{"title":"Immune checkpoints inhibitors rechallenge in non-small-cell lung cancer: different scenarios with different solutions?","authors":"Giulio Metro, Diego Signorelli","doi":"10.2217/lmt-2019-0012","DOIUrl":"10.2217/lmt-2019-0012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43551,"journal":{"name":"Lung Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/14/8e/lmt-08-18.PMC6978724.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37581114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chrysanthi Sardeli, Paul Zarogoulidis, Christoforos Kosmidis, Aikaterini Amaniti, Athanasios Katsaounis, Dimitrios Giannakidis, Charilaos Koulouris, Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt, Haidong Huang, Chong Bai, Nikolaos Michalopoulos, Kosmas Tsakiridis, Konstantinos Romanidis, Panagoula Oikonomou, Konstantina Mponiou, Anastasios Vagionas, Alexandru Marian Goganau, Isaak Kesisoglou, Konstantinos Sapalidis
Lung cancer is still diagnosed at a late stage due to a lack of symptoms. Although there are novel therapies, many patients are still treated with chemotherapy. In an effort to reduce adverse effects associated with chemotherapy, inhaled administration of platinum analogs has been investigated. Inhaled administration is used as a local route in order to reduce the systemic adverse effects; however, this treatment modality has its own adverse effects. In this mini review, we present drugs that were administered as nebulized droplets or dry powder aerosols for non-small-cell lung cancer. We present the adverse effects and methods to overcome them.
{"title":"Inhaled chemotherapy adverse effects: mechanisms and protection methods.","authors":"Chrysanthi Sardeli, Paul Zarogoulidis, Christoforos Kosmidis, Aikaterini Amaniti, Athanasios Katsaounis, Dimitrios Giannakidis, Charilaos Koulouris, Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt, Haidong Huang, Chong Bai, Nikolaos Michalopoulos, Kosmas Tsakiridis, Konstantinos Romanidis, Panagoula Oikonomou, Konstantina Mponiou, Anastasios Vagionas, Alexandru Marian Goganau, Isaak Kesisoglou, Konstantinos Sapalidis","doi":"10.2217/lmt-2019-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/lmt-2019-0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer is still diagnosed at a late stage due to a lack of symptoms. Although there are novel therapies, many patients are still treated with chemotherapy. In an effort to reduce adverse effects associated with chemotherapy, inhaled administration of platinum analogs has been investigated. Inhaled administration is used as a local route in order to reduce the systemic adverse effects; however, this treatment modality has its own adverse effects. In this mini review, we present drugs that were administered as nebulized droplets or dry powder aerosols for non-small-cell lung cancer. We present the adverse effects and methods to overcome them.</p>","PeriodicalId":43551,"journal":{"name":"Lung Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/lmt-2019-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37581117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shixiang Wang, Zaoke He, Xuan Wang, Huimin Li, Tao Wu, Xiaoqin Sun, Kai Wu, Xue-Song Liu
Graphical abstract
{"title":"Can tumor mutational burden determine the most effective treatment for lung cancer patients?","authors":"Shixiang Wang, Zaoke He, Xuan Wang, Huimin Li, Tao Wu, Xiaoqin Sun, Kai Wu, Xue-Song Liu","doi":"10.2217/lmt-2019-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/lmt-2019-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":43551,"journal":{"name":"Lung Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/lmt-2019-0013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37581116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alex Friedlaender1, Joshua Bauml2, Giuseppe Luigi Banna3 & Alfredo Addeo*,1 1Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), 12052, Switzerland 2Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 191043, USA 3Oncology Department, United Lincolnshire Hospital Trust, Lincoln, LN2 5QY, UK *Author for correspondence: Alfredo.Addeo@hcuge.ch
Alex Friedlaender1、Joshua Bauml2、Giuseppe Luigi Banna3和Alfredo Addeo*，1日内瓦大学医院肿瘤科，12052，瑞士2宾夕法尼亚大学高级医学佩雷尔曼中心癌症中心，宾夕法尼亚州费城，美国3林肯郡联合医院信托基金会肿瘤科，林肯，LN2 5QY，英国*通信作者：Alfredo.Addeo@hcuge.ch
