Francisco González-Sala, Julia Osca-Lluch, Francisco Tortosa-Gil, María Peñaranda-Ortega
The disparity of areas being part of Legal Psychology s a specialized training. By offering an array of masters and degrees and the university’s endorsement, postgraduate training enables quality training in this area. Currently there are 4 official masters and 11 master programs across the Spanish universities that cover most areas of intervention of legal and forensic psychologists. While official masters have a similar number of credits, covering a mandatory attendance and a practice period, master programs vary from 60 to 80 credits, with few options and a mix of regular attendance and distance learning or a totally distance training, while practices are usually voluntary. It can be concluded that postgraduate training offered by universities and associated institutes allows legal and forensic psychologists to meet their professional demands.
{"title":"Psicología Jurídica y Forense en España: un Estudio desde los Másteres Oficiales y Títulos Propios Adscritos a las Universidades Españolas","authors":"Francisco González-Sala, Julia Osca-Lluch, Francisco Tortosa-Gil, María Peñaranda-Ortega","doi":"10.5093/APJ2018A3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/APJ2018A3","url":null,"abstract":"The disparity of areas being part of Legal Psychology s a specialized training. By offering an array of masters and degrees and the university’s endorsement, postgraduate training enables quality training in this area. Currently there are 4 official masters and 11 master programs across the Spanish universities that cover most areas of intervention of legal and forensic psychologists. While official masters have a similar number of credits, covering a mandatory attendance and a practice period, master programs vary from 60 to 80 credits, with few options and a mix of regular attendance and distance learning or a totally distance training, while practices are usually voluntary. It can be concluded that postgraduate training offered by universities and associated institutes allows legal and forensic psychologists to meet their professional demands.","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70894830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Child sexual abuse happens quite frequently and has serious consequences for child development. Disclosure of sexual abuse is often delayed; children often avoid telling because they are either afraid of a negative reaction from their relatives or of being harmed by the abuser. Child sexual abuse is often committed in private so there are rarely eyewitnesses and there is no external corroborating evidence. Therefore, in every case of child sexual abuse that goes to trial, it is often the child’s testimony that is the only one or the most crucial part of the prosecution’s case. In this paper several recommendations are proposed to deal with sexual abuse cases in order to improve the quality of children’s testimony, when minors are able to testify in court, and to protect vulnerable children from secondary victimization. At the same time protecting children in the Criminal Justice System must be compatible with the presumption of innocence of the accused. Some suggestions are raised to balance the rights of the accused and of the victim.
{"title":"Los Menores Víctimas de Abuso Sexual en el Proceso Judicial: el Control de la Victimización Secundaria y las Garantías Jurídicas de los Acusados","authors":"I. J. Subijana, E. Echeburúa","doi":"10.5093/APJ2018A1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/APJ2018A1","url":null,"abstract":"Child sexual abuse happens quite frequently and has serious consequences for child development. Disclosure of sexual abuse is often delayed; children often avoid telling because they are either afraid of a negative reaction from their relatives or of being harmed by the abuser. Child sexual abuse is often committed in private so there are rarely eyewitnesses and there is no external corroborating evidence. Therefore, in every case of child sexual abuse that goes to trial, it is often the child’s testimony that is the only one or the most crucial part of the prosecution’s case. In this paper several recommendations are proposed to deal with sexual abuse cases in order to improve the quality of children’s testimony, when minors are able to testify in court, and to protect vulnerable children from secondary victimization. At the same time protecting children in the Criminal Justice System must be compatible with the presumption of innocence of the accused. Some suggestions are raised to balance the rights of the accused and of the victim.","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70893940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is the construction of a new scale to estimate adolescent gender-based violence. The scale is specifically designed for this population and incorporates new forms of violence, such as cyberviolence. The sample consisted of 701 students aged between 13 and 18 years. The internal consistency of the scale showed a high reliability value in the overall scale (α = .965), as well as in the subscales of violence committed (α = .935) and violence suffered (α = .929). The results would suggest that the new scale is not only concise and useful, but also adapted to the current reality of adolescents. With a reduction in the number of items compared to the scales currently available (it has 13 bidirectional statements) and a factorial structure with five types of violence (cyber-violence, verbal, physical, psychological, and sexual violence), the scale provides an up-to-date measure of the occurrence of this type of behavior in teen dating relationships.
