses and the best treatment for this parasitic disease is cryosurgery. From time immemorial, many protoscolice-destroying chemicals have been used to inhibit the distribution of protoscolices within the cyst during surgery. However, the side effects of chemical compounds and medicinal plants should always be considered. Due to the antiparasitic properties of Bunium persicum (Boiss), this study was performed to evaluate and compare the effects of B. persicum (Boiss) essential oil and albendazole on protoscolices inside hydatid cyst in vitro. Materials and Methods: In this study, the essential oil used from the desired plant seeds was prepared. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to determine its components. Hydatid cyst protoscolices were extracted from hydatid cyst-infected livers and exposed to B. persicum (Boiss) (2.5, 5, and 10 μg/mL) for 10, 30, 60, and 120 minutes, respectively. The viability of protoscolices was measured by the effect of plant essential oil by eosin staining. Albendazole was also used as an effective antiparasitic drug in this study. Results: The amount of essential oil protoscolices at 2.5 μg/mL in 10, 30, 60, and 120 minutes was 48.5%, 68.2%, 79.5%, and 96.1%, respectively. The antiparasitic drug albendazole showed less toxic effects at similar doses at the same intervals, but both treatment groups had a significant effect (P<0.001). The highest toxic effects of essential oil were observed at a concentration of 10 μg/mL 30 minutes after treatment. For albendazole, this effect was achieved at a dose of 10 μg/mL after 2 hours. Conclusions: The results and statistical data of this study showed that the essential oil of B. persicum (Boiss) in comparison with the antiparasitic drug albendazole has an acceptable scolicide effects in hydatidosis and can be used as an alternative to scolicide compound.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Effects of Bunium persicum and Albendazole on Killing Hydatid Cyst Protoscolices In Vitro","authors":"Y. Garedaghi, P. Bourée, A. Khaki, F. Shaarbaf, Mehrnaz Haji Abedin Rangraz","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.15","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Hydatidosis is a parasitic disease of zoonoses and the best treatment for this parasitic disease is cryosurgery. From time immemorial, many protoscolice-destroying chemicals have been used to inhibit the distribution of protoscolices within the cyst during surgery. However, the side effects of chemical compounds and medicinal plants should always be considered. Due to the antiparasitic properties of Bunium persicum (Boiss), this study was performed to evaluate and compare the effects of B. persicum (Boiss) essential oil and albendazole on protoscolices inside hydatid cyst in vitro. Materials and Methods: In this study, the essential oil used from the desired plant seeds was prepared. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to determine its components. Hydatid cyst protoscolices were extracted from hydatid cyst-infected livers and exposed to B. persicum (Boiss) (2.5, 5, and 10 μg/mL) for 10, 30, 60, and 120 minutes, respectively. The viability of protoscolices was measured by the effect of plant essential oil by eosin staining. Albendazole was also used as an effective antiparasitic drug in this study. Results: The amount of essential oil protoscolices at 2.5 μg/mL in 10, 30, 60, and 120 minutes was 48.5%, 68.2%, 79.5%, and 96.1%, respectively. The antiparasitic drug albendazole showed less toxic effects at similar doses at the same intervals, but both treatment groups had a significant effect (P<0.001). The highest toxic effects of essential oil were observed at a concentration of 10 μg/mL 30 minutes after treatment. For albendazole, this effect was achieved at a dose of 10 μg/mL after 2 hours. Conclusions: The results and statistical data of this study showed that the essential oil of B. persicum (Boiss) in comparison with the antiparasitic drug albendazole has an acceptable scolicide effects in hydatidosis and can be used as an alternative to scolicide compound.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46031051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Gholami, M. Kamalifard, Niloufar Sattarzadeh Jahdi, J. Babapour, F. Yousefi
Objectives: The prevalence of sexual dysfunction and marital dissatisfaction is higher in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus than in the general population. However, the correlation between sexual dysfunction and marital dissatisfaction in diabetic women is debated. The present study investigated the correlation between sexual dysfunction and sexual dissatisfaction in diabetic women. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 126 women with type 2 diabetes mellitus, referring to Sanandaj Diabetes Center, Sanandaj, Iran, were compared to 126 randomly selected non-diabetic women referring to Health Centers of Sanandaj, Iran. Women’s sexual function was appraised through the female sexual function index (FSFI), and their marital satisfaction was compared using ENRICH (Evaluation and Nurturing Relationship Issues, Communication and Happiness) Marital Satisfaction Scale. Results: There was a positive significant relationship between sexual function and marital satisfaction (P<0.01, r = 0.675) in diabetic women. In other words, marital satisfaction improved sexual function increases. Conclusions: Marital satisfaction in diabetic women with sexual dysfunction is more unfavorable than in healthy women. Therefore, maximum attention should be paid to the role of sexual dysfunction in the marital relationship of people with diabetes mellitus.
