Pub Date : 2015-12-30DOI: 10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.23
N. Conti
Vincenzo Chiarugi was director of St Boniface’s Hospital between 1788 and 1818.Based on his experiences in this institution he produced two works we now centuria di osservazioni, published in 1793, where madness is treated as a unity centered in the term pazzia, which can present three clinical aspects: melancholy, mania and amencia, that remind us largely of Pinel’s alienation. Also, in pazzia we find the firstreference to the conception of mental illness as a clinical and evolutive entity, and 2) The Regulation of Boniface, published in 1789, where he exposes the institutional and legal aspects of pazzia. From the analysis of both works we believe we can state that Chiarugi’s conception is at the basis of modern psychiatry disciplinary matrix.
Vincenzo Chiarugi在1788年到1818年间是圣博尼法斯医院的院长。根据他在这个机构的经历，他创作了两本著作，我们现在称之为《百年观察》，出版于1793年，在这本书中，疯癫被视为一种统一，以帕齐亚一词为中心，它可以表现出三个临床方面:忧郁，躁狂和失忆，这在很大程度上提醒我们皮内尔的异化。此外，在帕齐亚中，我们发现了精神疾病作为一种临床和进化实体的概念的第一次引用。2)出版于1789年的《博尼法斯条例》(Regulation of Boniface)，在那里他揭露了帕齐亚的制度和法律方面。通过对这两部作品的分析，我们认为我们可以指出，Chiarugi的概念是现代精神病学学科矩阵的基础。
{"title":"Vincenzo Chiarugi: La pazzia y el Reglamento de Bonifacio en los orígenes de la psiquiatría moderna","authors":"N. Conti","doi":"10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.23","url":null,"abstract":"Vincenzo Chiarugi was director of St Boniface’s Hospital between 1788 and 1818.Based on his experiences in this institution he produced two works we now centuria di osservazioni, published in 1793, where madness is treated as a unity centered in the term pazzia, which can present three clinical aspects: melancholy, mania and amencia, that remind us largely of Pinel’s alienation. Also, in pazzia we find the firstreference to the conception of mental illness as a clinical and evolutive entity, and 2) The Regulation of Boniface, published in 1789, where he exposes the institutional and legal aspects of pazzia. From the analysis of both works we believe we can state that Chiarugi’s conception is at the basis of modern psychiatry disciplinary matrix.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":"13 1","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82071689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-30DOI: 10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.29
Luis Ángel Sánchez Gómez
El articulo estudia los museos anatomicos organizados por el doctor Pedro Gonzalez Velasco en dos de sus domicilios particulares en el Madrid decimononico. Se revisan las circunstancias que hacen posible su creacion, vinculadas tanto con el estudio y la docencia de la anatomia como con los proyectos politicos de regeneracion y modernizacion de la Medicina espanola que trata de poner en marcha su propietario. Se comentan sus singulares colecciones (de anatomia, teratologia, zoologia, etnografia y curiosidades diversas) y se analiza la proyeccion docente y sociopolitica de ambos centros, sin cuya existencia no hubiera sido posible que Velasco construyera poco despues su gran Museo Antropologico, sede del actual Museo Nacional de Antropologia en Madrid.
{"title":"Una momia en el salón. Los museos anatómicos domésticos del doctor Velasco (1854-1874)","authors":"Luis Ángel Sánchez Gómez","doi":"10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.29","url":null,"abstract":"El articulo estudia los museos anatomicos organizados por el doctor Pedro Gonzalez Velasco en dos de sus domicilios particulares en el Madrid decimononico. Se revisan las circunstancias que hacen posible su creacion, vinculadas tanto con el estudio y la docencia de la anatomia como con los proyectos politicos de regeneracion y modernizacion de la Medicina espanola que trata de poner en marcha su propietario. Se comentan sus singulares colecciones (de anatomia, teratologia, zoologia, etnografia y curiosidades diversas) y se analiza la proyeccion docente y sociopolitica de ambos centros, sin cuya existencia no hubiera sido posible que Velasco construyera poco despues su gran Museo Antropologico, sede del actual Museo Nacional de Antropologia en Madrid.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":"44 1","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73709267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-30DOI: 10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.32
Marco Antonio León, M. R. Gómez
This paper seeks to explore the relationship between the State and abnormality in Santiago of Chile through a specific category as it was the abnormal childhood, both in the discursive and institutional levels, took greater definition and organization since the beginning of the decade of 1920 until the mid-1940s. Apart from changes in the State criteria that took place, you can see the survival of preventive logic and control along with other protective and assistance on legislation and the institutions created. Highlights the role of medicine and pedagogy in this area, and in particular the role of this last in the generation of an assimilable citizenship to the industrial and nation projects.
