Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.1080/24705314.2023.2220946
B. Ghanbari, M. Fathi, A. Akhaveissy
ABSTRACT A reinforced concrete (RC)/steel vertical hybrid frame structure usually consists of a lower concrete structure and an upper steel structure connected in series. This study aims to derive fragility curves for RC/steel vertical hybrid frame structures under mainshock–aftershock sequences. For this purpose, a double incremental dynamic analysis (D-IDA) approach is performed to derive fragility curves for a five-story RC/steel vertical hybrid frame (a three‐story RC frame at the bottom + a two‐story steel frame at the top) under 14 real mainshock– aftershock earthquake ground motions. The fragility curves obtained for RC/steel frame are also compared with fragility curves for a five‐story purely RC frame. Also, residual capacity diagrams are provided for RC/steel and purely RC frames based on the D-IDA results. The results show that RC/steel frame structure has larger collapse capacity than that of the purely RC frame structure, and can diminish collapse probability by 33% compared to purely RC frame structure.
{"title":"Fragility curves for reinforced concrete (RC)/steel vertical hybrid frame structure under mainshock–aftershock sequences","authors":"B. Ghanbari, M. Fathi, A. Akhaveissy","doi":"10.1080/24705314.2023.2220946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705314.2023.2220946","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A reinforced concrete (RC)/steel vertical hybrid frame structure usually consists of a lower concrete structure and an upper steel structure connected in series. This study aims to derive fragility curves for RC/steel vertical hybrid frame structures under mainshock–aftershock sequences. For this purpose, a double incremental dynamic analysis (D-IDA) approach is performed to derive fragility curves for a five-story RC/steel vertical hybrid frame (a three‐story RC frame at the bottom + a two‐story steel frame at the top) under 14 real mainshock– aftershock earthquake ground motions. The fragility curves obtained for RC/steel frame are also compared with fragility curves for a five‐story purely RC frame. Also, residual capacity diagrams are provided for RC/steel and purely RC frames based on the D-IDA results. The results show that RC/steel frame structure has larger collapse capacity than that of the purely RC frame structure, and can diminish collapse probability by 33% compared to purely RC frame structure.","PeriodicalId":43844,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance","volume":"8 1","pages":"179 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44484425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.1080/24705314.2023.2211850
A. Alyaseen, Arunava Poddar, Hussain Alahmad, Navsal Kumar, P. Sihag
ABSTRACT The technological advancements and environmental concerns enlighten the importance of incorporating more high-performance engineered materials in the construction sector. The partial replacement of natural coarse aggregates (NCA) with recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) in concrete has recently been a primary focus of worldwide researchers for sustainability in environmental aspects. The primary purpose of this review is to comprehend the effect of design parameters in determining the mechanical characteristics of high-performance self-compacting (HP-SCC) that include recycled coarse aggregates (RCA). Seven design parameters were extracted and considered in this review. It has been revealed that the design parameters of HP-SCC with RCA have a different effect on the mechanical characteristics of HP-SCC with various grades. In addition, the current research aims to promote environmental-friendly development and produce sustainable materials to improve mechanical-related characteristics in concrete in the absence of a precise evaluation technique. Artificial neural network (ANN) models have been implemented using the design parameters for predicting concrete mechanical properties based on three statistical indicators. The ANN-based model was attributed using these seven inputs of the literature with the help of sensitivity analysis for indicating the most critical design parameter HP-SCC.
