Objectives: Hypovitaminosis D is suggested to be related to the high risk of metabolic disorders and symptoms of schizophrenia. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardio-metabolic indices and the severity of symptoms in schizophrenic patients. Materials and Methods: Patients with schizophrenia (N=42) were randomly assigned to 2 groups, i.e., intervention (2000 IU of vitamin D daily; n=21) and placebo groups (n=21). The intervention was administered for 8 weeks. Anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory measures were assessed at both baseline and end of the trial. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was performed to assess the schizophrenia symptoms. Results: Vitamin D supplementation leads to a significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (P=0.006). In addition, a significant improvement was found in the PANSS negative subscale score (PANSS-NSS) and PANSS total score (PANSS-TS; P=0.005 and P=0.015, respectively). At the baseline, there was a significant negative correlation between PANSS-NSS, PANSS positive subscale score (PANSS-PSS), and PANSS-TS with serum levels of vitamin D (r=-0.42, P=0.010; r=-0.34, P=0.041; and r=-0.47, P=0.004, respectively). Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation may have helpful efficacy on some cardio-metabolic indices and schizophrenia severity.
{"title":"Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Indices and the Severity of Symptoms in Male Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia","authors":"Parinaz Kalejahi, S. Kheirouri, S. Noorazar","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2023.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2023.21","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Hypovitaminosis D is suggested to be related to the high risk of metabolic disorders and symptoms of schizophrenia. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardio-metabolic indices and the severity of symptoms in schizophrenic patients. Materials and Methods: Patients with schizophrenia (N=42) were randomly assigned to 2 groups, i.e., intervention (2000 IU of vitamin D daily; n=21) and placebo groups (n=21). The intervention was administered for 8 weeks. Anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory measures were assessed at both baseline and end of the trial. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was performed to assess the schizophrenia symptoms. Results: Vitamin D supplementation leads to a significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (P=0.006). In addition, a significant improvement was found in the PANSS negative subscale score (PANSS-NSS) and PANSS total score (PANSS-TS; P=0.005 and P=0.015, respectively). At the baseline, there was a significant negative correlation between PANSS-NSS, PANSS positive subscale score (PANSS-PSS), and PANSS-TS with serum levels of vitamin D (r=-0.42, P=0.010; r=-0.34, P=0.041; and r=-0.47, P=0.004, respectively). Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation may have helpful efficacy on some cardio-metabolic indices and schizophrenia severity.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42588275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diagnosing recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is difficult for many infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Over the years, its definition has changed several times. European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) Consortium defined repeated implantation failure as “>3 embryo transfers with high quality embryos or the transfer of ≥10 embryos in multiple transfers; exact numbers to be determined by each centre” in the year of 2005, when transferring multiple embryos was common (1). In a review by Coughlan et al in 2014, RIF has been proposed to be defined as “the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after transfer of at least 4 good-quality embryos in a minimum of three fresh or frozen cycles in a woman under the age of 40 years” (2). A variety of other definitions of RIF based on clinical rather than scientific judgement and generally referring to two to three failed cycles in goodprognosis women have also been used so far (3). Recently, some novel definitions were proposed because of the shortcomings of the available ones (4-6). They all guided their diagnostic criteria by statistical considerations rather than the clinical judgements or demands of the patients (7). The probability model of Somigliana et al was based on the chances of success per cycle and defined RIF by three failed attempts including three oocyte retrievals and all subsequent transfers in women younger than 40 years of age (6). Rozen and colleagues’ complex individualized diagnostic method suggested to consider multiple factors with the inclusion of the woman’s age, the number, stage and quality of embryos transferred previously, the cycle types, etc. (5). The other complex model by Ata et al also proposed an individualized model which was mainly based on the euploidy rates anticipated for the female age ranges (4). As a result, we may conclude that a widely adopted rational definition of RIF is not yet available and the efforts to provide such a definition is still on progress. We are looking forward to seeing whether the recently suggested definitions of RIF will be accepted by the scientific community and the patients or not. Mertihan Kurdoğlu* ID Open Access Editorial
