Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.46903/gjms/20.02.1053
D. Bhatt, B. Chandrasekaran
A 55-years-old woman presented with profound sudden loss of vision in left eye (LE) after an injury in a road side accident. She had normal right eye. Left eye had perception of light (PL) with accurate projection of light (PR) in all quadrants, total hyphema, chemosis in supero-nasal conjunctiva and normal intraocular pressure (IOP). B-scan of LE showed extrusion of the lens into the supero-nasal subconjunctival space called phacocele, and vitreous hemorrhage. Wound exploration was done with removal of expelled lens and the scleral wound was sutured with 6/0 vicryl, followed by 25G pars plana vitrectomy with fluid gas exchange. Secondary IOL implantation is planned in next visit.
{"title":"TRAUMATIC PHACOCELE IN 55 YEARS OLD WOMAN FROM CHENNAI, INDIA","authors":"D. Bhatt, B. Chandrasekaran","doi":"10.46903/gjms/20.02.1053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/20.02.1053","url":null,"abstract":"A 55-years-old woman presented with profound sudden loss of vision in left eye (LE) after an injury in a road side accident. She had normal right eye. Left eye had perception of light (PL) with accurate projection of light (PR) in all quadrants, total hyphema, chemosis in supero-nasal conjunctiva and normal intraocular pressure (IOP). B-scan of LE showed extrusion of the lens into the supero-nasal subconjunctival space called phacocele, and vitreous hemorrhage. Wound exploration was done with removal of expelled lens and the scleral wound was sutured with 6/0 vicryl, followed by 25G pars plana vitrectomy with fluid gas exchange. Secondary IOL implantation is planned in next visit.","PeriodicalId":44174,"journal":{"name":"Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45185923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.46903/gjms/20.01.1044
S. Karim
Background: Today's clinicians have to adapt to rapidly changing medical environment and information overload. It has also been observed that family medicine residents study articles from journals of other specialties for updating their clinical knowledge base. The objective of this study was to determine the family medicine resident’s journal selection preferences in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Materials & Methods: This descriptive study was conducted from Dec 2018-May 2019 at Department of Family & Community Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Our population included 265 family medicine residents, taken as sample. After pilot testing, a confidential but anonymous questionnaire was mailed to 265 residents. Sex, age groups, training site were demographic, while choice of family medicine journals, selection of articles, patterns of educational activities and reasons for choosing specific journal were research variables. All data was categorical and was described as count and percentage with 95%CI. Results: The questionnaire response rate was 45.28% (120/265). Out of 120, 51 (42.5%) were men and 69 (57.5%) women. 84% belonged to age group 25-30 years. Most residents 55 (46.2%) were from Ministry of Health Centers. American Family Physician journal was most frequently accessed (94.16%), whereas Annals of Family Medicine was least accessed (15.83%). Journals selection criteria were based on EBM (45.43%) in most cases, while it was based on Institute for Scientific Information in 0.83% cases. Most (76.66%) residents were utilizing case study, while minimum (18.33%) residents were using journal club as learning tool. Majority of residents were choosing journals based on suggestions by colleagues (54.16%), while minimum by medical representatives (22.50%). Conclusion: The awareness of family practice journals that can make a family medicine resident think as a family physician was very low. By reading the high-quality family medicine journals they can learn to develop a family physicians’ approach which they can apply to the person rather than the disease alone. Supportive mentorship and guidance from a devoted faculty mentors should ensure the maintenance of this approach and should be maintained throughout the residency years.