{"title":"High-performance self-compacting concrete with recycled coarse aggregate: comprehensive systematic review on mix design parameters","authors":"A. Alyaseen, Arunava Poddar, Hussain Alahmad, Navsal Kumar, P. Sihag","doi":"10.1080/24705314.2023.2211850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705314.2023.2211850","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The technological advancements and environmental concerns enlighten the importance of incorporating more high-performance engineered materials in the construction sector. The partial replacement of natural coarse aggregates (NCA) with recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) in concrete has recently been a primary focus of worldwide researchers for sustainability in environmental aspects. The primary purpose of this review is to comprehend the effect of design parameters in determining the mechanical characteristics of high-performance self-compacting (HP-SCC) that include recycled coarse aggregates (RCA). Seven design parameters were extracted and considered in this review. It has been revealed that the design parameters of HP-SCC with RCA have a different effect on the mechanical characteristics of HP-SCC with various grades. In addition, the current research aims to promote environmental-friendly development and produce sustainable materials to improve mechanical-related characteristics in concrete in the absence of a precise evaluation technique. Artificial neural network (ANN) models have been implemented using the design parameters for predicting concrete mechanical properties based on three statistical indicators. The ANN-based model was attributed using these seven inputs of the literature with the help of sensitivity analysis for indicating the most critical design parameter HP-SCC.","PeriodicalId":43844,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance","volume":"8 1","pages":"161 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43006501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.1080/24705314.2023.2170620
Oveys Ghodousian, Reyes Garcia, Vahid Shafaie, A. Ghodousian
ABSTRACT This study investigates experimentally and analytically the interfacial bond strength of coloured SCC repair layers. Ten SCC mixes with 5%, 10% and 15% of blue, green or red pigments were produced to examine their fresh properties. Subsequently, 60 coloured SCC specimens were tested to assess interfacial bond strength using pull-off and push-out tests. The results confirm that pigments reduce the mechanical properties of SCC and its bond strength to concrete substrates, with red pigment reducing (by up to 41%) interfacial bond strength. It is shown that the push-out test is effective to determine the interfacial shear bond strength between the SCC repair layers and substrates. A GNNC-Modified PSO algorithm is proposed to calculate accurately (R2 = 0.95) the interfacial bond strength of coloured SCC repair layers. This study contributes towards developing more effective test methods and more accurate models to calculate interfacial bond strength of the SCC repair layers used in this study.
{"title":"Interfacial bond strength of coloured SCC repair layers: an experimental and optimisation study","authors":"Oveys Ghodousian, Reyes Garcia, Vahid Shafaie, A. Ghodousian","doi":"10.1080/24705314.2023.2170620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705314.2023.2170620","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigates experimentally and analytically the interfacial bond strength of coloured SCC repair layers. Ten SCC mixes with 5%, 10% and 15% of blue, green or red pigments were produced to examine their fresh properties. Subsequently, 60 coloured SCC specimens were tested to assess interfacial bond strength using pull-off and push-out tests. The results confirm that pigments reduce the mechanical properties of SCC and its bond strength to concrete substrates, with red pigment reducing (by up to 41%) interfacial bond strength. It is shown that the push-out test is effective to determine the interfacial shear bond strength between the SCC repair layers and substrates. A GNNC-Modified PSO algorithm is proposed to calculate accurately (R2 = 0.95) the interfacial bond strength of coloured SCC repair layers. This study contributes towards developing more effective test methods and more accurate models to calculate interfacial bond strength of the SCC repair layers used in this study.","PeriodicalId":43844,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance","volume":"8 1","pages":"140 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49050477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.1080/24705314.2023.2176619
Sudip Chowdhury, Arnab Banerjee, S. Adhikari
ABSTRACT The inertial amplifier viscoelastic base isolators (IAVBI) are introduced in this paper. The viscoelastic materials are implanted inside the core material of the inertial amplifier base isolators. The standard linear solid (SLS) models are applied to formulate the viscoelastic material mathematically. The viscoelastic materials are also implanted inside the traditional base isolators to enhance their dynamic response reduction capacity. The optimal dynamic responses of structures controlled by novel viscoelastic base isolators are derived analytically. The exact closed-form expressions for optimal design parameters of novel viscoelastic base isolators for structures are derived using and optimization methods. The feasibility of these optimal design parameters has been tested by frequency domain analysis. The optimal dynamic response reduction capacity of inertial amplifier viscoelastic base isolators has been determined to investigate the robustness of the and optimized design parameters. The closed-form expressions for optimal design parameters of novel base isolators are mathematically correct and effective for design purposes.