目的：2型糖尿病女性性功能障碍和婚姻不满的患病率高于普通人群。然而，糖尿病妇女性功能障碍与婚姻不满之间的相关性仍存在争议。本研究调查了糖尿病妇女性功能障碍与性不满之间的相关性。材料和方法：在这项横断面研究中，将126名2型糖尿病女性与126名随机选择的非糖尿病女性进行比较，前者来自伊朗萨南达杰的萨南达吉糖尿病中心。采用女性性功能指数（FSFI）对女性的性功能进行评价，并采用ENRICH（Evaluation and Nursing Relationship Issues，Communication and Happiness）婚姻满意度量表对女性的婚姻满意度进行比较。结果：糖尿病妇女性功能与婚姻满意度呈正相关（P<0.01，r=0.675）。换句话说，婚姻满意度提高了性功能的提高。结论：患有性功能障碍的糖尿病妇女的婚姻满意度比健康妇女更不利。因此，应最大限度地注意性功能障碍在糖尿病患者婚姻关系中的作用。
{"title":"The Correlation Between Sexual Dysfunction and Marital Dissatisfaction in Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"S. Gholami, M. Kamalifard, Niloufar Sattarzadeh Jahdi, J. Babapour, F. Yousefi","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.16","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The prevalence of sexual dysfunction and marital dissatisfaction is higher in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus than in the general population. However, the correlation between sexual dysfunction and marital dissatisfaction in diabetic women is debated. The present study investigated the correlation between sexual dysfunction and sexual dissatisfaction in diabetic women. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 126 women with type 2 diabetes mellitus, referring to Sanandaj Diabetes Center, Sanandaj, Iran, were compared to 126 randomly selected non-diabetic women referring to Health Centers of Sanandaj, Iran. Women’s sexual function was appraised through the female sexual function index (FSFI), and their marital satisfaction was compared using ENRICH (Evaluation and Nurturing Relationship Issues, Communication and Happiness) Marital Satisfaction Scale. Results: There was a positive significant relationship between sexual function and marital satisfaction (P<0.01, r = 0.675) in diabetic women. In other words, marital satisfaction improved sexual function increases. Conclusions: Marital satisfaction in diabetic women with sexual dysfunction is more unfavorable than in healthy women. Therefore, maximum attention should be paid to the role of sexual dysfunction in the marital relationship of people with diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43305138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
pandemic affects all the world and threat the public health. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes various health problems like pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), cardiomyopathy, and gastrointestinal diseases (1). Additionally, COVID -19 seems to influence the male reproductive system as well. SARS-CoV-2 infects the tissues by binding to some receptors such as angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), CD 147-spike protein, and the transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) (2). High expression of ACE2 receptor has been shown in testis, spermatogonia, Sertoli and Leydig cells, and seminiferous duct cell (3). SARS-CoV-2 may affect male fertility by increasing oxidative stress, DNA methylation and fragmentation (4). COVID-19 infection has a negative impact on sperm quality. It may decrease the sperm concentration, progressive motility and increase the seminal leucocytes, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α (5, 6). Recent studies have also reported some histological changes such as acute testicular injury related to oxidative stress, Sertoli cell swelling, vacuolization, significantly reduced Leydig cells, and impaired spermatogenesis in testis (7-9). In addition, SARS-CoV-2 may damage blood-testis barrier and lead to epididiymo-orchitis, testicular and abdominal pain without respiratory symptoms in males (10). A change in reproductive hormones such as decrease in testosterone and increase in LH levels has also been reported in some patients diagnosed with severe COVID-19 disease or COVID-19 pneumonia (11, 12). In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2 may have a detrimental effect on the male reproductive functions besides its primary impact on the respiratory system.
