Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.055-069
D. V. Manushin, R. Nureev
The results of testing the hypotheses put forward in the work suggest that, firstly, foreign measures are poorly applicable to eliminate sabotage by Russian officials and there is a need to develop individual measures to combat sabotage in the Russian civil service. Secondly, purposeful work on a systematic fight against sabotage of civil servants is not yet being carried out. The extremely poor knowledge of the identified problem set tasks aimed at expanding the objects of research, drawing conclusions about the current state of sabotage in the domestic civil service. The main results were obtained by analyzing the literature and researching surveys of civil servants at the federal and regional levels, conducted by other scientists. At the same time, the emphasis is on studying the opinions of experts, former and current officials, and on their basis, conclusions are drawn about the current state of sabotage in the Russian civil service. As a result, new and refined measures are proposed to combat sabotage of Russian civil servants (organize courts of honor; eliminate overtime unpaid work of civil servants; adjust the regulations for the work of officials; provide non-material benefits to civil servants that reduce the value of rest for them; introduce classical schemes for combating shirking in the civil service, borrowing them from commercial structures; to reduce staff turnover; to increase the attractiveness of the civil service; to establish standards for anti-sabotage behavior). It seems that the questions raised in this article will allow future researchers to better understand the directions of potential research in the field of sabotage of officials, to compose representative questionnaires and identify the right questions for in-depth interviews of civil servants in this area, to develop other measures to improve the management of civil service in the Russian Federation.
{"title":"Sabotage of Russian Officials and Main Measures to Combat It","authors":"D. V. Manushin, R. Nureev","doi":"10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.055-069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.055-069","url":null,"abstract":"The results of testing the hypotheses put forward in the work suggest that, firstly, foreign measures are poorly applicable to eliminate sabotage by Russian officials and there is a need to develop individual measures to combat sabotage in the Russian civil service. Secondly, purposeful work on a systematic fight against sabotage of civil servants is not yet being carried out. The extremely poor knowledge of the identified problem set tasks aimed at expanding the objects of research, drawing conclusions about the current state of sabotage in the domestic civil service. The main results were obtained by analyzing the literature and researching surveys of civil servants at the federal and regional levels, conducted by other scientists. At the same time, the emphasis is on studying the opinions of experts, former and current officials, and on their basis, conclusions are drawn about the current state of sabotage in the Russian civil service. As a result, new and refined measures are proposed to combat sabotage of Russian civil servants (organize courts of honor; eliminate overtime unpaid work of civil servants; adjust the regulations for the work of officials; provide non-material benefits to civil servants that reduce the value of rest for them; introduce classical schemes for combating shirking in the civil service, borrowing them from commercial structures; to reduce staff turnover; to increase the attractiveness of the civil service; to establish standards for anti-sabotage behavior). It seems that the questions raised in this article will allow future researchers to better understand the directions of potential research in the field of sabotage of officials, to compose representative questionnaires and identify the right questions for in-depth interviews of civil servants in this area, to develop other measures to improve the management of civil service in the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":43842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Institutional Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74005456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.006-024
V. Tambovtsev
Over the past decades, the development of institutional studies has become one of the main directions in the social sciences. Does everything in the organization of science contribute to this research? The main objective of the article is to analyze and assess factors that can have a negative impact on the growth of scientific knowledge about institutions. The first section discusses approaches to the growth of scientific knowledge, the role of scholarly communications in it, and the structure of the conceptual apparatus of scientific research programs. Some features of the competition among research programs that might hinder the growth of knowledge are also analyzed in the first section. The second section examines the variety of institutional approaches and manifold research initiatives and communication processes that derive from them. The third section is devoted to the analysis of microfoundations in economics and organizational science. In the fourth section we analyze approaches to the study of various economic institutions within the framework of organizational institutionalism. The features of the conceptual apparatus of organizational institutional theory and the specifics of its impact on the implemented approaches to the microfoundations of institutions are characterized. It is assumed that the research program of organizational institutionalism contains composite concepts with a heterogeneous content, it may result in the lack of operational definitions. This feature, together with the limited scholarly communications, determines the presence of artificial scientific problems which hinder the growth of scientific knowledge both in the framework of this research program and in the study of institutions in general.
