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Refugee Community Gardens and the Politics of Self-Help 难民社区花园和自助政治
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00447471.2021.1973943
C. Tsu
ABSTRACT This article examines the history of community gardens set up for refugees from Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos in the 1980s as a window into debates surrounding resettlement, economic inequality, and welfare dependency in the United States. It argues that despite advocates’ emphasis on the continuity to the past that gardening has provided for refugees, refugee gardeners identified a vast disjuncture between their rural existence in Southeast Asia and the functions of vegetable growing in the U.S. Through community gardening, refugees nonetheless leveraged their intimate knowledge of nature and the environment to gain a measure of economic empowerment.
本文考察了20世纪80年代为来自越南、柬埔寨和老挝的难民建立的社区花园的历史,作为一个窗口,探讨了围绕重新安置、经济不平等和福利依赖在美国的争论。它认为,尽管倡导者强调园艺为难民提供了对过去的连续性,但难民园丁发现,他们在东南亚的农村生活与美国蔬菜种植的功能之间存在巨大的脱节。通过社区园艺,难民们利用他们对自然和环境的深入了解,获得了一定程度的经济赋权。
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引用次数: 1
Bearing Witness: Using Video Ethnography to Map Embodied Geographies of Home 见证:用影像人种学绘制家的具体地理
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00447471.2021.1981195
Son-Ca Lam
ABSTRACT Bearing witness through video ethnography is a generative practice for revealing nuanced elements of non-verbal sociocultural practices that otherwise remain hidden in interview-based research methods. I share how I used this methodology to highlight the sociocultural practices and sensory worlds that constitute the assemblage forming the everyday embodied geographies of home for post-1975 Vietnamese refugee women. Intervening in discourses that portray refugee women as victims of their circumstance, I center Vietnamese refugee women’s subjecthood to show how they exercise agency and make home in the face of the on-going sociospatial displacements that punctuate their everyday lives after resettlement.
通过视频民族志见证是非语言社会文化实践的一种生成实践,它揭示了非语言社会文化实践的微妙元素,否则这些元素就会隐藏在基于访谈的研究方法中。我分享了我是如何使用这种方法来突出社会文化实践和感官世界的,它们构成了1975年后越南难民妇女日常体现的家庭地理的集合。在将难民妇女描述为其环境受害者的话语中,我以越南难民妇女的主体性为中心,展示她们在重新安置后的日常生活中,面对持续不断的社会空间流离失所,是如何行使权力和建立家园的。
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引用次数: 0
Refugee Worlding: M.I.A. and the Jumping of Global Borders 难民世界:M.I.A.与全球边界的跳跃
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00447471.2021.1981536
L. Bui
ABSTRACT This article analyzes the life and work of refugee-turned-singer M.I.A. to explain the concept of refugee worlding, the transversal intersectional modes of being a refugee. Exploring the artist’s unique aesthetics as well as her play with time-space, I indicate the ways such a practice is emblematic of the creative and critical methodology of Critical Refugee Studies (CRS). As a border hopper, M.I.A.’s imaginative mobilization and weaponizing of refugee-ness jump scales, musical and otherwise, a disruption of the militarized contexts that drive the flight of migrants. Such artprop takes stock of the many world(s) forged, embodied, performed, and crafted on refugee-centered terms.
