首页 > 最新文献

International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations最新文献

英文 中文
The Worker and the Law Revisited: Conceptualizing Legal Participation Mobilization and Consciousness at Work 重新审视工人与法律:法律参与、动员和工作意识的概念化
IF 0.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.54648/ijcl2022008
E. Kirk
Situating legal mobilization within a wide-ranging conceptual framework of worker activity that goes beyond recent interest in ‘strategic litigation’ and related organizing in the gig economy, this contribution explores the fundamental relationship between ‘laypeople’, i.e., the non-professional subjects of law, and labour law. Notwithstanding a growing interest in empirical labour law research, there remains a lack of conceptual clarity and rigorous evidence pertaining to how workers, activists and employers think about law and how this has evolved over time. The idea, often implicit within policy discourses, that we have become increasingly ‘legally minded’, and the implications of this, remain particularly underexplored. This article develops understanding of what legal mobilization is, does, or potentially can do, mapping the range of ways in which ‘laypeople’ may invoke or engage with law at work, distinguishing between activities defined as (1) legal participation; (2) mobilization; and (3) consciousness. This schema goes beyond the more obvious ways in which laypeople engage formal legal institutions, ‘strategically’ or otherwise, towards everyday processes of constructing ‘legalities’. The concept of legalities, meaning taken-forgranted assumptions about what is ‘legal’, provides a lens through which to view the ideological processes involved in the constitution of society and economic institutions through law and vice versa. Revisiting the theme of the worker and the law, this schema focuses as much on how the worker understands and acts upon the conceptions of law as much as how the law characterizes and protects the worker, and how the interrelations between the two may have evolved over time.Legal Participation, Mobilization, Consciousness, Juridification, Individual Employment Rights, Employment Tribunals
这篇文章将法律动员置于工人活动的广泛概念框架内,超越了最近对零工经济中“战略诉讼”和相关组织的兴趣,探讨了“外行”(即非专业法律主体)与劳动法之间的基本关系。尽管人们对实证劳动法研究越来越感兴趣,但对于工人、活动家和雇主如何看待法律以及法律如何随着时间的推移而演变,仍然缺乏概念上的清晰性和严格的证据。政策话语中经常隐含的一种观点是,我们变得越来越“有法律意识”,这一观点的含义仍然没有得到充分的探索。这篇文章加深了对法律动员是什么、做什么或可能做什么的理解,描绘了“外行”在工作中援引或参与法律的方式范围,区分了定义为(1)法律参与的活动;(2) 动员;(3)意识。这种模式超越了普通人参与正式法律机构的更明显的方式,无论是“战略性的”还是其他方式,走向构建“合法性”的日常过程。合法性的概念,即对什么是“合法的”的假定,提供了一个视角,通过法律来看待社会和经济制度构成中涉及的意识形态过程,反之亦然。重新审视工人和法律的主题,这一模式既关注工人如何理解法律概念并对其采取行动,也关注法律如何表征和保护工人,以及两者之间的相互关系如何随着时间的推移而演变。法律参与、动员、意识、陪审、个人就业权利、就业法庭
{"title":"The Worker and the Law Revisited: Conceptualizing Legal Participation Mobilization and Consciousness at Work","authors":"E. Kirk","doi":"10.54648/ijcl2022008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2022008","url":null,"abstract":"Situating legal mobilization within a wide-ranging conceptual framework of worker activity that goes beyond recent interest in ‘strategic litigation’ and related organizing in the gig economy, this contribution explores the fundamental relationship between ‘laypeople’, i.e., the non-professional subjects of law, and labour law. Notwithstanding a growing interest in empirical labour law research, there remains a lack of conceptual clarity and rigorous evidence pertaining to how workers, activists and employers think about law and how this has evolved over time. The idea, often implicit within policy discourses, that we have become increasingly ‘legally minded’, and the implications of this, remain particularly underexplored. This article develops understanding of what legal mobilization is, does, or potentially can do, mapping the range of ways in which ‘laypeople’ may invoke or engage with law at work, distinguishing between activities defined as (1) legal participation; (2) mobilization; and (3) consciousness. This schema goes beyond the more obvious ways in which laypeople engage formal legal institutions, ‘strategically’ or otherwise, towards everyday processes of constructing ‘legalities’. The concept of legalities, meaning taken-forgranted assumptions about what is ‘legal’, provides a lens through which to view the ideological processes involved in the constitution of society and economic institutions through law and vice versa. Revisiting the theme of the worker and the law, this schema focuses as much on how the worker understands and acts upon the conceptions of law as much as how the law characterizes and protects the worker, and how the interrelations between the two may have evolved over time.\u0000Legal Participation, Mobilization, Consciousness, Juridification, Individual Employment Rights, Employment Tribunals","PeriodicalId":44213,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48350517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Workplace Mental Health Law: Perspectives Based on a Comparative Analysis of Legislation in Seven Countries 职场心理卫生法:基于七国立法比较分析的视角