{"title":"Recurrent Implantation Failure: Is It Time to Redefine It?","authors":"M. Kurdoğlu","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.22","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnosing recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is difficult for many infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Over the years, its definition has changed several times. European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) Consortium defined repeated implantation failure as “>3 embryo transfers with high quality embryos or the transfer of ≥10 embryos in multiple transfers; exact numbers to be determined by each centre” in the year of 2005, when transferring multiple embryos was common (1). In a review by Coughlan et al in 2014, RIF has been proposed to be defined as “the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after transfer of at least 4 good-quality embryos in a minimum of three fresh or frozen cycles in a woman under the age of 40 years” (2). A variety of other definitions of RIF based on clinical rather than scientific judgement and generally referring to two to three failed cycles in goodprognosis women have also been used so far (3). Recently, some novel definitions were proposed because of the shortcomings of the available ones (4-6). They all guided their diagnostic criteria by statistical considerations rather than the clinical judgements or demands of the patients (7). The probability model of Somigliana et al was based on the chances of success per cycle and defined RIF by three failed attempts including three oocyte retrievals and all subsequent transfers in women younger than 40 years of age (6). Rozen and colleagues’ complex individualized diagnostic method suggested to consider multiple factors with the inclusion of the woman’s age, the number, stage and quality of embryos transferred previously, the cycle types, etc. (5). The other complex model by Ata et al also proposed an individualized model which was mainly based on the euploidy rates anticipated for the female age ranges (4). As a result, we may conclude that a widely adopted rational definition of RIF is not yet available and the efforts to provide such a definition is still on progress. We are looking forward to seeing whether the recently suggested definitions of RIF will be accepted by the scientific community and the patients or not. Mertihan Kurdoğlu* ID Open Access Editorial","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44038464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: The prevalence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) following orthopedic major surgery, such as peritrochanteric femoral fracture, is high. Also, there is a lack of accurate information about the results of using rivaroxaban in Iran. This study aimed to compare the effects of injectable enoxaparin with oral rivaroxaban in DVT prophylaxis in patients with femoral peritrochanteric fracture. Materials and Methods: This randomized single-blind clinical trial included 88 patients with femoral peritrochanteric fracture in Shohada Hospital of Tabriz, Iran from January 2019 to December 2019. The participants were randomly allocated into two equal groups (n=44 each) receiving enoxaparin (40 mg subcutaneously once daily for 28 days) and rivaroxaban (10 mg orally once daily for 28 days). Using independent t test in SPSS version 20, the results of clinical examinations and ultrasonography for the diagnosis of DVT at the end of intervention were compared between the two groups. A P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: No significant differences were observed in laboratory results and DVT-related symptoms between the two groups, as well as before and after the intervention (intragroup). Also, the prevalence of DVT at the end of the study was zero. Conclusions: According to our results, there was no difference in the prevalence of DVT and short-term (one-month) complications between the two groups receiving rivaroxaban and enoxaparin after the peritrochanteric femur fracture.
目的:骨科大手术(如股骨转子周围骨折)后深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的发生率很高。此外，在伊朗使用利伐沙班的结果也缺乏准确的信息。本研究旨在比较注射依诺肝素与口服利伐沙班预防股骨转子周围骨折患者DVT的效果。材料与方法:本随机单盲临床试验纳入了2019年1月至2019年12月在伊朗大不里士Shohada医院治疗的88例股骨转子周围骨折患者。参与者被随机分为两组(每组n=44)，分别接受依诺肝素(40 mg，每日皮下注射一次，持续28天)和利伐沙班(10 mg，每日口服一次，持续28天)治疗。采用SPSS version 20中的独立t检验，比较两组患者干预结束时的临床检查和超声诊断DVT的结果。P值小于0.05为有统计学意义。结果:两组患者的实验室检查结果、dvt相关症状、干预前后(组内)均无显著差异。此外，在研究结束时，深静脉血栓的患病率为零。结论:根据我们的研究结果，两组接受利伐沙班和依诺肝素治疗的股骨转子周围骨折后DVT患病率和短期(1个月)并发症无差异。
{"title":"Comparison of the Effects of Injectable Enoxaparin With Oral Rivaroxaban in Deep Vein Thrombotic Prophylaxis in Patients With Femoral Peritrochanteric Fracture: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Mosayeb Hoseinzadeh, M. Bazavar","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.23","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The prevalence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) following orthopedic major surgery, such as peritrochanteric femoral fracture, is high. Also, there is a lack of accurate information about the results of using rivaroxaban in Iran. This study aimed to compare the effects of injectable enoxaparin with oral rivaroxaban in DVT prophylaxis in patients with femoral peritrochanteric fracture. Materials and Methods: This randomized single-blind clinical trial included 88 patients with femoral peritrochanteric fracture in Shohada Hospital of Tabriz, Iran from January 2019 to December 2019. The participants were randomly allocated into two equal groups (n=44 each) receiving enoxaparin (40 mg subcutaneously once daily for 28 days) and rivaroxaban (10 mg orally once daily for 28 days). Using independent t test in SPSS version 20, the results of clinical examinations and ultrasonography for the diagnosis of DVT at the end of intervention were compared between the two groups. A P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: No significant differences were observed in laboratory results and DVT-related symptoms between the two groups, as well as before and after the intervention (intragroup). Also, the prevalence of DVT at the end of the study was zero. Conclusions: According to our results, there was no difference in the prevalence of DVT and short-term (one-month) complications between the two groups receiving rivaroxaban and enoxaparin after the peritrochanteric femur fracture.