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Towards developing partnership models for leveraging design for manufacture and assembly (DfMA) for school buildings 为学校建筑开发利用设计制造和装配(DfMA)的合作模式
IF 1.8 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.1680/jmapl.22.00042
K. Weththasinghe, P. Wong
The substantial efforts made in implementing DfMA (Design for Manufacture and Assembly) in construction developments thus far have been scattered. Past research has focused on the operational practice of volumetric and non-volumetric assembly, component manufacture and sub-assembly and modular building. This paper seeks to cover a comprehensive review with case studies to explore how DfMA can be leveraged in the design and delivery of school buildings. Three case studies were conducted to demonstrate how DfMA methods were applied in actual projects identifying the challenges and issues confronted. The adopted techniques and involved challenges in school building projects were identified along with the capability and risk profiles that come with the opportunities to lead DfMA projects. Reengineering as an aspect to engage in DfMA-led construction developments, and how this may impact current services of a construction firm were evaluated. The results reveal effective partnership models to establish a sustainable business model for DfMA school buildings followed by a project feedback collection model. The partnership models developed provide guidance to establish relationships to achieve the maximum potential of DfMA in school projects. The project feedback collection model promotes better circulation of lessons learned for the advancement in future projects.
迄今为止,在建筑开发中实施DfMA(制造和装配设计)的大量努力是分散的。过去的研究主要集中在体积和非体积装配、部件制造和子装配以及模块化建筑的操作实践上。本文旨在通过案例研究进行全面审查,以探索如何在学校建筑的设计和交付中利用DfMA。进行了三个案例研究,以展示如何将DfMA方法应用于实际项目中,以确定所面临的挑战和问题。学校建设项目中采用的技术和涉及的挑战,以及领导DfMA项目的机会所带来的能力和风险概况,都被确定下来。重新设计作为参与dfma主导的建筑开发的一个方面,以及它如何影响建筑公司的当前服务进行了评估。研究结果揭示了建立DfMA学校建筑可持续商业模式的有效伙伴关系模型,以及项目反馈收集模型。所开发的伙伴关系模式为建立关系提供了指导,以实现DfMA在学校项目中的最大潜力。项目反馈收集模型促进了经验教训的更好循环,以促进未来项目的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Managing designing for safety: a framework to support whole-team decision-making and risk control 管理安全设计:支持整个团队决策和风险控制的框架
IF 1.8 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-11-14 DOI: 10.1680/jmapl.22.00030
Bill Hewlett, F. Sherratt, Vikki Edmondson
Designing for Safety (DfS) aims to make designs inherently safer to build, operate and maintain, but any residual risk must be controlled, something essential to realising the benefits of inherently safer designs. Here, a conceptual decision-making framework to support DfS, developed in conjunction with industry, is introduced. It aims to assist designers in communicating risk, residual risk and actions needed to support DfS, in a way easily understood by non-specialists such as clients and business leaders. The framework proposes a qualitative categorisation for DfS linked to a clear numerical scale, which embraces the complexity of engineering assessment across the full asset lifecycle, while using a form of language (numbers) that can be readily understood by all. The framework was empirically explored through an operational design workshop with the four engineers leading design and planning teams on the framework. It was found to bring a range of benefits for DfS at the design stage: it provided structure for the discussion of DfS, made the consideration of DfS objective, gave a new vernacular which improved the collective thought process, and made the debate and the resultant design decisions more accessible to non-specialists. The framework provides a tool to support the implementation of DfS across the entire lifecycle of an asset, enhancing DfS communication within the decision making process from the initial strategic definition stage onwards.
