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Unique Calendar Effects in the Indian Stock Market: Evidence and Explanations 印度股市独特的日历效应:证据与解释
IF 1.5 Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2019-04-09 DOI: 10.1177/0972652719831549
Harshita, Shveta Singh, Surendra S. Yadav
Covering 20 years (1995–2015), the article ascertains the presence of the month-of-the-year effect in the Indian stock market, for the raw returns series as well as after adjusting for non-linearities of the market. Whether the effect is the same for portfolios of different sizes and values is also ascertained. The threshold generalised autoregressive conditionally heteroskedastic (TGARCH) model is employed to address non-linearity. The results suggest the presence of higher returns in November/December at the index level. Further, only firms with a size smaller than the average exhibit seasonality in the form of the April/May and November/December effect. The value-sorted portfolios exhibit weaker evidence of the December effect. Tax-loss selling, window dressing and behavioural aspects seem to provide the explanation. JEL Classification: C58, G14
文章涵盖了20年(1995-2015年),确定了印度股市中存在的月度效应,包括原始回报率系列以及市场非线性调整后的月度效应。对于不同规模和价值的投资组合,效果是否相同也有待确定。采用阈值广义自回归条件异方差(TGARCH)模型来解决非线性问题。结果表明,在指数水平上,11月/12月的回报率较高。此外,只有规模小于平均水平的公司才会表现出4月/5月和11月/12月效应的季节性。价值排序的投资组合显示出12月效应的较弱证据。税务损失销售、橱窗装饰和行为方面似乎提供了解释。JEL分类:C58、G14
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引用次数: 7
Four-moment CAPM Model: Evidence from the Indian Stock Market 四时刻CAPM模型:来自印度股市的证据
IF 1.5 Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2019-04-09 DOI: 10.1177/0972652719831564
Dheeraj Misra, Sushma Vishnani, Ankit Mehrotra
This study aims at analysing the impact of co-skewness and co-kurtosis on the returns of the Indian stocks by incorporating co-skewness and co-kurtosis in the traditional capital asset pricing model (CAPM) of Sharpe, in a three-factor model of Fama and French and in a four-factor model of Carhart. The results of the study show that co-skewness and co-kurtosis have significant impact on the returns of the Indian stock. However, the impact of co-skewness is higher than co-kurtosis. JEL Classification: G11, G12
本研究旨在通过在Sharpe的传统资本资产定价模型(CAPM)、Fama和French的三因素模型以及Carhart的四因素模型中引入协偏和协峰度,分析协偏和共峰度对印度股票收益的影响。研究结果表明,共偏度和共峰度对印度股票的收益率有显著影响。然而,共偏度的影响高于共峰度。JEL分类:G11、G12
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引用次数: 1
Threshold Effect of Bank-specific Determinants of Non-performing Assets: An Application in Indian Banking 不良资产银行特定决定因素的阈值效应:在印度银行业的应用
IF 1.5 Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2019-04-09 DOI: 10.1177/0972652719831546
Samaresh Bardhan, Rajesh Sharma, Vivek Mukherjee
The article investigates role of bank-specific factors on non-performing assets (NPAs) in Indian banking system in a panel threshold framework (Hansen, 1999, Journal of Econometrics, 93(2), 345–368), using an unbalanced panel of 82 scheduled commercial banks over the period of 1995–1996 to 2010–2011. We consider capital to risk-weighted assets ratio (CRAR) and credit growth as alternative threshold variables (and regime dependent) along with relevant bank-specific variables treated as regime independent. Findings reveal that CRAR exerts negative and significant impact on NPAs once it reaches a critical threshold. Possible implication is that banks extend less risky loans in a high CRAR regime than in low CRAR regime that helps reduce NPAs. With credit growth as threshold as well as regime dependent, we observe statistically significant non-linear effect of credit growth on NPAs. Beyond threshold, credit growth exerts significant negative effect on NPAs that may imply that banks extend good quality loans. However, we cannot rule out the possibility of evidence of ‘ever-greening hypothesis’ of bad debts in Indian banking, that is, banks just roll over previous bad debts into fresh performing loans. JEL Classification: G21, G28, C13, C33