IF 0.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.54648/ijcl2022003
T. Mishiba
This article summarizes the outcome of a comparative legal analysis conducted in seven countries (UK, Denmark, the Netherlands, France, Germany, US, and Japan) to obtain practical and theoretical insights into prevention and appropriate responses to the increasing issues around mental health in the workplace. The author worked closely with experts in a wide range of fields, including psychiatry, occupational medicine, business administration, human resources management, and sociology to characterize the issue and identify effective approaches from a legal perspective. Based on the findings, this article emphasizes the importance of ensuring procedural rationality and establishing a ‘circle of responsibility’ among the relevant parties.Workplace Mental Health, Psycho-Social Risks, Labour Law, Disability Discrimination Act, Organizational Psychology, Stress-Check System
本文总结了在七个国家(英国、丹麦、荷兰、法国、德国、美国和日本)进行的比较法律分析的结果,以获得对预防和适当应对工作场所日益增多的心理健康问题的实际和理论见解。作者与精神病学、职业医学、工商管理、人力资源管理和社会学等广泛领域的专家密切合作,从法律角度描述了这一问题,并确定了有效的方法。基于调查结果,本文强调了确保程序合理性和在相关各方之间建立“责任圈”的重要性。工作场所心理健康、心理社会风险、劳动法、残疾歧视法、组织心理学、压力检查系统
{"title":"Workplace Mental Health Law: Perspectives Based on a Comparative Analysis of Legislation in Seven Countries","authors":"T. Mishiba","doi":"10.54648/ijcl2022003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2022003","url":null,"abstract":"This article summarizes the outcome of a comparative legal analysis conducted in seven countries (UK, Denmark, the Netherlands, France, Germany, US, and Japan) to obtain practical and theoretical insights into prevention and appropriate responses to the increasing issues around mental health in the workplace. The author worked closely with experts in a wide range of fields, including psychiatry, occupational medicine, business administration, human resources management, and sociology to characterize the issue and identify effective approaches from a legal perspective. Based on the findings, this article emphasizes the importance of ensuring procedural rationality and establishing a ‘circle of responsibility’ among the relevant parties.\u0000Workplace Mental Health, Psycho-Social Risks, Labour Law, Disability Discrimination Act, Organizational Psychology, Stress-Check System","PeriodicalId":44213,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44494874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adjudicatory Institutions for Individual Employment Disputes: Formation, Development and Effectiveness 个人劳动纠纷裁判机构:形成、发展与效力
IF 0.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.54648/ijcl2022001
S. Corby
This article focuses on first instance discrete adjudicatory institutions for the determination of individual employment disputes, generically known as labour courts, in seven countries: France, Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand and Sweden. First, it traces their formation and subsequent development, applying Thelen’s fourfold typology of displacement, conversion, layering and drift. Sometimes, this typology is appropriate: French and Swedish labour courts have drifted, and in Germany there was displacement after World War 1. Sometimes, however, the typology, is inappropriate. In Ireland, there has been amalgamation and in New Zealand there was displacement and then adaptation. It next seeks to understand which of the seven institutions performs the most effectively, examining several criteria including the legitimacy of the labour court, speed, accessibility, cost, informality, and the propagation of legal norms. It finds that comparisons are limited because adjudicatory institutions need to be judged in their specific national context. Moreover, effectiveness depends on the criterion that is adopted: an institution that scores highly on one criterion does not necessarily do so on another. Despite these limitations, comparisons can be useful to practitioners and academics and Germany’s labour court scores highly on many of the criteria used.Labour Court, Judges, Adjudication, Lay Judges, Employment Disputes, Mediation, Path Dependency, Effectiveness, Legitimacy, Norms
