E. Sumarni, Irmanida Batubara, H. Suhardiyanto, S. Widodo, M. Solahudin, E. Rohaeti, F. Laumal
Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molkenb) is a medicinal plant native to Indonesia known as Indonesian Viagra from Java. The decline and scarcity of Purwoceng is an important obstacle in meeting the demands of harvesting from the original habitat without conservation and the extreme climatic conditions in the Dieng plateau. Therefore, it is necessary to apply controlled cultivation technology, namely hydroponic technology with drip irrigation in the greenhouse, to increase the yield and quality of Purwoceng. This study aimed to obtain the effect of hydroponic methods and hydroponic nutrition (EC) on the yield and quality of Purwoceng. The study was conducted from December 2020 to March 2021 at a greenhouse of ± 1500 m above sea level. The experiment used a randomized block design with three replications. Each replication consisted of 15 plants. Hydroponic type, which was recirculating drip, non-circulating drip, and nutrient concentration which were 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm, and 2000 ppm. The harvest weight (aerial part and root), moisture, ash, crude fat, crude fiber, water extractive, and ethanol extractive content, and the contaminant (microbial and heavy metal) content, were analyzed. In conclusion, to produce high-quality Purwoceng, a hydroponic system could be used using recirculating drip and 1000 ppm nutrient dose.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF HYDROPONIC TECHNOLOGY TO THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF PURWOCENG \"VIAGRA FROM ASIA\"","authors":"E. Sumarni, Irmanida Batubara, H. Suhardiyanto, S. Widodo, M. Solahudin, E. Rohaeti, F. Laumal","doi":"10.35633/inmateh-69-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-69-04","url":null,"abstract":"Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molkenb) is a medicinal plant native to Indonesia known as Indonesian Viagra from Java. The decline and scarcity of Purwoceng is an important obstacle in meeting the demands of harvesting from the original habitat without conservation and the extreme climatic conditions in the Dieng plateau. Therefore, it is necessary to apply controlled cultivation technology, namely hydroponic technology with drip irrigation in the greenhouse, to increase the yield and quality of Purwoceng. This study aimed to obtain the effect of hydroponic methods and hydroponic nutrition (EC) on the yield and quality of Purwoceng. The study was conducted from December 2020 to March 2021 at a greenhouse of ± 1500 m above sea level. The experiment used a randomized block design with three replications. Each replication consisted of 15 plants. Hydroponic type, which was recirculating drip, non-circulating drip, and nutrient concentration which were 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm, and 2000 ppm. The harvest weight (aerial part and root), moisture, ash, crude fat, crude fiber, water extractive, and ethanol extractive content, and the contaminant (microbial and heavy metal) content, were analyzed. In conclusion, to produce high-quality Purwoceng, a hydroponic system could be used using recirculating drip and 1000 ppm nutrient dose.","PeriodicalId":44197,"journal":{"name":"INMATEH-Agricultural Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44722310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Trokhaniak, Nadia Spodyniuk, T. Lendiel, P. Luzan, A. Mishchenko, S. Tarasenko, L. Popa, C. Ionita
One of the main factors in the poultry house is maintaining a standardized microclimate. The quality of the product output in the final result depends precisely on the quality indicators of the air parameters. Poultry during its maintenance requires significant efforts and technological solutions. In this regard, authors improved microclimate system in air environment of the poultry house by installing exhaust fans on the side wall in a total number of 8 units. CFD modeling using ANSYS Fluent is a powerful tool for predicting the air flow scheme in a poultry house and is considered an alternative to experimental studies. Based on the obtained results of CFD modeling, it was established that the valves located at a height of 330 mm from the ceiling work most efficiently. Pressure drop for the inlet valves is 45.85 Pa. Air velocity at the inlet of the supply valves is equal to 9.17 m/s. Air velocity at a height of 0.7 m from the floor level varies within 0.57 m/s, the temperature is 9.91 °С.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF AN IMPROVED SIDE VENTILATION SYSTEM IN A POULTRY HOUSE USING CFD","authors":"V. Trokhaniak, Nadia Spodyniuk, T. Lendiel, P. Luzan, A. Mishchenko, S. Tarasenko, L. Popa, C. Ionita","doi":"10.35633/inmateh-69-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-69-11","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main factors in the poultry house is maintaining a standardized microclimate. The quality of the product output in the final result depends precisely on the quality indicators of the air parameters. Poultry during its maintenance requires significant efforts and technological solutions. In this regard, authors improved microclimate system in air environment of the poultry house by installing exhaust fans on the side wall in a total number of 8 units. CFD modeling using ANSYS Fluent is a powerful tool for predicting the air flow scheme in a poultry house and is considered an alternative to experimental studies. Based on the obtained results of CFD modeling, it was established that the valves located at a height of 330 mm from the ceiling work most efficiently. Pressure drop for the inlet valves is 45.85 Pa. Air velocity at the inlet of the supply valves is equal to 9.17 m/s. Air velocity at a height of 0.7 m from the floor level varies within 0.57 m/s, the temperature is 9.91 °С.","PeriodicalId":44197,"journal":{"name":"INMATEH-Agricultural Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45547278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZhongLing Xia, WeiHan Chen, Hang Zhao, Weidong Song, Ling Yang, Mingjin Yang