本文在面板阈值框架中调查了印度银行系统中银行特定因素对不良资产的作用(Hansen,1999,Journal of Econometrics,93(2),345-368),使用了1995-1996年至2010-2011年期间82家计划商业银行的不平衡面板。我们将资本与风险加权资产比率(CRAR)和信贷增长视为替代阈值变量(和制度相关),并将相关银行特定变量视为制度独立变量。研究结果表明,一旦达到临界阈值,CRAR就会对NPA产生负面和显著的影响。可能的含义是,银行在高CRAR制度下发放的贷款风险比低CRAR制度低,这有助于减少不良贷款。在以信贷增长为阈值和制度依赖的情况下,我们观察到信贷增长对NPA的非线性影响具有统计学意义。超过阈值,信贷增长对不良贷款产生了显著的负面影响,这可能意味着银行提供了高质量的贷款。然而,我们不能排除印度银行业存在坏账“不断绿化假说”的可能性,即银行只是将以前的坏账展期为新的表现良好的贷款。JEL分类:G21、G28、C13、C33
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引用次数: 6
Do Country ETFs Influence Foreign Stock Market Index? Evidence from India ETFs 国家交易所交易基金对国外股市指数有影响吗?来自印度etf的证据
IF 1.5 Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2019-04-09 DOI: 10.1177/0972652719831550
S. Narend, M. Thenmozhi
We examine the influence of country exchange traded funds (ETFs) on the country’s stock market indices, irrespective of their underlying benchmark. A pooled ordinary least square (OLS) analysis of a sample of 28 India ETFs listed in the US, UK, Canada, France, Japan, Israel and Singapore reveals that India ETFs have a significant impact on the country’s stock indices. We also document reverse causal dynamics between country ETFs and the country’s stock indices. The results are robust even after controlling for global effects, stock market volatility, foreign institutional investor (FII) flows, foreign exchange rate and asset size of India ETFs. The findings of the study have implications for global investors and policymakers in both emerging and developed markets. Policymakers would find it compelling to monitor country ETFs’ fund flows into the underlying country, as withdrawal of country ETFs could have a cascading effect on the economy. JEL Classification: G11, G15, G23
我们研究了国家交易所交易基金(etf)对该国股票市场指数的影响,而不考虑其基础基准。对在美国、英国、加拿大、法国、日本、以色列和新加坡上市的28只印度etf样本进行的汇总普通最小二乘(OLS)分析显示,印度etf对该国股指有显著影响。我们还记录了国家etf与国家股票指数之间的反向因果关系。即使在控制了全球影响、股市波动、外国机构投资者(FII)流动、外汇汇率和印度etf的资产规模之后,结果也很稳健。这项研究的结果对新兴市场和发达市场的全球投资者和政策制定者都有启示意义。政策制定者会发现,监管国家etf流入相关国家的资金是势在必行的,因为国家etf的退出可能会对经济产生连锁反应。JEL分类:G11, G15, G23
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引用次数: 6
Do New Brooms Sweep Clean? Evidence that New CEOs Take a ‘Big Bath’ in the Banking Industry 新扫帚扫得干净吗?新首席执行官在银行业“大洗澡”的证据
IF 1.5 Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2019-03-28 DOI: 10.1177/0972652719831543
Chung-Hua Shen, Chien-An Wang
This study investigates whether significant changes exist in providing loan losses and loan charge-offs during turnovers of chief executive officers (CEOs). Providing loan losses is referred to as a ‘big bath in earnings’, and providing loan charge-offs is referred to as a ‘big bath in asset quality’. We classify CEO turnovers into three types, namely, forced and voluntary CEO turnovers in privately owned banks (POB), turnovers in government-owned banks (GOB) and turnovers as outcomes of mergers and acquisitions (M&As). Using findings based on the data of Taiwanese commercial banks, we demonstrate that the forcibly appointed CEOs exhibit big baths in earnings and asset quality, whereas the voluntarily appointed CEOs exhibit a big bath in earnings but not in asset quality. Compared with the CEO turnover in a POB, the appointed CEO in a GOB shows no big bath in either earnings or asset quality. Moreover, turnovers resulting from M&As do not induce big baths. JEL Classification: C23, G21, G28, M41, M48