本文重点介绍了法国、德国、英国、爱尔兰、日本、新西兰和瑞典这七个国家中用于确定个人就业纠纷的一审独立审判机构,一般称为劳动法院。首先,它追溯了它们的形成和随后的发展,应用了Thelen的四重类型:位移、转换、分层和漂移。有时,这种类型是合适的:法国和瑞典的劳工法庭已经漂移,在德国,第一次世界大战后出现了位移。然而,有时这种类型是不合适的。在爱尔兰,出现了融合,而在新西兰,出现了迁移,然后是适应。接下来,它试图了解七个机构中哪一个执行得最有效,检查了几个标准,包括劳动法庭的合法性、速度、可及性、成本、非正式性和法律规范的传播。它发现比较是有限的,因为审判机构需要在其特定的国家背景下进行判断。此外,有效性取决于所采用的标准:在一项标准上得分高的机构不一定在另一项标准上得分高。尽管有这些限制,比较对从业者和学者来说是有用的,德国的劳动法庭在许多使用的标准上得分很高。劳动法庭,法官,裁判,非专业法官,劳资纠纷,调解,路径依赖,有效性,合法性,规范
{"title":"Adjudicatory Institutions for Individual Employment Disputes: Formation, Development and Effectiveness","authors":"S. Corby","doi":"10.54648/ijcl2022001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2022001","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on first instance discrete adjudicatory institutions for the determination of individual employment disputes, generically known as labour courts, in seven countries: France, Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand and Sweden. First, it traces their formation and subsequent development, applying Thelen’s fourfold typology of displacement, conversion, layering and drift. Sometimes, this typology is appropriate: French and Swedish labour courts have drifted, and in Germany there was displacement after World War 1. Sometimes, however, the typology, is inappropriate. In Ireland, there has been amalgamation and in New Zealand there was displacement and then adaptation. \u0000It next seeks to understand which of the seven institutions performs the most effectively, examining several criteria including the legitimacy of the labour court, speed, accessibility, cost, informality, and the propagation of legal norms. It finds that comparisons are limited because adjudicatory institutions need to be judged in their specific national context. Moreover, effectiveness depends on the criterion that is adopted: an institution that scores highly on one criterion does not necessarily do so on another. Despite these limitations, comparisons can be useful to practitioners and academics and Germany’s labour court scores highly on many of the criteria used.\u0000Labour Court, Judges, Adjudication, Lay Judges, Employment Disputes, Mediation, Path Dependency, Effectiveness, Legitimacy, Norms","PeriodicalId":44213,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46753221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Who Regulates Employment? Trends in the Hierarchy of Labour Law Sources 谁监管就业?劳动法来源层级的趋势
IF 0.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.54648/ijcl2022002
E. Menegatti, T. Gyulavári
The hierarchy of labour law sources plays an important role in shaping the employment protection afforded by national labour law. This article provides a comparative overview of the global trends in the relation between the different layers of employment regulation. To this end, it considers three cluster of countries, respectively the European coordinated market economies, the liberal market economies and the European post-socialist countries. This analysis will make it possible to identify common patterns of transformation of the hierarchy of sources, indicating the current direction of labour law. Based on the three models, we discuss the following four trends and their interactions: (1) the increasing role of legislation; (2) the decentralization and decline of collective bargaining; (3) the growing importance of individual employment contracts based on waivers; (4) the erosion of the favourability principle by means of clauses allowing less favourable terms of employment. We argue that these parallel changes may lead to a worsening of employment conditions.Sources of Labour Law, Hierarchy, Favour Principle, Statutory Mandatory Rules, Collective Bargaining Decentralisation, Freedom of Contract, Flexibilization
劳动法来源的等级制度对国家劳动法提供的就业保护具有重要影响。本文对不同层次的就业监管关系的全球趋势进行了比较概述。为此,它考虑了三组国家,分别是欧洲协调市场经济、自由市场经济和欧洲后社会主义国家。这一分析将使我们有可能确定资源等级转变的共同模式,指出劳动法的当前方向。基于这三种模式,我们讨论了以下四种趋势及其相互作用:(1)立法的作用日益增强;(2)集体谈判的分散化和衰落;(3)基于免责条款的个人雇佣合同日益重要;(4)通过允许较不优惠的雇用条件的条款,侵蚀了优惠原则。我们认为,这些平行的变化可能导致就业状况的恶化。劳工法的来源,等级制度,优惠原则,法定强制性规则,集体谈判权力下放,合同自由,灵活性