{"title":"Identifying successful biomarkers for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer","authors":"A. Friedlaender, J. Bauml, G. Banna, A. Addeo","doi":"10.2217/lmt-2019-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/lmt-2019-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Alex Friedlaender1, Joshua Bauml2, Giuseppe Luigi Banna3 & Alfredo Addeo*,1 1Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), 12052, Switzerland 2Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 191043, USA 3Oncology Department, United Lincolnshire Hospital Trust, Lincoln, LN2 5QY, UK *Author for correspondence: Alfredo.Addeo@hcuge.ch","PeriodicalId":43551,"journal":{"name":"Lung Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2019-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/lmt-2019-0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44651007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Zarogoulidis, C. Kosmidis, V. Fyntanidou, Z. Aidoni, K. Tsakiridis, Charilaos Koulouris, N. Michalopoulos, Anastasios Barmpas, Hai-dong Huang, C. Bai, W. Hohenforst-Schmidt, K. Sapalidis
Paul Zarogoulidis*,1, Christoforos Kosmidis1, Varvara Fyntanidou2, Zoi Aidoni1, Kosmas Tsakiridis3, Charilaos Koulouris1, Nikolaos Michalopoulos1, Anastasios Barmpas1, Haidong Huang4, Chong Bai4, Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt5 & Konstantinos Sapalidis1 1Third Department of Surgery, ‘AHEPA’ University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece 2Anesthesiology Department, ‘AHEPA’ University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece 3Thoracic Surgery Department, ‘Interbalkan’ European Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece 4Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 5Sana Clinic Group Franken, Department of Cardiology/Pulmonology/Intensive Care/Nephrology, ‘Hof’ Clinics, University of Erlangen, Hof, Germany *Author for correspondence: pzarog@hotmail.com
{"title":"Biopsy and rebiopsy for non-small-cell lung cancer: current and future methods","authors":"P. Zarogoulidis, C. Kosmidis, V. Fyntanidou, Z. Aidoni, K. Tsakiridis, Charilaos Koulouris, N. Michalopoulos, Anastasios Barmpas, Hai-dong Huang, C. Bai, W. Hohenforst-Schmidt, K. Sapalidis","doi":"10.2217/lmt-2019-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/lmt-2019-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Paul Zarogoulidis*,1, Christoforos Kosmidis1, Varvara Fyntanidou2, Zoi Aidoni1, Kosmas Tsakiridis3, Charilaos Koulouris1, Nikolaos Michalopoulos1, Anastasios Barmpas1, Haidong Huang4, Chong Bai4, Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt5 & Konstantinos Sapalidis1 1Third Department of Surgery, ‘AHEPA’ University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece 2Anesthesiology Department, ‘AHEPA’ University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece 3Thoracic Surgery Department, ‘Interbalkan’ European Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece 4Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 5Sana Clinic Group Franken, Department of Cardiology/Pulmonology/Intensive Care/Nephrology, ‘Hof’ Clinics, University of Erlangen, Hof, Germany *Author for correspondence: pzarog@hotmail.com","PeriodicalId":43551,"journal":{"name":"Lung Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/lmt-2019-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43285627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Thongprasert, Sarayut Lucien Geater, D. Clement, A. Abdelaziz, J. Reyes-Igama, D. Jovanovic, A. Alexandru, M. Schenker, V. Sriuranpong, P. Serwatowski, S. Suresh, A. Cseh, R. Gaafar
Aim: The current study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of second-line afatinib in patients with EGFR mutation-positive (EGFRm+) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following chemotherapy. Patients & methods: In this open-label, single-arm Phase IV study, patients with EGFRm+ (Del19/L858R) NSCLC who had progressed following platinum-based chemotherapy received afatinib (starting dose 40 mg/day). The primary end point was confirmed objective response. Results: 60 patients received afatinib for a median duration of 11.5 months. 50% of patients had a confirmed objective response, of median duration 13.8 months. Median progression-free survival was 10.9 months. The most common treatment-related adverse events were diarrhea (72%), rash (28%) and paronychia (23%). Conclusion: Our data support the use of afatinib (40 mg/day) as an effective and well-tolerated second-line treatment in EGFRm+ NSCLC.