本文通过分析难民歌手M.I.A.的生活和工作,来解释难民世界的概念,以及作为难民的横向交叉模式。探索艺术家独特的美学以及她对时空的玩弄,我指出这种做法是批判性难民研究(CRS)创造性和批判性方法论的象征。作为一个边境跳跃者,M.I.A富有想象力的动员和对难民的武器化跳跃,音乐和其他方面,破坏了推动移民逃离的军事化环境。这样的艺术道具反映了以难民为中心的许多世界的锻造、体现、表演和制作。
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引用次数: 1
Locating Palestinians at the Intersections: Indigeneity, Critical Refugee Studies, and Decolonization 定位巴勒斯坦人在十字路口:土著,关键的难民研究,和非殖民化
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00447471.2021.1981807
Eman Ghanayem, Jennifer Mogannam, Rana Sharif
ABSTRACT This forum traces the specificity and complexity of the Palestinian refugee. In centering Palestinian subjectivity and the nature of settler colonial displacement, the authors illuminate the contributions of the Palestinian refugee experience to various fields, especially the field of critical refugee studies. As they respond to key concerns in the context of Palestine and its refugees, the contributors interrogate the power dynamics that work to determine refugee fate, situate ancestral knowledge and the revolutionary role of Palestinian women, challenge discursive trends that racialize Palestinians, and illuminate the land-based struggle and the actions and hopes of the Palestinian project of decolonization.
本论坛探讨巴勒斯坦难民的特殊性和复杂性。在以巴勒斯坦人的主体性和定居者殖民流离失所的性质为中心的过程中,作者阐明了巴勒斯坦难民经历对各个领域的贡献,特别是对批判性难民研究领域的贡献。当他们回应巴勒斯坦及其难民背景下的关键问题时,作者询问了决定难民命运的权力动态,定位了祖先的知识和巴勒斯坦妇女的革命作用,挑战了将巴勒斯坦人种族化的话语趋势,并阐明了基于土地的斗争以及巴勒斯坦非殖民化项目的行动和希望。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction: Critical Refugee Studies and Asian American Studies 引言:批判性难民研究与亚裔美国人研究
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00447471.2021.1989263
Y. Espiritu
I didn’t know I was missing it until I had it. The “it” here refers to the profound intellectual companionship forged with members of the Critical Refugee Studies Collective (CRSC) as we bring our whole refugee selves – our family secrets, memory gaps, and private grief as well as our creative energy, critical thinking, and improvised practices – to the work of building a field of study for and with displaced human beings. When we launched the CRSC in 2017, I had already spent close to three decades building Asian American studies as a scholar and teacher. And yet, for most of that time, I had deferred, deflected, and decentered my experiences as a refugee from Việt Nam. In truth, I did not know how to tell the story of Vietnamese refugees – how to highlight the ongoing costs of war without reducing us to mere victims, even if our losses have been significant? Having received my doctoral training in sociology, I knew that I did not want to replicate that field’s treatment of Vietnamese refugees as a problem of immigrant integration. But I was less clear on how to engage Asian American studies, whose understanding of the Vietnam War and Vietnamese refugees have long been more about Asian America than about Vietnam and its displaced people. As a Vietnamese refugee scholar, I am disheartened that Vietnamese lives, histories, and politics continue to be peripheral to the field of Asian American studies. It