{"title":"The optimum inertial amplifier viscoelastic base isolators for dynamic response mitigation of structures: an analytical study","authors":"Sudip Chowdhury, Arnab Banerjee, S. Adhikari","doi":"10.1080/24705314.2023.2176619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705314.2023.2176619","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The inertial amplifier viscoelastic base isolators (IAVBI) are introduced in this paper. The viscoelastic materials are implanted inside the core material of the inertial amplifier base isolators. The standard linear solid (SLS) models are applied to formulate the viscoelastic material mathematically. The viscoelastic materials are also implanted inside the traditional base isolators to enhance their dynamic response reduction capacity. The optimal dynamic responses of structures controlled by novel viscoelastic base isolators are derived analytically. The exact closed-form expressions for optimal design parameters of novel viscoelastic base isolators for structures are derived using and optimization methods. The feasibility of these optimal design parameters has been tested by frequency domain analysis. The optimal dynamic response reduction capacity of inertial amplifier viscoelastic base isolators has been determined to investigate the robustness of the and optimized design parameters. The closed-form expressions for optimal design parameters of novel base isolators are mathematically correct and effective for design purposes.","PeriodicalId":43844,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance","volume":"8 1","pages":"150 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47819473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-16DOI: 10.1080/24705314.2023.2193779
D. McCrum, Shuo Wang, E. Obrien
ABSTRACT This paper proposes a new indirect bridge structural health monitoring concept that uses acceleration data from a fleet of different vehicles with unknown weights. When a vehicle passes the bridge, the vertical displacement under its axles can be inferred from its vertical accelerations. This displacement, termed the “apparent profile”, contains two components: bridge profile elevations and bridge deflections under the axle. The two deflection component can be used to find the moving reference influence function (MRIF), defined as the deflection at a (moving) reference point due to a unit load at another point, moving at the same speed. The MRIF can be found when all axle weights are known. In this paper, a new method is proposed to obtain road profile and bridge health condition from the vehicle acceleration, without knowing individual axle weights. Numerical simulation results show that the inferred bridge profile changes when the bridge health condition changes. The difference can be used as an indicator of bridge damage and is illustrated here through an example of bearing damage.
{"title":"Monitoring the health of bridges using accelerations from a fleet of vehicles without knowing individual axle weights","authors":"D. McCrum, Shuo Wang, E. Obrien","doi":"10.1080/24705314.2023.2193779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705314.2023.2193779","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper proposes a new indirect bridge structural health monitoring concept that uses acceleration data from a fleet of different vehicles with unknown weights. When a vehicle passes the bridge, the vertical displacement under its axles can be inferred from its vertical accelerations. This displacement, termed the “apparent profile”, contains two components: bridge profile elevations and bridge deflections under the axle. The two deflection component can be used to find the moving reference influence function (MRIF), defined as the deflection at a (moving) reference point due to a unit load at another point, moving at the same speed. The MRIF can be found when all axle weights are known. In this paper, a new method is proposed to obtain road profile and bridge health condition from the vehicle acceleration, without knowing individual axle weights. Numerical simulation results show that the inferred bridge profile changes when the bridge health condition changes. The difference can be used as an indicator of bridge damage and is illustrated here through an example of bearing damage.","PeriodicalId":43844,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44130001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-16DOI: 10.1080/24705314.2023.2170124
Sanjay Baidya, B. Roy
ABSTRACT This study deals with the optimal performance of a five-storeyed shear frame building, base isolated with shape memory alloy rubber bearing (SMARB), under a set of real earthquake data. Nickel-Titanium (Ni-Ti) as well as Copper-Aluminum-Beryllium (Cu-Al-Be) is used as SMA material, and the responses are compared for both systems. The variations of optimized responses of the building are obtained for changing various structural and isolator parameters. A numerical study is taken where the optimization problem is considered to minimize the top floor acceleration by obtaining the optimal value of normalised forward transformation strength (F S0 ) of SMA using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, which is an advanced bio-inspired optimization technique and relies on an intelligent swarm of particles which search for the solution in the problem space. The study shows that Cu-Al-Be-based SMARB system is more efficient than the traditional Ni-Ti-based base isolation system in reducing the top floor acceleration of the building at a marginal cost of isolator displacement. The optimal F S0 is considerably higher for Cu-Al-Be SMA device in practical conditions. Overall this study shows that Cu-Al-Be is a better choice for SMARB isolated buildings for mitigating seismic vibration compared to Ni-Ti SMARB system.