{"title":"Who Regulates Employment? Trends in the Hierarchy of Labour Law Sources","authors":"E. Menegatti, T. Gyulavári","doi":"10.54648/ijcl2022002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2022002","url":null,"abstract":"The hierarchy of labour law sources plays an important role in shaping the employment protection afforded by national labour law. This article provides a comparative overview of the global trends in the relation between the different layers of employment regulation. To this end, it considers three cluster of countries, respectively the European coordinated market economies, the liberal market economies and the European post-socialist countries. This analysis will make it possible to identify common patterns of transformation of the hierarchy of sources, indicating the current direction of labour law. Based on the three models, we discuss the following four trends and their interactions: (1) the increasing role of legislation; (2) the decentralization and decline of collective bargaining; (3) the growing importance of individual employment contracts based on waivers; (4) the erosion of the favourability principle by means of clauses allowing less favourable terms of employment. We argue that these parallel changes may lead to a worsening of employment conditions.\u0000Sources of Labour Law, Hierarchy, Favour Principle, Statutory Mandatory Rules, Collective Bargaining Decentralisation, Freedom of Contract, Flexibilization","PeriodicalId":44213,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41248760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Charting a New Course in a Fissured Economy? Employer Concepts and Collective Bargaining in the US and Canada 在分裂的经济中制定新路线?美国和加拿大的雇主概念和集体谈判
IF 0.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.54648/ijcl2021018
Timothy J. Bartkiw
The legal concept of the employer plays an increasingly important and contested role in the modern economic context of broad-sweeping organizational fissuring. This article focuses on the role of employer concepts specifically in the collective bargaining domain, where they hold the unique potential to substantially affect access to regulated collective bargaining, its efficacy, and the extent of worker bargaining power. Building on a critical engagement with previous normative literature on fissuring and on the concept of the employer, the paper examines the interaction of fissuring and employer concepts in the context of the US and Canadian ‘Wagnerist’ collective bargaining regimes, and compares the trajectory of employer concept doctrine in each of these two countries in recent decades. The comparative analysis suggests that while employer concept reform within collective bargaining regimes remains constrained in important respects in both the US and Canada, these concepts have also recently diverged in important formal respects shaping their effects in fissured contexts. This divergence is comprised of a formal expansion of their scope in Canada; a narrowing of their scope in the US; and an effective inversion of the US joint employer concept consequentially into less of a remedial, and a more restrictive device. As a heuristic, comparison of US developments with those in its neighbour’s regime that has much else in common, help to highlight the extraordinarily restrictive nature of most recent US doctrine, including the 2020 National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) final rule on joint employer status, its facilitation of fissuring, and the formidable task confronting US labour of somehow bringing lead firms into the regulated collective bargaining process.Employer Concept, Fissuring and Collective Bargaining, Joint Employer, Scope of Collective Bargaining Regime
雇主的法律概念在广泛的组织分裂的现代经济背景下发挥着越来越重要和有争议的作用。本文主要关注雇主概念在集体谈判领域的作用,在这个领域,雇主概念具有独特的潜力,可以实质性地影响受监管的集体谈判的准入、效力和工人议价能力的程度。在对以往关于分裂和雇主概念的规范性文献进行批判性研究的基础上,本文在美国和加拿大“瓦格纳主义”集体谈判制度的背景下,研究了分裂和雇主概念的相互作用,并比较了近几十年来这两个国家雇主概念理论的发展轨迹。比较分析表明,尽管在美国和加拿大,集体谈判制度内的雇主概念改革在重要方面仍然受到限制,但这些概念最近在重要的正式方面也出现了分歧,从而形成了它们在分歧背景下的影响。这种差异包括在加拿大正式扩大其范围;他们在美国的业务范围在缩小;并将美国的联合雇主概念有效地转变为一种更少的补救措施、更多的限制措施。作为一种启发,将美国的发展与其邻国政权的发展进行比较(这些国家有许多其他共同点),有助于突出美国最新原则的极端限制性,包括2020年国家劳工关系委员会(NLRB)关于共同雇主地位的最终规定,其对分歧的便利,以及美国劳工面临的艰巨任务,即以某种方式将铅公司纳入受监管的集体谈判过程。雇主概念、分裂与集体谈判、共同雇主、集体谈判制度的范围