is not that Asian American scholars are disinterested in the Vietnam War; it is more that their retelling of the war is more about Asian America than about Vietnam(ese). In these retellings, the Vietnam War was a pivotal event that radicalized their identities and politics, forging their racial consciousness as “Asian American.” As an Asian American activist declared, “As long as there are U.S. troops in Asia, as long as the U.S. government and the military wage wars of aggression against Asian people . . . racism against them is often racism against us.” Accordingly, in her study of the Asian American Movement, Karen L. Ishizuka notes that “it was no accident that Asian America was born at the peak of the Vietnam War.” However inadvertently, the focus on the Vietnam War as an Asian American event – a site for Asian American political awakening – elides the long-lasting costs of the war on Vietnamese bodies and psyches. As Nguyen-Vo Thu Huong poignantly observes, “Vietnamese Americans as refugees occupy the position of self-mourners because no one else mourns us.” Moreover, the common reference to the U.S. war in Southeast Asia as the Vietnam War semantically locates that war, and all that it connotes, geographically in Việt
我不知道我想念它,直到我拥有它。这里的“它”指的是与批判性难民研究集体(CRSC)成员之间深厚的智力友谊,因为我们把我们的整个难民自我——我们的家庭秘密、记忆缺口、私人悲伤,以及我们的创造力、批判性思维和即兴实践——带到为流离失所的人建立一个研究领域的工作中。当我们在2017年启动CRSC时,我已经花了近三十年的时间来建立亚裔美国人研究,作为一名学者和教师。然而,在那段时间的大部分时间里,我把自己作为Việt Nam难民的经历推迟、转移、分散了。事实上,我不知道如何讲述越南难民的故事——如何突出战争的持续成本,而不把我们变成仅仅是受害者,即使我们的损失已经很大?在接受社会学博士培训后,我知道我不想复制该领域将越南难民视为移民融合问题的做法。但我不太清楚如何参与亚裔美国人研究,长期以来,亚裔美国人对越南战争和越南难民的理解更多地是关于亚裔美国人,而不是越南及其流离失所者。作为一名越南难民学者,越南人的生活、历史和政治仍然是亚裔美国人研究领域的边缘,这让我感到沮丧。并不是亚裔美国学者对越南战争不感兴趣;更重要的是,他们对战争的重述更多地是关于亚裔美国人,而不是越南人。在这些复述中,越南战争是一个关键事件,使他们的身份和政治变得激进,塑造了他们作为“亚裔美国人”的种族意识。正如一位亚裔美国激进分子所宣称的那样,“只要美国军队在亚洲,只要美国政府和军队对亚洲人民发动侵略战争……”针对他们的种族主义往往就是针对我们的种族主义。”因此,Karen L. Ishizuka在她对亚裔美国人运动的研究中指出,“亚裔美国人出生在越南战争的高峰期并非偶然。”然而,不经意间,把越南战争作为一个亚裔美国人的事件——一个亚裔美国人政治觉醒的场所——的关注忽略了战争对越南人身体和精神的长期代价。正如Nguyen-Vo Thu Huong尖锐地指出的那样,“越南裔美国难民占据了自悼者的位置,因为没有其他人哀悼我们。”此外,通常将美国在东南亚的战争称为越南战争,在语义上将这场战争及其所隐含的一切放在Việt
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引用次数: 1
A Letter to My Daughter: An Archive of Future Memories 给女儿的一封信:未来记忆档案
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00447471.2021.1993765
Dena Al-Adeeb
ABSTRACT “A Letter to My Daughter: An Archive of Future Memories” is a multimedia project about a mother-daughter charting the interconnections between a trilogy of familial forced displacements and their relationship to pivotal moments in contemporary Iraqi/diasporic and American histories, the ongoing living effects of U.S. military interventions, and their ever-evolving effect on intergenerational relations. The multimedia project weaves performance, letter writing, video art, and installation toward bearing witness to the textures of war-based displacement and racialized dispossession, especially in the moment of exile; it also identifies the often convoluted, fragmented, and post memories that accompany transnational migration and refugee movement.