{"title":"Afatinib in locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC harboring common EGFR mutations, after chemotherapy: a Phase IV study","authors":"S. Thongprasert, Sarayut Lucien Geater, D. Clement, A. Abdelaziz, J. Reyes-Igama, D. Jovanovic, A. Alexandru, M. Schenker, V. Sriuranpong, P. Serwatowski, S. Suresh, A. Cseh, R. Gaafar","doi":"10.2217/lmt-2019-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/lmt-2019-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The current study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of second-line afatinib in patients with EGFR mutation-positive (EGFRm+) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following chemotherapy. Patients & methods: In this open-label, single-arm Phase IV study, patients with EGFRm+ (Del19/L858R) NSCLC who had progressed following platinum-based chemotherapy received afatinib (starting dose 40 mg/day). The primary end point was confirmed objective response. Results: 60 patients received afatinib for a median duration of 11.5 months. 50% of patients had a confirmed objective response, of median duration 13.8 months. Median progression-free survival was 10.9 months. The most common treatment-related adverse events were diarrhea (72%), rash (28%) and paronychia (23%). Conclusion: Our data support the use of afatinib (40 mg/day) as an effective and well-tolerated second-line treatment in EGFRm+ NSCLC.","PeriodicalId":43551,"journal":{"name":"Lung Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/lmt-2019-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48795205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Until recently, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) was described as SCLC and SCLC variant, based upon cellular morphology and loss of neuroendocrine markers in the SCLC variant. However, based on recent research advances, driven in part by the increase in comprehensive genomic data, it has become clear that there are multiple SCLC subtypes including an ASCL1 and NEUROD1 low, YAP1 high (SCLC-Y) subtype enriched for WT RB1. Comparing morphological and other features of this SCLC subtype to neuroendocrine negative RB1, KEAP1, STK11 WT LCNEC raises a number of important questions with diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
{"title":"Are neuroendocrine negative small cell lung cancer and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with WT RB1 two faces of the same entity?","authors":"D. Sonkin, Anish Thomas, B. Teicher","doi":"10.2217/lmt-2019-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/lmt-2019-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Until recently, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) was described as SCLC and SCLC variant, based upon cellular morphology and loss of neuroendocrine markers in the SCLC variant. However, based on recent research advances, driven in part by the increase in comprehensive genomic data, it has become clear that there are multiple SCLC subtypes including an ASCL1 and NEUROD1 low, YAP1 high (SCLC-Y) subtype enriched for WT RB1. Comparing morphological and other features of this SCLC subtype to neuroendocrine negative RB1, KEAP1, STK11 WT LCNEC raises a number of important questions with diagnostic and therapeutic implications.","PeriodicalId":43551,"journal":{"name":"Lung Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/lmt-2019-0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44348774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Wegner, S. Abel, Z. Horne, S. Hasan, A. Colonias, V. Verma
Aim: To compare trends and outcomes in early stage bronchopulmonary carcinoid (BPC) tumors treated nonoperatively with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Methods/materials: We queried the National Cancer Database for primary (typical) BPC staged cT1-2N0M0 and treated nonsurgically with lung-directed radiation and ≥1 month of follow-up. Odds ratios were used to predict likelihood of SBRT treatment and multivariable Cox regression determined predictors of survival. Results: Out of 154 patients, 84 (55%) were treated with SBRT and the remainder were treated with CFRT. Although SBRT use was 0% from 2004 to 2007, it varied from 50 to 70% per year thereafter. Propensity-matched Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed improved survival with lung SBRT (median: 66 vs 58 months; p = 0.034). Conclusion: SBRT for early stage, primary BPC has increased over time and was associated with higher survival than CFRT.
{"title":"Stereotactic body radiation therapy versus fractionated radiation therapy for early-stage bronchopulmonary carcinoid","authors":"R. Wegner, S. Abel, Z. Horne, S. Hasan, A. Colonias, V. Verma","doi":"10.2217/lmt-2019-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/lmt-2019-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To compare trends and outcomes in early stage bronchopulmonary carcinoid (BPC) tumors treated nonoperatively with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Methods/materials: We queried the National Cancer Database for primary (typical) BPC staged cT1-2N0M0 and treated nonsurgically with lung-directed radiation and ≥1 month of follow-up. Odds ratios were used to predict likelihood of SBRT treatment and multivariable Cox regression determined predictors of survival. Results: Out of 154 patients, 84 (55%) were treated with SBRT and the remainder were treated with CFRT. Although SBRT use was 0% from 2004 to 2007, it varied from 50 to 70% per year thereafter. Propensity-matched Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed improved survival with lung SBRT (median: 66 vs 58 months; p = 0.034). Conclusion: SBRT for early stage, primary BPC has increased over time and was associated with higher survival than CFRT.","PeriodicalId":43551,"journal":{"name":"Lung Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/lmt-2019-0003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42304463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Tone, T. Izumo, Nobuyasu Awano, N. Kuse, M. Inomata, Tatsunori Jo, Hanako Yoshimura, S. Miyamoto, H. Kunitoh
Aim: To assess the relationship of treatment effects between immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) and salvage chemotherapy, with the safety profile of salvage chemotherapy. Patients & methods: 18 patients with advanced NSCLC treated using salvage chemotherapy following ICI treatment were retrospectively included. We assessed the overall response rate to and adverse events of salvage chemotherapy. Results: The overall response rate to salvage chemotherapy was 33.3% and that of ICI responders was significantly higher than that of ICI nonresponders (66.7 vs 16.7%, respectively, p = 0.03). The incidence rate of adverse events to salvage chemotherapy was 55.6%. Conclusion: The efficacy of salvage chemotherapy was similar to that preceding ICI. Moreover, the safety of salvage chemotherapy was good.
