92 Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the common health care problems, which have severe impact on lower airway disease, general health and medical expenses1. CT and endoscopy findings reveal more advanced disease presentation in patients with eosinophilic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps than in patients with non-eosinophilic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps2. The results of surgery for CRS are thought to be influenced by the presence or absence of eosinophils and nasal polyps. The likelihood of relapse is more common in patients with eosinophilic rhinosinusitis3.
{"title":"Chronic Eosinophilic Rhinosinusitis Clinical Implications","authors":"A. Abdulla, A. Darwish, M. Bella","doi":"10.12816/0047528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047528","url":null,"abstract":"92 Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the common health care problems, which have severe impact on lower airway disease, general health and medical expenses1. CT and endoscopy findings reveal more advanced disease presentation in patients with eosinophilic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps than in patients with non-eosinophilic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps2. The results of surgery for CRS are thought to be influenced by the presence or absence of eosinophils and nasal polyps. The likelihood of relapse is more common in patients with eosinophilic rhinosinusitis3.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"92-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45935932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Penicillin-Resistant Streptococcus Pneumoniae (Pneumococcus) : Osteomyelitis in a Premature Infant","authors":"Salwa Al Noaimi, Manal D. Shihadeh","doi":"10.12816/0047534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047534","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"111-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45314438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
82 Job-related eye injuries alone cost more than $300 million per year due to loss of production time, incurred medical expenses and worker compensation1. Ninety percent of these could have been prevented if the victims were wearing proper eye and face protection2. Two thousand US workers have job-related eye injuries. Many injuries are treated in emergency departments and many days of work are lost due to such injuries3. Approximately 70% of all reported facial injuries occurred to the eye. Approximately 70% of non-fatal eye injuries were caused by flying or falling objects or sparks4.
{"title":"Occupational Eye Injury : The Neglected Role of Eye Protection","authors":"Abdulla Almoosa, A. Asal, M. Atif","doi":"10.12816/0047525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047525","url":null,"abstract":"82 Job-related eye injuries alone cost more than $300 million per year due to loss of production time, incurred medical expenses and worker compensation1. Ninety percent of these could have been prevented if the victims were wearing proper eye and face protection2. Two thousand US workers have job-related eye injuries. Many injuries are treated in emergency departments and many days of work are lost due to such injuries3. Approximately 70% of all reported facial injuries occurred to the eye. Approximately 70% of non-fatal eye injuries were caused by flying or falling objects or sparks4.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"82-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43799701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ehsan Almutawa, Mohamed Ali Al Balooshi, Shehab Ghanem
Result: One hundred and five patients who were admitted to ICU from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2015 were included in the study. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (≤8) and Subdural Hematoma (SDH) were identified as risk factors for mortality. Females’ traumatic brain injury was associated with higher risk of mortality compared to males. Skull fracture has 1.58 times risk mortality. Age is not a predictive factor.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Mortality in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury","authors":"Ehsan Almutawa, Mohamed Ali Al Balooshi, Shehab Ghanem","doi":"10.12816/0047529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047529","url":null,"abstract":"Result: One hundred and five patients who were admitted to ICU from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2015 were included in the study. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (≤8) and Subdural Hematoma (SDH) were identified as risk factors for mortality. Females’ traumatic brain injury was associated with higher risk of mortality compared to males. Skull fracture has 1.58 times risk mortality. Age is not a predictive factor.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"96-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49136446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
78 Sepsis is stressful for a neonatologist. It is the leading cause of neonatal deaths and morbidity and contributes to nearly 50% of the neonatal mortality in developing countries1,2,3. The neonatal sepsis pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns vary between different units and it changes over time. Therefore, the choice of empiric antibiotic therapy, which is a lifesaving treatment in critical cases, should be guided by the local epidemiology. Safe prescription practices will optimize the treatment, reduce antibiotic toxicity and the emergence of resistant organisms1,2,3,4.
{"title":"Neonatal Sepsis : A Two-Year Review of the Antibiograms of Clinical Isolates from the Neonatal Unit","authors":"Lulwa Al Mannaei, I. Al-Saad, E. Saadon","doi":"10.12816/0047524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047524","url":null,"abstract":"78 Sepsis is stressful for a neonatologist. It is the leading cause of neonatal deaths and morbidity and contributes to nearly 50% of the neonatal mortality in developing countries1,2,3. The neonatal sepsis pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns vary between different units and it changes over time. Therefore, the choice of empiric antibiotic therapy, which is a lifesaving treatment in critical cases, should be guided by the local epidemiology. Safe prescription practices will optimize the treatment, reduce antibiotic toxicity and the emergence of resistant organisms1,2,3,4.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"78-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49640466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) reduced activity is a global health problem3. It affects more than 400 million people around the world3. People who have G6PD deficiency are mostly asymptomatic but may experience severe hemolysis and develop jaundice if exposed to certain drugs, infections or ingest fava beans3-7. G6PD is very common in the Kingdom of Bahrain4. In one study, G6PD deficiency was found in 18% of males and 10% of females based on the newborn screening test4.
