Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/17533171.2021.1938877
Diana Mudura
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Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/17533171.2021.1947026
S. Kitchen
References Graham, Shane. Cultural Entanglements: Langston Hughes and the Rise of African and Caribbean Literature. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2020. “Javits Sees U.S. Lag in ‘War’ of Culture.” New York Times (1923-Current File), September 3, 1962. https:// www-proquest-com.dist.lib.usu.edu/historical-newspapers/javits-sees-u-s-lag-war-culture/docview/ 116114569/se-2?accountid=14761 La Guma, Alex. Culture and Liberation: Exile Writings, 1966–1985, Ed. Christopher J. Lee. Kolkata: Seagull Books, 2021. Murphy, Kate, and Lucille Sherman. “Nikole Hannah-Jones considering Legal Action against UNC following Tenure Flap.” The News & Observer, May 27, 2021. https://www.newsobserver.com/news/local/education/ article251727288.html Popescu, Monica. At Penpoint: African Literatures, Postcolonial Studies, and the Cold War. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2020. Saunders, Frances Stonor. The Cultural Cold War: The CIA and the World of Arts and Letters. New York: The New Press, 1999.
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Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/17533171.2021.1924504
C. Prescott, N. Rees, Rebecca Weaver-Hightower
ABSTRACT This essay compares South Africa’s Voortrekker Monument and the US’s This is the Place monument, both built to commemorate cross-country settler movements, for how the two contemporaneous monuments memorialize the nineteenth-century historical event in the service of the racial politics of the twentieth century. While the Voortrekker monument’s relief sculptures represent Black Africans as savages and intractable impediments to civilization, the This is the Place monument denies race as a factor in settlement, thus attempting to absolve settlers of the racially motivated violence that attended their colonization of the Great Basin. Perched on hilltops towering over their respective settler communities, both monuments similarly draw from the language of Beaux Arts classicism to venerate their subjects as civilizing heroes amid the chaos of Western colonialism and through comparison, we can see how both assert the colonizers’ race and religion as offering a divine sanction to their acts of conquest.
本文比较了南非的Voortrekker纪念碑和美国的This is the Place纪念碑,这两个纪念碑都是为了纪念越野移民运动而建造的,为了纪念19世纪的历史事件,这两个纪念碑是如何为20世纪的种族政治服务的。Voortrekker纪念碑的浮雕将非洲黑人描绘成野蛮人,是文明的顽固障碍,而This is the Place纪念碑否认种族是定居的一个因素,因此试图免除定居者在殖民大盆地时出于种族动机的暴力。两座纪念碑都坐落在各自的定居者社区之上的山顶上,它们同样借鉴了美术古典主义的语言,将它们的主体视为西方殖民主义混乱中的文明英雄,通过比较,我们可以看到它们是如何宣称殖民者的种族和宗教为他们的征服行为提供了神圣的认可。
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Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/17533171.2021.1943875
S. Graham
Throughout the writing of my book Cultural Entanglements: Langston Hughes and the Rise of African and Caribbean Literature, certain questions lurked irritatingly in the margins. The American writer Langston Hughes, I argued, spent his life cultivating networks of mutual support, promotion, translation, and influence across the pan-African world. But I also recognized that these efforts were ineluctably entangled (to use the book’s central metaphor) with systems of commodification and cultural exchange within a global capitalist system. What I had a harder time answering was the precise degree to which Hughes and the African and Caribbean writers in his orbit were knowingly complicit in the Anglo-American side of the “cultural Cold War.” When Hughes agreed to participate in and co-organize the conference sponsored by the American Society of African Culture (AMSAC) in Lagos, Nigeria, in 1961, or when he connected young African writers to the radio programs produced by the Transcription Centre in London, did he have any suspicion that both institutions were covertly funded by the CIA? When Es’kia Mphahlele moved to Paris in 1961 to become Director of the African Program at the Congress for Cultural Freedom, did he know that it, too, was a front for the CIA’s campaign to win “hearts and minds” in the decolonizing nations of Africa and Asia? The series of articles in the New York Times that revealed these connections was published in April 1966, just over a year before Hughes’s death; was he caught by surprise, or merely caught? After all, many critics, in Hughes’s time and since, have speculated that the series of lecture tours he gave in Europe in the 1960s, sponsored