{"title":"The Plurality of Institutional Approaches and Difficulties of Scholarly Communication","authors":"V. Tambovtsev","doi":"10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.006-024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.006-024","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decades, the development of institutional studies has become one of the main directions in the social sciences. Does everything in the organization of science contribute to this research? The main objective of the article is to analyze and assess factors that can have a negative impact on the growth of scientific knowledge about institutions. The first section discusses approaches to the growth of scientific knowledge, the role of scholarly communications in it, and the structure of the conceptual apparatus of scientific research programs. Some features of the competition among research programs that might hinder the growth of knowledge are also analyzed in the first section. The second section examines the variety of institutional approaches and manifold research initiatives and communication processes that derive from them. The third section is devoted to the analysis of microfoundations in economics and organizational science. In the fourth section we analyze approaches to the study of various economic institutions within the framework of organizational institutionalism. The features of the conceptual apparatus of organizational institutional theory and the specifics of its impact on the implemented approaches to the microfoundations of institutions are characterized. It is assumed that the research program of organizational institutionalism contains composite concepts with a heterogeneous content, it may result in the lack of operational definitions. This feature, together with the limited scholarly communications, determines the presence of artificial scientific problems which hinder the growth of scientific knowledge both in the framework of this research program and in the study of institutions in general.","PeriodicalId":43842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Institutional Studies","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88661416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.036-054
S. Malakhov
Recent research on labor-search-leisure model has described local multiple equilibria of Invisible hand under wage and price dispersion. This paper analyzes the general competitive equilibrium, where the Invisible hand creates harmonic proportions of mutually beneficial exchange. The analysis results in the rigorous mathematical proof that at the general competitive equilibrium both the marginal rate of substitution of leisure for consumption and marginal rate of transformation of production into services are equal to the golden ratio conjugate, whereas both the intensity of consumption and the sales-costs of production ratio are equal to the golden ratio itself, also called the divine proportion. On commodity market the golden ratio conjugate equalizes the gravitation or attractiveness of both seller and buyer. Local monopoly and monopsony disappear, and the competitive equilibrium really becomes perfect. In marriage markets the golden ratio conjugate equalizes the attractiveness of both man and woman and creates the ideal family. These results bring us back to the theological grounds of Adam Smith’s works; it gives a new view on his idea of natural rates of both wages and profit. It really can be argued that there was a good reason to apply the natural theology approach to the analysis of exchange at times of the ‘Wealth of Nations’.
{"title":"Divine Proportion of The Invisible Hand: a New Look at Adam Smith’s Natural Theology","authors":"S. Malakhov","doi":"10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.036-054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.036-054","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research on labor-search-leisure model has described local multiple equilibria of Invisible hand under wage and price dispersion. This paper analyzes the general competitive equilibrium, where the Invisible hand creates harmonic proportions of mutually beneficial exchange. The analysis results in the rigorous mathematical proof that at the general competitive equilibrium both the marginal rate of substitution of leisure for consumption and marginal rate of transformation of production into services are equal to the golden ratio conjugate, whereas both the intensity of consumption and the sales-costs of production ratio are equal to the golden ratio itself, also called the divine proportion. On commodity market the golden ratio conjugate equalizes the gravitation or attractiveness of both seller and buyer. Local monopoly and monopsony disappear, and the competitive equilibrium really becomes perfect. In marriage markets the golden ratio conjugate equalizes the attractiveness of both man and woman and creates the ideal family. These results bring us back to the theological grounds of Adam Smith’s works; it gives a new view on his idea of natural rates of both wages and profit. It really can be argued that there was a good reason to apply the natural theology approach to the analysis of exchange at times of the ‘Wealth of Nations’.","PeriodicalId":43842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Institutional Studies","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77415876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.089-107
A. Yakovlev, Andrey V. Tkachenko, Milena Emelianova, O. Balaeva
In this paper, based on a massive online survey of public procurers and suppliers, we analyzed the features of building trust in new counterparties in the Russian public procurement system. Despite the widespread opinion about the low level of trust in Russia, the analysis showed that trust in new counterparties is characteristic of a significant share of public procurers and suppliers. To identify positive and negative factors that form trust in new counterparties, regression models were built both for procurers and for suppliers. Focus on the corporate reputation of the counterparty turned out to be the most significant factor influencing the level of trust in new counterparties. The importance of corporate reputation for direct participants of the procurement process confirms the relevance of issues related to the development and implementation of tools for recording reputation in public procurement. At the same time, previous conflicts with counterparties, as well as problems in the implementation of contracts common in the industry, have a negative impact on trust in new counterparties. For Russian public procurers and suppliers, the willingness to trust new counterparties was positively associated with a higher assessment of procurement efficiency at the micro level, which confirms the importance of strengthening the “culture of trust” in the Russian public procurement system, developing an institutional environment that promotes the formation of trust between direct market participants.