In traditional Chinese Baijiu (white wine) brewing factory, most processes were usually done manually. In order to promote industrial automation in liquor brewing industry and alleviate highly repetitive manual labor, an industrial robot operating system equipped with machine vision was designed to accomplish caldron feeding process during the distillation of Chinese Baijiu. Firstly, Modified D-H method was used to establish robot kinematics model. Shovel actuators and peripheral devices were designed to spread and transport grains during caldron feeding process. After that, an online detection system based on machine vision and master computer were designed to control key parameters of caldron feeding process, including grains height, caldron pressure, robot speed and waiting time, etc. Finally, multiple brewing experiments were carried out on crushed grains and spent grains. The experimental results showed that robot system maximum working space was 3.15 m, which could feed 3 caldrons at the same time. During Chinese Baijiu distillation, air pressure average error in caldron was 8.28 %. High proportion of first-class liquor and second-class liquor was obtained, which met engineering production requirements.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ROBOT AND MACHINE VISION IN INTELLIGENT CALDRON FEEDING PROCESS OF CHINESE BAIJIU","authors":"ZhongLing Xia, WeiHan Chen, Hang Zhao, Weidong Song, Ling Yang, Mingjin Yang","doi":"10.35633/inmateh-69-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-69-03","url":null,"abstract":"In traditional Chinese Baijiu (white wine) brewing factory, most processes were usually done manually. In order to promote industrial automation in liquor brewing industry and alleviate highly repetitive manual labor, an industrial robot operating system equipped with machine vision was designed to accomplish caldron feeding process during the distillation of Chinese Baijiu. Firstly, Modified D-H method was used to establish robot kinematics model. Shovel actuators and peripheral devices were designed to spread and transport grains during caldron feeding process. After that, an online detection system based on machine vision and master computer were designed to control key parameters of caldron feeding process, including grains height, caldron pressure, robot speed and waiting time, etc. Finally, multiple brewing experiments were carried out on crushed grains and spent grains. The experimental results showed that robot system maximum working space was 3.15 m, which could feed 3 caldrons at the same time. During Chinese Baijiu distillation, air pressure average error in caldron was 8.28 %. High proportion of first-class liquor and second-class liquor was obtained, which met engineering production requirements.","PeriodicalId":44197,"journal":{"name":"INMATEH-Agricultural Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42336952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The spring finger collection mechanism is a core component of balers. It is usually used to collect soft straw crops (corn straw, wheat straw, green forage), and rarely used for hard stem crops (such as branch pruning residues). Due to different biophysical characteristics of hard stem crops and soft straw crops, the collection mechanisms are also different. In China, branch pruning residues in apple orchards are collected manually. It is a heavy labor task. To this end, this article uses an improved spring finger mechanism to collect pruning residues in apple orchard branches, effectively replacing manual collection operations. A dynamic motion trajectory simulation platform is developed by analyzing each action using pitchforks or other agricultural tools throughout the entire collection process, and combined with the structure of the spring finger collection mechanism. The platform of the spring finger collection mechanism is improved to collect orchard branches, and redesign and manufacture the core components of the collection mechanism. In addition, comparative tests were performed on4 different placement orientation sunder the conditions of R=40±2 r/min and V=0.9-1.1 m/s. That is, 1) messy, 2) transverse, 3) portrait orientation (the treetop firstly contacts the collection device), and 4) portrait orientation (the thick stems of the branches first touch the collection device). The results indicate that 1) and 2) have similar success rates in picking branches, while 3) and 4) have lower success rates, especially with 4) being the lowest). The analysis found that some branches were directly inserted into the spring finger gap and moved under the machine, resulting in a large amount of losses. This study aims to improve the success rate of picking branches in the bundling machine and verify the relationship between different placement directions and the success rate of picking branches.