{"title":"Does COVID-19 Affect Male Fertility?","authors":"Z. Kurdoğlu","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.01","url":null,"abstract":"pandemic affects all the world and threat the public health. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes various health problems like pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), cardiomyopathy, and gastrointestinal diseases (1). Additionally, COVID -19 seems to influence the male reproductive system as well. SARS-CoV-2 infects the tissues by binding to some receptors such as angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), CD 147-spike protein, and the transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) (2). High expression of ACE2 receptor has been shown in testis, spermatogonia, Sertoli and Leydig cells, and seminiferous duct cell (3). SARS-CoV-2 may affect male fertility by increasing oxidative stress, DNA methylation and fragmentation (4). COVID-19 infection has a negative impact on sperm quality. It may decrease the sperm concentration, progressive motility and increase the seminal leucocytes, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α (5, 6). Recent studies have also reported some histological changes such as acute testicular injury related to oxidative stress, Sertoli cell swelling, vacuolization, significantly reduced Leydig cells, and impaired spermatogenesis in testis (7-9). In addition, SARS-CoV-2 may damage blood-testis barrier and lead to epididiymo-orchitis, testicular and abdominal pain without respiratory symptoms in males (10). A change in reproductive hormones such as decrease in testosterone and increase in LH levels has also been reported in some patients diagnosed with severe COVID-19 disease or COVID-19 pneumonia (11, 12). In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2 may have a detrimental effect on the male reproductive functions besides its primary impact on the respiratory system.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45518481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ebrahim Afkhami Saray, S. Azadmard‐Damirchi, Mahdi Gharekhani
Objectives: Combination therapy with powerful and new components is presented as an effective method in treating breast cancer against conventional approaches. Here, we tried to evaluate the implementation of rosmarinic and thymoquinone on the tumor growth inhibition and apoptotic induction of docetaxel on MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The drug interaction between rosmarinic acid, thymoquinone, and docetaxel, as the chemotherapeutic drug, was analyzed using the Chou-Talalay method along with CompuSyn. To understand the number of cell proliferation of MDA-MB231 breast cancer, a tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay (MTT assay) was investigated. DAPI and the flowcytometric assay were harnessed to evaluate the morphology and the percentage of apoptosis, respectively. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to recognize the association between the NF-κB pathway and program cell death signal. Results: The IC50 values for docetaxel, rosmarinic, and Thymoquinone were 2.6 ± 0.62 nM, 15.6 ± 2.4 µM, and 35.5 ± 3.4 μM, respectively. MDA-MB231 breast cancer showed combination index value following three combination recipes; rosmarinic acid + docetaxel, thymoquinone + docetaxel, rosmarinic acid + thymoquinone + docetaxel was 0.26, 0.55, and 0.08, which designated a remarkable synergistic effect. The cultivation of the tumor cells under the exposition of docetaxel and rosmarinic, as well as thymoquinone, discovered a substantial upsurge in the anti-proliferative manner of docetaxel from 60% to 82%, along with a double-fold surge in the number of dead cells. mRNA levels exhibited a noticeable decline in IκB-α as an indicator of NF-κB activation and the decline of survivin and Bcl-2 escorted by a surge in pro-apoptotic Bad mRNA levels (P<0.05). Conclusions: By considering our results, the co-administration of docetaxel, rosmarinic, and thymoquinone can be figured out as a promising adjuvant therapy besides other treatment protocols.
{"title":"Combination Therapy Against Breast Cancer Cells by Docetaxel With Rosmarinic and Thymoquinone: An Experimental Study","authors":"Ebrahim Afkhami Saray, S. Azadmard‐Damirchi, Mahdi Gharekhani","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.11","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Combination therapy with powerful and new components is presented as an effective method in treating breast cancer against conventional approaches. Here, we tried to evaluate the implementation of rosmarinic and thymoquinone on the tumor growth inhibition and apoptotic induction of docetaxel on MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The drug interaction between rosmarinic acid, thymoquinone, and docetaxel, as the chemotherapeutic drug, was analyzed using the Chou-Talalay method along with CompuSyn. To understand the number of cell proliferation of MDA-MB231 breast cancer, a tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay (MTT assay) was investigated. DAPI and the flowcytometric assay were harnessed to evaluate the morphology and the percentage of apoptosis, respectively. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to recognize the association between the NF-κB pathway and program cell death signal. Results: The IC50 values for docetaxel, rosmarinic, and Thymoquinone were 2.6 ± 0.62 nM, 15.6 ± 2.4 µM, and 35.5 ± 3.4 μM, respectively. MDA-MB231 breast cancer showed combination index value following three combination recipes; rosmarinic acid + docetaxel, thymoquinone + docetaxel, rosmarinic acid + thymoquinone + docetaxel was 0.26, 0.55, and 0.08, which designated a remarkable synergistic effect. The cultivation of the tumor cells under the exposition of docetaxel and rosmarinic, as well as thymoquinone, discovered a substantial upsurge in the anti-proliferative manner of docetaxel from 60% to 82%, along with a double-fold surge in the number of dead cells. mRNA levels exhibited a noticeable decline in IκB-α as an indicator of NF-κB activation and the decline of survivin and Bcl-2 escorted by a surge in pro-apoptotic Bad mRNA levels (P<0.05). Conclusions: By considering our results, the co-administration of docetaxel, rosmarinic, and thymoquinone can be figured out as a promising adjuvant therapy besides other treatment protocols.