{"title":"Reputation and Trust in The Russian Public Procurement System","authors":"A. Yakovlev, Andrey V. Tkachenko, Milena Emelianova, O. Balaeva","doi":"10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.089-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.089-107","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, based on a massive online survey of public procurers and suppliers, we analyzed the features of building trust in new counterparties in the Russian public procurement system. Despite the widespread opinion about the low level of trust in Russia, the analysis showed that trust in new counterparties is characteristic of a significant share of public procurers and suppliers. To identify positive and negative factors that form trust in new counterparties, regression models were built both for procurers and for suppliers. Focus on the corporate reputation of the counterparty turned out to be the most significant factor influencing the level of trust in new counterparties. The importance of corporate reputation for direct participants of the procurement process confirms the relevance of issues related to the development and implementation of tools for recording reputation in public procurement. At the same time, previous conflicts with counterparties, as well as problems in the implementation of contracts common in the industry, have a negative impact on trust in new counterparties. For Russian public procurers and suppliers, the willingness to trust new counterparties was positively associated with a higher assessment of procurement efficiency at the micro level, which confirms the importance of strengthening the “culture of trust” in the Russian public procurement system, developing an institutional environment that promotes the formation of trust between direct market participants.","PeriodicalId":43842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Institutional Studies","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90711204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.108-126
A. Nikitaeva, A. M. Salem
The article is devoted to the institutions of dissemination and application of artificial intelligence in industry. Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently one of the most dynamically developing technologies and outcomes of the Fourth Industrial Revolution with a huge transformational impact on the economy. The article further confirms the inclusion of this technology in all industrial frontiers of recent years. In industry, artificial intelligence has a high potential of use with prodigious positive effects, but this potential and positive results are limited by insufficiently designed institutional framework for the development of artificial intelligence. To establish a way of institutionalizing AI in industry, the article systematizes the drivers and limiting factors of its cost-effective deployment in industrial companies. Based on this, the authors outlined a conceptual institutional framework for artificial intelligence in industry, including institutions of different levels as well as formal and informal institutions. The stimulating and limiting function of institutions in the deployment of AI is considered from the strategic perspective and operational regulation. The article substantiates the priority of artificial intelligence legislation, which goes beyond both individual countries and institutional conditions focused on a specific technology. It is necessary to develop the digital economy, activate innovations, create a competitive environment, etc. The authors have confirmed the importance of a broader institutional context of economic and technological development in the context of Industry 4.0. The article also pays attention to industry standards and ethical standards for the dissemination of artificial intelligence. At the same time, the influence of the institute of trust, partnerships, and digital corporate culture on the adoption and deployment of artificial intelligence technologies in industrial companies is taken into account. It is determined that, to understand and accept AI (include it into decision-making processes and business practices), institutions are required to make technologies more understandable for perception.