{"title":"ARE FAMILY MEDICINE RESIDENTS USING JOURNALS PERTINENT TO THEIR DISCIPLINE IN RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA?","authors":"S. Karim","doi":"10.46903/gjms/20.01.1044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/20.01.1044","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Today's clinicians have to adapt to rapidly changing medical environment and information overload. It has also been observed that family medicine residents study articles from journals of other specialties for updating their clinical knowledge base. The objective of this study was to determine the family medicine resident’s journal selection preferences in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.\u0000\u0000Materials & Methods: This descriptive study was conducted from Dec 2018-May 2019 at Department of Family & Community Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Our population included 265 family medicine residents, taken as sample. After pilot testing, a confidential but anonymous questionnaire was mailed to 265 residents. Sex, age groups, training site were demographic, while choice of family medicine journals, selection of articles, patterns of educational activities and reasons for choosing specific journal were research variables. All data was categorical and was described as count and percentage with 95%CI.\u0000\u0000Results: The questionnaire response rate was 45.28% (120/265). Out of 120, 51 (42.5%) were men and 69 (57.5%) women. 84% belonged to age group 25-30 years. Most residents 55 (46.2%) were from Ministry of Health Centers. American Family Physician journal was most frequently accessed (94.16%), whereas Annals of Family Medicine was least accessed (15.83%). Journals selection criteria were based on EBM (45.43%) in most cases, while it was based on Institute for Scientific Information in 0.83% cases. Most (76.66%) residents were utilizing case study, while minimum (18.33%) residents were using journal club as learning tool. Majority of residents were choosing journals based on suggestions by colleagues (54.16%), while minimum by medical representatives (22.50%). \u0000\u0000Conclusion: The awareness of family practice journals that can make a family medicine resident think as a family physician was very low. By reading the high-quality family medicine journals they can learn to develop a family physicians’ approach which they can apply to the person rather than the disease alone. Supportive mentorship and guidance from a devoted faculty mentors should ensure the maintenance of this approach and should be maintained throughout the residency years.","PeriodicalId":44174,"journal":{"name":"Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49601508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present case of a 47 year male, who underwent elective surgical repair for inguinal hernia. During surgery, chyle was unexpectedly found in the hernia sac and abdominal cavity. A thorough diagnostic workup for chylous ascites was performed to rule out pre-existent underlying pathologies, and the patient was temporarily placed on a medium-chain triglyceride diet. No symptoms occurred afterwards. Based on the clinical course and results of additional investigations, this rare phenomenon has most likely occurred due to obstruction and potential rupture of lymphatic structures due to mechanical effects following intermittent incarceration and subsequent repetitive manual reduction of the symptomatic hernia including bowel loops as content of the hernia sac. A search was made and chylous ascites as hernial content was not reported in adults. This is a rare instance.
{"title":"CHYLE IN HERNIAL SAC IN CHYLOUS ASCITES IN 47 YEARS OLD MALE FROM CHENNAI, INDIA","authors":"Narendran Govindarajan, Raghupathy Thirunavukkarasu, Magesh Chandran","doi":"10.46903/gjms/20.01.1059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/20.01.1059","url":null,"abstract":"We present case of a 47 year male, who underwent elective surgical repair for inguinal hernia. During surgery, chyle was unexpectedly found in the hernia sac and abdominal cavity. A thorough diagnostic workup for chylous ascites was performed to rule out pre-existent underlying pathologies, and the patient was temporarily placed on a medium-chain triglyceride diet. No symptoms occurred afterwards. Based on the clinical course and results of additional investigations, this rare phenomenon has most likely occurred due to obstruction and potential rupture of lymphatic structures due to mechanical effects following intermittent incarceration and subsequent repetitive manual reduction of the symptomatic hernia including bowel loops as content of the hernia sac. A search was made and chylous ascites as hernial content was not reported in adults. This is a rare instance.","PeriodicalId":44174,"journal":{"name":"Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48500136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.46903/gjms/20.01.1090
M. Poyil, A. Geddawy, A. P. Mohideen, Karkuvelraja Raja
Background: Candidiasis in not uncommon among hospitalized patients. The fungal virulence and antifungal drug resistance make the host-parasite interactions complicated. The threat of azole drug resistance along with scarcity of antifungal therapies prompted the necessity of novel drug development from various natural sources. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anticandidal activity of Coriandrum sativum seed extracts against Candida albicans and Candida tropilcalis. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted at Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia from July 20, 2021 to September 26, 2021. The study analyzed anti-inflammatory assays via inhibition of albumin denaturation and hemolysis inhibition and anticandidal activity of the extract against Candida albicans and Candida tropilcalis by well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract was also determined against both the fungi. Results: Anti-inflammatory activity of Coriandrum sativum methanolic seed extracts were evaluated at five different concentrations from 100 µg to 1000 µg. The highest concentration showed 55.31±0.77% of inhibition of albumin denaturation, whereas the aspirin, the standard used, showed 80.33±0.32%. Coriandrum sativum seed extracts at 250 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml and 1000 mg/ml produced zones of growth inhibition with diameters 12.66±0.57, 17.66±0.57 and 24.33±1 mm against Candida albicans, and 10.33±0.57, 16.66±0.57 and 21.66±0.57 mm against Candida tropicalis. The MICs of the Coriandrum sativum seed extracts against Candida albicans was 1.95 mg and Candida tropicalis was 3.9 mg. Conclusion: Phytochemical compounds in methanolic seed extracts of Coriandrum sativum showed significant anticandidal activity against Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis with highest zone of inhibition at 1000 µg extract concentration. The lower MICs of Coriandrum sativum seed extracts against Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis were also significant. Considering all these findings along with the antioxidant activities, it could be suggested that Coriandrum sativum seed extracts can further be investigated for development of novel anticandidal drugs.