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47928219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Uncertainty about the effect of age on the success rate of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion led us to conduct the present study to evaluate the success rate of LMA in airway management in different age groups. Materials and Methods: A total of 183 patients, who were admitted to Shohada hospital (Tabriz, Iran) during 2018-2019, were enrolled in this descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective study. The patients were selected through the convenience sampling method and divided into 4 age groups. After anesthesia, patients were compared in terms of duration and number of LMA insertion attempts and LMA insertion complications. The data were analyzed using SPSS20 through one-way ANOVA and the Chi-square test at P<0.05). Results: There were significant statistical differences between different age groups regarding resistance against LMA insertion (P=0.008) so that insertion was most comfortable and easy in the first attempt in the adult group compared to other groups. However, no significant statistical difference was observed between different groups in terms of the rate of air leakage (P=0.129), the duration of successful LMA insertion (P=0.119), and the number of LMA insertion attempts (P=0.091). Regarding LMA insertion complications, laryngospasm was significantly higher in the middle-age and aged group (P=0.009), and blood observation on LMA was significantly higher in the pre-school and child group (P=0.005). Conclusions: According to the results of this study, no difference was found between different groups in terms of successful LMA insertion and post LMA insertion complications.
{"title":"The Success Rate of Classic Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion During General Anesthesia in Different Age Groups","authors":"M. Mortazavi, Atefeh Shadi, M. Parish","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.06","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Uncertainty about the effect of age on the success rate of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion led us to conduct the present study to evaluate the success rate of LMA in airway management in different age groups. Materials and Methods: A total of 183 patients, who were admitted to Shohada hospital (Tabriz, Iran) during 2018-2019, were enrolled in this descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective study. The patients were selected through the convenience sampling method and divided into 4 age groups. After anesthesia, patients were compared in terms of duration and number of LMA insertion attempts and LMA insertion complications. The data were analyzed using SPSS20 through one-way ANOVA and the Chi-square test at P<0.05). Results: There were significant statistical differences between different age groups regarding resistance against LMA insertion (P=0.008) so that insertion was most comfortable and easy in the first attempt in the adult group compared to other groups. However, no significant statistical difference was observed between different groups in terms of the rate of air leakage (P=0.129), the duration of successful LMA insertion (P=0.119), and the number of LMA insertion attempts (P=0.091). Regarding LMA insertion complications, laryngospasm was significantly higher in the middle-age and aged group (P=0.009), and blood observation on LMA was significantly higher in the pre-school and child group (P=0.005). Conclusions: According to the results of this study, no difference was found between different groups in terms of successful LMA insertion and post LMA insertion complications.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41544145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mohajeranirad, N. Saeidi, M. Kamalinejad, Amir AlmasiHashiani, M. Salehi, S. Latifi
Objectives: 35%-50% of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) suffer from anorexia, reducing the quality of life and increasing morbidity and mortality. Its causes and definitive treatment are not fully known. In this study, Avicenna’s management in his medical book "Canon of Medicine" was presented to help solve this problem. Materials and Methods: "Loss of appetite" and its MeSH heading term "anorexia," also "chronic kidney disease," were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, and UpToDate databases. In Iranian traditional medicine, loss of appetite by "Noghsan-e-shahvat-e-taam", renal weakness by "Zafe-e-kolye", and ascites by "Estesgha" were searched in "Canon of Medicine". Results: According to Avicenna and modern medicine, kidneys play an essential role in normal appetite, and both suggest treatment based on the stage of the disease. Avicenna has described the treatment in 4 principles: lifestyle modification, elimination of waste products accumulated in the body, non-oral therapies, and herbal medicine. He processed food in the diets, which reduces their side effects and improves their digestion, and in the studies conducted, it was in line with the nutritional recommendations of modern medicine. Conclusions: Given the importance of anorexia and no known causes and treatment, Avicenna’s perspective can help solve this problem. He has provided various natural, inexpensive, and accessible solutions that can be the basis for future clinical trials.