{"title":"Construyendo al futuro ser social: Intervenciones médicas y pedagógicas en la infancia anormal. Santiago de Chile, 1920-1943","authors":"Marco Antonio León, M. R. Gómez","doi":"10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.32","url":null,"abstract":"This paper seeks to explore the relationship between the State and abnormality in Santiago of Chile through a specific category as it was the abnormal childhood, both in the discursive and institutional levels, took greater definition and organization since the beginning of the decade of 1920 until the mid-1940s. Apart from changes in the State criteria that took place, you can see the survival of preventive logic and control along with other protective and assistance on legislation and the institutions created. Highlights the role of medicine and pedagogy in this area, and in particular the role of this last in the generation of an assimilable citizenship to the industrial and nation projects.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":"45 1","pages":"114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75614323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-30DOI: 10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.17
J. A. U. Salas
{"title":"Introducción: Las Ciencias de la Tierra y la historia de la geología en México","authors":"J. A. U. Salas","doi":"10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":"15 1","pages":"099"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84739996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-30DOI: 10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.19
L. F. Azuela
During Maximilian’s Empire, Mexican science experimented changes both in its general perspectives and its methodological outlook, due to scientific interaction among the local scientific community and foreign scientists. Maximilian encouraged local scientists to continue working in their ongoing projects, and invited others to participate in new scientific endeavors. Simultaneously, Napoleon III instructed the French Institute to organize a scientific expedition in order to study different aspects of the new Empire. Geological research stood out among the goals of the French expedition, and it was initiated taking into consideration several geological studies made by European travelers during the first half of the century. This paper will describe the main features of such investigations and will analyze the expedition’s goals and accomplishments during its brief sojourn in Mexico.
{"title":"La investigación geológica en la comisión científica de México","authors":"L. F. Azuela","doi":"10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.19","url":null,"abstract":"During Maximilian’s Empire, Mexican science experimented changes both in its general perspectives and its methodological outlook, due to scientific interaction among the local scientific community and foreign scientists. Maximilian encouraged local scientists to continue working in their ongoing projects, and invited others to participate in new scientific endeavors. Simultaneously, Napoleon III instructed the French Institute to organize a scientific expedition in order to study different aspects of the new Empire. Geological research stood out among the goals of the French expedition, and it was initiated taking into consideration several geological studies made by European travelers during the first half of the century. This paper will describe the main features of such investigations and will analyze the expedition’s goals and accomplishments during its brief sojourn in Mexico.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":"11 1","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88742206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-30DOI: 10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.31
E. Ausejo, F. Sánchez
This paper studies the foundations of infinitesimal calculus in the work of Jose Mariano Vallejo (1779-1846), the most influential mathematician in Spanish during the first half of the 19th century. For this purpose, the analytical foundations of his three main works related to infinitesimal calculus are considered: Memoria sobre la curvatura de las lineas en sus diferentes puntos, sobre el radio de curvatura y sobre las evolutas (1807), and the two editions (1813 and 1832) of the volume of his Tratado Elemental de Matematicas devoted to calculus. The study shows the evolutionary dynamics of Vallejo’s thought, following the European leading references in the development of mathematical analysis in his time, and how Vallejo combines the successive influence of Lagrange, Lacroix, and Cauchy, according to criteria of educational adequacy and mathematical rigor. In particular, the influences and discrepancies on infinitesimal calculus between Vallejo’s Treatise (1813) and Lacroix’ Traite elementaire de calcul differentiel et de calcul integral (1802) are determined, as well as the scope of the introduction of Cauchy’s ideas, that were published for the first time in Spain in the second edition of the volume on infinitesimal calculus of Vallejo’s Treatise (1832).