{"title":"ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-CANDIDAL ACTIVITY OF CORIANDRUM SATIVUM SEED EXTRACTS AGAINST CANDIDA ALBICANS AND CANDIDA TROPICALIS","authors":"M. Poyil, A. Geddawy, A. P. Mohideen, Karkuvelraja Raja","doi":"10.46903/gjms/20.01.1090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/20.01.1090","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Candidiasis in not uncommon among hospitalized patients. The fungal virulence and antifungal drug resistance make the host-parasite interactions complicated. The threat of azole drug resistance along with scarcity of antifungal therapies prompted the necessity of novel drug development from various natural sources. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anticandidal activity of Coriandrum sativum seed extracts against Candida albicans and Candida tropilcalis.\u0000\u0000Materials & Methods: This study was conducted at Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia from July 20, 2021 to September 26, 2021. The study analyzed anti-inflammatory assays via inhibition of albumin denaturation and hemolysis inhibition and anticandidal activity of the extract against Candida albicans and Candida tropilcalis by well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract was also determined against both the fungi.\u0000\u0000Results: Anti-inflammatory activity of Coriandrum sativum methanolic seed extracts were evaluated at five different concentrations from 100 µg to 1000 µg. The highest concentration showed 55.31±0.77% of inhibition of albumin denaturation, whereas the aspirin, the standard used, showed 80.33±0.32%. Coriandrum sativum seed extracts at 250 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml and 1000 mg/ml produced zones of growth inhibition with diameters 12.66±0.57, 17.66±0.57 and 24.33±1 mm against Candida albicans, and 10.33±0.57, 16.66±0.57 and 21.66±0.57 mm against Candida tropicalis. The MICs of the Coriandrum sativum seed extracts against Candida albicans was 1.95 mg and Candida tropicalis was 3.9 mg.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Phytochemical compounds in methanolic seed extracts of Coriandrum sativum showed significant anticandidal activity against Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis with highest zone of inhibition at 1000 µg extract concentration. The lower MICs of Coriandrum sativum seed extracts against Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis were also significant. Considering all these findings along with the antioxidant activities, it could be suggested that Coriandrum sativum seed extracts can further be investigated for development of novel anticandidal drugs.","PeriodicalId":44174,"journal":{"name":"Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43760620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.46903/gjms/20.01.1054
Veeramuthu Nithya, K. Prasad
Syphilis is caused by microaerophilic spirochete called treponema pallidum. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease. If left unnoticed and untreated, syphilis can progress from mild primary to severe tertiary stage. It is commonly seen in immunodeficient patients. Syphilis belongs to re-emerging group of diseases. The non- cancerous, granulomatous growth called gumma is present in tertiary syphilis. It can be on tongue or hard palate, which may develop into perforation of the hard palate.