摘要:本文研究了在一组真实地震数据下，采用形状记忆合金橡胶支座(SMARB)隔震的五层剪力框架建筑的最优性能。采用镍钛(Ni-Ti)和铜铝铍(Cu-Al-Be)作为SMA材料，比较了两种体系的响应。得到了不同结构参数和隔振器参数变化时建筑物优化响应的变化规律。采用粒子群优化(PSO)算法求解SMA归一化前向变换强度(f0)的最优值，以使顶层加速度最小为优化问题进行了数值研究。粒子群优化算法是一种先进的仿生优化技术，依靠智能粒子群在问题空间中搜索解。研究表明，基于cu - al - be的SMARB系统在以隔离器位移的边际成本降低建筑物顶层加速度方面比传统的ni - ti基隔震系统更有效。在实际条件下，Cu-Al-Be SMA器件的最佳fs0要高得多。总体而言，本研究表明，与Ni-Ti SMARB系统相比，Cu-Al-Be系统是SMARB隔震建筑更好的减震选择。
{"title":"Comparative seismic performance of building with Cu-Al-Be and Ni-Ti SMARB base isolation system using particle swarm optimization","authors":"Sanjay Baidya, B. Roy","doi":"10.1080/24705314.2023.2170124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705314.2023.2170124","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study deals with the optimal performance of a five-storeyed shear frame building, base isolated with shape memory alloy rubber bearing (SMARB), under a set of real earthquake data. Nickel-Titanium (Ni-Ti) as well as Copper-Aluminum-Beryllium (Cu-Al-Be) is used as SMA material, and the responses are compared for both systems. The variations of optimized responses of the building are obtained for changing various structural and isolator parameters. A numerical study is taken where the optimization problem is considered to minimize the top floor acceleration by obtaining the optimal value of normalised forward transformation strength (F S0 ) of SMA using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, which is an advanced bio-inspired optimization technique and relies on an intelligent swarm of particles which search for the solution in the problem space. The study shows that Cu-Al-Be-based SMARB system is more efficient than the traditional Ni-Ti-based base isolation system in reducing the top floor acceleration of the building at a marginal cost of isolator displacement. The optimal F S0 is considerably higher for Cu-Al-Be SMA device in practical conditions. Overall this study shows that Cu-Al-Be is a better choice for SMARB isolated buildings for mitigating seismic vibration compared to Ni-Ti SMARB system.","PeriodicalId":43844,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance","volume":"8 1","pages":"133 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47844476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-14DOI: 10.1080/24705314.2023.2189683
Muhammad Yasir, A. Macilwraith, C. O’Ceallaigh, K. Ruane
ABSTRACT Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a sustainable engineered wood product which is utilised in modern multi-storey timber buildings. The fire behaviour of timber structures is often a concern due to their combustible nature. In this paper, experimental fire testing of CLT panels made of Irish spruce was performed. This series of tests consisted of four vertically loaded CLT wall panels which were tested under Standard fire curves in the Structural Laboratory of Munster Technological University, Cork (MTU). To improve the fire performance of CLT panels, different types of protective claddings were used. The effectiveness of each system of protection has been stated particularly in terms of the delay in the start of charring of the CLT panels. The location of joints in the protective cladding was also analysed and was found to be a key factor in the fall-off time of the protective claddings. The results show that protective claddings made with Fireline gypsum plasterboard and a combination of plywood and Fireline gypsum plasterboard delayed the charring of CLT panels by as much as 30 and 44 min respectively. This paper analyses the detailed results of experimental fire testing and measures the charring rate and temperature distribution across the panels.
