Pub Date : 2022-05-13DOI: 10.1017/s000358152100038x
R. Moll
William Cecil’s interests in heraldry and genealogy, and his particular concern for the antiquity of his own pedigree, are well known, but it is often presented as a personal hobby. This paper explores the means by which William Cecil used printed heraldic treatises, kings of arms and even domestic decoration to make his private genealogical research public. Rather than using genealogical study as a refuge from the world, Cecil actively used print, the office of arms and architecture to publicise his pedigree far more widely than other new men who sought the legitimacy of antiquity.
{"title":"PARCHMENT, PRINT AND PAINT: THE DISSEMINATION OF THE CECIL GENEALOGY","authors":"R. Moll","doi":"10.1017/s000358152100038x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s000358152100038x","url":null,"abstract":"William Cecil’s interests in heraldry and genealogy, and his particular concern for the antiquity of his own pedigree, are well known, but it is often presented as a personal hobby. This paper explores the means by which William Cecil used printed heraldic treatises, kings of arms and even domestic decoration to make his private genealogical research public. Rather than using genealogical study as a refuge from the world, Cecil actively used print, the office of arms and architecture to publicise his pedigree far more widely than other new men who sought the legitimacy of antiquity.","PeriodicalId":44308,"journal":{"name":"Antiquaries Journal","volume":"102 1","pages":"292 - 315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43366906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-18DOI: 10.1017/S0003581521000391
Nicholas Riall
Critical analysis of the quire stalls in the Augustinian priory in Christchurch has revealed that they are an important set of early all’antica styled stalls that were created by ‘alien’ craftsmen, no earlier than c 1520. Many traces of Continental joinery techniques, not then used in England, particularly the use of lamination, support this view. It has long been thought that they were cobbled together from sets of stalls of various dates, but they are all of one period. Much has been lost and many of the parts have been replaced, especially so among the dossiers. The idea that many of the misericords are missing can be discounted because the design of the stalls disproves this. This important set of quire stalls represents one of the last made prior to the Reformation – but they are much misunderstood.
{"title":"STALLWORK IN CHRISTCHURCH PRIORY, DORSET: A FRANCO-FLEMISH ALL’ANTICA WORK OF THE EARLY 1520s","authors":"Nicholas Riall","doi":"10.1017/S0003581521000391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003581521000391","url":null,"abstract":"Critical analysis of the quire stalls in the Augustinian priory in Christchurch has revealed that they are an important set of early all’antica styled stalls that were created by ‘alien’ craftsmen, no earlier than c 1520. Many traces of Continental joinery techniques, not then used in England, particularly the use of lamination, support this view. It has long been thought that they were cobbled together from sets of stalls of various dates, but they are all of one period. Much has been lost and many of the parts have been replaced, especially so among the dossiers. The idea that many of the misericords are missing can be discounted because the design of the stalls disproves this. This important set of quire stalls represents one of the last made prior to the Reformation – but they are much misunderstood.","PeriodicalId":44308,"journal":{"name":"Antiquaries Journal","volume":"102 1","pages":"260 - 291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47995745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-17DOI: 10.1017/S0003581522000014
Elizabeth Hallam Smith, J. Crook
In 2018 unpublished archaeological evidence was discovered recording a doorway and passageway concealed inside the Romanesque wall of Westminster Hall, near the south-east corner. Although commemorated by a bronze plaque in situ, their existence had largely been forgotten. Further investigations revealed an access panel in the 1951 cloakroom fittings in adjoining St Stephen’s cloister: this was located, and the space accessed, seemingly for the first time since c 1952. The many features of interest found within included the doorcase and soffits of a great doorway and iron pintles for the doors; Purbeck flagstones on the floor; complex masonry and plaster from several different eras; graffiti by masons from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; a still-functional Osram lightbulb dating from the early 1950s; and wooden joists supporting the masonry of the ceiling. Isotope dating of the timbers produced a date of 1659, and works accounts showed that the doorway and passageway were created in 1660–1, to form a ceremonial route for the coronation of Charles ii. Further archaeological and historical investigations have enabled the authors to establish a full chronology for the changing fabric and uses of the doorway and passageway from the seventeenth to the twenty-first century, and to trace the masons who walled in the space in 1851. They have also established why the brass plaque in Westminster Hall marking the space erroneously ascribes it with Tudor origins: that ‘fake history’ was created by an over-enthusiastic late-nineteenth century Clerk of the House of Commons.