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44447872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bahar Elahi, K. Parvan, faranak Jabbarzadeh Tabrizi, P. Sarbakhsh, A. Gharekhani, Fariborz Roshangar
Objectives: The prevalence of fatigue in patients receiving hemodialysis is high. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Rosa damascena oil on fatigue severity in patients receiving hemodialysis. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was performed on 74 patients receiving hemodialysis in Tabriz, Iran from January 21 to February 21, 2019. The patients were conveniently recruited and assigned into two groups of intervention and control using a block randomization method with block sizes of four and six and a sequence of 1:1. Patients in the intervention group were trained to inhale three drops of R. damascena oil each night for one month. We used the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) for data collection and analyzed the data using the independent samples and paired t tests. Results: No significant difference was found between the two groups respecting the mean baseline fatigue scores (P=0.12). However, at the end of the study, the mean fatigue score was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (P=0.001). Conclusions: We witnessed that R. damascena oil aromatherapy significantly reduced the severity of fatigue in patients receiving hemodialysis. This useful and inexpensive technique can be utilized as a complementary method to relieve fatigue in patients receiving hemodialysis.
{"title":"Effect of Rosa damascena Oil Aromatherapy on Fatigue Severity in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Bahar Elahi, K. Parvan, faranak Jabbarzadeh Tabrizi, P. Sarbakhsh, A. Gharekhani, Fariborz Roshangar","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.25","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The prevalence of fatigue in patients receiving hemodialysis is high. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Rosa damascena oil on fatigue severity in patients receiving hemodialysis. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was performed on 74 patients receiving hemodialysis in Tabriz, Iran from January 21 to February 21, 2019. The patients were conveniently recruited and assigned into two groups of intervention and control using a block randomization method with block sizes of four and six and a sequence of 1:1. Patients in the intervention group were trained to inhale three drops of R. damascena oil each night for one month. We used the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) for data collection and analyzed the data using the independent samples and paired t tests. Results: No significant difference was found between the two groups respecting the mean baseline fatigue scores (P=0.12). However, at the end of the study, the mean fatigue score was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (P=0.001). Conclusions: We witnessed that R. damascena oil aromatherapy significantly reduced the severity of fatigue in patients receiving hemodialysis. This useful and inexpensive technique can be utilized as a complementary method to relieve fatigue in patients receiving hemodialysis.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43830069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Salekzamani, Nargess Abolghassemi Fakhree, A. Ebrahimi, Hamed Heravi, N. Dolatkhah
Objectives: This study aimed to construct a device that could measure leg length discrepancy (LLD) automatically. Materials and Methods: The LLD measure device measures LLD with pelvic-tilt method (Program 1) and weight-based method (Programs 2 & 3). Tests were done in 3 phases. 1: Two examiners using the LLD Measure device made -50 to 75 mm artificial LLD in two healthy subjects measuring the degree of pelvic tilt and the load bearing of lower limbs. 2: Sixteen healthy volunteers were asked to stand on the device to measure LLD with program 2 and then with both knees extended to measure LLD with program one. 3: 32 patients who had underwent lower limbs CT scanogram enrolled, and the LLD measurement with program 1 compared with those obtained by CT scanogram. Results: Data’s obtained in the first phase showed excellent repeatability (intra-class correlation coefficient [ICC] > 0.9) and very good reproducibility (ICC > 80%) except for measuring the limb load while both knees were extended (ICC ≈ 60%). In the second phase, we found no statistically significant difference between measuring LLD using programs 1 and 2 (P = 0.49). In the third phase, there was no statistically significant difference between measuring LLD using program 1 and CT scanogram (P = 0.80). Conclusions: We have developed a device to measure LLD semiautomatic with less need for examiner expertise. The results of our new device would be reliable and accurate compared to CT measurements.