{"title":"RESEARCH ON KINEMATICS SIMULATION AND DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE COLLECTION MECHANISM OF ORCHARD BRANCHES","authors":"Hui Li, Xin Yang, Aiqian Yang","doi":"10.35633/inmateh-69-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-69-47","url":null,"abstract":"The spring finger collection mechanism is a core component of balers. It is usually used to collect soft straw crops (corn straw, wheat straw, green forage), and rarely used for hard stem crops (such as branch pruning residues). Due to different biophysical characteristics of hard stem crops and soft straw crops, the collection mechanisms\u0000are also different. In China, branch pruning residues in apple orchards are collected manually. It is a heavy labor task. To this end, this article uses an improved spring finger mechanism to collect pruning residues in apple orchard branches, effectively replacing manual collection operations. A dynamic motion trajectory simulation platform is\u0000developed by analyzing each action using pitchforks or other agricultural tools throughout the entire collection process, and combined with the structure of the spring finger collection mechanism. The platform of the spring finger collection mechanism is improved to collect orchard branches, and redesign and manufacture the core\u0000components of the collection mechanism. In addition, comparative tests were performed on4 different placement orientation sunder the conditions of R=40±2 r/min and V=0.9-1.1 m/s. That is, 1) messy, 2) transverse, 3) portrait orientation (the treetop firstly contacts the collection device), and 4) portrait orientation (the thick stems of the\u0000branches first touch the collection device). The results indicate that 1) and 2) have similar success rates in picking branches, while 3) and 4) have lower success rates, especially with 4) being the lowest). The analysis found that some branches were directly inserted into the spring finger gap and moved under the machine, resulting in a large amount of losses. This study aims to improve the success rate of picking branches in the bundling machine and verify the relationship between different placement directions and the success rate of picking branches.","PeriodicalId":44197,"journal":{"name":"INMATEH-Agricultural Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43305141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Golub, O. Kepko, Olexander Pushka, Z. Kovtuniuk, Timofii Kotliar
Economic efficiency of greenhouse vegetable growing depends quite significantly on the cost of energy carriers, which is why the introduction of energy-saving technologies in greenhouse vegetable growing is an urgent issue. One of the ways to save energy resources can be the use of a closed ventilation system of the "plant greenhouse - mushroom greenhouse" type, which is based on the opposite type of respiration of plants and mushrooms. A closed ventilation system includes air exchange between the greenhouse with growing plants and the cultivation room for growing mushrooms. The closed ventilation system allows you to save energy by reducing the heating of the incoming air, as well as increasing the yield of vegetable products due to the increased concentrations of carbon dioxide in the air that flows from the cultivation room for mushrooms to the greenhouse and mushrooms due to the increased concentrations of oxygen in the air that flows into the cultivation room for mushrooms from the greenhouse. Mathematical modeling of the process of heat transfer between greenhouses makes it possible to simulate transitional processes between rooms in order to assess the quality and accuracy of regulation, as well as to evaluate the parameters of the object in transitional modes. Mathematical modeling of dynamic processes is the basis for the formulation of transfer functions for the automatic control system. As a result of the study, mathematical models of the temperature dynamics of the substrate of mushrooms and greenhouse vegetables were obtained due to the analytical solution of the system of differential equations. The adequacy of the solution was verified by the Runge-Kutta method and compared with experimental data. The difference between the theoretical and experimental values is not significant and amounted to -3 % for the substrate temperature and -3.2 % for the air temperature.