by the US Department of State, was part of an agreement Hughes might have reached with American authorities to promote US interests in exchange for not being blacklisted or further persecuted following his appearance before Joseph McCarthy’s senate subcommittee in 1953. How deep did these entanglements go? I found nothing in the archival record to answer these questions definitively, and they were ultimately peripheral to my argument, but I was haunted by the knowledge that their answers could change the way we think about these writers. I begin my review of Cedric Tolliver’s erudite and masterful book Of Vagabonds and Travelers with this account of some blind spots in my own book for a reason: I sorely wish I could have read Tolliver before I finished Cultural Entanglements. While he does not answer the particular questions I pose above, he does offer a framework for understanding the tensions and pressures that Hughes and other African diaspora writers of the early Cold War period had to navigate. Black writers who declined to challenge the agenda of anti-communism and racial liberalism were rewarded with opportunities to publish, have their work promoted, and win awards, effectively drowning out the voices of more radical critics who insisted that racism was woven into the basic fab
在我写《文化纠集:兰斯顿·休斯与非洲和加勒比文学的兴起》这本书的过程中,有些问题令人恼火地隐藏在书的边缘。我认为,美国作家兰斯顿·休斯(Langston Hughes)终其一生致力于在泛非世界建立相互支持、推广、翻译和影响的网络。但我也认识到,这些努力不可避免地与全球资本主义体系中的商品化体系和文化交流体系纠缠在一起(用这本书的中心隐喻来说)。我很难回答的问题是,休斯和他周围的非洲和加勒比作家在“文化冷战”的英美方面,在多大程度上是故意串通一通的。1961年,当休斯同意参加并共同组织由美国非洲文化协会(AMSAC)在尼日利亚拉各斯主办的会议时,或者当他将年轻的非洲作家与伦敦转录中心制作的广播节目联系起来时,他是否怀疑这两个机构都是由中央情报局秘密资助的?当埃斯奇亚·法赫莱1961年搬到巴黎担任文化自由大会非洲项目主任时,他知道这也是中央情报局赢得亚非非殖民化国家“民心”运动的前线吗?1966年4月,就在休斯去世前一年多,《纽约时报》发表了一系列揭露这些联系的文章;他是出其不意,还是只是被抓住了?毕竟,在休斯的时代和之后,许多批评者都推测,他在20世纪60年代在欧洲进行的由美国国务院赞助的一系列巡回演讲,可能是休斯与美国当局达成协议的一部分,目的是促进美国的利益,以换取他在1953年出席约瑟夫·麦卡锡(Joseph McCarthy)的参议院小组委员会听证会后不被列入黑名单或进一步受到迫害。这些纠缠有多深?我在档案记录中找不到任何能明确回答这些问题的东西,它们最终与我的论点无关,但我意识到,它们的答案可能会改变我们对这些作家的看法。我在评论塞德里克·托利弗(Cedric Tolliver)博学多才的巨著《流浪者与旅行者》(of Vagabonds and Travelers)时,首先提到了我自己书中的一些盲点,这是有原因的:我非常希望在读完《文化纠葛》之前就能读到托利弗。虽然他没有回答我在上面提出的具体问题,但他确实提供了一个框架来理解休斯和其他冷战早期非洲散居作家必须应对的紧张和压力。那些拒绝挑战反共产主义和种族自由主义议程的黑人作家得到了发表作品的机会,他们的作品得到了推广,并获得了奖项,有效地淹没了更激进的批评者的声音,他们坚持认为种族主义是资本主义和帝国主义的基本结构。反对反共“文化阵线”的作家“遭到同辈的蔑视”;由于他们拒绝接受新形势的纪律,他们被视为纯粹的流浪汉,并被方便地贴上了共产主义同路人的标签。托利弗并没有试图掩饰他对这些非洲流散文化产品的流浪者的钦佩,他们用边缘化的艺术表达了对右翼反共主义及其对种族自由主义的让步的基本批评和另一种看法。
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Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/17533171.2021.1943847
Namrata Dey Roy
ABSTRACT Sindiwe Magona’s Mother to Mother, a fictional rendition of Amy Biehl’s murder, has been analyzed as a text that challenges the TRC’s reconciliatory philosophy, generates an empathetic dialogue across the color line, and reclaims the subdued maternal identity and voice. However, Mandisa’s narrative throws light on the condition of motherhood in apartheid South Africa. Examining Mandisa’s position as a girl, woman, and mother through a Foucauldian biopolitical lens, this paper argues that Mandisa’s story reveals the biopolitical construction of motherhood at a crucial historical juncture of South Africa. This analysis reveals that the novel is not a mere maternal testimony; rather, the narrative elucidates the creation of the docile bodies of black women under structural oppression and discursive regulation.
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Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17533171.2020.1869383
Bridget Grogan
ABSTRACT Niq Mhlongo’s use of scatology in Dog Eat Dog foregrounds his exploration of the temporal affects of disillusionment and disappointment. Drawing together critical and theoretical writing on affect, scatology, the postcolony, and abjection, this article contends that corporeality is symbolically and politically significant in the postapartheid imaginary. This significance is evident throughout Dog Eat Dog, especially in two episodes set in university toilets, which explore through corporeal imagery the topics of racial abjection, vulnerability, and exclusion in postapartheid South Africa. The article draws attention to the affective and political aspects of Mhlongo’s excremental postapartheid vision, a feature of his (and others’) writing which should not be dismissed, for example, as extraneous or merely comic detail. Implicit in the argument is the call for nuanced readings in postapartheid literature of the body and its processes; these representations of corporeality often signal political inequality and exclusion within the social body itself.