{"title":"Effect of protective cladding on the fire performance of vertically loaded cross-laminated timber (CLT) wall panels","authors":"Muhammad Yasir, A. Macilwraith, C. O’Ceallaigh, K. Ruane","doi":"10.1080/24705314.2023.2189683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705314.2023.2189683","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a sustainable engineered wood product which is utilised in modern multi-storey timber buildings. The fire behaviour of timber structures is often a concern due to their combustible nature. In this paper, experimental fire testing of CLT panels made of Irish spruce was performed. This series of tests consisted of four vertically loaded CLT wall panels which were tested under Standard fire curves in the Structural Laboratory of Munster Technological University, Cork (MTU). To improve the fire performance of CLT panels, different types of protective claddings were used. The effectiveness of each system of protection has been stated particularly in terms of the delay in the start of charring of the CLT panels. The location of joints in the protective cladding was also analysed and was found to be a key factor in the fall-off time of the protective claddings. The results show that protective claddings made with Fireline gypsum plasterboard and a combination of plywood and Fireline gypsum plasterboard delayed the charring of CLT panels by as much as 30 and 44 min respectively. This paper analyses the detailed results of experimental fire testing and measures the charring rate and temperature distribution across the panels.","PeriodicalId":43844,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46175314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/24705314.2023.2165606
A. Moghadam, M. AlHamaydeh, Rodrigo Sarlo
ABSTRACT Nothing-on-road bridge-weigh-in-motion (NOR-BWIM) leverages the response of an instrumented bridge to identify various aspects of traffic information. This system circumvents many of the current issues with traditional BWIM systems, such as lane closure, expensive installation, etc. Most of the current studies are performed on short or medium-span T-beam and span-on-girder bridges. However, longer span lengths, construction methods, etc. can affect the efficacy of the NOR-BWIM. Thus, there is a need to further evaluate this technique on other bridges such as concrete-box-girder bridges with longer spans, in an effort to ascertain whether or not NOR-BWIM systems would still work effectively on such bridges. This work presents an experimental investigation conducted for a long-span concrete-box-girder bridge (144 m span). A total of 18 experimental tests were performed on the bridge. Moreover, a cost-effective sensor placement was developed for general use on similar long-span concrete-box-girder bridges. It was found that the number of axles is detectable with an accuracy of 100%. Moreover, the estimated mean-absolute-error for axle spacing, vehicle speed, and gross vehicle weight, were 4.6%, 2.6%, and 4.6%, respectively. Finally, it was also demonstrated that the developed cost-effective NOR-BWIM system is capable of lane identification and truck position detection.
{"title":"Nothing-on-road bridge-weigh-in-motion used for long-span, concrete-box-girder bridges: an experimental case study","authors":"A. Moghadam, M. AlHamaydeh, Rodrigo Sarlo","doi":"10.1080/24705314.2023.2165606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705314.2023.2165606","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nothing-on-road bridge-weigh-in-motion (NOR-BWIM) leverages the response of an instrumented bridge to identify various aspects of traffic information. This system circumvents many of the current issues with traditional BWIM systems, such as lane closure, expensive installation, etc. Most of the current studies are performed on short or medium-span T-beam and span-on-girder bridges. However, longer span lengths, construction methods, etc. can affect the efficacy of the NOR-BWIM. Thus, there is a need to further evaluate this technique on other bridges such as concrete-box-girder bridges with longer spans, in an effort to ascertain whether or not NOR-BWIM systems would still work effectively on such bridges. This work presents an experimental investigation conducted for a long-span concrete-box-girder bridge (144 m span). A total of 18 experimental tests were performed on the bridge. Moreover, a cost-effective sensor placement was developed for general use on similar long-span concrete-box-girder bridges. It was found that the number of axles is detectable with an accuracy of 100%. Moreover, the estimated mean-absolute-error for axle spacing, vehicle speed, and gross vehicle weight, were 4.6%, 2.6%, and 4.6%, respectively. Finally, it was also demonstrated that the developed cost-effective NOR-BWIM system is capable of lane identification and truck position detection.","PeriodicalId":43844,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance","volume":"8 1","pages":"79 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49399286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/24705314.2023.2168398
Y. Obaidat, Wasim S. Barham, Shireen Z. Hayajneh
ABSTRACT In this study, several finite element (FE) models were constructed and validated with data from experiments that focused on bond behavior between heat-damaged concrete and carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP). Different parameters as the compressive strength of concrete, CFRP width and length, number of CFRP layers (one, two and three layers) and heat exposure level were considered. A concrete block of 150 mm width, 150 mm height and 300 mm span length strengthened using different configurations of CFRP sheets was used to investigate the bond behavior by means of single shear test. The results show a good congruence with the investigated studies. The results of this study showed that beyond a temperature of 500°C, there was a considerable deterioration in bond properties between CFRP sheets and concrete. Also, a slight enhancement in ultimate bond load was noticed for some cases at temperature of 300°C, especially for concrete specimens having highest compressive strength at room temperature. Finally, numerical study was performed to develop modification factor to Diab and Farghal (2014) bond model to account for effects of damage of concrete due to high temperature exposure.