安全设计(DfS)旨在使设计在建造、操作和维护方面本质上更安全,但必须控制任何剩余风险,这对于实现本质上更安全设计的好处至关重要。本文介绍了与工业界共同开发的支持DfS的概念性决策框架。它的目的是帮助设计师沟通风险,剩余风险和支持DfS所需的行动,以一种容易被非专业人士(如客户和商业领袖)理解的方式。该框架提出了DfS的定性分类,该分类与明确的数字尺度相关联,包含了整个资产生命周期工程评估的复杂性,同时使用了所有人都易于理解的语言形式(数字)。这个框架是通过一个由四名工程师领导的设计和规划团队的操作性设计研讨会进行经验探索的。人们发现,它在设计阶段为DfS带来了一系列好处:它为DfS的讨论提供了结构,使DfS的考虑成为目标,提供了一种新的白话,改进了集体思维过程,并使辩论和最终的设计决策更容易被非专业人士所接受。该框架提供了一个工具来支持在资产的整个生命周期中实现DfS,从最初的战略定义阶段开始,在决策制定过程中增强DfS的沟通。
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引用次数: 0
Drivers for implementing design for safety in construction: a review 实施建筑安全设计的驱动因素:综述
IF 1.8 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-10-31 DOI: 10.1680/jmapl.22.00029
V. Chellappa, Angelin Lincy Gunasekaran
Design for safety is a prominent means of preventing fatalities and injuries at construction workplaces. The concept has recently gained much attention among construction safety domain researchers. A study was undertaken to explore the key drivers for implementing design for safety in construction and identify research trends. Eighty-four journal articles published by 2020 were extracted from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The influential keywords, articles, sources and authors in the field of design for safety were examined. According to the findings, most of the studies focused on the context of designer knowledge, skill and education. Although the literature suggests that client legislation, influence and motivation were important drivers for implementing design for safety, there was limited research on these areas. The study can help academics and practitioners better understand the key drivers for implementing design for safety in construction.
安全设计是防止建筑工作场所伤亡的重要手段。近年来,这一概念受到了建筑安全领域研究人员的广泛关注。进行了一项研究,以探索实施建筑安全设计的关键驱动因素,并确定研究趋势。从Scopus和Web of Science数据库中提取了到2020年发表的84篇期刊文章。对安全设计领域中有影响的关键词、文章、来源和作者进行了考察。根据调查结果,大多数研究都集中在设计师的知识、技能和教育背景上。尽管文献表明,客户立法、影响和动机是实施安全设计的重要驱动因素,但对这些领域的研究有限。这项研究有助学者及从业员更了解在建筑工程中推行安全设计的主要因素。
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引用次数: 0
Briefing: The role of the Technology and Construction Court in Alternative Dispute Resolution 简报:技术与建筑法院在替代性争议解决中的作用
IF 1.8 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-10-26 DOI: 10.1680/jmapl.22.00044
A. Agapiou
The construction industry is highly litigious and disputes can be costly, not merely in a financial sense but also in terms of the breakdown of otherwise valuable relationships due to the conflict. While arbitration and adjudication are commonly used in the construction sphere as dispute resolution tools, the adversarial nature of such processes may hold deleterious consequences for parties in terms of financial costs, delays, risks and loss of business. It was not until the late 1980s that it was realised that conventional litigation for construction disputes was far too cumbersome and expensive. Arbitration was the traditional method for the resolution of construction disputes for many years, until the introduction of a range of Alternative Dispute Resolution techniques, adjudication and the introduction of pre-action protocols in litigation. The English Courts have also proven eager to embrace ADR during the early stages of litigation proceedings, particularly when litigation costs will exceed the amount in dispute. This briefing note examines the role of the Technology and Construction Court (TCC) in Alternative Dispute Resolution.
建筑行业是一个非常爱打官司的行业,纠纷的代价可能很高,不仅在经济上,而且在冲突导致其他有价值的关系破裂方面。虽然仲裁和裁决通常被用作建筑领域的争议解决工具,但此类程序的对抗性可能会在财务成本、延误、风险和业务损失方面给当事人带来有害后果。直到20世纪80年代末,人们才意识到,传统的建筑纠纷诉讼过于繁琐和昂贵。多年来,仲裁一直是解决建筑纠纷的传统方法,直到引入了一系列替代性争议解决技术、裁决和在诉讼中引入行动前协议。事实证明,英国法院在诉讼程序的早期阶段,特别是在诉讼费用将超过争议金额的情况下,热衷于采用ADR。本简报探讨了技术和建筑法院(TCC)在替代性争议解决中的作用。
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引用次数: 1
The influence of trust networks on public–private partnership project performance 信任网络对公私合作项目绩效的影响
IF 1.8 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.1680/jmapl.21.00025
Xiang Wang, Yilin Yin, Zhichao Xu
Trust relationships can improve performance of public–private partnership projects, but current research often starts from a dual perspective of project owner and contractor. Since there are many stakeholders in each project, it is more reasonable to consider the network structure of trust relationships from the perspective of social network theory. Given the lack of research in this area, a study was undertaken to reveal the relationship between trust network, opportunistic behaviours and project performance among all participants in public–private partnership projects. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data from 193 valid questionnaires. It was found that the density and stability of trust networks were negatively correlated with opportunistic behaviour, and positively correlated with project performance. However, the centralisation of networks was positively correlated with opportunistic behaviour and negatively correlated with project performance. These conclusions are helpful in optimising public–private partnership project performance from the perspective of stakeholder management and trust network governance.