本研究调查了在首席执行官(CEO)离职期间,提供贷款损失和贷款冲销是否存在重大变化。提供贷款损失被称为“收益大浴”,提供贷款冲销被称为是“资产质量大浴”。我们将CEO离职分为三种类型,即私营银行的强制和自愿CEO离职、国有银行的离职和并购结果的离职。基于台湾商业银行的数据,我们发现强制任命的首席执行官在收益和资产质量方面表现出巨大的差异,而自愿任命的首席首席执行官则表现出收益和资产品质的巨大差异。与POB的CEO更替相比,GOB任命的CEO在收益或资产质量方面都没有大的变化。此外,并购导致的失误并不会带来大的损失。JEL分类:C23、G21、G28、M41、M48
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引用次数: 1
Bond–Equity Yield Ratio Market Timing in Emerging Markets 新兴市场债券-股票收益率市场时机
IF 1.5 Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2019-03-28 DOI: 10.1177/0972652719831536
Nebojsa Dimic, Vitaly Orlov, Janne Äijö
This article investigates the market timing ability of the bond–equity yield ratio (BEYR) from an international investor perspective. Consolidating data on emerging markets, we document no major international evidence that BEYR-based investing strategies, namely extreme values, thresholds and moving averages, provide higher risk-adjusted returns than benchmark buy-and-hold portfolios. However, we develop new augmented BEYR indicators by introducing the notion of US bonds as a safe investment relative to emerging market stocks and bonds. Dynamic strategies based on our augmented BEYR indicators produce significant gains in risk-adjusted returns compared with traditional BEYR and buy-and-hold benchmark strategies. JEL Classifications: G11, G12, G15
本文从国际投资者的角度研究了债券权益收益率(BEYR)的市场时机能力。综合新兴市场的数据,我们没有记录到主要的国际证据表明,基于BEYR的投资策略,即极值、阈值和移动平均线,比基准买入和持有投资组合提供更高的风险调整回报。然而,我们通过引入美国债券作为相对于新兴市场股票和债券的安全投资的概念,开发了新的增强BEYR指标。与传统的BEYR和买入持有基准策略相比,基于我们增强的BEYR指标的动态策略在风险调整回报方面产生了显著的收益。JEL分类:G11、G12、G15
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引用次数: 0
How Underlying Dimensions of Political Risk Affect Excess Return in Emerging and Developed Markets 政治风险的基本维度如何影响新兴和发达市场的超额收益
IF 1.5 Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2019-03-28 DOI: 10.1177/0972652719831540
I. Q. Nesset, Ingrid Bøgeberg, Frode Kjærland, L. Molden
Political risk is expected to increase due to emerging markets’ increasing influence on the world economy. We identify legal, tension, conflict and policy as underlying dimensions through principal component analysis by using a disaggregated political risk index. Using a two-way error correction model, ethnic and religious tension is identified as a new and distinct dimension of political risk. Consequently, global investors are likely to benefit from understanding which dimension implies a reward. Investors in particular should direct their attention towards tension, which seems to command a risk premium regardless of both market and time. JEL Classification: C33, F30, F50, G15
由于新兴市场对世界经济的影响力越来越大,政治风险预计将增加。我们通过使用分类政治风险指数的主成分分析,将法律、紧张局势、冲突和政策确定为潜在层面。使用双向纠错模型,种族和宗教紧张被确定为政治风险的一个新的、独特的维度。因此,全球投资者可能会从理解哪一个维度意味着回报中受益。投资者尤其应该将注意力集中在紧张局势上,无论市场和时间如何,紧张局势似乎都会带来风险溢价。JEL分类:C33、F30、F50、G15
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引用次数: 10
On the Asymmetric Effects of Exchange Rate Changes on the Demand for Money: Evidence from Emerging Economies 汇率变动对货币需求的非对称效应——来自新兴经济体的证据
IF 1.5 Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2019-03-04 DOI: 10.1177/0972652719831523
Mohsen Bahmani‐Oskooee, Sahar Bahmani, Ali M. Kutan, Dan Xi