{"title":"Charting a New Course in a Fissured Economy? Employer Concepts and Collective Bargaining in the US and Canada","authors":"Timothy J. Bartkiw","doi":"10.54648/ijcl2021018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2021018","url":null,"abstract":"The legal concept of the employer plays an increasingly important and contested role in the modern economic context of broad-sweeping organizational fissuring. This article focuses on the role of employer concepts specifically in the collective bargaining domain, where they hold the unique potential to substantially affect access to regulated collective bargaining, its efficacy, and the extent of worker bargaining power. Building on a critical engagement with previous normative literature on fissuring and on the concept of the employer, the paper examines the interaction of fissuring and employer concepts in the context of the US and Canadian ‘Wagnerist’ collective bargaining regimes, and compares the trajectory of employer concept doctrine in each of these two countries in recent decades. The comparative analysis suggests that while employer concept reform within collective bargaining regimes remains constrained in important respects in both the US and Canada, these concepts have also recently diverged in important formal respects shaping their effects in fissured contexts. This divergence is comprised of a formal expansion of their scope in Canada; a narrowing of their scope in the US; and an effective inversion of the US joint employer concept consequentially into less of a remedial, and a more restrictive device. As a heuristic, comparison of US developments with those in its neighbour’s regime that has much else in common, help to highlight the extraordinarily restrictive nature of most recent US doctrine, including the 2020 National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) final rule on joint employer status, its facilitation of fissuring, and the formidable task confronting US labour of somehow bringing lead firms into the regulated collective bargaining process.\u0000Employer Concept, Fissuring and Collective Bargaining, Joint Employer, Scope of Collective Bargaining Regime","PeriodicalId":44213,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43158366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Filling the Void? A Critical Analysis of Competition Regulation of Collective Bargaining Amongst Non-employees 填补空白?非员工集体谈判竞争规则的批判性分析
IF 0.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.54648/ijcl2021017
S. McCrystal, Tess Hardy
The rise of the gig economy, and the expansion of self-employment more generally, have magnified pre-existing concerns about how to address the risk of exploitation of non-employees, including franchisees, freelance journalists and owner-driver transport workers, amongst others. In a bid to fill relevant regulatory gaps, and correct destructive power imbalances, many are turning their attention to the power and potential of collective bargaining.At the same time, there is growing appreciation of how competition prohibitions against price-fixing may curb workers’ capacity to organize for decent wages and working conditions. There has been much discussion and debate about the need to expand existing labour exemptions from competition law in order to allow gig workers, and other vulnerable categories of selfemployed workers, to engage in lawful collective bargaining. Rather than fixating on questions of misclassification, however, this article considers a novel proposal emanating from the sphere of competition regulation in Australia.After extensive consultation and prolonged Parliamentary debate, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) has adopted a class exemption which provides a broad legal immunity to eligible small businesses, including self-employed workers, wishing to engage in collective bargaining. The ACCC’s Determination to extend collective bargaining rights to small businesses – with effect from 3 June 2021 – represents a highly progressive approach and one worthy of greater attention and deeper analysis.To assess the regulatory value of this unique approach, we draw upon the International Labour Organization (ILO) standards relating to collective bargaining and freedom of association. In doing so, we critically assess the extent to which the ACCC’s approach offers a potential