信任关系可以提高公私合作项目的绩效,但目前的研究往往是从项目所有者和承包商的双重视角出发的。由于每个项目都有很多利益相关者,所以从社会网络理论的角度来考虑信任关系的网络结构更为合理。鉴于这方面缺乏研究,因此进行了一项研究,以揭示公私伙伴关系项目中所有参与者之间的信任网络、机会主义行为和项目绩效之间的关系。采用偏最小二乘结构方程模型对193份有效问卷数据进行分析。研究发现,信任网络的密度和稳定性与机会主义行为呈负相关,与项目绩效呈正相关。然而,网络的集中化与机会主义行为呈正相关,与项目绩效负相关。这些结论有助于从利益相关者管理和信任网络治理的角度优化公私合作项目绩效。
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引用次数: 1
Roadmap for implementing circular construction practices in India – an overview 在印度实施循环建筑实践的路线图-概述
IF 1.8 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-10-06 DOI: 10.1680/jmapl.22.00013
K. Swetha, T. Hemalatha, D. V. Ajay Prasad, Mymoon Moghul
Globally, the construction industry is considered as one of the biggest consumers of natural resources and is a generator of large quantities of demolition wastes. Hence, the full-scale adoption of circular economy (CE) in the construction industry not only conserves the natural resources but also reduces the environmental pollution by reusing the demolition wastes. Despite the recognized potential of the concept of circular economy, the application of CE in the construction industry is still in its infancy and is limited, especially, in developing countries like India. Though the circularity elements are applied in construction sector in India to a certain extent, there is still a long way to go for the large-scale adoption of CE practices. Improvements in supply chain system, incorporating reused and recycled materials and minimizing the use of virgin materials in construction, implementing modular constructions, using digital tools are some of the solutions that can be adopted towards achieving circular economy in construction. In this context, present study discusses the practices currently adopted in construction sector in India towards achieving circular economy. Further, the methodologies adopted in other countries and limitations in implementing these technologies in India, towards circular construction, are discussed. Learning from the principles/concepts of other countries that are successfully adopting CE solutions, this study provides roadmap for implementing construction practices in India to make this sector less resource intensive.
在全球范围内,建筑业被认为是自然资源的最大消费者之一,也是大量拆除废物的产生者。因此,在建筑行业全面采用循环经济,不仅可以节约自然资源,还可以通过回收拆迁废物来减少对环境的污染。尽管人们认识到循环经济概念的潜力,但在建筑行业中,特别是在印度等发展中国家,节能的应用仍处于起步阶段,而且是有限的。虽然循环元素在印度的建筑领域得到了一定程度的应用,但要大规模采用节能实践还有很长的路要走。改善供应链系统,结合再利用和回收材料,最大限度地减少建筑中原始材料的使用,实施模块化结构,使用数字工具是实现建筑循环经济的一些解决方案。在此背景下,本研究讨论了印度建筑部门目前为实现循环经济而采取的做法。此外,讨论了其他国家采用的方法以及在印度实施这些技术的局限性,以实现循环建筑。借鉴其他成功采用节能解决方案的国家的原则/概念,本研究为印度实施建筑实践提供了路线图,以降低该行业的资源密集型。
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引用次数: 0
Briefing: UK public sector infrastructure and construction strategy, policies and vision 简报:英国公共部门基础设施和建设战略、政策和愿景
IF 1.8 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1680/jmapl.22.00040
J. Charlson
This briefing outlines UK public sector infrastructure and construction strategy, policies and vision. The UK government is committed to Modern Methods of Construction. The National Infrastructure Strategy sets out plans to transform UK infrastructure. The Construction Playbook details key policies and guidance for how public works projects and programmes are assessed, procured and delivered. The Transforming Infrastructure Performance: Roadmap to 2030 is a vision for innovation and reform in infrastructure delivery. The National Infrastructure and Construction Pipeline sets out future planned procurements. Civil engineers should keep up to date with public sector infrastructure and construction initiatives.