{"title":"Development and Validation of an Adolescent Gender-Based Violence Scale (ESVIGA)","authors":"María Penado-Abilleira, M. Rodicio-García","doi":"10.5093/APJ2018A10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/APJ2018A10","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is the construction of a new scale to estimate adolescent gender-based violence. The scale is specifically designed for this population and incorporates new forms of violence, such as cyberviolence. The sample consisted of 701 students aged between 13 and 18 years. The internal consistency of the scale showed a high reliability value in the overall scale (α = .965), as well as in the subscales of violence committed (α = .935) and violence suffered (α = .929). The results would suggest that the new scale is not only concise and useful, but also adapted to the current reality of adolescents. With a reduction in the number of items compared to the scales currently available (it has 13 bidirectional statements) and a factorial structure with five types of violence (cyber-violence, verbal, physical, psychological, and sexual violence), the scale provides an up-to-date measure of the occurrence of this type of behavior in teen dating relationships.","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70894065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Therapeutic treatments in male batterers have limited efficacy. One of the actions proposed to improve the intervention of professionals in this scope of action is adapting them to the traits of each male batterer. A study of 237 sentences for feminicide in Spain committed by males with mental disorders at the time of the crime has been carried out, being the basis to find out the different types of feminicides with mental illness. The relation between mental disorder and degree of emotional instability and between suicidal behaviour and breakup of a relationship are also studied. The results, obtained through bivariate and multivariate statistical techniques, reveal the existence of four typologies of feminicide perpetrators. A positive association between mental disorder and degree of emotional instability and between a suicidal behaviour and the abandonment of his partner have also been found. Theoretical and practical implications are described.
{"title":"Tipologías de Feminicidas con Trastorno Mental en España","authors":"Raúl Aguilar-Ruiz","doi":"10.5093/APJ2018A4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/APJ2018A4","url":null,"abstract":"Therapeutic treatments in male batterers have limited efficacy. One of the actions proposed to improve the intervention of professionals in this scope of action is adapting them to the traits of each male batterer. A study of 237 sentences for feminicide in Spain committed by males with mental disorders at the time of the crime has been carried out, being the basis to find out the different types of feminicides with mental illness. The relation between mental disorder and degree of emotional instability and between suicidal behaviour and breakup of a relationship are also studied. The results, obtained through bivariate and multivariate statistical techniques, reveal the existence of four typologies of feminicide perpetrators. A positive association between mental disorder and degree of emotional instability and between a suicidal behaviour and the abandonment of his partner have also been found. Theoretical and practical implications are described.","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70894705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lina Acevedo-Correa, Juan Marín-Castillo, Diego Heredia-Quintana, Maricelly Gómez-Vargas, Nicolle Múnera-Rúa, Laura Correa-Sierra, J. Medina
The Colombian Political Constitution of 1991 transformed the legal, political, social, and cultural reality; the principles of the social state of law, human dignity, pluralism, the best interests of the child, and equality, among others, constitute the normative framework for homo-parental adoption in Colombia; hence, the legal system is not a barrier to this type of adoption – on the contrary, it is a set of rules that protect the right of children to have a family, and the homosexual community to form it. In Colombia, homoparental adoption has caused reactions against based on arguments that question homosexuals’ mental suitability. For this reason, this article proposes that homosexuality is addressed through the parental competence term, i.e., is the ability to generate flexible and adaptive answers to rearing, articulated to attachment, subsequently reshaping the nature of inappropriate bonds and personality.
{"title":"La Adopción Homoparental en Colombia:presupuestos Jurídicos y Análisis de la Idoneidad Mental","authors":"Lina Acevedo-Correa, Juan Marín-Castillo, Diego Heredia-Quintana, Maricelly Gómez-Vargas, Nicolle Múnera-Rúa, Laura Correa-Sierra, J. Medina","doi":"10.5093/APJ2018A8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/APJ2018A8","url":null,"abstract":"The Colombian Political Constitution of 1991 transformed the legal, political, social, and cultural reality; the principles of the social state of law, human dignity, pluralism, the best interests of the child, and equality, among others, constitute the normative framework for homo-parental adoption in Colombia; hence, the legal system is not a barrier to this type of adoption – on the contrary, it is a set of rules that protect the right of children to have a family, and the homosexual community to form it. In Colombia, homoparental adoption has caused reactions against based on arguments that question homosexuals’ mental suitability. For this reason, this article proposes that homosexuality is addressed through the parental competence term, i.e., is the ability to generate flexible and adaptive answers to rearing, articulated to attachment, subsequently reshaping the nature of inappropriate bonds and personality.","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70894767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristina Garrido-Montesinos, Javier Pons-Diez, Sergio Murgui-Pérez, Jessica Ortega-Barón
The aim of this research is, on the one hand, to know the relationship between perceived social support, emotional and cognitive empathy, satisfaction with life, the expression of anger as a trait and five dimensions of self-concept −academic, social, emotional, familiar and physical− in a sample of residents in a re-education center for juvenile offenders in compliance with judicial measures. On the other hand, this study attempts to know which are the variables that best predict satisfaction with life in the same sample. The main results are the existence of positive correlations of satisfaction with life with social support and self-concept, and that social support and family self-concept are the variables that best predict satisfaction with life.
