Pub Date : 2023-07-12DOI: 10.1177/08438714231181754
T. Carter, John G. Williams, Hance D. Smith, Jennifer Protheroe-Jones, Annpurity W. John, S. Roberts
There was continuing public and political concern about the loss of life at sea during the second half of the nineteenth century in Britain. New regulatory requirements, introduced to examine the competence of officers, prevent overloading and reduce the risks from hazardous cargoes such as coal, were in place by 1890. However, the effectiveness of these measures was not systematically monitored at the time. This retrospective evaluation reviews subsequent loss of life in the coal trade, the largest sector of British exports by weight. Loss of life remained high; it was more dangerous to export a ton of coal than it was to mine it. Some routes, such as those around Cape Horn and to Scandinavia, carried the highest risk, and losses on European voyages were more common in winter. Over time, the risks reduced as sail gave way to steam and diesel propulsion, and as maritime communications improved.
{"title":"Loss of life at sea from shipping British coal since 1890","authors":"T. Carter, John G. Williams, Hance D. Smith, Jennifer Protheroe-Jones, Annpurity W. John, S. Roberts","doi":"10.1177/08438714231181754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08438714231181754","url":null,"abstract":"There was continuing public and political concern about the loss of life at sea during the second half of the nineteenth century in Britain. New regulatory requirements, introduced to examine the competence of officers, prevent overloading and reduce the risks from hazardous cargoes such as coal, were in place by 1890. However, the effectiveness of these measures was not systematically monitored at the time. This retrospective evaluation reviews subsequent loss of life in the coal trade, the largest sector of British exports by weight. Loss of life remained high; it was more dangerous to export a ton of coal than it was to mine it. Some routes, such as those around Cape Horn and to Scandinavia, carried the highest risk, and losses on European voyages were more common in winter. Over time, the risks reduced as sail gave way to steam and diesel propulsion, and as maritime communications improved.","PeriodicalId":43870,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Maritime History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47242615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2a.225
Dr. Sultan A Al-Maani
{"title":"Women's prohibitions during hajj season in Sabaic inscriptions","authors":"Dr. Sultan A Al-Maani","doi":"10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2a.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2a.225","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43870,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Maritime History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84053908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2a.228
Sadhana Singh
This paper delves into the rich and diverse cultural tapestry of Rajasthan, India, known as the 'Land of Kings.' It explores the multifaceted culture and folklore of Rajasthan, drawing insights from prominent scholars and works. Rajasthan's culture is a testament to the amalgamation of various ethnic groups, historical influences, and geographical conditions. The historical and geographical foundations of Rajasthan's culture are examined, highlighting the impact of Rajput rulers, the Mughal and Maratha empires, and the region's unique adaptation to its arid environment. The paper also explores the vibrant festivals, miniature paintings, puppetry, and Rajputi paintings that are integral to Rajasthan's cultural identity. Folklore and legends play a crucial role in Rajasthan's cultural landscape, from heroic ballads to moral-rich folktales. These narratives reflect the historical and social aspects of the region, contributing to its cultural identity. The paper also discusses the challenges faced by Rajasthan's traditional cultural expressions in the digital age and the importance of preserving and revitalizing this heritage. Initiatives like the Heritage Conservation and Development Board of Rajasthan aim to safeguard and promote the state's cultural treasures. In conclusion, Rajasthan's culture is a blend of history, art, folklore, and traditions that continue to shape the region's identity. It is imperative to ensure the preservation and revitalization of this cultural heritage for future generations. With the collective efforts of scholars, government initiatives, and enthusiastic volunteers, Rajasthan's rich culture can thrive in the 21st century and beyond.