本简报概述了英国公共部门基础设施和建设战略、政策和愿景。英国政府致力于现代建筑方法。国家基础设施战略制定了改造英国基础设施的计划。《建设工作手册》详述了评估、采购和交付公共工程项目和计划的主要政策和指引。《转型基础设施绩效:2030年路线图》是基础设施交付创新和改革的愿景。国家基础设施和建设管道列出了未来的计划采购。土木工程师应与公共部门的基础设施和建设计划保持同步。
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引用次数: 1
Earthship buildings: stakeholder opinions of their contribution towards sustainable alternative housing in the United Kingdom 地球建筑:利益相关者对他们对英国可持续替代住房的贡献的意见
IF 1.8 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-09-12 DOI: 10.1680/jmapl.22.00026
Carrie L. Booth, R. Horry, C. Isaac, A. Mahamadu, P. Manu, Kgb Awuah, E. Aboagye-Nimo, P. Georgakis, A. Prabhakaran
Society requires additional affordable housing to meet its growing demands. Further, people expect their homes to meet sustainability targets and for the lifestyles they proffer to accord with low impact living. Earthship buildings are marketed as being an epitome of sustainable alternative housing. Built by reusing or repurposing mostly reclaimed urban waste products, their design includes the utilization of low embodied energy materials, passive solar heating and cooling, photovoltaic power systems, rainwater harvesting, solar hot water heating, along with black and grey water treatment systems. Thus, Earthship buildings are considered exemplars for contributions to both the sustainability and climate change agendas. This study explores stakeholder opinions of whether Earthship buildings can contribute towards the future of alternative housing in the United Kingdom (UK). Opinions were sought through questionnaire survey completed by UK members of online social media groups whose shared focus is related to sustainability (n=50). Results reveal that the public believe the main benefits are their minimal environmental impact and also their reliance on renewable energy resources; whilst the main barriers are identifying suitable building plots and obtaining the necessary planning permissions to build. Notwithstanding the participants included in this study already have an interest in sustainability issues, it is surmised that the general public deem the general principles of Earthships are an acceptable choice of alternative home/living. However, whilst the uptake of Earthship homes are proving increasing popular in some parts of the world, the upmost concern within the UK setting is the reality of finding somewhere suitable to build an Earthship and then being given the required authorisations to construct the building. Therefore, the study recommends a need for future Earthship investigations to review the bureaucratic obstacles encountered during land searches and acquisitions and, alongside this, appraise the challenges of gaining the necessary planning permissions.
社会需要更多的经济适用房来满足日益增长的需求。此外,人们希望他们的家园能够达到可持续发展的目标,并为他们提供的生活方式符合低影响的生活方式。Earthship建筑被营销为可持续替代住房的缩影。通过再利用或重新利用大部分回收的城市废物,他们的设计包括利用低隐含能源材料,被动式太阳能加热和冷却,光伏发电系统,雨水收集,太阳能热水加热,以及黑水和中水处理系统。因此,Earthship建筑被认为是对可持续发展和气候变化议程做出贡献的典范。本研究探讨了利益相关者对Earthship建筑是否可以为英国替代住房的未来做出贡献的意见。我们通过问卷调查来征求意见,问卷调查由共同关注可持续发展的在线社交媒体团体的英国成员完成(n=50)。结果显示,公众认为主要的好处是它们对环境的影响最小,而且它们对可再生能源的依赖;而主要的障碍是确定合适的建筑用地和获得必要的规划许可来建造。尽管本研究的参与者已经对可持续性问题感兴趣,但据推测,一般公众认为地球船的一般原则是一种可接受的替代家庭/生活选择。然而,虽然地球船房屋在世界某些地区越来越受欢迎,但英国最关心的问题是找到适合建造地球船的地方,然后获得建造建筑物所需的授权。因此,该研究建议有必要在未来进行Earthship调查,以审查在土地搜索和收购过程中遇到的官僚主义障碍,并评估获得必要规划许可的挑战。
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引用次数: 1
Independence and impartiality of contract administrators in the construction sector 建造业合约管理员的独立性和公正性
IF 1.8 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.1680/jmapl.22.00023
Asela Sampath Premaratne, Zhenan Feng, T. Yiu
Contract administrators play essential roles in the construction sector as they administrate the execution of construction contracts. A contract administrator acts as a representative of clients and an independent certifier to contractors. This dual role can bring conflicts within its duty; therefore, concerns have been raised regarding whether contract administrators can perform their duties fairly and impartially when serving clients and contractors. This study examines the independence and impartiality of contract administrators in the construction sector. This study reviews the current New Zealand standard construction contract forms to understand the role and position of contract administrators. A questionnaire survey was conducted in New Zealand to obtain views from 42 construction practitioners. Survey results suggest that the independence and impartiality of contract administrators may exist in the New Zealand construction sector, manifesting in the fact that most survey respondents experienced a reasonable and fair act from contract administrators when performing their duties. This study contributes to existing knowledge of contract administration by revealing the existence of independence and impartiality of contract administrators in the New Zealand construction sector. Also, this study contributes to industrial practices by putting forward the concerns and recommendations to improve the legal obligations of contract administrators in construction contract forms.