摘要《致女儿的一封信:未来记忆档案》是一个多媒体项目,讲述了一对母女的故事,描绘了一个家庭被迫流离失所的三部曲之间的相互联系,以及他们与当代伊拉克/散居地和美国历史中关键时刻的关系,美国军事干预的持续生活影响,以及它们对代际关系不断演变的影响。多媒体项目将表演、写信、视频艺术和装置编织在一起,见证基于战争的流离失所和种族化剥夺的质感,尤其是在流亡的时刻;它还指出了伴随跨国移民和难民运动而来的往往是错综复杂、支离破碎的后记忆。
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引用次数: 1
Introduction: Critical Refugee Studies and Asian American Studies 导论:关键的难民研究和亚裔美国人研究
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1353/jaas.2022.0014
Y. Espiritu
I didn’t know I was missing it until I had it. The “it” here refers to the profound intellectual companionship forged with members of the Critical Refugee Studies Collective (CRSC) as we bring our whole refugee selves – our family secrets, memory gaps, and private grief as well as our creative energy, critical thinking, and improvised practices – to the work of building a field of study for and with displaced human beings. When we launched the CRSC in 2017, I had already spent close to three decades building Asian American studies as a scholar and teacher. And yet, for most of that time, I had deferred, deflected, and decentered my experiences as a refugee from Việt Nam. In truth, I did not know how to tell the story of Vietnamese refugees – how to highlight the ongoing costs of war without reducing us to mere victims, even if our losses have been significant? Having received my doctoral training in sociology, I knew that I did not want to replicate that field’s treatment of Vietnamese refugees as a problem of immigrant integration. But I was less clear on how to engage Asian American studies, whose understanding of the Vietnam War and Vietnamese refugees have long been more about Asian America than about Vietnam and its displaced people. As a Vietnamese refugee scholar, I am disheartened that Vietnamese lives, histories, and politics continue to be peripheral to the field of Asian American studies. It is not that Asian American scholars are disinterested in the Vietnam War; it is more that their retelling of the war is more about Asian America than about Vietnam(ese). In these retellings, the Vietnam War was a pivotal event that radicalized their identities and politics, forging their racial consciousness as “Asian American.” As an Asian American activist declared, “As long as there are U.S. troops in Asia, as long as the U.S. government and the military wage wars of aggression against Asian people . . . racism against them is often racism against us.” Accordingly, in her study of the Asian American Movement, Karen L. Ishizuka notes that “it was no accident that Asian America was born at the peak of the Vietnam War.” However inadvertently, the focus on the Vietnam War as an Asian American event – a site for Asian American political awakening – elides the long-lasting costs of the war on Vietnamese bodies and psyches. As Nguyen-Vo Thu Huong poignantly observes, “Vietnamese Americans as refugees occupy the position of self-mourners because no one else mourns us.” Moreover, the common reference to the U.S. war in Southeast Asia as the Vietnam War semantically locates that war, and all that it connotes, geographically in Việt
我不知道我想念它,直到我拥有它。这里的“它”指的是与批判性难民研究集体(CRSC)成员之间深厚的智力友谊,因为我们把我们的整个难民自我——我们的家庭秘密、记忆缺口、私人悲伤,以及我们的创造力、批判性思维和即兴实践——带到为流离失所的人建立一个研究领域的工作中。当我们在2017年启动CRSC时,我已经花了近三十年的时间来建立亚裔美国人研究,作为一名学者和教师。然而,在那段时间的大部分时间里,我把自己作为Việt Nam难民的经历推迟、转移、分散了。事实上,我不知道如何讲述越南难民的故事——如何突出战争的持续成本,而不把我们变成仅仅是受害者,即使我们的损失已经很大?在接受社会学博士培训后,我知道我不想复制该领域将越南难民视为移民融合问题的做法。但我不太清楚如何参与亚裔美国人研究,长期以来,亚裔美国人对越南战争和越南难民的理解更多地是关于亚裔美国人,而不是越南及其流离失所者。作为一名越南难民学者,越南人的生活、历史和政治仍然是亚裔美国人研究领域的边缘,这让我感到沮丧。并不是亚裔美国学者对越南战争不感兴趣;更重要的是,他们对战争的重述更多地是关于亚裔美国人,而不是越南人。在这些复述中,越南战争是一个关键事件,使他们的身份和政治变得激进,塑造了他们作为“亚裔美国人”的种族意识。正如一位亚裔美国激进分子所宣称的那样,“只要美国军队在亚洲,只要美国政府和军队对亚洲人民发动侵略战争……”针对他们的种族主义往往就是针对我们的种族主义。”因此,Karen L. Ishizuka在她对亚裔美国人运动的研究中指出,“亚裔美国人出生在越南战争的高峰期并非偶然。”然而,不经意间,把越南战争作为一个亚裔美国人的事件——一个亚裔美国人政治觉醒的场所——的关注忽略了战争对越南人身体和精神的长期代价。正如Nguyen-Vo Thu Huong尖锐地指出的那样,“越南裔美国难民占据了自悼者的位置,因为没有其他人哀悼我们。”此外,通常将美国在东南亚的战争称为越南战争,在语义上将这场战争及其所隐含的一切放在Việt
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引用次数: 1
BurmAmerican Foodscapes: Refugee Re-settlement and Resilience 缅甸裔美国人的食物景观:难民重新安置和恢复力
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00447471.2021.1992091
Tamara C. Ho
ABSTRACT This essay examines the resettlement of Burmese refugees in the United States through the lens of food. Looking specifically at Christian community gardens, corporatized meat processing, a feature film, and nonfiction book, I analyze how Karen refugees have participated in U.S. food economies and investigate processes of selective and serial migration, religion, representation, and community-building. “Critically juxtaposing” two different, although related, case studies enables a preliminary mapping of how refugees from Burma/Myanmar have resettled in the United States in the early twenty-first century, with a focus on legibility, racialization, traditional ecological knowledge (TEK), and mutual aid.