{"title":"WESTMINSTER HALL’S LOST STUART DOOR PASSAGE REDISCOVERED","authors":"Elizabeth Hallam Smith, J. Crook","doi":"10.1017/S0003581522000014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003581522000014","url":null,"abstract":"In 2018 unpublished archaeological evidence was discovered recording a doorway and passageway concealed inside the Romanesque wall of Westminster Hall, near the south-east corner. Although commemorated by a bronze plaque in situ, their existence had largely been forgotten. Further investigations revealed an access panel in the 1951 cloakroom fittings in adjoining St Stephen’s cloister: this was located, and the space accessed, seemingly for the first time since c 1952. The many features of interest found within included the doorcase and soffits of a great doorway and iron pintles for the doors; Purbeck flagstones on the floor; complex masonry and plaster from several different eras; graffiti by masons from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; a still-functional Osram lightbulb dating from the early 1950s; and wooden joists supporting the masonry of the ceiling. Isotope dating of the timbers produced a date of 1659, and works accounts showed that the doorway and passageway were created in 1660–1, to form a ceremonial route for the coronation of Charles ii. Further archaeological and historical investigations have enabled the authors to establish a full chronology for the changing fabric and uses of the doorway and passageway from the seventeenth to the twenty-first century, and to trace the masons who walled in the space in 1851. They have also established why the brass plaque in Westminster Hall marking the space erroneously ascribes it with Tudor origins: that ‘fake history’ was created by an over-enthusiastic late-nineteenth century Clerk of the House of Commons.","PeriodicalId":44308,"journal":{"name":"Antiquaries Journal","volume":"102 1","pages":"389 - 417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42126982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-11DOI: 10.1017/S0003581521000378
S. Paynter, P. Crew, Richard Campbell, Fraser G. Hunter, Caroline Jackson
Glass bangles are found in southern England and Wales from the mid-first century ad and become common in the north of England and southern Scotland in the late first century, before their numbers decline a century later. British bangles develop at a time of change, as Roman glassmaking practices were introduced across large areas of Britain, and as blown, transparent, colourless and naturally-coloured glassware became increasingly popular. In many communities, however, there was still a demand for strongly coloured opaque glass, including for bangles, and glassworkers devised ways of extending their supplies of opaque coloured glass. This study is based on over one hundred and fifty analyses of bangle fragments from sites in Wales, northern England and southern Scotland, spanning this transitional period. The bangle makers recycled coloured glass from imported vessels, and probably beads and bangle-making waste, to supplement supplies of fresh coloured glass. The novel methods used to modify and extend the coloured glass may derive from pre-Roman bead-making industries, and made use of widely available materials, including smithing hammerscale and possibly plant ashes. The results show the shifting balance of indigenous and Roman influences on different bangle types, depending on when and where they were made, and by whom.
{"title":"GLASS BANGLES IN THE BRITISH ISLES: A STUDY OF TRADE, RECYCLING AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE FIRST AND SECOND CENTURIES AD","authors":"S. Paynter, P. Crew, Richard Campbell, Fraser G. Hunter, Caroline Jackson","doi":"10.1017/S0003581521000378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003581521000378","url":null,"abstract":"Glass bangles are found in southern England and Wales from the mid-first century ad and become common in the north of England and southern Scotland in the late first century, before their numbers decline a century later. British bangles develop at a time of change, as Roman glassmaking practices were introduced across large areas of Britain, and as blown, transparent, colourless and naturally-coloured glassware became increasingly popular. In many communities, however, there was still a demand for strongly coloured opaque glass, including for bangles, and glassworkers devised ways of extending their supplies of opaque coloured glass. This study is based on over one hundred and fifty analyses of bangle fragments from sites in Wales, northern England and southern Scotland, spanning this transitional period. The bangle makers recycled coloured glass from imported vessels, and probably beads and bangle-making waste, to supplement supplies of fresh coloured glass. The novel methods used to modify and extend the coloured glass may derive from pre-Roman bead-making industries, and made use of widely available materials, including smithing hammerscale and possibly plant ashes. The results show the shifting balance of indigenous and Roman influences on different bangle types, depending on when and where they were made, and by whom.","PeriodicalId":44308,"journal":{"name":"Antiquaries Journal","volume":"102 1","pages":"15 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42748557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-07DOI: 10.1017/s0003581521000317
G. Bernard
In a paper on the north aisle of St James, Biddenham, Bedfordshire, published in The Antiquaries Journal in 2015, in a related paper on the west tower of Bolney, West Sussex, and in a recent book, Church Building and Society in the Later Middle Ages, Gabriel Byng has questioned the typicality of church-rebuilding single-handedly directed and financed by wealthy individuals such as the Sussex knight Sir William de Etchingham. In a close study of Bolney and Biddenham, Byng argues instead that church-rebuilding ‘was run and financed by comparatively wealthy groups of peasants or townsfolk’. The case rests on Byng’s assessment of unusual surviving sources, a series of informal accounts for Bolney and a draft contract for Biddenham. This paper offers a rather different reading, and questions Byng’s claim. The decisive role at both was played by the lords, John Bolney at Bolney, and Sir William Butler at Biddenham.
