Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1080/03585522.2023.2276931
Matleena Frisk
"Cash flow: the businesses of menstruation." Scandinavian Economic History Review, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2
“现金流:月经的生意。”斯堪的纳维亚经济史评论，印前(印前)，第1-2页
{"title":"Cash flow: the businesses of menstruation <b>Cash flow: the businesses of menstruation</b> , by Camilla Mørk Røstvik, London, UCL Press, 2022, 229 pp., £40.00 (hardback) £20.00 (paperback), available open access on https://www.uclpress.co.uk/products/141638, ISBN 978-1-787-35556-9 (hardback)","authors":"Matleena Frisk","doi":"10.1080/03585522.2023.2276931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03585522.2023.2276931","url":null,"abstract":"\"Cash flow: the businesses of menstruation.\" Scandinavian Economic History Review, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2","PeriodicalId":43624,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW","volume":"86 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135540411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1080/03585522.2023.2276932
Gjermund Forfang Rongved
The Scandinavian Monetary Union (SMU) of Denmark, Sweden and Norway has been labelled ‘the most successful of the pre-World War I monetary unions’. It functioned smoothly throughout the first era of globalisation but is considered to have disintegrated during the Great War. However, attempts at rebuilding the union in the interwar years, in a spirit of increased intra-Scandinavian central bank cooperation, have been overlooked. In fact, the Scandinavian central banks frequently convened trying to re-establish the SMU. This paper is the first comprehensive account of these efforts. Based on archival material from these three central banks, it will answer questions on three different levels of analysis: How did the central banks consider future cooperation through the union despite interwar economic turmoil? As ending the leading symbol of Scandinavian cooperation would be politically costly, was it the central banks or governments who were the main actors in re-establishing the union? Given both the need to balance between national primacy and to cooperate to counter economic turmoil, and the fact that all Scandinavian countries followed suit as England abandoned gold in 1931, how are we to consider aspects such as isolationism versus cooperation and small state behaviour versus great power policies?
{"title":"Finding common ground: rebuilding the Scandinavian Monetary Union in the interwar years","authors":"Gjermund Forfang Rongved","doi":"10.1080/03585522.2023.2276932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03585522.2023.2276932","url":null,"abstract":"The Scandinavian Monetary Union (SMU) of Denmark, Sweden and Norway has been labelled ‘the most successful of the pre-World War I monetary unions’. It functioned smoothly throughout the first era of globalisation but is considered to have disintegrated during the Great War. However, attempts at rebuilding the union in the interwar years, in a spirit of increased intra-Scandinavian central bank cooperation, have been overlooked. In fact, the Scandinavian central banks frequently convened trying to re-establish the SMU. This paper is the first comprehensive account of these efforts. Based on archival material from these three central banks, it will answer questions on three different levels of analysis: How did the central banks consider future cooperation through the union despite interwar economic turmoil? As ending the leading symbol of Scandinavian cooperation would be politically costly, was it the central banks or governments who were the main actors in re-establishing the union? Given both the need to balance between national primacy and to cooperate to counter economic turmoil, and the fact that all Scandinavian countries followed suit as England abandoned gold in 1931, how are we to consider aspects such as isolationism versus cooperation and small state behaviour versus great power policies?","PeriodicalId":43624,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW","volume":"87 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135539399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1080/03585522.2023.2268624
Rolf Aaberge, Erik Bengtsson
ABSTRACTThis paper surveys Nordic historic studies on the distribution of income to highlight similarities and differences between Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden in the evolution of income concentration and income inequality over more than 140 years. Our descriptive analysis allows for a decomposition where we identify the contribution of the income share of the richest 1 per cent and the distribution of income among the other 99 per cent to overall inequality as measured by the Gini coefficient. The results show that the evolution of income concentration and inequality can be characterised by episodes rather than by secular cycles, which means that the evolution can neither be summarised by Kuznets’ inverse U nor by a U. The evidence on the role played by the share of the top 1 per cent for overall income inequality shows to be mixed and to vary across time and countries.KEYWORDS: InequalityincomesScandinaviaJEL: CODES: D31N33N34 AcknowledgementsWe would like to thank Jesper Roine, Petri Roikonen, Jakob Søgaard and Daniel Waldenström for sharing the data that has been used to produce the figures presented in this paper. We would also like to thank the editor Paul Sharp and three anonymous referees at SEHR for useful comments and suggestions.