{"title":"PALATAL PERFORATION DUE TO TERTIARY SYPHILIS IN 56 YEARS OLD MALE PATIENT FROM CHENNAI, INDIA","authors":"Veeramuthu Nithya, K. Prasad","doi":"10.46903/gjms/20.01.1054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/20.01.1054","url":null,"abstract":"Syphilis is caused by microaerophilic spirochete called treponema pallidum. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease. If left unnoticed and untreated, syphilis can progress from mild primary to severe tertiary stage. It is commonly seen in immunodeficient patients. Syphilis belongs to re-emerging group of diseases. The non- cancerous, granulomatous growth called gumma is present in tertiary syphilis. It can be on tongue or hard palate, which may develop into perforation of the hard palate.","PeriodicalId":44174,"journal":{"name":"Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43244299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.46903/gjms/20.01.1091
A. Amiri, Babak Naziri, A. Azizi, Saeedeh Mehraban, J. Butze
Background: One of the most important challenges in dental implant placement is supporting and preserving soft tissue and bone structures. Numerous studies on fixation of soft and hard tissues at the single or double teeth site have reported immediate placement using a flapless protocol, while many studies have reported fewer results in molar extraction solutions. The current study aims to determine the clinical outcome of peri-implant soft and hard tissues following immediate implant placement. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China, from January 2021 to September 2021. In this systematic review, the search strategy was to screen electronically all relevant, authentic articles on databases of Embase, LIVIVO, EBSCO, Web of Science, LILACS, Scopus, and PubMed, published from 2011 to September 2021. Risk ratio (RR) was determined for implant failure, and mean differences (MD) were determined for soft tissue, horizontal and vertical buccal bone resorption by 95% CI, Inverse-variance, and fixed effect model or Mantel-Haenszel method between the intervention (bone substitute material) and control (no bone substitute material) groups through Stata/MP v.16. Results: Risk ratio of implant failure was similar in intervention and control group 0.02 (RR=0.02; 95%CI=-0.04 to 0.08; p=0.49). Mean differences were statistically greater in intervention than control group for soft tissue 1.65 mm (95%CI=1.05 to 2.25; p=0.00), horizontal bone resorption -0.47 mm (95%CI=-0.77 to -0.17 mm; p=0.00) and vertical buccal bone resorption -0.14 mm (95%CI=-0.24 to -0.03 mm; p=0.01). Conclusion: Our findings revealed no significant difference in implant failure between an intervention (bone substitute material) and control (no bone substitute material) groups. Mean differences were statistically greater in the intervention than the control group for soft tissue, horizontal bone resorption, and vertical buccal bone resorption. Using bone substitute material can improve long-term peri-implant soft tissue, horizontal and vertical buccal bone resorption. It is recommended to use bone-substitute material with a thin buccal plate.
背景:牙种植体放置中最重要的挑战之一是支持和保存软组织和骨结构。许多关于单牙或双牙部位软硬组织固定的研究报道了使用无瓣方案立即放置，而许多研究报道了使用磨牙拔牙溶液的结果较少。本研究旨在确定即刻种植体放置后种植体周围软硬组织的临床结果。材料与方法:本研究于2021年1月- 2021年9月在中国西安西安交通大学口腔学院正畸科进行。在本系统综述中，检索策略是电子筛选2011年至2021年9月在Embase、LIVIVO、EBSCO、Web of Science、LILACS、Scopus和PubMed等数据库中发表的所有相关的、真实的文章。通过Stata/MP v.16，采用95% CI、反方差、固定效应模型或Mantel-Haenszel方法确定干预组(骨替代材料组)与对照组(无骨替代材料组)软组织、水平和垂直颊骨吸收的平均差异(MD)。结果:干预组种植体失败风险比与对照组相当，RR=0.02;95%CI=-0.04 ~ 0.08;p = 0.49)。干预组软组织的平均差异大于对照组1.65 mm (95%CI=1.05 ~ 2.25;p=0.00)，水平骨吸收-0.47 mm (95%CI=-0.77 ~ -0.17 mm;p=0.00)，垂直颊骨吸收-0.14 mm (95%CI=-0.24 ~ -0.03 mm;p = 0.01)。结论:我们的研究结果显示，干预组(骨替代材料)和对照组(无骨替代材料)在种植体失败方面没有显著差异。在软组织、水平骨吸收和垂直颊骨吸收方面，干预组的平均差异在统计学上大于对照组。使用骨替代材料可以改善种植体周围软组织、水平和垂直颊骨的长期吸收。建议使用带薄颊板的骨替代物。