在2015年发表在《古董杂志》上的一篇关于贝德福德郡比登纳姆圣詹姆斯北走廊的论文中，在一篇关于西萨塞克斯郡博尔尼西塔的相关论文中，以及在最近出版的一本书《中世纪后期的教堂建筑与社会》中，Gabriel Byng质疑由苏塞克斯骑士William de Etchinham爵士等富人独自指挥和资助的教堂重建的典型性。在对Bolney和Biddenham的仔细研究中，Byng认为教堂重建“是由相对富裕的农民或市民团体管理和资助的”。本案基于Byng对不寻常的幸存来源的评估、Bolney的一系列非正式账目以及Biddenham的合同草案。这篇论文提供了一种截然不同的解读，并对Byng的说法提出了质疑。在这两个职位上的决定性角色都是由领主们扮演的，约翰·博尔尼在博尔尼，威廉·巴特勒爵士在比登纳姆。
{"title":"CHURCHBUILDING AT BIDDENHAM AND BOLNEY RECONSIDERED","authors":"G. Bernard","doi":"10.1017/s0003581521000317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0003581521000317","url":null,"abstract":"In a paper on the north aisle of St James, Biddenham, Bedfordshire, published in The Antiquaries Journal in 2015, in a related paper on the west tower of Bolney, West Sussex, and in a recent book, Church Building and Society in the Later Middle Ages, Gabriel Byng has questioned the typicality of church-rebuilding single-handedly directed and financed by wealthy individuals such as the Sussex knight Sir William de Etchingham. In a close study of Bolney and Biddenham, Byng argues instead that church-rebuilding ‘was run and financed by comparatively wealthy groups of peasants or townsfolk’. The case rests on Byng’s assessment of unusual surviving sources, a series of informal accounts for Bolney and a draft contract for Biddenham. This paper offers a rather different reading, and questions Byng’s claim. The decisive role at both was played by the lords, John Bolney at Bolney, and Sir William Butler at Biddenham.","PeriodicalId":44308,"journal":{"name":"Antiquaries Journal","volume":"102 1","pages":"252 - 259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45135770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-28DOI: 10.1017/S0003581521000469
David Meara
{"title":"Chancel Screens Since the Reformation: proceedings of the Ecclesiological Society Conference, London, 2019. Edited by Mark Kirby. 245mm. Pp 184, frontis, num ills, many col. Ecclesiological Society, London, 2019. isbn 9780946823260. £20 (pbk).","authors":"David Meara","doi":"10.1017/S0003581521000469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003581521000469","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44308,"journal":{"name":"Antiquaries Journal","volume":"102 1","pages":"490 - 492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44305510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-20DOI: 10.1017/S0003581521000366
Andrew D. White
This paper sets out to interpret the archaeological evidence of the five known Roman fortlets on the Yorkshire coast in a novel way, especially as to the structure and appearance of the sites, and how they were used. In particular it examines the use of stylobate blocks and vertical posts, and makes some comparisons with contemporary small forts and burgi on the Rhine and Danube frontiers, and with maritime defences in Wales. It also looks at evidence for barrack accommodation within the enclosure. The evidence comes from a detailed examination of excavation reports and local histories. Finally, it considers the nature and status of the troops that formed the garrisons here.
{"title":"‘TURREM ET CASTRUM’: SOME FRESH THOUGHTS ON THE ROMAN FORTLETS OF THE YORKSHIRE COAST","authors":"Andrew D. White","doi":"10.1017/S0003581521000366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003581521000366","url":null,"abstract":"This paper sets out to interpret the archaeological evidence of the five known Roman fortlets on the Yorkshire coast in a novel way, especially as to the structure and appearance of the sites, and how they were used. In particular it examines the use of stylobate blocks and vertical posts, and makes some comparisons with contemporary small forts and burgi on the Rhine and Danube frontiers, and with maritime defences in Wales. It also looks at evidence for barrack accommodation within the enclosure. The evidence comes from a detailed examination of excavation reports and local histories. Finally, it considers the nature and status of the troops that formed the garrisons here.","PeriodicalId":44308,"journal":{"name":"Antiquaries Journal","volume":"102 1","pages":"45 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43079524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-19DOI: 10.1017/S0003581521000408
M. Gray.
The relationship between text and image in later medieval art is complex and has a growing literature. Wall paintings in two churches in South Wales suggest ways in which text could inspire sophisticated programmes of paintings. At Llandeilo Talybont, a sequence telling the story of the Crucifixion through the Instruments of the Passion relates to medieval devotions to the Instruments and to readings from the Holy Week liturgy. At Llancarfan, a medieval satirical poem on fashionable clothing and a verse translation of the life of St George suggest links between the wall paintings of Death and the Gallant, the Seven Deadly Sins and St George. Apparently random collections of wall paintings may therefore reflect a process of interaction between public art and public knowledge of texts.