{"title":"Unveiling the cultural tapestry of Rajasthan: History, folklore, and preservation","authors":"Sadhana Singh","doi":"10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2a.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2a.228","url":null,"abstract":"This paper delves into the rich and diverse cultural tapestry of Rajasthan, India, known as the 'Land of Kings.' It explores the multifaceted culture and folklore of Rajasthan, drawing insights from prominent scholars and works. Rajasthan's culture is a testament to the amalgamation of various ethnic groups, historical influences, and geographical conditions. The historical and geographical foundations of Rajasthan's culture are examined, highlighting the impact of Rajput rulers, the Mughal and Maratha empires, and the region's unique adaptation to its arid environment. The paper also explores the vibrant festivals, miniature paintings, puppetry, and Rajputi paintings that are integral to Rajasthan's cultural identity. Folklore and legends play a crucial role in Rajasthan's cultural landscape, from heroic ballads to moral-rich folktales. These narratives reflect the historical and social aspects of the region, contributing to its cultural identity. The paper also discusses the challenges faced by Rajasthan's traditional cultural expressions in the digital age and the importance of preserving and revitalizing this heritage. Initiatives like the Heritage Conservation and Development Board of Rajasthan aim to safeguard and promote the state's cultural treasures. In conclusion, Rajasthan's culture is a blend of history, art, folklore, and traditions that continue to shape the region's identity. It is imperative to ensure the preservation and revitalization of this cultural heritage for future generations. With the collective efforts of scholars, government initiatives, and enthusiastic volunteers, Rajasthan's rich culture can thrive in the 21st century and beyond.","PeriodicalId":43870,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Maritime History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135807231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2a.220
Mahir Khalifa-zade
The article considers the Sasanian King Khusraw I Anushirwan (Pahlavi: Xusrō I Anōšīrvān) reforms to improve the empire’s military and administrative architecture during the wars with Byzantium and the Turks. The author discusses the establishment of the region or kust-ī Ādurbādagān, which allowed the nomination of Arrān’s general. The author believes that it was a key element in the Sassanian strategy to enforce both central and military power in the defense sensitive Caucasia challenged by the Byzantium and nomads. The reforms pulled Arrān (Albania) to be closer to the Sasanian crown, enforcing the dynastic ties between Sasanian shāhanshāh and Arrānshāh. These reforms facilitated the incorporation of Arranian (Albanian) troops into the Sasanian Army under Ādurbādagān’s general command to shield Ērānšahr from the Khazar’s and Turk’s incursions. The author argues that the reform initiated the projecting of Ādurbādagān’s name, military, and administrative functions in Arrān forming a strong interrelationship between the southern and northern sides of the Araxes as the entire Ādurbādagān šahr. Since Late Antiquity, Ādurbādagān and Arrān became interchangeable names and were in use on the northern bank of the Araxes.
{"title":"Adurbadagan and arran (Caucasian albania) in the late sasanian period","authors":"Mahir Khalifa-zade","doi":"10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2a.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2a.220","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the Sasanian King Khusraw I Anushirwan (Pahlavi: Xusrō I Anōšīrvān) reforms to improve the empire’s military and administrative architecture during the wars with Byzantium and the Turks. The author discusses the establishment of the region or kust-ī Ādurbādagān, which allowed the nomination of Arrān’s general. The author believes that it was a key element in the Sassanian strategy to enforce both central and military power in the defense sensitive Caucasia challenged by the Byzantium and nomads. The reforms pulled Arrān (Albania) to be closer to the Sasanian crown, enforcing the dynastic ties between Sasanian shāhanshāh and Arrānshāh. These reforms facilitated the incorporation of Arranian (Albanian) troops into the Sasanian Army under Ādurbādagān’s general command to shield Ērānšahr from the Khazar’s and Turk’s incursions. The author argues that the reform initiated the projecting of Ādurbādagān’s name, military, and administrative functions in Arrān forming a strong interrelationship between the southern and northern sides of the Araxes as the entire Ādurbādagān šahr. Since Late Antiquity, Ādurbādagān and Arrān became interchangeable names and were in use on the northern bank of the Araxes.","PeriodicalId":43870,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Maritime History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73796019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2b.239
Ifunanya Ejimofor
By analyzing the profound consequences of cultural exchanges between Native Americans and European settlers in North America's Eastern Woodlands region, this study focuses on the formation of Native American women's identities, roles, and communities. The research examines the quick changes that occurred both before and after the arrival of European settlers in the late 15th century, as well as the intricate interweaving of Native American civilizations. By comparing the traditional roles, responsibilities, and social structures of Native American women with those of European women, this study sheds light on the complex interactions that arise from cultural variety.Before European settlers came, Native American women had significant roles in the Eastern Woodlands region's cultures. They administered clan and kinship structures, participated in agricultural production, and played important roles in spiritual and medicinal rituals. Their civilization was characterized by matrilineal descent systems, in which kinship and inheritance were traced through the female line. When European settlers arrived and confronted Native American traditions with new technology, religious teachings, and social structures, these established customs were upended.In order to adapt to the shifting environment, Native American women used a variety of strategies to engage in trade, diplomacy, and cross-cultural interactions. It examines the perseverance of Native American women in overcoming challenges such being forced off their land, epidemics, and missionary endeavors while negotiating the complexities of European colonialism. Their experiences are contrasted with those of European women, who brought with them their own distinctive social mores, beliefs, and practices to the New World. In navigating a rapidly changing cultural milieu, it emphasizes the Native American women's steadfast tenacity. It also examines how cultural traditions were blended, how indigenous knowledge was preserved, and how Native American women created new identities throughout the post-contact era. This study uses the Eastern Woodlands as a microcosm of the larger Native American experience to better comprehend the cultural diversity, adaptation, and persistence of indigenous women before and after the arrival of European settlers.