本文研究了19世纪上半叶西班牙最具影响力的数学家何塞·马里亚诺·巴列霍(1779-1846)著作中无限小微积分的基础。为此，我们考虑了他的三部与微积分有关的主要著作的分析基础:《曲率的记忆》(Memoria sobre la curvatura de las linas en sus differentials)、《曲率的无线电》(sobre el radio de curatura y sobre las evolutas)(1807)和他的《数学基础》(Tratado elementary de mathematicas)的两个版本(1813年和1832年)。该研究显示了巴列霍思想的进化动态，遵循了他那个时代欧洲数学分析发展的主要参考，以及巴列霍如何根据教育充分性和数学严谨性的标准，将拉格朗日、拉克鲁瓦和柯西的连续影响结合起来。特别地，确定了Vallejo ' s Treatise(1813)和Lacroix ' Traite elementaire de calcaldifferentiel et de calcalintegral(1802)对无穷小微积分的影响和差异，以及在Vallejo ' s Treatise的无穷小微积分卷的第二版(1832)中首次在西班牙发表的柯西思想的介绍范围。
{"title":"De Lacroix a Cauchy: La fundamentación del cálculo infinitesimal en José Mariano Vallejo (1807-1832)","authors":"E. Ausejo, F. Sánchez","doi":"10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.31","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the foundations of infinitesimal calculus in the work of Jose Mariano Vallejo (1779-1846), the most influential mathematician in Spanish during the first half of the 19th century. For this purpose, the analytical foundations of his three main works related to infinitesimal calculus are considered: Memoria sobre la curvatura de las lineas en sus diferentes puntos, sobre el radio de curvatura y sobre las evolutas (1807), and the two editions (1813 and 1832) of the volume of his Tratado Elemental de Matematicas devoted to calculus. The study shows the evolutionary dynamics of Vallejo’s thought, following the European leading references in the development of mathematical analysis in his time, and how Vallejo combines the successive influence of Lagrange, Lacroix, and Cauchy, according to criteria of educational adequacy and mathematical rigor. In particular, the influences and discrepancies on infinitesimal calculus between Vallejo’s Treatise (1813) and Lacroix’ Traite elementaire de calcul differentiel et de calcul integral (1802) are determined, as well as the scope of the introduction of Cauchy’s ideas, that were published for the first time in Spain in the second edition of the volume on infinitesimal calculus of Vallejo’s Treatise (1832).","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":"16 1","pages":"113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87907592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-30DOI: 10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.01
Leida Fernández Prieto
{"title":"Introducción. Ciencia, agricultura y saberes locales en América latina y el Caribe: nuevas perspectivas","authors":"Leida Fernández Prieto","doi":"10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":"53 1","pages":"075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74663524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-30DOI: 10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.04
R. Marquese
The article analyses the landscape and labor management devices adopted in the nineteenth-century Paraiba Valley slave coffee plantations. It argues that the presence of an enormous mass of enslaved Africans in a turbulent local and global conjuncture framed by world competition between different coffee producers and increasing slave resistance led planters to adopt measures of landscape management that closely restricted slave autonomy in the labor process as they tried to extract the maxim amount of labor from the slaves. The outcome of these forms of landscape and labor management was a process of unprecedented environmental devastation. At the time of slavery crisis in the 1880s, these historical patterns turned against slaveholders, who however managed to maintain dominion over the land by means of a specific reconfiguration of the forms of agronomic exploitation.