{"title":"Finite element modeling of bond behavior between heat-damaged concrete and carbon fiber-reinforced polymer sheets","authors":"Y. Obaidat, Wasim S. Barham, Shireen Z. Hayajneh","doi":"10.1080/24705314.2023.2168398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705314.2023.2168398","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this study, several finite element (FE) models were constructed and validated with data from experiments that focused on bond behavior between heat-damaged concrete and carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP). Different parameters as the compressive strength of concrete, CFRP width and length, number of CFRP layers (one, two and three layers) and heat exposure level were considered. A concrete block of 150 mm width, 150 mm height and 300 mm span length strengthened using different configurations of CFRP sheets was used to investigate the bond behavior by means of single shear test. The results show a good congruence with the investigated studies. The results of this study showed that beyond a temperature of 500°C, there was a considerable deterioration in bond properties between CFRP sheets and concrete. Also, a slight enhancement in ultimate bond load was noticed for some cases at temperature of 300°C, especially for concrete specimens having highest compressive strength at room temperature. Finally, numerical study was performed to develop modification factor to Diab and Farghal (2014) bond model to account for effects of damage of concrete due to high temperature exposure.","PeriodicalId":43844,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance","volume":"8 1","pages":"121 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43898403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/24705314.2023.2165749
D. Tran, P. Sancharoen, P. Klomjit, S. Tangtermsirikul, Thi Hai Yen Nguyen
ABSTRACT This study is to incorporate the time-dependent development of microstructures of cement-fly ash concrete into the evaluation of corrosion severity for newly constructed structures and existing structures. The electrical resistivity, corrosion potential, and corrosion rate were determined for twelve series of concrete mixtures prepared with various water-to-binder ratios, fly ash contents, and chloride contents. The time-dependent developments of cement-fly ash paste, including hydration degree, pozzolanic reaction degree, and capillary porosity, are adopted based on previous models. The correlation between the corrosion rate and the time-dependent developments was considered for the proposed equations. The experimental results indicate that low water-to-binder ratio concrete and fly ash concrete show a low corrosion rate of reinforcement. Because the microstructure of concrete became denser, represented by a high degree of hydration and low porosity. This phenomenon increases the corrosion resistance of concrete. Besides, the chloride ions can accelerate the corrosion rate of reinforcement. Its effects of corrosion acceleration are found to be different in fly ash concrete because the fly ash can capture free chloride ions.
{"title":"Prediction equations for corrosion rate of reinforcing steel in cement-fly ash concrete","authors":"D. Tran, P. Sancharoen, P. Klomjit, S. Tangtermsirikul, Thi Hai Yen Nguyen","doi":"10.1080/24705314.2023.2165749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705314.2023.2165749","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study is to incorporate the time-dependent development of microstructures of cement-fly ash concrete into the evaluation of corrosion severity for newly constructed structures and existing structures. The electrical resistivity, corrosion potential, and corrosion rate were determined for twelve series of concrete mixtures prepared with various water-to-binder ratios, fly ash contents, and chloride contents. The time-dependent developments of cement-fly ash paste, including hydration degree, pozzolanic reaction degree, and capillary porosity, are adopted based on previous models. The correlation between the corrosion rate and the time-dependent developments was considered for the proposed equations. The experimental results indicate that low water-to-binder ratio concrete and fly ash concrete show a low corrosion rate of reinforcement. Because the microstructure of concrete became denser, represented by a high degree of hydration and low porosity. This phenomenon increases the corrosion resistance of concrete. Besides, the chloride ions can accelerate the corrosion rate of reinforcement. Its effects of corrosion acceleration are found to be different in fly ash concrete because the fly ash can capture free chloride ions.","PeriodicalId":43844,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance","volume":"8 1","pages":"91 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42696965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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