{"title":"Institutional Framework for The Development of Artificial Intelligence in The Industry","authors":"A. Nikitaeva, A. M. Salem","doi":"10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.108-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17835/2076-6297.2022.14.1.108-126","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the institutions of dissemination and application of artificial intelligence in industry. Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently one of the most dynamically developing technologies and outcomes of the Fourth Industrial Revolution with a huge transformational impact on the economy. The article further confirms the inclusion of this technology in all industrial frontiers of recent years. In industry, artificial intelligence has a high potential of use with prodigious positive effects, but this potential and positive results are limited by insufficiently designed institutional framework for the development of artificial intelligence. To establish a way of institutionalizing AI in industry, the article systematizes the drivers and limiting factors of its cost-effective deployment in industrial companies. Based on this, the authors outlined a conceptual institutional framework for artificial intelligence in industry, including institutions of different levels as well as formal and informal institutions. The stimulating and limiting function of institutions in the deployment of AI is considered from the strategic perspective and operational regulation. The article substantiates the priority of artificial intelligence legislation, which goes beyond both individual countries and institutional conditions focused on a specific technology. It is necessary to develop the digital economy, activate innovations, create a competitive environment, etc. The authors have confirmed the importance of a broader institutional context of economic and technological development in the context of Industry 4.0. The article also pays attention to industry standards and ethical standards for the dissemination of artificial intelligence. At the same time, the influence of the institute of trust, partnerships, and digital corporate culture on the adoption and deployment of artificial intelligence technologies in industrial companies is taken into account. It is determined that, to understand and accept AI (include it into decision-making processes and business practices), institutions are required to make technologies more understandable for perception.","PeriodicalId":43842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Institutional Studies","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88257896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-25DOI: 10.17835/2076-6297.2021.13.4.140-152
E. Maslyukova, Artyom A. Maskaev, M. Pokusaenko
The study analyzes precarization in the context of state educational policy and university graduates' employment. The literature review was prepared by the PRISMA method (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). The data of the three focus groups formed an empirical basis for identifying and analyzing institutional factors related to public education policy. The hypothesis that higher education programs do not meet the needs of the modern labor market has been confirmed, which leads to unstable employment of graduates. The reasons for unstable youth employment are related to the gap between the educational and economic policies: inflated expectations, lack of personal initiative, heterogeneity in the quality of higher education, the particularities of industries and professions, as well as the specificities of the Russian labor market. There are mechanisms to overcome negative effects and adapt to technological, institutional, and economic changes. These mechanisms include developing a state system for supporting young specialists, improving the institutions of information interaction between universities, businesses, and graduates, creating horizontal networks of graduates to promote their interests in the labor market.
本研究分析了国家教育政策和大学毕业生就业背景下的不稳定现象。文献综述采用PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta - analysis)方法。三个焦点小组的数据为识别和分析与公共教育政策相关的制度因素提供了经验基础。高等教育项目不满足现代劳动力市场需求的假设已经被证实，这导致了毕业生就业不稳定。青年就业不稳定的原因与教育和经济政策之间的差距有关:过高的期望，缺乏个人主动性，高等教育质量的异质性，行业和专业的特殊性，以及俄罗斯劳动力市场的特殊性。有一些机制可以克服负面影响，适应技术、体制和经济变化。这些机制包括建立国家支持年轻专家的制度，完善大学、企业和毕业生之间的信息互动制度，建立毕业生的横向网络，以促进他们在劳动力市场的利益。
{"title":"Public Education Policy and Youth Precariat","authors":"E. Maslyukova, Artyom A. Maskaev, M. Pokusaenko","doi":"10.17835/2076-6297.2021.13.4.140-152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17835/2076-6297.2021.13.4.140-152","url":null,"abstract":"The study analyzes precarization in the context of state educational policy and university graduates' employment. The literature review was prepared by the PRISMA method (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). The data of the three focus groups formed an empirical basis for identifying and analyzing institutional factors related to public education policy. The hypothesis that higher education programs do not meet the needs of the modern labor market has been confirmed, which leads to unstable employment of graduates. The reasons for unstable youth employment are related to the gap between the educational and economic policies: inflated expectations, lack of personal initiative, heterogeneity in the quality of higher education, the particularities of industries and professions, as well as the specificities of the Russian labor market. There are mechanisms to overcome negative effects and adapt to technological, institutional, and economic changes. These mechanisms include developing a state system for supporting young specialists, improving the institutions of information interaction between universities, businesses, and graduates, creating horizontal networks of graduates to promote their interests in the labor market.","PeriodicalId":43842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Institutional Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89191203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-25DOI: 10.17835/2076-6297.2021.13.4.112-125
N. Latova