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Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17533171.2020.1841464
D. Roux
massive Loosing the Bonds, which also chronicles relations between the United States and South Africa over centuries in at-times excruciating detail. (It was also written by a former anti-apartheid activist and weighs in at 895 pages.) While both books are clearly works of personal passion – White Supremacy Confronted is a book that Horne has been building toward his entire life – for the reader, more often than not, less is more. Regardless, Horne’s work is an important contribution, exploring the myriad ways in which communism and anti-communism became entangled in the long struggle for liberation in southern Africa.
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Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17533171.2021.1876972
S. Graham
The year 2020 was one of loss and mourning for most all of us. That feeling is compounded for us at Safundi by the departure of our Lead Editor. It is hard to convey how important Andrew van der Vlies has been to the operations and the identity of Safundi for more than a decade. Having spent three years as Reviews editor, he became one of the coeditors in 2010, and then stepped into the role of Lead Editor in 2014 when the founding editor, Andrew Offenburger, resigned. Now Andrew van der Vlies in turn is stepping down from the editorial team as he prepares for a move to Australia to take up a professorship at the University of Adelaide. In her moving address to the African Literature Association annual meeting in 2018, Carli Coetzee borrowed the metaphor of “holding the door open for others” for thinking about the ethics of journal editing and
对我们大多数人来说,2020年是失去和哀悼的一年。我们首席编辑的离职使我们在《萨芬迪》的这种感觉更加复杂。在过去的十多年里,很难表达安德鲁·范德弗利斯对萨凡迪的经营和身份有多重要。在担任《评论》编辑三年之后,他于2010年成为联合编辑之一,并于2014年创始编辑安德鲁·奥芬伯格辞职后担任主编。现在,安德鲁·范德弗利斯(Andrew van der Vlies)也将退出编辑团队,准备前往澳大利亚阿德莱德大学(University of Adelaide)担任教授。在2018年非洲文学协会(African Literature Association)年会上的感人演讲中,卡莉·库切(Carli Coetzee)借用了“为他人敞开大门”的比喻,来思考期刊编辑的道德规范
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Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17533171.2021.1874095
Carolyn Ownbey
ABSTRACT For South African author Mongane Wally Serote, art and activism can only operate in tandem. In the 1970s and 1980s, Serote took leadership roles in revolutionary and anti-apartheid organizations and movements, and in his writing and in these activist roles he mobilizes the one as a means to achieve the ends of the other. In his novel To Every Birth Its Blood, he uses narrative to experiment with chronology and perspective, and explore the physical spaces of township, exile, and state in ways that challenge the apartheid regime’s authority to regulate the lives of South Africans. Serote deploys the novel form against apartheid’s policies, social organization, and legacy. Through this work, he indicts the regime for human rights abuses, and imagines a new world order shaped by inclusive forms of community that carry forward the fight for equal rights.
{"title":"Culture and activism: Mongane Wally Serote’s To Every Birth Its Blood","authors":"Carolyn Ownbey","doi":"10.1080/17533171.2021.1874095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17533171.2021.1874095","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT For South African author Mongane Wally Serote, art and activism can only operate in tandem. In the 1970s and 1980s, Serote took leadership roles in revolutionary and anti-apartheid organizations and movements, and in his writing and in these activist roles he mobilizes the one as a means to achieve the ends of the other. In his novel To Every Birth Its Blood, he uses narrative to experiment with chronology and perspective, and explore the physical spaces of township, exile, and state in ways that challenge the apartheid regime’s authority to regulate the lives of South Africans. Serote deploys the novel form against apartheid’s policies, social organization, and legacy. Through this work, he indicts the regime for human rights abuses, and imagines a new world order shaped by inclusive forms of community that carry forward the fight for equal rights.","PeriodicalId":43901,"journal":{"name":"Safundi-The Journal of South African and American Studies","volume":"238 1","pages":"80 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75901687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17533171.2021.1885121
E. Morgan
{"title":"White supremacy confronted: U.S. imperialism and anti-communism vs. the liberation of Southern Africa, from Rhodes to Mandela","authors":"E. Morgan","doi":"10.1080/17533171.2021.1885121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17533171.2021.1885121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43901,"journal":{"name":"Safundi-The Journal of South African and American Studies","volume":"55 1","pages":"97 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81171053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}