solution to resolving the tension between labour law and competition law when it comes to the regulation of self-employed workers. Somewhat surprisingly, we find that the class exemption largely complies with relevant ILO principles, despite the fact that it does little in terms of actively promoting or encouraging effective collective bargaining. For example, in line with ILO conceptions of voluntariness, the class exemption places virtually no restrictions on the scope, level or subject matter of the bargaining.Ultimately, however, we argue that if collective bargaining is to have any chance of filling the regulatory void which exists between labour law and competition law, it is critical that basic structures and supports are in place to facilitate meaningful bargaining: where collective activity is supported by trade union autonomy and the right to engage in strikes in support of bargaining demands and concluded agreements.Mercosur, Socio-Labour Declaration, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Venezuela, Regional Integration, Labour Rights, Regional Trade Blocs, Latin America, Global South
零工经济的兴起,以及个体经营的普遍扩张,加剧了人们对如何解决剥削非雇员风险的担忧,这些非雇员包括特许经营商、自由记者和业主司机运输工人等。为了填补相关的监管空白,纠正破坏性的权力不平衡,许多人正将注意力转向集体谈判的力量和潜力。与此同时,越来越多的人认识到,禁止垄断价格的竞争可能会抑制工人组织起来争取体面工资和工作条件的能力。为了允许零工工人和其他易受伤害的自营职业工人参与合法的集体谈判,有很多讨论和辩论需要扩大现有的劳动法豁免。然而,本文并没有关注错误分类的问题,而是考虑了一个来自澳大利亚竞争监管领域的新提议。经过广泛协商和长时间的议会辩论,澳大利亚竞争和消费者委员会(ACCC)通过了一项类别豁免,为希望参与集体谈判的合格小企业,包括自营职业者,提供广泛的法律豁免。ACCC决定从2021年6月3日起将集体谈判权扩展到小企业,这是一种高度进步的方法,值得更多关注和深入分析。为了评估这一独特方法的管理价值,我们借鉴了国际劳工组织(劳工组织)有关集体谈判和结社自由的标准。在此过程中,我们批判性地评估了ACCC的方法在多大程度上为解决劳动法和竞争法之间的紧张关系提供了潜在的解决方案,当涉及到对自营职业者的监管时。有些令人惊讶的是,我们发现阶级豁免在很大程度上符合国际劳工组织的相关原则,尽管事实上它在积极促进或鼓励有效的集体谈判方面做得很少。例如,根据劳工组织的自愿概念,类别豁免实际上对谈判的范围、水平或主题没有任何限制。然而,最终,我们认为,如果集体谈判有任何机会填补劳动法和竞争法之间存在的监管空白,那么促进有意义的谈判的基本结构和支持是至关重要的:在集体活动得到工会自治和参与罢工以支持谈判要求和达成协议的权利的地方。南方共同市场、社会劳工宣言、阿根廷、巴西、乌拉圭、巴拉圭、委内瑞拉、区域一体化、劳工权利、区域贸易集团、拉丁美洲、全球南方
{"title":"Filling the Void? A Critical Analysis of Competition Regulation of Collective Bargaining Amongst Non-employees","authors":"S. McCrystal, Tess Hardy","doi":"10.54648/ijcl2021017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2021017","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of the gig economy, and the expansion of self-employment more generally, have magnified pre-existing concerns about how to address the risk of exploitation of non-employees, including franchisees, freelance journalists and owner-driver transport workers, amongst others. In a bid to fill relevant regulatory gaps, and correct destructive power imbalances, many are turning their attention to the power and potential of collective bargaining.\u0000At the same time, there is growing appreciation of how competition prohibitions against price-fixing may curb workers’ capacity to organize for decent wages and working conditions. There has been much discussion and debate about the need to expand existing labour exemptions from competition law in order to allow gig workers, and other vulnerable categories of selfemployed workers, to engage in lawful collective bargaining. Rather than fixating on questions of misclassification, however, this article considers a novel proposal emanating from the sphere of competition regulation in Australia.\u0000After extensive consultation and prolonged Parliamentary debate, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) has adopted a class exemption which provides a broad legal immunity to eligible small businesses, including self-employed workers, wishing to engage in collective bargaining. The ACCC’s Determination to extend collective bargaining rights to small businesses – with effect from 3 June 2021 – represents a highly progressive approach and one worthy of greater attention and deeper analysis.\u0000To assess the regulatory value of this unique approach, we draw upon the International Labour Organization (ILO) standards relating to collective bargaining and freedom of association. In doing so, we critically assess the extent to which the ACCC’s approach offers a potential solution to resolving the tension between labour law and competition law when it comes to the regulation of self-employed workers. Somewhat surprisingly, we find that the class exemption largely complies with relevant ILO principles, despite the fact that it does little in terms of actively promoting or encouraging effective collective bargaining. For example, in line with ILO conceptions of voluntariness, the class exemption places virtually no restrictions on the scope, level or subject matter of the bargaining.