{"title":"MODELING OF SUBSTRATE AND AIR TEMPERATURE DYNAMICS IN THE MUSHROOM GREENHOUSE","authors":"G. Golub, O. Kepko, Olexander Pushka, Z. Kovtuniuk, Timofii Kotliar","doi":"10.35633/inmateh-69-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-69-29","url":null,"abstract":"Economic efficiency of greenhouse vegetable growing depends quite significantly on the cost of energy carriers, which is why the introduction of energy-saving technologies in greenhouse vegetable growing is an urgent issue. One of the ways to save energy resources can be the use of a closed ventilation system of the \"plant greenhouse - mushroom greenhouse\" type, which is based on the opposite type of respiration of plants and mushrooms. A closed ventilation system includes air exchange between the greenhouse with growing plants and the cultivation room for growing mushrooms. The closed ventilation system allows you to save energy by reducing the heating of the incoming air, as well as increasing the yield of vegetable products due to the increased concentrations of carbon dioxide in the air that flows from the cultivation room for mushrooms to the greenhouse and mushrooms due to the increased concentrations of oxygen in the air that flows into the cultivation room for mushrooms from the greenhouse. Mathematical modeling of the process of heat transfer between greenhouses makes it possible to simulate transitional processes between rooms in order to assess the quality and accuracy of regulation, as well as to evaluate the parameters of the object in transitional modes. Mathematical modeling of dynamic processes is the basis for the formulation of transfer functions for the automatic control system. As a result of the study, mathematical models of the temperature dynamics of the substrate of mushrooms and greenhouse vegetables were obtained due to the analytical solution of the system of differential equations. The adequacy of the solution was verified by the Runge-Kutta method and compared with experimental data. The difference between the theoretical and experimental values is not significant and amounted to -3 % for the substrate temperature and -3.2 % for the air temperature.","PeriodicalId":44197,"journal":{"name":"INMATEH-Agricultural Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49650598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emil Tudor, M. Matache, I. Vasile, I. Sburlan, V. Ștefan
The development of an electric vehicle harvester for aquatic vegetation is a technical challenge for researchers due to specific requirements: high-torque operation at low travel speeds, high maneuverability, high load capacity, low draught, and affordable price. The collective of authors proposed an electro-hydraulic architecture based on paddles driven by hydraulic motors for propulsion and auxiliary services also driven by motors and hydraulic actuators. The proposed energy source for the aquatic harvester is electric batteries, it was developed a system of 33 kWh Li-Ion batteries connected in parallel, which power an electronic converter and a 14.5 kW rated power electric motor that drives a hydraulic double-circuit pump. The vehicle can be controlled remotely. The paper presents the prototype made and the results obtained during laboratory tests performed for the electric powering system.