{"title":"CLINICAL OUTCOME OF PERI-IMPLANT SOFT AND HARD TISSUES AFTER IMMEDIATE IMPLANT PLACEMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS","authors":"A. Amiri, Babak Naziri, A. Azizi, Saeedeh Mehraban, J. Butze","doi":"10.46903/gjms/20.01.1091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/20.01.1091","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the most important challenges in dental implant placement is supporting and preserving soft tissue and bone structures. Numerous studies on fixation of soft and hard tissues at the single or double teeth site have reported immediate placement using a flapless protocol, while many studies have reported fewer results in molar extraction solutions. The current study aims to determine the clinical outcome of peri-implant soft and hard tissues following immediate implant placement.\u0000\u0000Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China, from January 2021 to September 2021. In this systematic review, the search strategy was to screen electronically all relevant, authentic articles on databases of Embase, LIVIVO, EBSCO, Web of Science, LILACS, Scopus, and PubMed, published from 2011 to September 2021. Risk ratio (RR) was determined for implant failure, and mean differences (MD) were determined for soft tissue, horizontal and vertical buccal bone resorption by 95% CI, Inverse-variance, and fixed effect model or Mantel-Haenszel method between the intervention (bone substitute material) and control (no bone substitute material) groups through Stata/MP v.16.\u0000\u0000Results: Risk ratio of implant failure was similar in intervention and control group 0.02 (RR=0.02; 95%CI=-0.04 to 0.08; p=0.49). Mean differences were statistically greater in intervention than control group for soft tissue 1.65 mm (95%CI=1.05 to 2.25; p=0.00), horizontal bone resorption -0.47 mm (95%CI=-0.77 to -0.17 mm; p=0.00) and vertical buccal bone resorption -0.14 mm (95%CI=-0.24 to -0.03 mm; p=0.01).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Our findings revealed no significant difference in implant failure between an intervention (bone substitute material) and control (no bone substitute material) groups. Mean differences were statistically greater in the intervention than the control group for soft tissue, horizontal bone resorption, and vertical buccal bone resorption. Using bone substitute material can improve long-term peri-implant soft tissue, horizontal and vertical buccal bone resorption. It is recommended to use bone-substitute material with a thin buccal plate.","PeriodicalId":44174,"journal":{"name":"Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48817253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.46903/gjms/20.01.1078
F. Tahir, H. Ali, Iqra Taqi
In the past few years, medical plants research focused on a lot by scientists all over the world. Many evidence has been studied to show the potential effects of medicinal plants in the medical field. This is due to the presence of many metabolites in plants that includes flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and many hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic agents. This study aims to evaluate various medicinal plants for anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic activity in rats. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non communicable diseases present globally and it’s most lethal complication which developed is dyslipidemia which ultimately leads to cardiovascular events which are hard to control and it’s not possible to revert back its effects. Since ancient times plants have been the source of medicine. Many kinds of literature mentioned the use of plants in the treatment of various diseases. This review covers the anti-diabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of medicinal plants. Investigation of phytochemicals present in medicinal plants and their biological activities are reported. The hypolipidemic activity which is present in most medicinal plants is strongly associated with new drug development which will be used for high lipid profiles and cardiovascular disease.