\u0000Ultimately, however, we argue that if collective bargaining is to have any chance of filling the regulatory void which exists between labour law and competition law, it is critical that basic structures and supports are in place to facilitate meaningful bargaining: where collective activity is supported by trade union autonomy and the right to engage in strikes in support of bargaining demands and concluded agreements.\u0000Mercosur, Socio-Labour Declaration, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Venezuela, Regional Integration, Labour Rights, Regional Trade Blocs, Latin America, Global South","PeriodicalId":44213,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44508362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Mercosur Socio-Labour Declaration: The Development of a Common Regional Framework in the Global South 《南方共同市场社会劳工宣言:发展全球南方共同区域框架》
IF 0.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.54648/ijcl2021016
Mauro Pucheta
The Socio-Labour Declaration is the legal instrument that protects fundamental labour rights within Mercosur and its Member States legal orders. Its 2015 revision enhanced quantitively and qualitatively the rights enshrined therein. Relying upon recent literature on Latin American regional integration, this article considers the complex institutional and legal framework in which the Declaration has been adopted and implemented. It examines how the intergovernmental character of Mercosur has shaped the legal content of the Socio-Labour Declaration. The institutional context of the Declaration requires the active cooperation and intervention of both regional and national actors. This article explores how Mercosur bodies have taken advantage of the flexible institutional framework to implement the Declaration through regional plans and policies. It also analyses the contrasting enforcement roles of the national executive and legislative powers, characterized by their timidity, and the judicial activism that is essential to consider the Declaration as a justiciable instrument. The article concludes that the Socio-Labour Declaration is a crucial instrument in protecting workers’ rights in this trade bloc, and that the 2015 revision introduced substantial improvements that may provide the legal basis for future judgments, and regional and national labour laws reforms.Mercosur, Socio-Labour Declaration, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Venezuela, Regional Integration, Labour Rights, Regional Trade Blocs, Latin America, Global South
《社会劳工宣言》是在南方共同市场及其成员国法律秩序内保护基本劳工权利的法律文书。2015年的修订从数量和质量上加强了其中所载的权利。本文根据最近关于拉丁美洲区域一体化的文献,审议了通过和执行《宣言》的复杂体制和法律框架。它审查了南方共同市场的政府间性质如何影响《社会劳工宣言》的法律内容。《宣言》的体制背景需要区域和国家行动者的积极合作和干预。本文探讨南方共同市场各机构如何利用灵活的体制框架,通过区域计划和政策执行《宣言》。它还分析了国家行政和立法权力的执法作用的对比,其特点是它们的胆怯,以及将《宣言》视为一项可审理的文书所必需的司法能动性。文章的结论是,《社会劳动宣言》是保护该贸易集团工人权利的重要工具,2015年的修订引入了实质性的改进,可能为未来的判决以及地区和国家劳动法改革提供法律依据。南方共同市场、社会劳工宣言、阿根廷、巴西、乌拉圭、巴拉圭、委内瑞拉、区域一体化、劳工权利、区域贸易集团、拉丁美洲、全球南方
{"title":"The Mercosur Socio-Labour Declaration: The Development of a Common Regional Framework in the Global South","authors":"Mauro Pucheta","doi":"10.54648/ijcl2021016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2021016","url":null,"abstract":"The Socio-Labour Declaration is the legal instrument that protects fundamental labour rights within Mercosur and its Member States legal orders. Its 2015 revision enhanced quantitively and qualitatively the rights enshrined therein. Relying upon recent literature on Latin American regional integration, this article considers the complex institutional and legal framework in which the Declaration has been adopted and implemented. It examines how the intergovernmental character of Mercosur has shaped the legal content of the Socio-Labour Declaration. The institutional context of the Declaration requires the active cooperation and intervention of both regional and national actors. This article explores how Mercosur bodies have taken advantage of the flexible institutional framework to implement the Declaration through regional plans and policies. It also analyses the contrasting enforcement roles of the national executive and legislative powers, characterized by their timidity, and the judicial activism that is essential to consider the Declaration as a justiciable instrument. The article concludes that the Socio-Labour Declaration is a crucial instrument in protecting workers’ rights in this trade bloc, and that the 2015 revision introduced substantial improvements that may provide the legal basis for future judgments, and regional and national labour laws reforms.