{"title":"THE WRITING BEHIND THE WALL: TEXT AND IMAGE IN LATE MEDIEVAL CHURCH DECORATION","authors":"M. Gray.","doi":"10.1017/S0003581521000408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003581521000408","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between text and image in later medieval art is complex and has a growing literature. Wall paintings in two churches in South Wales suggest ways in which text could inspire sophisticated programmes of paintings. At Llandeilo Talybont, a sequence telling the story of the Crucifixion through the Instruments of the Passion relates to medieval devotions to the Instruments and to readings from the Holy Week liturgy. At Llancarfan, a medieval satirical poem on fashionable clothing and a verse translation of the life of St George suggest links between the wall paintings of Death and the Gallant, the Seven Deadly Sins and St George. Apparently random collections of wall paintings may therefore reflect a process of interaction between public art and public knowledge of texts.","PeriodicalId":44308,"journal":{"name":"Antiquaries Journal","volume":"4 6","pages":"228 - 251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41260210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.1017/S0003581521000342
T. P. Connor
The defaced and probably unfinished Easter sepulchre at St Mary’s Church, Tarrant Hinton, in Dorset is exceptional in its scale and sophisticated renaissance decoration, in comparison to other sixteenth-century structures associated with contemporary Easter liturgy. Previous notice of it has been impeded by failure to assess properly the upper part of the monument, which new photography now renders accessible. This demonstrates a remarkable resemblance between its (defaced) angels and the bronze angels by Benedetto da Rovezzano being prepared at Westminster in the late 1520s for the tomb of Cardinal Wolsey; while the lower part of the structure displays influence from contemporary French decoration. This structure is assessed in the contexts of other monuments of the early sixteenth century intended to support a temporary Easter sepulchre and of what can be reconstructed of the career of the minor but wealthy cleric who was responsible for its erection. Thomas Wever MA (d. 1536) made additions to two of his rectories besides building substantial extensions on the north side of Tarrant Hinton church. It is suggested that both his building there and the Easter sepulchre itself are unfinished and were abandoned at his death as a result of his continued indebtedness. The sepulchre itself suggests a direction that English church decoration never took.
{"title":"A LAST EASTER SEPULCHRE: THOMAS WEVER AND ST MARY’S CHURCH, TARRANT HINTON, DORSET","authors":"T. P. Connor","doi":"10.1017/S0003581521000342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003581521000342","url":null,"abstract":"The defaced and probably unfinished Easter sepulchre at St Mary’s Church, Tarrant Hinton, in Dorset is exceptional in its scale and sophisticated renaissance decoration, in comparison to other sixteenth-century structures associated with contemporary Easter liturgy. Previous notice of it has been impeded by failure to assess properly the upper part of the monument, which new photography now renders accessible. This demonstrates a remarkable resemblance between its (defaced) angels and the bronze angels by Benedetto da Rovezzano being prepared at Westminster in the late 1520s for the tomb of Cardinal Wolsey; while the lower part of the structure displays influence from contemporary French decoration. This structure is assessed in the contexts of other monuments of the early sixteenth century intended to support a temporary Easter sepulchre and of what can be reconstructed of the career of the minor but wealthy cleric who was responsible for its erection. Thomas Wever MA (d. 1536) made additions to two of his rectories besides building substantial extensions on the north side of Tarrant Hinton church. It is suggested that both his building there and the Easter sepulchre itself are unfinished and were abandoned at his death as a result of his continued indebtedness. The sepulchre itself suggests a direction that English church decoration never took.","PeriodicalId":44308,"journal":{"name":"Antiquaries Journal","volume":"102 1","pages":"342 - 369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45966822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1017/S0003581521000330
C. Brooke, P. Ryder
The church of St Michael and All Angels, Averham, is largely constructed of counter-pitched rubble and has long been interpreted as being of the early Norman period. Recent archaeological investigations by the authors have revealed conclusive evidence that the date of part of the fabric is pre-Conquest and that the west tower was originally a possible two-storey porch. Ground-based remote sensing has further revealed complex anomalies in the south and east walls of the tower.
{"title":"AVERHAM, ST MICHAEL, NOTTINGHAMSHIRE: A NEWLY IDENTIFIED PRE-CONQUEST CHURCH","authors":"C. Brooke, P. Ryder","doi":"10.1017/S0003581521000330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003581521000330","url":null,"abstract":"The church of St Michael and All Angels, Averham, is largely constructed of counter-pitched rubble and has long been interpreted as being of the early Norman period. Recent archaeological investigations by the authors have revealed conclusive evidence that the date of part of the fabric is pre-Conquest and that the west tower was originally a possible two-storey porch. Ground-based remote sensing has further revealed complex anomalies in the south and east walls of the tower.","PeriodicalId":44308,"journal":{"name":"Antiquaries Journal","volume":"102 1","pages":"88 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41747064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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