{"title":"Motorized Leg Length Discrepancy Measure: A New Device for Clinical Use – A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Y. Salekzamani, Nargess Abolghassemi Fakhree, A. Ebrahimi, Hamed Heravi, N. Dolatkhah","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.27","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to construct a device that could measure leg length discrepancy (LLD) automatically. Materials and Methods: The LLD measure device measures LLD with pelvic-tilt method (Program 1) and weight-based method (Programs 2 & 3). Tests were done in 3 phases. 1: Two examiners using the LLD Measure device made -50 to 75 mm artificial LLD in two healthy subjects measuring the degree of pelvic tilt and the load bearing of lower limbs. 2: Sixteen healthy volunteers were asked to stand on the device to measure LLD with program 2 and then with both knees extended to measure LLD with program one. 3: 32 patients who had underwent lower limbs CT scanogram enrolled, and the LLD measurement with program 1 compared with those obtained by CT scanogram. Results: Data’s obtained in the first phase showed excellent repeatability (intra-class correlation coefficient [ICC] > 0.9) and very good reproducibility (ICC > 80%) except for measuring the limb load while both knees were extended (ICC ≈ 60%). In the second phase, we found no statistically significant difference between measuring LLD using programs 1 and 2 (P = 0.49). In the third phase, there was no statistically significant difference between measuring LLD using program 1 and CT scanogram (P = 0.80). Conclusions: We have developed a device to measure LLD semiautomatic with less need for examiner expertise. The results of our new device would be reliable and accurate compared to CT measurements.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44042680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Zataria multiflora Boiss has been used as a conventional medicinal plant for treating infections in traditional medicine. Therefore, the aim of this work was to reveal the composition and antibacterial effect of Zataria multiflora leaves essential oil. Materials and Methods: Z. multiflora essential oil was isolated through two different methods: hydro isolation and steam isolation. Essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and its composition was determined. The antibacterial effect of Z. multiflora essential oil was investigated on gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutants, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium) bacteria compared to that of 12 antibiotics. Results: The essential oil yields in hydro isolation and steam isolation methods were 2.33% and 0.33% respectively. Thirtyseven compounds were identified in the essential oil using GC/MS, among which carvacrol, thymol, linalool, p-cymene, decane, β-caryophyllene and γ-terpinene were the dominant compounds. Conclusions: Z. multiflora essential oil, at the concentration of 80 µL/mL, had a strong or similar antibacterial effect on S. aureus and S. typhimurium compared to the antibacterial effect of some of the antibiotics in the study.