\u0000Mercosur, Socio-Labour Declaration, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Venezuela, Regional Integration, Labour Rights, Regional Trade Blocs, Latin America, Global South","PeriodicalId":44213,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43171354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Philip Pettit’s Republicanism and Labour Law: A Defence 菲利普·佩蒂特的《共和主义与劳动法:辩护》
IF 0.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.54648/ijcl2021019
Dáire Mccormack-George
Republican political theory has attracted the attention of a number of prominent academic labour lawyers in recent years with a view to providing a general theoretical or philosophical foundation for labour law. Engaging with and contributing to this emerging area of scholarly interest, this article endeavours to defend the possibility of a general republican theory of labour law by relying on the writings of Philip Pettit. Contrary to the arguments of these scholars, the paper suggests that at least some important parts of labour law could be explained and justified in the light of this particular version of republicanism and it is possible that many other if not all areas could be justified in the future. As Pettit’s republicanism is a work in progress, so too is the explanation and justification of labour law in the light thereof.Philosophy of Labour Law, Perfectionism, Consequentialism, Republicanism, Freedom as Non-Domination, Philip Pettit, Social Justice, Political Legitimacy, Sovereignty
近年来,共和党政治理论吸引了许多著名的劳动律师学者的注意,以期为劳动法提供一般的理论或哲学基础。本文致力于并致力于这一新兴的学术领域,试图通过引用菲利普·佩蒂特的著作来捍卫劳动法的一般共和理论的可能性。与这些学者的论点相反,本文认为,至少劳动法的一些重要部分可以根据这种特定版本的共和主义来解释和证明,而且在未来,许多其他领域(如果不是所有领域)也可能是合理的。佩蒂特的共和主义是一项正在进行的工作,因此对劳动法的解释和辩护也是如此。劳动法哲学、完美主义、后果主义、共和主义、作为非支配的自由、菲利普·佩蒂特、社会正义、政治合法性、主权
{"title":"Philip Pettit’s Republicanism and Labour Law: A Defence","authors":"Dáire Mccormack-George","doi":"10.54648/ijcl2021019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2021019","url":null,"abstract":"Republican political theory has attracted the attention of a number of prominent academic labour lawyers in recent years with a view to providing a general theoretical or philosophical foundation for labour law. Engaging with and contributing to this emerging area of scholarly interest, this article endeavours to defend the possibility of a general republican theory of labour law by relying on the writings of Philip Pettit. Contrary to the arguments of these scholars, the paper suggests that at least some important parts of labour law could be explained and justified in the light of this particular version of republicanism and it is possible that many other if not all areas could be justified in the future. As Pettit’s republicanism is a work in progress, so too is the explanation and justification of labour law in the light thereof.\u0000Philosophy of Labour Law, Perfectionism, Consequentialism, Republicanism, Freedom as Non-Domination, Philip Pettit, Social Justice, Political Legitimacy, Sovereignty","PeriodicalId":44213,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44222678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Workers' Participation in Decision-Making 工人参与决策
IF 0.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.4324/9781003127727-7
R. Bean
{"title":"Workers' Participation in Decision-Making","authors":"R. Bean","doi":"10.4324/9781003127727-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003127727-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44213,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81274391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trade Unions 工会
IF 0.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.4324/9781003127727-2
R. Bean
{"title":"Trade Unions","authors":"R. Bean","doi":"10.4324/9781003127727-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003127727-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44213,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83995624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1