The article tests the hypothesis, based on the concept of post-industrial society that people with higher education will be more politically active, especially in the manifestation of the demand for change. For this purpose, the materials of the All-Russian poll, organized in March 2021 by the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, are used to analyze the sociopolitical characteristics associated with political activism and the formation of a demand for change among different educational groups of Russians. The conclusion is made that, first, education in modern Russia does directly affect an individual's preparedness for political action: more educated Russians are more interested in the political life of the country and are more aware of their ability to influence the "rules of the game". Second, education does directly affect actual involvement in social and political activism. However, concerning conscious political participation, this effect relates not so much to everyday, regular, as to its extreme protest forms. Third, the education of Russians has no discernible correlation with the presence/absence of a liberal demand for change. In terms of meeting the minimum requirements for political participation, Russian educational groups currently correspond to the Western political science mainstream theory and the practices of developed countries. Nevertheless, the highlighted features of the political characteristics of Russians with higher and post-higher education (not all of the examined indicators are stable in dynamics, not all differences between educational groups are clearly expressed, and, in general, the participation of highly educated Russians in the political life of the country is rather formal) lead to the need for a more careful study of the findings not only of the Western scientific mainstream but also of alternative concepts of Third World researchers. In addition, it has been suggested that the emancipation of a group of highly educated Russians from the state is incomplete. Consequently, they are aware of their objectively central place and leading role in political life.
{"title":"Political Participation and Request for Change: The Role of Education","authors":"N. Latova","doi":"10.17835/2076-6297.2021.13.4.112-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17835/2076-6297.2021.13.4.112-125","url":null,"abstract":"The article tests the hypothesis, based on the concept of post-industrial society that people with higher education will be more politically active, especially in the manifestation of the demand for change. For this purpose, the materials of the All-Russian poll, organized in March 2021 by the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, are used to analyze the sociopolitical characteristics associated with political activism and the formation of a demand for change among different educational groups of Russians. The conclusion is made that, first, education in modern Russia does directly affect an individual's preparedness for political action: more educated Russians are more interested in the political life of the country and are more aware of their ability to influence the \"rules of the game\". Second, education does directly affect actual involvement in social and political activism. However, concerning conscious political participation, this effect relates not so much to everyday, regular, as to its extreme protest forms. Third, the education of Russians has no discernible correlation with the presence/absence of a liberal demand for change. In terms of meeting the minimum requirements for political participation, Russian educational groups currently correspond to the Western political science mainstream theory and the practices of developed countries. Nevertheless, the highlighted features of the political characteristics of Russians with higher and post-higher education (not all of the examined indicators are stable in dynamics, not all differences between educational groups are clearly expressed, and, in general, the participation of highly educated Russians in the political life of the country is rather formal) lead to the need for a more careful study of the findings not only of the Western scientific mainstream but also of alternative concepts of Third World researchers. In addition, it has been suggested that the emancipation of a group of highly educated Russians from the state is incomplete. Consequently, they are aware of their objectively central place and leading role in political life.","PeriodicalId":43842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Institutional Studies","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83704028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-25DOI: 10.17835/2076-6297.2021.13.4.025-039
S. Orekhova, V. Zarutskaya
There has been a shift in the management of organizations from separation to networking among market participants. Social capital has a significant role among the enforcing mechanisms in specific markets. The study assesses the impact of the level of social capital on the effectiveness of a network-based organization. The methodological framework of the research includes a set of neoinstitutional theories and strategic management, among which the key ones are the theories of networks, social capital, and transaction costs. Research methods in the theoretical part of the paper are synthesis, typology, and content analysis. The information base of the study is a survey and statistical reporting of 101 tourist organizations of the Russian Sverdlovsk region for 2017–2020. We identify structural, relational, and cognitive components of an organization's social capital and establish the impact of the components of social capital on the growth rate of revenue and the growth rate of profitability of sales in Russian tourism for two (2017–2019) and three (2017–2020) years. There are positive and negative effects of the social capital impact in the organization. The social structure (structural component of social capital) and behavioral practices (relational and cognitive components) ensure the sustainability and growth of the business. However, neglecting market-based transaction management mechanisms risks reducing the growth of network «embeddedness» and the organization's performance.