{"title":"The Effect of Zataria multiflora Boiss Leaves Essential Oil on Some Pathogenic Bacteria as an Alternative for Conventional Antibiotics","authors":"Abdollah Dadazadeh, H. Nourafcan","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.29","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Zataria multiflora Boiss has been used as a conventional medicinal plant for treating infections in traditional medicine. Therefore, the aim of this work was to reveal the composition and antibacterial effect of Zataria multiflora leaves essential oil. Materials and Methods: Z. multiflora essential oil was isolated through two different methods: hydro isolation and steam isolation. Essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and its composition was determined. The antibacterial effect of Z. multiflora essential oil was investigated on gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutants, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium) bacteria compared to that of 12 antibiotics. Results: The essential oil yields in hydro isolation and steam isolation methods were 2.33% and 0.33% respectively. Thirtyseven compounds were identified in the essential oil using GC/MS, among which carvacrol, thymol, linalool, p-cymene, decane, β-caryophyllene and γ-terpinene were the dominant compounds. Conclusions: Z. multiflora essential oil, at the concentration of 80 µL/mL, had a strong or similar antibacterial effect on S. aureus and S. typhimurium compared to the antibacterial effect of some of the antibiotics in the study.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47712078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mehrabani, Hassnan Mahmoodi Nesheli, Abbas Hadipur, L. Moslemi
Objectives: Gastroduodenal perforation (GDP) is a rare cause of acute abdominal pain in children. Case Presentation: A 12-year-old boy presented with abdominal pain around the periumbilical and epigastric region on 7previous days. His familial history was significant for sickle cell anemia in the mother and minor thalassemia in the father. He had been diagnosed with sickle cell anemia at the age of 4 years and had received blood transfusion and hydroxyurea every month. At physical examination, a distended abdomen and decreased intestinal sounds were seen. Also, he had a history of cholecystectomy (for cholelithiasis). Fecal occult blood was detected, while no Helicobacter pylori antigen was present. Abdominal ultrasound examination revealed splenomegaly and evidence of free fluid. Surgical results showed bile discharge in the abdominal cavity, and perforation of duodenum and pylorus. Conclusions: Since the symptoms of GDP in children are non-specific, especially in children with sickle cell anemia, it should be considered in these patients with abdominal pain.
{"title":"Gastroduodenal Perforation in a Child With Sickle Cell Anemia: A Case Report","authors":"S. Mehrabani, Hassnan Mahmoodi Nesheli, Abbas Hadipur, L. Moslemi","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2023.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2023.16","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Gastroduodenal perforation (GDP) is a rare cause of acute abdominal pain in children. Case Presentation: A 12-year-old boy presented with abdominal pain around the periumbilical and epigastric region on 7previous days. His familial history was significant for sickle cell anemia in the mother and minor thalassemia in the father. He had been diagnosed with sickle cell anemia at the age of 4 years and had received blood transfusion and hydroxyurea every month. At physical examination, a distended abdomen and decreased intestinal sounds were seen. Also, he had a history of cholecystectomy (for cholelithiasis). Fecal occult blood was detected, while no Helicobacter pylori antigen was present. Abdominal ultrasound examination revealed splenomegaly and evidence of free fluid. Surgical results showed bile discharge in the abdominal cavity, and perforation of duodenum and pylorus. Conclusions: Since the symptoms of GDP in children are non-specific, especially in children with sickle cell anemia, it should be considered in these patients with abdominal pain.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48267059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afsun Zarei, B. Namavar Jahromi, G. Madadi, Mahshid Alborzi, Pardis Bakhshaei
Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder among women. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are normally observed in PCOS patients and metformin is used to treat this disease. The evidence indicates that the opioid system plays a role in the pathogenesis of the PCOS. Based on the above-mentioned explanation, the present study evaluated the role of opioid antagonist (naltrexone) in PCOS-induced infertility compared to metformin. Materials and Methods: Totally, 120 patients afflicted with PCOS were assigned to three groups based on Rotterdam diagnostic criteria, with a body mass index (BMI) of 25-30 kg/m2 . The first group received naltrexone (50 mg/d) for 8 weeks. In addition, the second group were injected with metformin 1000 and then 1500 mg/d for the first and seventh weeks, respectively. Finally, the third group entered the intrauterine insemination (IUI) without prior therapeutic treatment. Then, the groups were compared in terms of the amount of estradiol produced per day of human chorionic gonadotropin injection and the total amount of gonadotropin needed, the number and size of the adult follicles, the number of days of taking the drug, and incidence of pregnancy-induced abo Results: Based on the results, the mean of infertility duration was not significant among the three groups (P=0.782). Further, the mean fasting insulin level between the metformin and control groups represented a significant difference (P=0.045). The average number of days to trigger patients in the 3 groups was not significant (P=0.346). Although the average number of follicles between metformin and naltrexone groups was not significant, it was higher in the naltrexone group. Finally, the average BMI of the naltrexone group after the treatment was lower compared to before treatment (P≤ 0.001). Conclusions: In general, the number of receiving days and the dose of the drug in the naltrexone group was lower compared to the metformin group. Furthermore, the number of mature follicles in both ovaries and the serum estradiol level in the naltrexone group was higher compared to the metformin group.