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Ólafsson and Kristjánsson (Citation2017) provide estimates of the share of the top 1 per cent for two years between the world wars (1927 and 1936) and for the period 1992–2017, while estimates of overall inequality measured by the Gini coefficient are only available for the recent three decades.2 Flodström was a crucial actor in the creation of modern economic statistics in Sweden. See Hellroth (Citation2011) for a study which discusses the role of Flodström.3 For the city of Stockholm 1870–1970 Bengtsson and Molinder (Citation2022) have been able to calculate both individual and household level inequality measures. However, they show to yield remarkably similar results.4 The top income approach of course has its clear proponents, most notably Piketty. See Piketty’s (Citation2014, pp. 246–268) discussion of top income shares versus overall measures of inequality like the Gini coefficient.5 Note that the Gini coefficient can be interpreted as the ratio between the average pairwise income differences in the population and twice the mean income, which means that the Gini coefficient becomes equal to 0 if and only if all population units have equal income. The other extreme is attained if and only if one unit receives the total income. In this case the Gini coefficient takes the value 1. When the Gini coefficient is equal to 0.5 then the average income difference is equal to the mean income.6 Nolan et al. (Citation2019, p. 1290) concur, arguing that «increases in inequality have often occurred in discrete ‘episodes’ rather than in a consistent fashion over time».7 To further explore the role of the financial sector an
{"title":"Long-run evolution of income inequality in the Nordic countries","authors":"Rolf Aaberge, Erik Bengtsson","doi":"10.1080/03585522.2023.2268624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03585522.2023.2268624","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis paper surveys Nordic historic studies on the distribution of income to highlight similarities and differences between Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden in the evolution of income concentration and income inequality over more than 140 years. Our descriptive analysis allows for a decomposition where we identify the contribution of the income share of the richest 1 per cent and the distribution of income among the other 99 per cent to overall inequality as measured by the Gini coefficient. The results show that the evolution of income concentration and inequality can be characterised by episodes rather than by secular cycles, which means that the evolution can neither be summarised by Kuznets’ inverse U nor by a U. The evidence on the role played by the share of the top 1 per cent for overall income inequality shows to be mixed and to vary across time and countries.KEYWORDS: InequalityincomesScandinaviaJEL: CODES: D31N33N34 AcknowledgementsWe would like to thank Jesper Roine, Petri Roikonen, Jakob Søgaard and Daniel Waldenström for sharing the data that has been used to produce the figures presented in this paper. We would also like to thank the editor Paul Sharp and three anonymous referees at SEHR for useful comments and suggestions.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Ólafsson and Kristjánsson (Citation2017) provide estimates of the share of the top 1 per cent for two years between the world wars (1927 and 1936) and for the period 1992–2017, while estimates of overall inequality measured by the Gini coefficient are only available for the recent three decades.2 Flodström was a crucial actor in the creation of modern economic statistics in Sweden. See Hellroth (Citation2011) for a study which discusses the role of Flodström.3 For the city of Stockholm 1870–1970 Bengtsson and Molinder (Citation2022) have been able to calculate both individual and household level inequality measures. However, they show to yield remarkably similar results.4 The top income approach of course has its clear proponents, most notably Piketty. See Piketty’s (Citation2014, pp. 246–268) discussion of top income shares versus overall measures of inequality like the Gini coefficient.5 Note that the Gini coefficient can be interpreted as the ratio between the average pairwise income differences in the population and twice the mean income, which means that the Gini coefficient becomes equal to 0 if and only if all population units have equal income. The other extreme is attained if and only if one unit receives the total income. In this case the Gini coefficient takes the value 1. When the Gini coefficient is equal to 0.5 then the average income difference is equal to the mean income.6 Nolan et al. (Citation2019, p. 1290) concur, arguing that «increases in inequality have often occurred in discrete ‘episodes’ rather than in a consistent fashion over time».7 To further explore the role of the financial sector an","PeriodicalId":43624,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW","volume":"46 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134901940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1080/03585522.2023.2259909
Adomas Klimantas
This paper presents the first attempt to estimate the GDP time series for inter-war Lithuania, tracking the country's annual performance from 1919 until its incorporation into the USSR in 1940, and situating Lithuania within the wider East-Central European economic landscape. The research provides robust evidence that, contrary to prior beliefs, Lithuania was a stagnant economy, resembling other newly established agricultural states such as Estonia and Poland in terms of its GDP growth rate. By 1940, Lithuania remained on the economic periphery of Europe, yet it demonstrated significant resilience during the Great Depression, with no contraction in its GDP per capita between 1929 and 1938. This paper helps fill one of the remaining gaps in Europe's historical national accounts, making it an essential resource for analysing the divergent growth patterns in East-Central Europe.