{"title":"Native American women's cultural diversity before and after the arrival of the White Man: A comparison between the Eastern Woodlands (North America) and European cultures","authors":"Ifunanya Ejimofor","doi":"10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2b.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2b.239","url":null,"abstract":"By analyzing the profound consequences of cultural exchanges between Native Americans and European settlers in North America's Eastern Woodlands region, this study focuses on the formation of Native American women's identities, roles, and communities. The research examines the quick changes that occurred both before and after the arrival of European settlers in the late 15th century, as well as the intricate interweaving of Native American civilizations. By comparing the traditional roles, responsibilities, and social structures of Native American women with those of European women, this study sheds light on the complex interactions that arise from cultural variety.Before European settlers came, Native American women had significant roles in the Eastern Woodlands region's cultures. They administered clan and kinship structures, participated in agricultural production, and played important roles in spiritual and medicinal rituals. Their civilization was characterized by matrilineal descent systems, in which kinship and inheritance were traced through the female line. When European settlers arrived and confronted Native American traditions with new technology, religious teachings, and social structures, these established customs were upended.In order to adapt to the shifting environment, Native American women used a variety of strategies to engage in trade, diplomacy, and cross-cultural interactions. It examines the perseverance of Native American women in overcoming challenges such being forced off their land, epidemics, and missionary endeavors while negotiating the complexities of European colonialism. Their experiences are contrasted with those of European women, who brought with them their own distinctive social mores, beliefs, and practices to the New World. In navigating a rapidly changing cultural milieu, it emphasizes the Native American women's steadfast tenacity. It also examines how cultural traditions were blended, how indigenous knowledge was preserved, and how Native American women created new identities throughout the post-contact era. This study uses the Eastern Woodlands as a microcosm of the larger Native American experience to better comprehend the cultural diversity, adaptation, and persistence of indigenous women before and after the arrival of European settlers.","PeriodicalId":43870,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Maritime History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135857933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2b.233
Garudea ., Bambang Soemardiono, Didit Novianto
A historical location, especially in urban areas, can experience degradation in its historical value over a long period of time due to development. Especially when there is no cultural heritage status. Until certain conditions are met, history becomes blurred. Especially when it is not documented and written down. In this research, physical elements of building facades are used to highlight the local historical value of that location. This research involves a case study of Alun-alun Contong in Surabaya, Indonesia, to reveal its local historical value. In the process, this research will weave existing historical stories with documentary evidence from photographs and physical buildings in the field. Comparative analysis is also needed to look at the context of the city's historical unity as well as validate the findings. Thus, the physical elements of building facades can help in archiving and narrating local history.
{"title":"Physical elements of building facades in narrating historical locality values: Case study in Alun-alun Contong, Surabaya, Indonesia","authors":"Garudea ., Bambang Soemardiono, Didit Novianto","doi":"10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2b.233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2b.233","url":null,"abstract":"A historical location, especially in urban areas, can experience degradation in its historical value over a long period of time due to development. Especially when there is no cultural heritage status. Until certain conditions are met, history becomes blurred. Especially when it is not documented and written down. In this research, physical elements of building facades are used to highlight the local historical value of that location. This research involves a case study of Alun-alun Contong in Surabaya, Indonesia, to reveal its local historical value. In the process, this research will weave existing historical stories with documentary evidence from photographs and physical buildings in the field. Comparative analysis is also needed to look at the context of the city's historical unity as well as validate the findings. Thus, the physical elements of building facades can help in archiving and narrating local history.","PeriodicalId":43870,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Maritime History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135812412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2a.217
Dr. T Balasubramanian, Dr. V Venkatraman
{"title":"V.V.S. IYER: The pioneer of militant nationalism in colonial Tamil Nadu","authors":"Dr. T Balasubramanian, Dr. V Venkatraman","doi":"10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2a.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2a.217","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43870,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Maritime History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85735604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2b.235
Iing Yulianti, Yeni Kurniawati
This article is intended to examine the existence and role of people of Arab descent in Indonesia. Arab descendants, as part of the population formed from a long migration process, are part of Indonesian society. There is a dynamic in the process of unification with the native Indonesian population, which is influenced by the conditions and political situation that occur. This paper was developed through the historical research methodology, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. This study is based on the importance of building a complete reconstruction of the role of all societal groups in Indonesian history. So far, existing studies have focused more on overseas Chinese or Chinese. In contrast, studies on other Peranakan groups, in this case Arabs, have rarely been the focus of study in history textbooks. This study attempts to examine, examine, and describe the role of Arab descendants in Indonesian history and how efforts were made in the integration process toward a complete identity as part of Indonesian citizens.