合同管理员在建筑行业发挥着至关重要的作用,因为他们管理建筑合同的执行。合同管理员既是客户的代表,又是承包商的独立证明人。这种双重角色会在其职责范围内带来冲突;因此,合同管理人员在为客户和承包商服务时能否公平公正地履行职责,引起了人们的关注。本研究考察了建筑行业合同管理人员的独立性和公正性。本研究回顾现行新西兰标准建筑合同形式,以了解合同管理员的角色和地位。我们在新西兰进行问卷调查,收集42名建造业从业员的意见。调查结果表明,新西兰建筑业可能存在合同管理人员的独立性和公正性,这体现在大多数调查受访者在履行职责时都经历了合同管理人员合理和公平的行为。本研究通过揭示新西兰建筑部门合同管理人员的独立性和公正性,有助于现有的合同管理知识。此外,本研究也提出改善合约管理人在建筑合约形式中的法律义务的关注与建议,对实务有一定的贡献。
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引用次数: 1
Design for safety among design professionals in the Botswana construction industry 博茨瓦纳建筑行业设计专业人员的安全设计
IF 1.8 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-06-14 DOI: 10.1680/jmapl.22.00008
Kgosi Rantshilo, K. Agyekum, P. Manu, Abdul–Majeed Mahamadu, C. Cheung, A. Yunusa‐Kaltungo
Design has been identified as a contributor to adverse occupational safety and health (OSH) outcomes in construction. In spite of this, relatively fewer studies have focused on design for safety (DfS) within developing countries; Botswana being a prime example. This research investigates the extent of DfS implementation in Botswana’s construction industry, and the factors that affect its implementation. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among design professionals (i.e., architects and civil/structural engineers) in the Botswana construction industry. Data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results revealed that a majority of respondents are aware of the concept of DfS and respondents generally consider DfS to be of high importance. Furthermore, there is a high willingness to apply DfS and a high interest in undertaking DfS related professional development training, however, engagement in DfS practices is rather moderate and participation in DfS professional development training is low. Moreover, DfS legislation as well as industry guides are considered by designers to be the most influential factor for DfS implementation in Botswana. From the results, recommendations are given including the inclusion of DfS requirements in OSH legislation and provision of DfS industry guides by the relevant design professional bodies.
设计已被确定为一个贡献者不利的职业安全与健康(OSH)结果在建设。尽管如此,关注发展中国家安全设计(DfS)的研究相对较少;博茨瓦纳就是一个典型的例子。本研究调查了DfS在博茨瓦纳建筑业的实施程度,以及影响其实施的因素。对博茨瓦纳建筑业的设计专业人员(即建筑师和土木/结构工程师)进行了横断面调查。数据分析使用描述性和推断性统计。结果显示,大多数受访者都知道DfS的概念,受访者普遍认为DfS非常重要。此外,他们有很高的意愿应用发展基金,也有很高的兴趣接受发展基金相关的专业发展培训,但参与发展基金实务的程度较低,参与发展基金专业发展培训的程度较低。此外,设计者认为DfS立法和行业指南是DfS在博茨瓦纳实施的最具影响力的因素。根据研究结果,我们提出了建议,包括在职业安全与健康法例中加入DfS要求,以及由相关设计专业团体提供DfS行业指南。
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引用次数: 1
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Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Management Procurement and Law
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