{"title":"Paisaje, esclavitud y medio ambiente en la economía cafetalera brasileña: Vale do Paraiba, Siglo XIX","authors":"R. Marquese","doi":"10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.04","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the landscape and labor management devices adopted in the nineteenth-century Paraiba Valley slave coffee plantations. It argues that the presence of an enormous mass of enslaved Africans in a turbulent local and global conjuncture framed by world competition between different coffee producers and increasing slave resistance led planters to adopt measures of landscape management that closely restricted slave autonomy in the labor process as they tried to extract the maxim amount of labor from the slaves. The outcome of these forms of landscape and labor management was a process of unprecedented environmental devastation. At the time of slavery crisis in the 1880s, these historical patterns turned against slaveholders, who however managed to maintain dominion over the land by means of a specific reconfiguration of the forms of agronomic exploitation.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":"26 1","pages":"078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72612561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-30DOI: 10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.13
Margarita Vilar Rodríguez, Jerònia Pons Pons
For reasons of political strategy, the Franco dictatorship sought to have an influence in matters of social insurance, especially sickness coverage, in Latin American countries during the 1940s and 1950s. The results of this collaboration were mediocre in practice and led to little real progress, apart from imitating management institutions and some actuarial and statistical training courses. This failure was due to a large extent to the backwardness and weakness of the Franco dictatorship’s own model of health care provision, stifled by a chronic financial deficit and with serious shortcomings in both coverage of the population and provisions offered. Beginning in the 1960s, once the stage of isolation and autarky was overcome, the Francoist authorities reduced their interest in the Latin American strategy and started to look towards Europe.
{"title":"La extensión del seguro de salud en Iberoamérica: una estrategia de política exterior del franquismo en la inmediata posguerra (1942-1959)","authors":"Margarita Vilar Rodríguez, Jerònia Pons Pons","doi":"10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.13","url":null,"abstract":"For reasons of political strategy, the Franco dictatorship sought to have an influence in matters of social insurance, especially sickness coverage, in Latin American countries during the 1940s and 1950s. The results of this collaboration were mediocre in practice and led to little real progress, apart from imitating management institutions and some actuarial and statistical training courses. This failure was due to a large extent to the backwardness and weakness of the Franco dictatorship’s own model of health care provision, stifled by a chronic financial deficit and with serious shortcomings in both coverage of the population and provisions offered. Beginning in the 1960s, once the stage of isolation and autarky was overcome, the Francoist authorities reduced their interest in the Latin American strategy and started to look towards Europe.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":"22 1","pages":"087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87529384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-30DOI: 10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.11
J. L. González, J. Gómez
The biographical career of the physician Jose Sanchez Pozuelos and his contribution to the medical journalism in the first third of the twentieth century have been studied. In Murcia, as in the rest of Spain, this was a period of cultural and scientific excellence manifested, among other things, by the publication of many medical journals with the aim of disseminating the most relevant scientific production, the national as well as the foreign one. In this context, doctor Jose Sanchez Pozuelos who was belonging to the bourgeoisie that held the political local power and was also identified with conservative and religious ideologies as well as concerned with overcoming the backwardness of his homeland, founded and directed Murcia Medica (1915-1918) and Estudios Medicos (1920, 1924-1934). Both journals became the disseminating tool for the activity of the Murcia´s Royal Academy of Medicine, but also for other Spanish professionals and for the most relevant papers from various national and international publications; Estudios Medicos also came to be the Spanish medical journal with the largest circulation. The atmosphere of social unrest that preceded the military uprising of 1936 and the war that followed it truncated the development of these publications and the careers of the professionals that promoted them.
{"title":"El periodismo médico en la periferia española durante el primer tercio del siglo XX: Aproximación a la biografía y obra de José Sánchez Pozuelos (Murcia, c. 1885 - 1936)","authors":"J. L. González, J. Gómez","doi":"10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ASCLEPIO.2015.11","url":null,"abstract":"The biographical career of the physician Jose Sanchez Pozuelos and his contribution to the medical journalism in the first third of the twentieth century have been studied. In Murcia, as in the rest of Spain, this was a period of cultural and scientific excellence manifested, among other things, by the publication of many medical journals with the aim of disseminating the most relevant scientific production, the national as well as the foreign one. In this context, doctor Jose Sanchez Pozuelos who was belonging to the bourgeoisie that held the political local power and was also identified with conservative and religious ideologies as well as concerned with overcoming the backwardness of his homeland, founded and directed Murcia Medica (1915-1918) and Estudios Medicos (1920, 1924-1934). Both journals became the disseminating tool for the activity of the Murcia´s Royal Academy of Medicine, but also for other Spanish professionals and for the most relevant papers from various national and international publications; Estudios Medicos also came to be the Spanish medical journal with the largest circulation. The atmosphere of social unrest that preceded the military uprising of 1936 and the war that followed it truncated the development of these publications and the careers of the professionals that promoted them.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":"1 1","pages":"085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82831508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：