{"title":"Assimilation of Arab descendants in Indonesia in the process of national integration","authors":"Iing Yulianti, Yeni Kurniawati","doi":"10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2b.235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2b.235","url":null,"abstract":"This article is intended to examine the existence and role of people of Arab descent in Indonesia. Arab descendants, as part of the population formed from a long migration process, are part of Indonesian society. There is a dynamic in the process of unification with the native Indonesian population, which is influenced by the conditions and political situation that occur. This paper was developed through the historical research methodology, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. This study is based on the importance of building a complete reconstruction of the role of all societal groups in Indonesian history. So far, existing studies have focused more on overseas Chinese or Chinese. In contrast, studies on other Peranakan groups, in this case Arabs, have rarely been the focus of study in history textbooks. This study attempts to examine, examine, and describe the role of Arab descendants in Indonesian history and how efforts were made in the integration process toward a complete identity as part of Indonesian citizens.","PeriodicalId":43870,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Maritime History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135857426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2b.238
Dr. Nakhat Shaheen
The primary objective of the paper is to unravel the distinguishing valour and contribution of Veer Surendra Sai and his close associate Madho Singh to the 1857 Sambalpur Rebellion. Unlike any other great warriors like Mangal Pandey, Nana Sahib, Tantia Tope and many others; Surendra and Madho are yet to find the deserving tribute from the nation for which they sacrificed their lives. Madho Singh appears even more distinct in the context because he even let his four sons and other family members to fight for freedom and dignity of the people.
{"title":"Surendra Sai and Madho Singh: The great warriors of Sambalpur rebellion","authors":"Dr. Nakhat Shaheen","doi":"10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2b.238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2b.238","url":null,"abstract":"The primary objective of the paper is to unravel the distinguishing valour and contribution of Veer Surendra Sai and his close associate Madho Singh to the 1857 Sambalpur Rebellion. Unlike any other great warriors like Mangal Pandey, Nana Sahib, Tantia Tope and many others; Surendra and Madho are yet to find the deserving tribute from the nation for which they sacrificed their lives. Madho Singh appears even more distinct in the context because he even let his four sons and other family members to fight for freedom and dignity of the people.","PeriodicalId":43870,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Maritime History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135857934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2c.241
Dr. Daryn Graham
This article explores the ancient aboriginal practice of using fire to condition ecosystems, in order to produce food production and procurement. Primarily concerned is the use of fire to create ash, which acted as fertiliser, along with rainwater, in order to bring consistency and change to vegetation, and therefore the animals that fed upon them, and the ancient aboriginals that fed upon vegetation and animals through foraging and hunting. Also considered are typed of plants burned, for the purpose of producing specific types of ash as specific types of fertiliser, for specific types of plant growth. Considered throughout this article is the historical scenario that ancient aboriginals used these methods in order to deliberately manage the land, its vegetation, the animals that fed upon them, and the peoples that fed upon them.
{"title":"Ancient Australia: A land tamed by people and fire","authors":"Dr. Daryn Graham","doi":"10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2c.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/27069109.2023.v5.i2c.241","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the ancient aboriginal practice of using fire to condition ecosystems, in order to produce food production and procurement. Primarily concerned is the use of fire to create ash, which acted as fertiliser, along with rainwater, in order to bring consistency and change to vegetation, and therefore the animals that fed upon them, and the ancient aboriginals that fed upon vegetation and animals through foraging and hunting. Also considered are typed of plants burned, for the purpose of producing specific types of ash as specific types of fertiliser, for specific types of plant growth. Considered throughout this article is the historical scenario that ancient aboriginals used these methods in order to deliberately manage the land, its vegetation, the animals that fed upon them, and the peoples that fed upon them.","PeriodicalId":43870,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Maritime History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135857755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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