{"title":"Comparing Naltrexone and Metformin Pretreatment for Inducing Ovulation in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Intrauterine Insemination Cycles","authors":"Afsun Zarei, B. Namavar Jahromi, G. Madadi, Mahshid Alborzi, Pardis Bakhshaei","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.28","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder among women. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are normally observed in PCOS patients and metformin is used to treat this disease. The evidence indicates that the opioid system plays a role in the pathogenesis of the PCOS. Based on the above-mentioned explanation, the present study evaluated the role of opioid antagonist (naltrexone) in PCOS-induced infertility compared to metformin. Materials and Methods: Totally, 120 patients afflicted with PCOS were assigned to three groups based on Rotterdam diagnostic criteria, with a body mass index (BMI) of 25-30 kg/m2 . The first group received naltrexone (50 mg/d) for 8 weeks. In addition, the second group were injected with metformin 1000 and then 1500 mg/d for the first and seventh weeks, respectively. Finally, the third group entered the intrauterine insemination (IUI) without prior therapeutic treatment. Then, the groups were compared in terms of the amount of estradiol produced per day of human chorionic gonadotropin injection and the total amount of gonadotropin needed, the number and size of the adult follicles, the number of days of taking the drug, and incidence of pregnancy-induced abo Results: Based on the results, the mean of infertility duration was not significant among the three groups (P=0.782). Further, the mean fasting insulin level between the metformin and control groups represented a significant difference (P=0.045). The average number of days to trigger patients in the 3 groups was not significant (P=0.346). Although the average number of follicles between metformin and naltrexone groups was not significant, it was higher in the naltrexone group. Finally, the average BMI of the naltrexone group after the treatment was lower compared to before treatment (P≤ 0.001). Conclusions: In general, the number of receiving days and the dose of the drug in the naltrexone group was lower compared to the metformin group. Furthermore, the number of mature follicles in both ovaries and the serum estradiol level in the naltrexone group was higher compared to the metformin group.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42734123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Faraji, Mostafa Araj-khodaei, A. Jafari, Maryam Ghaffari, R. Mohammadinasab, S. Hamedeyazdan, M. de la Guardia, Jafar Ezzati Nazhad Dolatabadi
Objectives: One of the well-accepted beliefs about natural products, considering the advances of recently appearing new edges and features of herbal medicine, is paying more attention to cancer treatments. However, they have not been properly studied with reasonable/reliable clinical trials in human subjects in most cases. Therefore, seeking in vitro effects of herbs like Melissa officinalis (MO) in cancer therapy to identify the involved possible mechanism in conjugation with configurative/morphological aspects of treated cells seems quite necessary. In this study, we evaluated the co-treatment effect of anti-cancer drug methotrexate (MTX) and MO on HeLa cancer cells. Methods: MTT assay was applied to assess the quantitative cytotoxicity effect of both MTX and Mo. Apoptosis assay via flow cytometry was used to determine the amount of apoptotic and necrotic cells. To further investigate the anti-cancer effects, DAPI staining and DNA ladder assays are used qualitatively to detect changes in the nuclei of cells that are a sign of apoptosis occurring and morphological modifications of DNA. Results: MTX and MO mixture showed high cytotoxicity and apoptosis rate compared to untreated cells. Furthermore, the morphological changes of MTX and MO mixture were more evident than that of single MO, MTX, and control groups. Conclusions: These data regarding cell growth reduction and apoptosis induction in HeLa cancer cells showed that MTX and MO mixture can be an appropriate platform for cancer therapy.