{"title":"HYPOLIPIDEMIC AND HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN STZ (STREPTOZOTOCIN) INDUCED HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS AND THEIR ROLE IN HEALTH AND DISEASE","authors":"F. Tahir, H. Ali, Iqra Taqi","doi":"10.46903/gjms/20.01.1078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/20.01.1078","url":null,"abstract":"In the past few years, medical plants research focused on a lot by scientists all over the world. Many evidence has been studied to show the potential effects of medicinal plants in the medical field. This is due to the presence of many metabolites in plants that includes flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and many hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic agents.\u0000\u0000This study aims to evaluate various medicinal plants for anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic activity in rats. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non communicable diseases present globally and it’s most lethal complication which developed is dyslipidemia which ultimately leads to cardiovascular events which are hard to control and it’s not possible to revert back its effects. Since ancient times plants have been the source of medicine. Many kinds of literature mentioned the use of plants in the treatment of various diseases. This review covers the anti-diabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of medicinal plants. Investigation of phytochemicals present in medicinal plants and their biological activities are reported. The hypolipidemic activity which is present in most medicinal plants is strongly associated with new drug development which will be used for high lipid profiles and cardiovascular disease.","PeriodicalId":44174,"journal":{"name":"Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48389423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.46903/gjms/20.01.1025
M. Shahzadi, Muhammad Bilal, Shehzadi Gull Maida
In a society where humans work 24 hours a day, seven days a week, are portrayed as machines. Though this attitude allows them to be more innovative and financially successful, as well as establish a stable image in society. On the other hand, this approach is hollowing and draining them from within. Being a workaholic has serious consequences, such as being forgetful, dull, making mistakes, losing energy and capacity, and so on. Meditation is the only approach to reducing the effects of a workaholic because it can help us become less susceptible to mistakes.
{"title":"BE SMART WITH MEDITATION","authors":"M. Shahzadi, Muhammad Bilal, Shehzadi Gull Maida","doi":"10.46903/gjms/20.01.1025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/20.01.1025","url":null,"abstract":"In a society where humans work 24 hours a day, seven days a week, are portrayed as machines. Though this attitude allows them to be more innovative and financially successful, as well as establish a stable image in society. On the other hand, this approach is hollowing and draining them from within. Being a workaholic has serious consequences, such as being forgetful, dull, making mistakes, losing energy and capacity, and so on. Meditation is the only approach to reducing the effects of a workaholic because it can help us become less susceptible to mistakes.","PeriodicalId":44174,"journal":{"name":"Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47336357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.46903/gjms/20.01.1015
H. Khan, I. Khan, Atif Ahmad Khan, Asrar Ur Rahman, Z. Khan, Rahmat Ullah Khan
Background: High cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL and low HDL are high risk factors in type 2 diabetics in giving rise to cardiovascular diseases. The objectives of this study were to compare the serum concentrations (mg/dL) of cholesterol, TG, HDL and LDL in type 2 diabetics versus non-diabetic controls in adult population of district Bannu, Pakistan. Materials & Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Pathology, Bannu Medical College, Bannu, Pakistan from March, 2020 to February, 2021. Total known 100 type 2 diabetics along with 50 non-diabetic controls of >35 years age were selected. Those with acute myocardial infarction, acute cerebrovascular accident, chronic renal failure, acute burns, trauma, post-surgery, pregnant women and those taking lipid/ blood pressure lowering drugs were excluded. Socio-demographic variables were age in years, sex, occupation, residence and family income/month in PKR. Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL were four research variables on ratio scale and were analyzed by mean, SD and range with 95% CI. Independent samples t-test was used to compare the variables between the two groups. Results: The study group included 100 type 2 diabetics (66 men and 34 women) and 50 (29 men and 21 women) controls. Mean cholesterol concentration (mg/dL) was significantly higher (p=<.0001) in diabetics (208.22±55.24) than controls (150.26±25.29). Mean triglycerides concentration (mg/dL) was significantly higher (p=<.0001) in diabetics (202.58±82.62) than controls (157.88±53.42). Mean LDL concentration (mg/dL) was significantly higher (p=<.0001) in diabetics (148.11±55.06) than controls (113.22±32.97). Mean HDL concentration (mg/dL) was significantly lower (p=.002) in diabetics (42.48±14.24) than controls (49.38±11.76). Conclusion: The current study concludes that serum concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL were significantly higher in type 2 diabetics than controls, while HDL was lower in diabetics than controls. High cholesterol, TG and LDL along with low HDL are high risk factors in type 2 diabetics in giving rise to cardiovascular diseases; that needs evaluation at earlier stages.