{"title":"Social Capital and Firm Performance: The Tourism Market Case","authors":"S. Orekhova, V. Zarutskaya","doi":"10.17835/2076-6297.2021.13.4.025-039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17835/2076-6297.2021.13.4.025-039","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a shift in the management of organizations from separation to networking among market participants. Social capital has a significant role among the enforcing mechanisms in specific markets. The study assesses the impact of the level of social capital on the effectiveness of a network-based organization. The methodological framework of the research includes a set of neoinstitutional theories and strategic management, among which the key ones are the theories of networks, social capital, and transaction costs. Research methods in the theoretical part of the paper are synthesis, typology, and content analysis. The information base of the study is a survey and statistical reporting of 101 tourist organizations of the Russian Sverdlovsk region for 2017–2020. We identify structural, relational, and cognitive components of an organization's social capital and establish the impact of the components of social capital on the growth rate of revenue and the growth rate of profitability of sales in Russian tourism for two (2017–2019) and three (2017–2020) years. There are positive and negative effects of the social capital impact in the organization. The social structure (structural component of social capital) and behavioral practices (relational and cognitive components) ensure the sustainability and growth of the business. However, neglecting market-based transaction management mechanisms risks reducing the growth of network «embeddedness» and the organization's performance.","PeriodicalId":43842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Institutional Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82123205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-25DOI: 10.17835/2076-6297.2021.13.4.071-090
A. Maltsev, N. Rozinskaya
The article examines some of the key features of the scientific work of Douglass North. It is argued that the popular image of North as an adherent of this or that school of economic thought is not highly relevant. The authors believe that one of the key features of North's research style is his "theory-centricity". The article demonstrates that the most important milestones in North's career (fling with Marxism in his youth, participation in the Сliometrics revolution, the transition from neoclassical economist to one of the founders of neo-institutionalism, a turn towards cognitive science), despite the seeming lack of continuity served as kind of steps of the ladder along which North went to the creation of a comprehensive theory of social development. Based on the results of qualitative content analysis of North's works of the 1950s and 60s, the authors show that even in the years of his affinity for quantitative economic history, the economist always put the ability to theorize above the skills of quantitative analysis. This feature, combined with the recent empirical turn in economics, which raised the prestige of empirical work to unprecedented heights, made it difficult for modern mainstream economists to perceive the ideas of the "late" North. The authors' analysis of the citation structure of North's last major book, "Violence and Social Orders. Conceptual framework for the interpretation of the written history of mankind" confirms this trend. This book generates greater interest among heterodox economists, historians, and political scientists than among representatives of mainstream economics. In the article's conclusion, the authors speculate about the prospects of the Northian theory-driven style of doing economic research in the face of the progressive "empirization" of modern economics.
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Pub Date : 2021-12-25DOI: 10.17835/2076-6297.2021.13.4.059-070
E. Popov
This study aims to determine the differentiation of the impact of stakeholders on the institutional configuration of the microeconomic ecosystem. The object of this study was the stakeholders of the microeconomic ecosystem. The study scope is the economic relations between the subjects of economic activity on the impact on the formation and institutional development of the microeconomic ecosystem. The analysis of previous studies is carried out, and the main stakeholders of microeconomic ecosystems are identified. These include public organizations, consumers, suppliers, competitors, educational and scientific organizations, government authorities, and social media. The method of PEST analysis of the factors of the company's microenvironment identifies social, technological, economic, political and cultural institutions of the company's external environment. Based on the analysis of the results of published scientific research, various levels of influence (strong, medium, weak) of the main stakeholders on the institutional configuration of the microeconomic ecosystem are determined. It is shown that the uneven importance of stakeholders in the formation of the institutional configuration of the microeconomic ecosystem can be the basis for the development of strategic plans for the development of ecosystems.
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