{"title":"Lithuanian economy, 1919–1940: stagnant but resilient. The first inter-war GDP time-series estimates and their implications","authors":"Adomas Klimantas","doi":"10.1080/03585522.2023.2259909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03585522.2023.2259909","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the first attempt to estimate the GDP time series for inter-war Lithuania, tracking the country's annual performance from 1919 until its incorporation into the USSR in 1940, and situating Lithuania within the wider East-Central European economic landscape. The research provides robust evidence that, contrary to prior beliefs, Lithuania was a stagnant economy, resembling other newly established agricultural states such as Estonia and Poland in terms of its GDP growth rate. By 1940, Lithuania remained on the economic periphery of Europe, yet it demonstrated significant resilience during the Great Depression, with no contraction in its GDP per capita between 1929 and 1938. This paper helps fill one of the remaining gaps in Europe's historical national accounts, making it an essential resource for analysing the divergent growth patterns in East-Central Europe.","PeriodicalId":43624,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135538977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1080/03585522.2023.2252654
Adam Grimshaw
ABSTRACTFrom the 1650s the expansion of English interests in the Baltic fostered more competition for access to commercial markets. A desire from Sweden to meet its own commercial goals also led to a greater level of competition for shipping. An increasing association between England and Sweden brought about the greatest commercial shift in Baltic commerce during that century. Building on research that has established general trends in Anglo-Baltic commercial history during the period, this article assesses the growth and competition of English commercial ambition. The article consults data sets such as the Sound Toll Registers Online, and the Stockholm customs accounts, while taking into consideration contemporary diplomatic sources. It seeks to answer why, how and where English trade became competitive in the Baltic. It outlines general commercial flows by juxtaposing England’s shipping next to its nearest competitors and consults three case studies to reveal previously unrealised nuances in Anglo-Baltic trade.KEYWORDS: EnglandSwedenBaltictradeearly modernJEL CODES: F02F14F36N43P45 Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 TNA, CO 389/15, 14 July 1696.2 I would like to thank Jan Willem Veluwenkamp for pointing me in the direction of the former study.3 It must be said that in such a broad and detailed study Åström did touch on aspects of Anglo-Dutch competition for markets in the Baltic but was perhaps limited by spatial considerations to warrant a detailed appraisal (Åström, Citation1963, pp. 61–68).4 It is important to appreciate that the English and Scottish commercial spheres were distinctive jurisdictional entities. In practice the two spheres remained separate with very little collaboration occurring in Baltic trade between the two nations. For a history of Scottish commercial organisation in the early part of the century consult (McLoughlin, Citation2013).5 A brief sketch of developments in the Swedish iron industry in the context of western exports during the seventeenth century occurs in Chris Evans and Göran Rydén’s study. However, this study of the Anglo-Swedish iron trade focuses on the 1700s and not its foundation the century prior (Evans & Rydén, Citation2007).6 A key exception would be Henry Roseveare’s research during the 1990s which incorporated the exploits of the Marescoe-David commercial house in the Baltic (Roseveare, Citation1991).7 For current debates surrounding the Sound Toll Registers see: (Degn, Citation2017). For more information on how the STRO functions in practice consult: Scheltjens, Veluwenkamp, & van der Woude, Citation2018). Although the STRO have provided unparalleled access to the Sound Toll Registers it is important for researchers to familiarise themselves with the latter article for practical and contextual reasons. As a supplement to the introductory chapter, which acts as an invaluable methodological guide to aid future research, the edited volume to which
{"title":"English commercial ascendancy and the growth in competition for Baltic markets, 1650–1700","authors":"Adam Grimshaw","doi":"10.1080/03585522.2023.2252654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03585522.2023.2252654","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTFrom the 1650s the expansion of English interests in the Baltic fostered more competition for access to commercial markets. A desire from Sweden to meet its own commercial goals also led to a greater level of competition for shipping. An increasing association between England and Sweden brought about the greatest commercial shift in Baltic commerce during that century. Building on research that has established general trends in Anglo-Baltic commercial history during the period, this article assesses the growth and competition of English commercial ambition. The article consults data sets such as the Sound Toll Registers Online, and the Stockholm customs accounts, while taking into consideration contemporary diplomatic sources. It seeks to answer why, how and where English trade became competitive in the Baltic. It outlines general commercial flows by juxtaposing England’s shipping next to its nearest competitors and consults three case studies to reveal previously unrealised nuances in Anglo-Baltic trade.KEYWORDS: EnglandSwedenBaltictradeearly modernJEL CODES: F02F14F36N43P45 Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 TNA, CO 389/15, 14 July 1696.2 I would like to thank Jan Willem Veluwenkamp for pointing me in the direction of the former study.3 It must be said that in such a broad and detailed study Åström did touch on aspects of Anglo-Dutch competition for markets in the Baltic but was perhaps limited by spatial considerations to warrant a detailed appraisal (Åström, Citation1963, pp. 61–68).4 It is important to appreciate that the English and Scottish