{"title":"Approach to Anorexia in Chronic Kidney Disease from Avicenna’s Point of View in Canon of Medicine: A Narrative Review","authors":"M. Mohajeranirad, N. Saeidi, M. Kamalinejad, Amir AlmasiHashiani, M. Salehi, S. Latifi","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.13","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: 35%-50% of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) suffer from anorexia, reducing the quality of life and increasing morbidity and mortality. Its causes and definitive treatment are not fully known. In this study, Avicenna’s management in his medical book \"Canon of Medicine\" was presented to help solve this problem. Materials and Methods: \"Loss of appetite\" and its MeSH heading term \"anorexia,\" also \"chronic kidney disease,\" were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, and UpToDate databases. In Iranian traditional medicine, loss of appetite by \"Noghsan-e-shahvat-e-taam\", renal weakness by \"Zafe-e-kolye\", and ascites by \"Estesgha\" were searched in \"Canon of Medicine\". Results: According to Avicenna and modern medicine, kidneys play an essential role in normal appetite, and both suggest treatment based on the stage of the disease. Avicenna has described the treatment in 4 principles: lifestyle modification, elimination of waste products accumulated in the body, non-oral therapies, and herbal medicine. He processed food in the diets, which reduces their side effects and improves their digestion, and in the studies conducted, it was in line with the nutritional recommendations of modern medicine. Conclusions: Given the importance of anorexia and no known causes and treatment, Avicenna’s perspective can help solve this problem. He has provided various natural, inexpensive, and accessible solutions that can be the basis for future clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43791832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leila Abkhooie, M. Moradi Sarabi, Houman Kahroba, H. Ghanbarian, Soheila Montazer Saheb, Vahideh Tarhriz, M. Hejazi
Objectives: Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) including Cdk9 have been associated with cardiac differentiation. The increasing evidence has proposed that Cdk9 overexpression can regulate the epigenome. However, the current research is the first report of the Cdk9 affection on the regional and global DNA methylation during differentiation. Materials and Methods: This study examined the effects of Cdk9 overexpression on the regional methylation patterns of cardiac miRNAs (miR-1, -133, -206) and myogenic regulatory factors (i.e., MyoD and Myogenin) and promoter DNA methylation in mouse myoblast C2C12 cells during differentiation by the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP-PCR) method. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, and global 5-methyl cytosine (5-mC) levels in mouse myoblast C2C12 cells were quantified during differentiation by RT-qPCR and ELISA methods, respectively. Results: The results demonstrated that Cdk9 overexpression results in DNA methylation changes in mouse myoblast C2C12 cells. It was found that the average expression levels of DNMTs in line with global DNA methylation significantly increased in Cdk9 transfected cells upon Cdk9 overexpression (P<0.05). In addition, the results showed that the regional promoter methylation of miR-1 and miR-133 genes increased in transfected cells during differentiation. An interesting possibility raised by our study is that further active global DNA methylation observed in Cdk9-transfected C2C12 cells can be clarified through the increased DNMT expression by Cdk9 in these cells. Conclusions: In general, our study provides a comprehensive mechanism that Cdk9 can promote epigenetic changes and modulate global and regional DNA methylation profiling of myoblast cells during differentiation.
{"title":"Cyclin-dependent Kinase 9 Induces Regional and Global Genomic DNA Methylation Via Influencing DNMT Gene Expression in Mouse Myoblast C2C12 Cells During Differentiation","authors":"Leila Abkhooie, M. Moradi Sarabi, Houman Kahroba, H. Ghanbarian, Soheila Montazer Saheb, Vahideh Tarhriz, M. Hejazi","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.05","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) including Cdk9 have been associated with cardiac differentiation. The increasing evidence has proposed that Cdk9 overexpression can regulate the epigenome. However, the current research is the first report of the Cdk9 affection on the regional and global DNA methylation during differentiation. Materials and Methods: This study examined the effects of Cdk9 overexpression on the regional methylation patterns of cardiac miRNAs (miR-1, -133, -206) and myogenic regulatory factors (i.e., MyoD and Myogenin) and promoter DNA methylation in mouse myoblast C2C12 cells during differentiation by the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP-PCR) method. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, and global 5-methyl cytosine (5-mC) levels in mouse myoblast C2C12 cells were quantified during differentiation by RT-qPCR and ELISA methods, respectively. Results: The results demonstrated that Cdk9 overexpression results in DNA methylation changes in mouse myoblast C2C12 cells. It was found that the average expression levels of DNMTs in line with global DNA methylation significantly increased in Cdk9 transfected cells upon Cdk9 overexpression (P<0.05). In addition, the results showed that the regional promoter methylation of miR-1 and miR-133 genes increased in transfected cells during differentiation. An interesting possibility raised by our study is that further active global DNA methylation observed in Cdk9-transfected C2C12 cells can be clarified through the increased DNMT expression by Cdk9 in these cells. Conclusions: In general, our study provides a comprehensive mechanism that Cdk9 can promote epigenetic changes and modulate global and regional DNA methylation profiling of myoblast cells during differentiation.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42339650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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