{"title":"Prediction of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency in Newborns","authors":"Mona Al Jufairi, Deena Kheyami, Manal D. Shihadeh","doi":"10.12816/0047526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047526","url":null,"abstract":"Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) reduced activity is a global health problem3. It affects more than 400 million people around the world3. People who have G6PD deficiency are mostly asymptomatic but may experience severe hemolysis and develop jaundice if exposed to certain drugs, infections or ingest fava beans3-7. G6PD is very common in the Kingdom of Bahrain4. In one study, G6PD deficiency was found in 18% of males and 10% of females based on the newborn screening test4.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"85-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46509612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Badrya Toorani, Shaker Al Asheeri, Hussain Al Aradi
{"title":"Cervical - Spine Injury and Quadriplegia Resulting from (Break Dance)","authors":"Badrya Toorani, Shaker Al Asheeri, Hussain Al Aradi","doi":"10.12816/0047537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047537","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"120-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47658114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
126 Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are two forms of severe mucocutaneous immune reactions1,2. Both are characterized by mucositis involving the mouth, the eyes or the genital mucosa and both involve skin detachment. SJS involves less than 10% of the skin while more than 30% of the skin is involved in TEN3-6. Mycoplasma induced rash and mucositis has been recently recognized and reported during the last few years. The majority of the reports have described a milder form of Stevens Johnson syndrome, which was associated with mycoplasma infection where the skin is mostly spared1-11. A case with a similar mild degree of SJS is presented.
{"title":"Mycoplasma Pneumonia-Induced Rash and Mucositis","authors":"Manal D. Shihadeh","doi":"10.12816/0047539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047539","url":null,"abstract":"126 Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are two forms of severe mucocutaneous immune reactions1,2. Both are characterized by mucositis involving the mouth, the eyes or the genital mucosa and both involve skin detachment. SJS involves less than 10% of the skin while more than 30% of the skin is involved in TEN3-6. Mycoplasma induced rash and mucositis has been recently recognized and reported during the last few years. The majority of the reports have described a milder form of Stevens Johnson syndrome, which was associated with mycoplasma infection where the skin is mostly spared1-11. A case with a similar mild degree of SJS is presented.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"126-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41602060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
47 Blunt abdominal trauma is a major cause of abdominal injury in children. The liver is the second most commonly injured organ followed by the spleen1. Nonoperative management (NOM) became the main choice for hemodynamically stable patients with solid organ injury (SOI)2-4. The reported success rate of NOM in pediatrics reached up to 90%3. Adjunct arterial embolization, if indicated, increases the success of NOM. Data about the role of arterial angioembolization (AE) in treating traumatic hepatic arterial bleed in adults is abundant. However, the use of (AE) is not frequently reported for treatment of blunt solid organ injury in children, especially primary traumatic liver bleeding. Our case is a successful super-selective angioembolization of primary traumatic hepatic artery bleed in a child.
{"title":"Super - Selective Hepatic Angioembolization for Traumatic Hepatic Artery Laceration in a Child","authors":"W. Ibrahim, O. Omar, H. Abduljawad","doi":"10.12816/0047443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047443","url":null,"abstract":"47 Blunt abdominal trauma is a major cause of abdominal injury in children. The liver is the second most commonly injured organ followed by the spleen1. Nonoperative management (NOM) became the main choice for hemodynamically stable patients with solid organ injury (SOI)2-4. The reported success rate of NOM in pediatrics reached up to 90%3. Adjunct arterial embolization, if indicated, increases the success of NOM. Data about the role of arterial angioembolization (AE) in treating traumatic hepatic arterial bleed in adults is abundant. However, the use of (AE) is not frequently reported for treatment of blunt solid organ injury in children, especially primary traumatic liver bleeding. Our case is a successful super-selective angioembolization of primary traumatic hepatic artery bleed in a child.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"47-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66300652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
54 The human limb muscles are divided into fascial compartments by strong fibrous connective tissue called fascial membranes. In the lower limbs, there are four main fascial compartments, each compartment contains its group of muscles and usually have nerve and blood supplies. The four compartments are: anterior, lateral, posterior and superficial posterior. Compartment syndrome develops when there is an increased pressure inside compartments which compromises circulation and function of muscles within that particular compartment1.
{"title":"Isolated Anterior Compartment Syndrome Caused by Chronic Alcohol - Induced Rhabdomyolysis","authors":"Hamad M. Ammar, P. Korambayil, N. Louri","doi":"10.12816/0047476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047476","url":null,"abstract":"54 The human limb muscles are divided into fascial compartments by strong fibrous connective tissue called fascial membranes. In the lower limbs, there are four main fascial compartments, each compartment contains its group of muscles and usually have nerve and blood supplies. The four compartments are: anterior, lateral, posterior and superficial posterior. Compartment syndrome develops when there is an increased pressure inside compartments which compromises circulation and function of muscles within that particular compartment1.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"54-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45516372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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