Previous studies, that included the exchange rate in the demand for money function to account for currency substitution, assumed that exchange rate changes have symmetric effects on the demand for money in emerging countries. Since assuming symmetric effects implies using a linear model, they were not successful in finding significant link between the exchange rate movements and the demand for money. When we applied a nonlinear model to address the same issue, we found that in most emerging economies in our sample, exchange rate changes do have significant long-run effects on the demand for money and such effects are indeed asymmetric. JEL Classifications: E41, F31
先前的研究将汇率纳入货币需求函数,以解释货币替代,假设汇率变化对新兴国家的货币需求具有对称影响。由于假设对称效应意味着使用线性模型,他们未能成功地找到汇率变动与货币需求之间的重要联系。当我们应用非线性模型来解决同样的问题时,我们发现在我们样本中的大多数新兴经济体中,汇率变化确实对货币需求有显著的长期影响,而且这种影响确实是不对称的。JEL分类:E41、F31
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引用次数: 16
Emergence of Mobile Financial Services in Ghana: Concerns for Use among Informal Sector Women Entrepreneurs 加纳移动金融服务的出现:对非正规部门女企业家使用的关注
IF 1.5 Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2018-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/0972652718798191
Raymond K. Dziwornu, Kingsley K. Anagba, A. D. Aniapam
Mobile financial services (MFS) have emerged in recent years as an indispensable tool to promote financial inclusion in emerging economies like Ghana. This article investigated the factors affecting MFS use among 300 women entrepreneurs in the informal sector in Ghana, using multinomial logit model. Knowledge of MFS, trust of services provided, nearness to agents and privacy of information are more likely to drive MFS use. In addition to embarking on aggressive radio and television advertisement, service operators should deploy more agents and invest in reliable infrastructure to build users’ trust to increase MFS use. JEL Classification: D12, G20
近年来,移动金融服务(MFS)已成为加纳等新兴经济体促进普惠金融不可或缺的工具。本文采用多项逻辑模型对加纳300名非正规部门女企业家使用小额信贷的影响因素进行了调查。对MFS的了解、对所提供服务的信任、与代理的接近程度以及信息的私密性更有可能推动MFS的使用。除了积极开展广播电视广告外,服务运营商还应部署更多的代理商,并投资于可靠的基础设施,以建立用户的信任,从而增加MFS的使用。JEL分类:D12、G20
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引用次数: 4
The Impact of the Hai Yang Shi You 981 Event on Vietnam’s Stock Markets 海洋石油981事件对越南股市的影响
IF 1.5 Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2018-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/0972652718798215
Thai‐Ha Le, Donghyun Park, C. Tran, B. Tran-Nam
This study examines the extent to which the Hai Yang Shi You 981 (HD-981) event, the sudden deployment of a Chinese oil rig in disputed territorial waters near Paracel Islands in May 2014, affected the stock market performance of 20 sectors of the Vietnamese economy. The impact was measured in terms of stock returns, using daily data on stock market indices. The results strongly indicate that the HD-981 event significantly and negatively affected the overall performance of Vietnam’s stock markets. There is, however, considerable variation across sectors. While most sectors which are heavily dependent on the economy of China were adversely affected, the impact on some sectors was negligible. By conducting this study on Vietnam’s stock markets, we hope to generate implications and lessons for other emerging markets in the region. JEL Classification: G1, G14, C58
本研究考察了2014年5月在帕拉塞尔群岛附近有争议的领海突然部署中国石油钻井平台的海洋石油981(HD-981)事件对越南经济20个部门股市表现的影响程度。这种影响是根据股票回报率来衡量的,使用的是股票市场指数的每日数据。结果有力地表明,HD-981事件对越南股市的整体表现产生了重大负面影响。然而,各部门之间存在相当大的差异。虽然大多数严重依赖中国经济的部门都受到了不利影响,但对一些部门的影响微乎其微。通过对越南股市进行这项研究,我们希望为该地区其他新兴市场带来启示和教训。JEL分类:G1、G14、C58
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Journal of Emerging Market Finance
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