{"title":"Satisfacción con la Vida y Factores Asociados en una Muestra de Menores Infractores","authors":"Cristina Garrido-Montesinos, Javier Pons-Diez, Sergio Murgui-Pérez, Jessica Ortega-Barón","doi":"10.5093/APJ2018A9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/APJ2018A9","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research is, on the one hand, to know the relationship between perceived social support, emotional and cognitive empathy, satisfaction with life, the expression of anger as a trait and five dimensions of self-concept −academic, social, emotional, familiar and physical− in a sample of residents in a re-education center for juvenile offenders in compliance with judicial measures. On the other hand, this study attempts to know which are the variables that best predict satisfaction with life in the same sample. The main results are the existence of positive correlations of satisfaction with life with social support and self-concept, and that social support and family self-concept are the variables that best predict satisfaction with life.","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70894396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Verónica Molina-Coloma, Karmele Salaberría, J. Pérez
This paper aims to describe the personality in prison population and compare them with a sample from the general population in Ecuador. With this aim, the following instruments were administered in an individual session: the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III), the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). The results showed that there are significant differences between jail inmates and the general population in all measures. Antisocial and paranoid personality characteristics were the most prevalent in jail inmates; in addition, they presented higher levels of aggression and impulsivity. Regarding the presence of psychopathology, the higher prevalence of anxiety, delusions, and dependence on substances and alcohol should be underlined.
{"title":"La Personalidad en Población Carcelaria: un Estudio Comparativo en Ecuador","authors":"Verónica Molina-Coloma, Karmele Salaberría, J. Pérez","doi":"10.5093/APJ2018A5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/APJ2018A5","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to describe the personality in prison population and compare them with a sample from the general population in Ecuador. With this aim, the following instruments were administered in an individual session: the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III), the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). The results showed that there are significant differences between jail inmates and the general population in all measures. Antisocial and paranoid personality characteristics were the most prevalent in jail inmates; in addition, they presented higher levels of aggression and impulsivity. Regarding the presence of psychopathology, the higher prevalence of anxiety, delusions, and dependence on substances and alcohol should be underlined.","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70894724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. González, M. J. Garrido, J. López, J. Muñoz, Á. Arribas, Pablo Carbajosa, Enrique Ballano
Homicide is the most extreme sign of violence. It generates social anxiety when occurs in personal relationships, usually women are six times more likely of being murdered. Although Spain has an intimate partner homicide rate against women below the European and the world averages and has policies to reduce all forms of gender-based violence, homicides continue to happen. So, to avoid further deaths, it is necessary to study the phenomenon extensively. Since 1990, homicide review teams in the family context have been developed in different ries. These teams this kind of deaths in a multidisciplinary way in order to determine the common factors they present and the changes that should be implemented to avoid future violent deaths. This paper reviews the characteristics of the international teams, and also describes the origin, composition, and the operational structure of the recently d National Team for In-Depth Homicide Review of Gender Violence (EHVdG) in Spain.
{"title":"Revisión Pormenorizada de Homicidios de Mujeres en las Relaciones de Pareja en España","authors":"J. González, M. J. Garrido, J. López, J. Muñoz, Á. Arribas, Pablo Carbajosa, Enrique Ballano","doi":"10.5093/APJ2018A2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5093/APJ2018A2","url":null,"abstract":"Homicide is the most extreme sign of violence. It generates social anxiety when occurs in personal relationships, usually women are six times more likely of being murdered. Although Spain has an intimate partner homicide rate against women below the European and the world averages and has policies to reduce all forms of gender-based violence, homicides continue to happen. So, to avoid further deaths, it is necessary to study the phenomenon extensively. Since 1990, homicide review teams in the family context have been developed in different ries. These teams this kind of deaths in a multidisciplinary way in order to determine the common factors they present and the changes that should be implemented to avoid future violent deaths. This paper reviews the characteristics of the international teams, and also describes the origin, composition, and the operational structure of the recently d National Team for In-Depth Homicide Review of Gender Violence (EHVdG) in Spain.","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70894638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-17DOI: 10.1016/J.APJ.2017.01.002
S. Rodríguez, M. Muñoz, M. García
{"title":"Movilizar el cambio en menores con medidas judiciales: de la atribución al vínculo","authors":"S. Rodríguez, M. Muñoz, M. García","doi":"10.1016/J.APJ.2017.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APJ.2017.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/J.APJ.2017.01.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45975796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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