{"title":"Treatment effect and safety profile of salvage chemotherapy following immune checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer","authors":"M. Tone, T. Izumo, Nobuyasu Awano, N. Kuse, M. Inomata, Tatsunori Jo, Hanako Yoshimura, S. Miyamoto, H. Kunitoh","doi":"10.2217/lmt-2019-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/lmt-2019-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To assess the relationship of treatment effects between immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) and salvage chemotherapy, with the safety profile of salvage chemotherapy. Patients & methods: 18 patients with advanced NSCLC treated using salvage chemotherapy following ICI treatment were retrospectively included. We assessed the overall response rate to and adverse events of salvage chemotherapy. Results: The overall response rate to salvage chemotherapy was 33.3% and that of ICI responders was significantly higher than that of ICI nonresponders (66.7 vs 16.7%, respectively, p = 0.03). The incidence rate of adverse events to salvage chemotherapy was 55.6%. Conclusion: The efficacy of salvage chemotherapy was similar to that preceding ICI. Moreover, the safety of salvage chemotherapy was good.","PeriodicalId":43551,"journal":{"name":"Lung Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/lmt-2019-0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44154321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonas Claus, Annelies Van Den Bergh, Sanne Verbeek, E. Wauters, K. Nackaerts
A 57-year-old man presented with swelling and pain in the lower limbs, inability to walk and increasing dyspnea for 2 days. Because of refractory stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer, pembrolizumab was started 21 days before presentation. Since then, he experienced general discomfort, fatigue and bilateral weakness in the legs with exercise limitation. A diagnosis of pembrolizumab-induced grade III myositis was made based on muscle biopsy. Pembrolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against PD-1. It has been approved for the treatment of metastatic melanoma and refractory non-small-cell lung cancer with increased expression of PD-L1 on the cell surface of tumor cells. With such a humanized monoclonal antibody, fewer adverse events are expected than with systemic chemotherapy. However, 13% of patients develop autoimmune side effects which can be severe (grade III, IV or V) in 5–10%. We discuss a case of pembrolizumab-induced myositis, with a brief overview of the literature. Only three cases of pembrolizumab-induced myositis have been reported in literature.
{"title":"Pembrolizumab-induced necrotizing myositis in a patient with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: a case report","authors":"Jonas Claus, Annelies Van Den Bergh, Sanne Verbeek, E. Wauters, K. Nackaerts","doi":"10.2217/lmt-2018-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/lmt-2018-0017","url":null,"abstract":"A 57-year-old man presented with swelling and pain in the lower limbs, inability to walk and increasing dyspnea for 2 days. Because of refractory stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer, pembrolizumab was started 21 days before presentation. Since then, he experienced general discomfort, fatigue and bilateral weakness in the legs with exercise limitation. A diagnosis of pembrolizumab-induced grade III myositis was made based on muscle biopsy. Pembrolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against PD-1. It has been approved for the treatment of metastatic melanoma and refractory non-small-cell lung cancer with increased expression of PD-L1 on the cell surface of tumor cells. With such a humanized monoclonal antibody, fewer adverse events are expected than with systemic chemotherapy. However, 13% of patients develop autoimmune side effects which can be severe (grade III, IV or V) in 5–10%. We discuss a case of pembrolizumab-induced myositis, with a brief overview of the literature. Only three cases of pembrolizumab-induced myositis have been reported in literature.","PeriodicalId":43551,"journal":{"name":"Lung Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2019-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/lmt-2018-0017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47627281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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