{"title":"ELECTRIC DRIVE SYSTEM POWERED BY Li-ION BATTERIES FOR AQUATIC BIOMASS HARVESTER","authors":"Emil Tudor, M. Matache, I. Vasile, I. Sburlan, V. Ștefan","doi":"10.35633/inmateh-69-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-69-58","url":null,"abstract":"The development of an electric vehicle harvester for aquatic vegetation is a technical challenge for researchers due to specific requirements: high-torque operation at low travel speeds, high maneuverability, high load capacity, low draught, and affordable price. The collective of authors proposed an electro-hydraulic architecture based on paddles driven by hydraulic motors for propulsion and auxiliary services also driven by motors and hydraulic actuators. The proposed energy source for the aquatic harvester is electric batteries, it was developed a system of 33 kWh Li-Ion batteries connected in parallel, which power an electronic converter and a 14.5 kW rated power electric motor that drives a hydraulic double-circuit pump. The vehicle can be controlled remotely. The paper presents the prototype made and the results obtained during laboratory tests performed for the electric powering system.","PeriodicalId":44197,"journal":{"name":"INMATEH-Agricultural Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42970593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of ecological restoration and rehabilitation of grasslands is to recreate the original appearance of damaged or degraded vegetation. From previous research, the pneumatic spraying technology is now more commonly used in the world for vegetation restoration. Pneumatic spraying is relatively inexpensive and causes little damage to the original vegetation, making it one of the most effective techniques for restoring natural grassland vegetation under natural climatic conditions. In this paper, the effect of the spraying machine pipe working airflow on the quality of spraying was studied through simulation analysis and experimental tests. The seeding area of the spraying machine corresponding to different values of the pipe inlet airflow speed was determined. The conclusions show that: 1) the spray pipe inlet airflow velocity has a great influence on the uniformity of spraying. When the airflow velocity is higher than 55 m/s, the spraying is not uniform, while the airflow velocity is lower than 45 m/s, the spraying amplitude is smaller, the operational efficiency is low, which is not conducive to the restoration of degraded grasslands; 2) considering the uniformity of spraying and operational efficiency, the airflow velocity at the inlet of the spray pipe should be between 45 and 55 m/s when the spraying machine is in operation. The seed drop area is changed, by adjusting the airflow velocity of the spray pipe inlet, and the reseeding and leakage area of the seed drop area is reduced, so that the spraying performance of the spraying machine is optimized.
{"title":"RESEARCH ON THE SPRAY CYLINDER INTERNAL FLOW FIELD AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SPRAYING QUALITY OF FORAGE SEED SPRAY SEEDING MACHINE","authors":"Yan Chen, Hua Guo, S. Fu, Rui Zhang, Ming Zhang","doi":"10.35633/inmateh-69-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-69-54","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of ecological restoration and rehabilitation of grasslands is to recreate the original appearance of damaged or degraded vegetation. From previous research, the pneumatic spraying technology is now more commonly used in the world for vegetation restoration. Pneumatic spraying is relatively inexpensive and causes little damage to the original vegetation, making it one of the most effective techniques for restoring natural grassland vegetation under natural climatic conditions. In this paper, the effect of the spraying machine pipe working airflow on the quality of spraying was studied through simulation analysis and experimental tests. The seeding area of the spraying machine corresponding to different values of the pipe inlet airflow speed was\u0000determined. The conclusions show that: 1) the spray pipe inlet airflow velocity has a great influence on the uniformity of spraying. When the airflow velocity is higher than 55 m/s, the spraying is not uniform, while the airflow velocity is lower than 45 m/s, the spraying amplitude is smaller, the operational efficiency is low, which\u0000is not conducive to the restoration of degraded grasslands; 2) considering the uniformity of spraying and operational efficiency, the airflow velocity at the inlet of the spray pipe should be between 45 and 55 m/s when the spraying machine is in operation. The seed drop area is changed, by adjusting the airflow velocity of the\u0000spray pipe inlet, and the reseeding and leakage area of the seed drop area is reduced, so that the spraying performance of the spraying machine is optimized.","PeriodicalId":44197,"journal":{"name":"INMATEH-Agricultural Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45247725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shilei Kang, Jiaxuan Lu, Huhu Yang, Yanxi Guo, Junlin He
The mechanical parameters of Cerasus humilis are the basic data for subsequent studies on fruit deformation, damage, and movement characteristics during harvesting and transportation, but these parameters are rarely reported. Relevant mechanical parameters of whole fruit compression are calculated by comparing physical tests and virtual simulations. The orthogonal rotating combined experimental design was used to arrange the simulation tests, with the elastic modulus (E), yield limit (Ey), and tangent modulus (Et) as the influence factors and compression force as the result. Response surface optimization was employed to find the closest test point to the force–deformation curve of the physical test. The parameters of the pulp test point are as follows: E = 0.923 MPa, Ey = 0.0897 MPa, and Et = 0.478 MPa. Results show that the step on the force–deformation curve was not the beginning of the pulp yield, which was substantially earlier than the strain rate at the simulation step. The region of increased stress in the pulp first appeared at the junction with the core due to stress concentration. Combining virtual and physical tests to solve the mechanical parameters of fruits is more suitable than testing the standard pulp sample.