commercial spheres were distinctive jurisdictional entities. In practice the two spheres remained separate with very little collaboration occurring in Baltic trade between the two nations. For a history of Scottish commercial organisation in the early part of the century consult (McLoughlin, Citation2013).5 A brief sketch of developments in the Swedish iron industry in the context of western exports during the seventeenth century occurs in Chris Evans and Göran Rydén’s study. However, this study of the Anglo-Swedish iron trade focuses on the 1700s and not its foundation the century prior (Evans & Rydén, Citation2007).6 A key exception would be Henry Roseveare’s research during the 1990s which incorporated the exploits of the Marescoe-David commercial house in the Baltic (Roseveare, Citation1991).7 For current debates surrounding the Sound Toll Registers see: (Degn, Citation2017). For more information on how the STRO functions in practice consult: Scheltjens, Veluwenkamp, & van der Woude, Citation2018). Although the STRO have provided unparalleled access to the Sound Toll Registers it is important for researchers to familiarise themselves with the latter article for practical and contextual reasons. As a supplement to the introductory chapter, which acts as an invaluable methodological guide to aid future research, the edited volume to which","PeriodicalId":43624,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-13DOI: 10.1080/03585522.2023.2255599
Petja Lyn Langholz, Hilde Leikny Sommerseth
The number of studies on social inequality in mortality in Norway before 1960 is limited and they often focus on early life outcomes. Little is known about socioeconomic differences in old-age mortality before the emergence of the welfare state. Linked census and church records from the Historical Population Register of Norway were used to study a sample of 10,457 men and women born 1841–1870 who lived in Troms, a province in northern Norway, in the early twentieth century. We analysed the association between social class, measured in adulthood, and mortality at age 60 and older using Cox proportional hazards models. The results do not indicate a clear social gradient in mortality. Differences between social classes varied in the magnitude and direction of effects, depending on gender and place of residence. For women, the association between social class and mortality was weaker overall. Only farming was significantly associated with decreased mortality risk compared to the group of lower-skilled and unskilled workers. Differences were more pronounced among men, with higher mortality for non-manual classes in towns, and lower mortality for skilled workers and farmers in rural areas. The advantage for farmers was amplified in combination with manual or non-manual work.
{"title":"Old-age mortality and social class in northern Norway in the first half of the twentieth century","authors":"Petja Lyn Langholz, Hilde Leikny Sommerseth","doi":"10.1080/03585522.2023.2255599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03585522.2023.2255599","url":null,"abstract":"The number of studies on social inequality in mortality in Norway before 1960 is limited and they often focus on early life outcomes. Little is known about socioeconomic differences in old-age mortality before the emergence of the welfare state. Linked census and church records from the Historical Population Register of Norway were used to study a sample of 10,457 men and women born 1841–1870 who lived in Troms, a province in northern Norway, in the early twentieth century. We analysed the association between social class, measured in adulthood, and mortality at age 60 and older using Cox proportional hazards models. The results do not indicate a clear social gradient in mortality. Differences between social classes varied in the magnitude and direction of effects, depending on gender and place of residence. For women, the association between social class and mortality was weaker overall. Only farming was significantly associated with decreased mortality risk compared to the group of lower-skilled and unskilled workers. Differences were more pronounced among men, with higher mortality for non-manual classes in towns, and lower mortality for skilled workers and farmers in rural areas. The advantage for farmers was amplified in combination with manual or non-manual work.","PeriodicalId":43624,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135784183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.1080/03585522.2023.2193193
Nina Trige Andersen, Ragnheiður Kristjánsdóttir, Silke Neunsinger, Pete Pesonen, Vilhelm Vilhelmsson, Hanne Østhus
{"title":"Longer, broader, deeper, and more personal – the renewal of labour history in the Nordic countries","authors":"Nina Trige Andersen, Ragnheiður Kristjánsdóttir, Silke Neunsinger, Pete Pesonen, Vilhelm Vilhelmsson, Hanne Østhus","doi":"10.1080/03585522.2023.2193193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03585522.2023.2193193","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43624,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44326272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.1080/03585522.2023.2170459
Saska Heino
{"title":"Taxation and inequality: A revisionary study of changing income inequality in Finland, 1961–2005","authors":"Saska Heino","doi":"10.1080/03585522.2023.2170459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03585522.2023.2170459","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43624,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43806041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-06DOI: 10.1080/03585522.2023.2183895
Niklas Jensen-Eriksen
{"title":"Kylmästi laskeva mies: Talousvaikuttaja Risto Rytin elämä [Coldly counting man: the life of economic policymaker Risto Ryti]","authors":"Niklas Jensen-Eriksen","doi":"10.1080/03585522.2023.2183895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03585522.2023.2183895","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43624,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47549757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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