{"title":"Anti-cancer Effects of Methotrexate in Combination With Melissa officinalis on HeLa Cancer Cell Line","authors":"P. Faraji, Mostafa Araj-khodaei, A. Jafari, Maryam Ghaffari, R. Mohammadinasab, S. Hamedeyazdan, M. de la Guardia, Jafar Ezzati Nazhad Dolatabadi","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.31","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: One of the well-accepted beliefs about natural products, considering the advances of recently appearing new edges and features of herbal medicine, is paying more attention to cancer treatments. However, they have not been properly studied with reasonable/reliable clinical trials in human subjects in most cases. Therefore, seeking in vitro effects of herbs like Melissa officinalis (MO) in cancer therapy to identify the involved possible mechanism in conjugation with configurative/morphological aspects of treated cells seems quite necessary. In this study, we evaluated the co-treatment effect of anti-cancer drug methotrexate (MTX) and MO on HeLa cancer cells. Methods: MTT assay was applied to assess the quantitative cytotoxicity effect of both MTX and Mo. Apoptosis assay via flow cytometry was used to determine the amount of apoptotic and necrotic cells. To further investigate the anti-cancer effects, DAPI staining and DNA ladder assays are used qualitatively to detect changes in the nuclei of cells that are a sign of apoptosis occurring and morphological modifications of DNA. Results: MTX and MO mixture showed high cytotoxicity and apoptosis rate compared to untreated cells. Furthermore, the morphological changes of MTX and MO mixture were more evident than that of single MO, MTX, and control groups. Conclusions: These data regarding cell growth reduction and apoptosis induction in HeLa cancer cells showed that MTX and MO mixture can be an appropriate platform for cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43122033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gelareh Biazar, F. Farzi, S. Ghazanfar Tehran, Reyhaneh Shahrokhi Rad, M. Habibi, Mahsa Khosousi Sani, Amer Chohdary, A. Yaghoobi, Ladan Mirmansouri
Objectives: Despite a variety of strategies, propofol injection pain (PIP) is still one of the most distressing adverse effects of the drug. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of metoclopramide, low dose of propofol, magnesium sulfate, and ondansetron in the prevention of PIP. Materials and Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was conducted at Al-Zahra hospital an academic and referral center affiliated with Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. A total of 120 eligible women candidates for elective gynecologic surgeries were divided into four equal groups of magnesium sulfate (30 mg/kg), ondansetron (4 mg), metoclopramide (10 mg), and propofol (15 mg). The primary outcome of this study was to decrease the pain severity of propofol injection. Results: The participants’ demographic characteristics, including age, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, and body mass index, had no significant differences between the four groups. A significant decrease in heart rate and mean arterial pressure were observed in four groups; however, the difference was insignificant. The mean pain intensity in the magnesium sulfate group was 1.57 ± 0.9, ondansetron 1.37 ± 0.89, metoclopramide 0.95 ± 0.93, and in propofol group was 1.25 ± 1.1 (P=0.036). Conclusions: Metoclopramide could appropriately alleviate PIP. Considering some additional advantages, including antiemetic properties, preventing esophageal reflux, and less risk of postoperative ileus, this drug could be a safe and acceptable choice.
{"title":"Comparing the Effectiveness of Metoclopramide, Low Dose of Propofol, Ondansetron, and Magnesium Sulfate on Propofol Injection Pain: A Double-Blind Clinical Trial","authors":"Gelareh Biazar, F. Farzi, S. Ghazanfar Tehran, Reyhaneh Shahrokhi Rad, M. Habibi, Mahsa Khosousi Sani, Amer Chohdary, A. Yaghoobi, Ladan Mirmansouri","doi":"10.34172/cjmb.2022.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/cjmb.2022.33","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Despite a variety of strategies, propofol injection pain (PIP) is still one of the most distressing adverse effects of the drug. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of metoclopramide, low dose of propofol, magnesium sulfate, and ondansetron in the prevention of PIP. Materials and Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was conducted at Al-Zahra hospital an academic and referral center affiliated with Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. A total of 120 eligible women candidates for elective gynecologic surgeries were divided into four equal groups of magnesium sulfate (30 mg/kg), ondansetron (4 mg), metoclopramide (10 mg), and propofol (15 mg). The primary outcome of this study was to decrease the pain severity of propofol injection. Results: The participants’ demographic characteristics, including age, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, and body mass index, had no significant differences between the four groups. A significant decrease in heart rate and mean arterial pressure were observed in four groups; however, the difference was insignificant. The mean pain intensity in the magnesium sulfate group was 1.57 ± 0.9, ondansetron 1.37 ± 0.89, metoclopramide 0.95 ± 0.93, and in propofol group was 1.25 ± 1.1 (P=0.036). Conclusions: Metoclopramide could appropriately alleviate PIP. Considering some additional advantages, including antiemetic properties, preventing esophageal reflux, and less risk of postoperative ileus, this drug could be a safe and acceptable choice.","PeriodicalId":43540,"journal":{"name":"Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47297796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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