{"title":"MECHANICAL MODEL OF CERASUS HUMILIS ESTABLISHED BY UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION PHYSICAL TEST AND VIRTUAL SIMULATION","authors":"Shilei Kang, Jiaxuan Lu, Huhu Yang, Yanxi Guo, Junlin He","doi":"10.35633/inmateh-69-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-69-50","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanical parameters of Cerasus humilis are the basic data for subsequent studies on fruit deformation, damage, and movement characteristics during harvesting and transportation, but these parameters are rarely reported. Relevant mechanical parameters of whole fruit compression are calculated by comparing physical tests and virtual simulations. The orthogonal rotating combined experimental design was used to arrange the simulation tests, with the elastic modulus (E), yield limit (Ey), and tangent modulus (Et) as the influence factors and compression force as the result. Response surface optimization was employed to find the closest test point to the force–deformation curve of the physical test. The parameters of the pulp test point are as follows: E = 0.923 MPa, Ey = 0.0897 MPa, and Et = 0.478 MPa. Results show that the step on the force–deformation curve was not the beginning of the pulp yield, which was substantially earlier than the strain rate at the simulation step. The region of increased stress in the pulp first appeared at the junction with the core due to stress concentration. Combining virtual and physical tests to solve the mechanical parameters of fruits is more suitable than testing the standard pulp sample.","PeriodicalId":44197,"journal":{"name":"INMATEH-Agricultural Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49249992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guoliang Wang, Huiling Du, Wenjun Wang, Jiang-hua Zhao, Hong Li, Erhu Guo, Zhiwei Li
Soil nutrient content is an important index to evaluate the growing environment of crops. Rapid access to soil nutrient information is an important requirement for the development of modern precision agriculture, while the detection of soil organic matter content is a necessary condition for understanding the basic soil fertility and implementing crop precision cultivation. In this paper, the soil of rural fields in the southeast of Shanxi Province before sowing was taken as the research object. 111 soil samples to be tested were collected. After the process of drying, impurity removal and grinding, the hyperspectral data of the Region of interest (ROI) of the samples were collected, and then the chemical determination of soil organic matter content was conducted. The original spectral data matrix was pretreated by numerical transformation operations, such as arithmetic mean, average deviation, 1st derivation, natural logarithm and mixed multiplication, and a Partial least square regression (PLSR) quantitative analysis model was established. In these models, the obtained prediction set RP value under the pretreatment of F(A)*ln(AD) was the highest, reaching 0.8859. For spectral data preprocessed by F(A)* Ln (AD), the Competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) algorithm and Random frog (RF) algorithm were used to select key variables. The PLSR model was established by using F(A)* Ln (AD)&CARS data processing method, and the RP value was increased to 0.9545. The prediction results can accurately reflect the real content of soil organic matter. The results of this study can provide theoretical support for the application of hyperspectral imaging technology in the determination of soil organic matter content, and provide a reference for the rapid detection of other soil components.