摘要本文从食物的角度考察了缅甸难民在美国的重新安置问题。具体来看基督教社区花园、公司化肉类加工、故事片和非小说类书籍,我分析了克伦难民如何参与美国粮食经济,并调查了选择性和连续移民、宗教、代表性和社区建设的过程。将两个不同但相关的案例研究“批判性地并置”,可以初步绘制21世纪初来自缅甸/缅甸的难民如何在美国重新定居的地图,重点是易读性、种族化、传统生态知识(TEK)和互助。
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引用次数: 0
In the Wake of George Floyd: Hmong Americans’ Refusal to Be a U.S. Ally 在乔治·弗洛伊德之后:苗族美国人拒绝成为美国盟友
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00447471.2021.1974781
Maysa Vang, Kit W. Myers
ABSTRACT This article analyzes the tenuous relationship between refugees and African Americans, specifically Hmong Americans in relation to Black Lives Matter following the murder of George Floyd by four Minneapolis police officers, one of whom is Hmong. We argue that Hmong expose the messiness of race relations in the U.S. due to their implication as a U.S. ally in Southeast Asia. While Hmong refugees/Americans can be called to enact violence on behalf of the U.S. militarized state, Hmong American activists refuse the reprised role of the ally, insisting on justice for Floyd and other Black people killed by the police.
本文分析了在乔治·弗洛伊德被四名明尼阿波利斯警察(其中一名是苗族警察)谋杀之后,难民与非裔美国人,特别是苗族美国人之间的微妙关系。我们认为苗族暴露了美国种族关系的混乱,因为他们是美国在东南亚的盟友。虽然可以号召苗族难民/美国人代表军事化的美国实施暴力,但苗族活动人士拒绝重新扮演盟友的角色,坚持为弗洛伊德和其他被警察杀害的黑人伸张正义。
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引用次数: 2
Conflict and Care: Vietnamese American Women and the Dynamics of Social Justice Work 冲突与关怀:越南裔美国妇女与社会正义工作的动力
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00447471.2021.1976025
Thúy Võ Đặng, Thao Ha, T. Nguyen
ABSTRACT This collection of essays explores the experiences of Vietnamese American women scholar-activists navigating the complexities of antiracist work within the Vietnamese American community. Each essay discusses the gendered and generational disciplining faced by the authors while doing social justice work and reflects on the choices they made in response. Attentive to the historical forces that have shaped the Vietnamese American community, the authors advocate for building bridges and fostering spaces of compassionate and radical care.
这本文集探讨了越南裔美国女性学者活动家在越南裔美国人社区内反种族主义工作的复杂性中的经历。每篇文章都讨论了作者在从事社会正义工作时所面临的性别和代际纪律,并反思了他们做出的回应选择。作者关注塑造越南裔美国人社区的历史力量,主张建立桥梁,培育富有同情心和激进关怀的空间。
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引用次数: 0
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AMERASIA JOURNAL
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