{"title":"LIPID PROFILE IN TYPE 2 DIABETICS VERSUS NON-DIABETIC CONTROLS IN ADULT POPULATION OF DISTRICT BANNU, PAKISTAN","authors":"H. Khan, I. Khan, Atif Ahmad Khan, Asrar Ur Rahman, Z. Khan, Rahmat Ullah Khan","doi":"10.46903/gjms/20.01.1015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/20.01.1015","url":null,"abstract":"Background: High cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL and low HDL are high risk factors in type 2 diabetics in giving rise to cardiovascular diseases. The objectives of this study were to compare the serum concentrations (mg/dL) of cholesterol, TG, HDL and LDL in type 2 diabetics versus non-diabetic controls in adult population of district Bannu, Pakistan.\u0000\u0000Materials & Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Pathology, Bannu Medical College, Bannu, Pakistan from March, 2020 to February, 2021. Total known 100 type 2 diabetics along with 50 non-diabetic controls of >35 years age were selected. Those with acute myocardial infarction, acute cerebrovascular accident, chronic renal failure, acute burns, trauma, post-surgery, pregnant women and those taking lipid/ blood pressure lowering drugs were excluded. Socio-demographic variables were age in years, sex, occupation, residence and family income/month in PKR. Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL were four research variables on ratio scale and were analyzed by mean, SD and range with 95% CI. Independent samples t-test was used to compare the variables between the two groups.\u0000\u0000Results: The study group included 100 type 2 diabetics (66 men and 34 women) and 50 (29 men and 21 women) controls. Mean cholesterol concentration (mg/dL) was significantly higher (p=<.0001) in diabetics (208.22±55.24) than controls (150.26±25.29). Mean triglycerides concentration (mg/dL) was significantly higher (p=<.0001) in diabetics (202.58±82.62) than controls (157.88±53.42). Mean LDL concentration (mg/dL) was significantly higher (p=<.0001) in diabetics (148.11±55.06) than controls (113.22±32.97). Mean HDL concentration (mg/dL) was significantly lower (p=.002) in diabetics (42.48±14.24) than controls (49.38±11.76).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The current study concludes that serum concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL were significantly higher in type 2 diabetics than controls, while HDL was lower in diabetics than controls. High cholesterol, TG and LDL along with low HDL are high risk factors in type 2 diabetics in giving rise to cardiovascular diseases; that needs evaluation at earlier stages.","PeriodicalId":44174,"journal":{"name":"Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44632624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.46903/gjms/20.01.1087
M. H. Alsharif, M. A. Alfaki, J. M. Almasaad, N. Bakhit, A. Elamin, K. M. Taha
The anatomical variations of psoas minor muscle (PMM) vary greatly in terms of agenesis, attachments and morphology based on race and gender. In the current study, we report an extremely rare condition of distal attachment of psoas minor muscle during our routine dissection of a 52-year-old female body cadaver. We observed that the psoas minor muscle insertion was unique where it was inserted to the lesser trochanter of the femur. We believe that understanding these variations is essential to the effective execution and planning of radiological and surgical procedures and the correlation with many clinical conditions.
{"title":"TROCHANTERIC ATTACHMENT OF PSOAS MINOR MUSCLE IN 52 YEARS OLD FEMALE CADAVER IN ALKHARJ, SAUDI ARABIA","authors":"M. H. Alsharif, M. A. Alfaki, J. M. Almasaad, N. Bakhit, A. Elamin, K. M. Taha","doi":"10.46903/gjms/20.01.1087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/20.01.1087","url":null,"abstract":"The anatomical variations of psoas minor muscle (PMM) vary greatly in terms of agenesis, attachments and morphology based on race and gender. In the current study, we report an extremely rare condition of distal attachment of psoas minor muscle during our routine dissection of a 52-year-old female body cadaver. We observed that the psoas minor muscle insertion was unique where it was inserted to the lesser trochanter of the femur. We believe that understanding these variations is essential to the effective execution and planning of radiological and surgical procedures and the correlation with many clinical conditions.","PeriodicalId":44174,"journal":{"name":"Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43604510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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