{"title":"RESEARCH ON PREDICTION OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT BASED ON HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING","authors":"Guoliang Wang, Huiling Du, Wenjun Wang, Jiang-hua Zhao, Hong Li, Erhu Guo, Zhiwei Li","doi":"10.35633/inmateh-69-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-69-06","url":null,"abstract":"Soil nutrient content is an important index to evaluate the growing environment of crops. Rapid access to soil nutrient information is an important requirement for the development of modern precision agriculture, while the detection of soil organic matter content is a necessary condition for understanding the basic soil fertility and implementing crop precision cultivation. In this paper, the soil of rural fields in the southeast of Shanxi Province before sowing was taken as the research object. 111 soil samples to be tested were collected. After the process of drying, impurity removal and grinding, the hyperspectral data of the Region of interest (ROI) of the samples were collected, and then the chemical determination of soil organic matter content was conducted. The original spectral data matrix was pretreated by numerical transformation operations, such as arithmetic mean, average deviation, 1st derivation, natural logarithm and mixed multiplication, and a Partial least square regression (PLSR) quantitative analysis model was established. In these models, the obtained prediction set RP value under the pretreatment of F(A)*ln(AD) was the highest, reaching 0.8859. For spectral data preprocessed by F(A)* Ln (AD), the Competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) algorithm and Random frog (RF) algorithm were used to select key variables. The PLSR model was established by using F(A)* Ln (AD)&CARS data processing method, and the RP value was increased to 0.9545. The prediction results can accurately reflect the real content of soil organic matter. The results of this study can provide theoretical support for the application of hyperspectral imaging technology in the determination of soil organic matter content, and provide a reference for the rapid detection of other soil components.","PeriodicalId":44197,"journal":{"name":"INMATEH-Agricultural Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49585016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes the design and implementation of a wireless sensor based on NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things) for monitoring agricultural environmental information. The sensor is capable of real-time monitoring of four environmental parameters, including ambient temperature, relative humidity, illuminance, and CO2 concentration. In the hardware design, sensor elements are selected based on the measurement ranges and accuracies specified in agricultural environmental monitoring industry standards. The hardware circuit is designed using the BC35-G type NB-IoT module and STM32 MCU (Microcontroller Unit). In the software design, data from the environmental parameters are collected and processed by the STM32 MCU and sent to the OneNET cloud platform through the NB-IoT module. The OneNET cloud platform enables users to view the relevant environmental data collected by the sensors using mobile phones and other mobile terminals. To test the effectiveness of the developed sensors, they were tested in a glass greenhouse at Fuyang Ziqing Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. in Anhui Province. The results demonstrate that the sensors can accurately collect the data of relevant environmental parameters and can provide stable wireless transmission of data remotely, making them suitable for practical engineering applications. In summary, this wireless remote monitoring sensor based on NB-IoT represents a significant advancement in the field of agricultural automation. The sensor's ability to accurately monitor and wirelessly transmit data in real-time provides farmers with valuable information to optimize crop growth and maximize yields.
{"title":"A WIRELESS REMOTE MONITORING SENSOR FOR AGRICULTURAL ENVIRONMENT BASED ON NB-IoT","authors":"Zhenfeng Xu, Jiajian Yang, H. Zhou, Yunfang Hou","doi":"10.35633/inmateh-69-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-69-26","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the design and implementation of a wireless sensor based on NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things) for monitoring agricultural environmental information. The sensor is capable of real-time monitoring of four environmental parameters, including ambient temperature, relative humidity, illuminance, and CO2 concentration. In the hardware design, sensor elements are selected based on the measurement ranges and accuracies specified in agricultural environmental monitoring industry standards. The hardware circuit is designed using the BC35-G type NB-IoT module and STM32 MCU (Microcontroller Unit). In the software design, data from the environmental parameters are collected and processed by the STM32 MCU and sent to the OneNET cloud platform through the NB-IoT module. The OneNET cloud platform enables users to view the relevant environmental data collected by the sensors using mobile phones and other mobile terminals. To test the effectiveness of the developed sensors, they were tested in a glass greenhouse at Fuyang Ziqing Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. in Anhui Province. The results demonstrate that the sensors\u0000can accurately collect the data of relevant environmental parameters and can provide stable wireless transmission of data remotely, making them suitable for practical engineering applications. In summary, this wireless remote monitoring sensor based on NB-IoT represents a significant advancement in the field of agricultural automation. The sensor's ability to accurately monitor and wirelessly transmit data in real-time provides farmers with valuable information to optimize crop growth and maximize yields.","PeriodicalId":44197,"journal":{"name":"INMATEH-Agricultural Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48664505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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