R. Gitzel, B. Klöpper, Z. Ouertani, S. Turrin, Ingo Lange
Companies and their customers are increasingly looking for new solutions to streamline and improve their operations. Maintenance, which can account for in between 15 - 70% of production costs is a key area of improvement in many industries. 'When the equipment will fail' and 'due to what type of failures' are critical information toward achieving effective and efficient maintenance operations. In this contribution we develop a product-service solution offering to support customers improving their maintenance activities. We identify the technical and organizational enablers and describe a use case example from the power industry.
{"title":"Utilizing Residual Life Information for Improved Maintenance Services","authors":"R. Gitzel, B. Klöpper, Z. Ouertani, S. Turrin, Ingo Lange","doi":"10.1109/CBI.2013.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI.2013.51","url":null,"abstract":"Companies and their customers are increasingly looking for new solutions to streamline and improve their operations. Maintenance, which can account for in between 15 - 70% of production costs is a key area of improvement in many industries. 'When the equipment will fail' and 'due to what type of failures' are critical information toward achieving effective and efficient maintenance operations. In this contribution we develop a product-service solution offering to support customers improving their maintenance activities. We identify the technical and organizational enablers and describe a use case example from the power industry.","PeriodicalId":443410,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 15th Conference on Business Informatics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129089340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enterprise wikis enable communication, consolidation and sharing of knowledge. Recently they have gained a wide acceptance. In contrast, enterprise modelling provides a holistic view on the enterprise from a managerial point of view. It focuses not on the knowledge and experience that have been obtained from the execution of operative processes by the employees, which are responsible for their execution. In this paper, we develop an integrative approach to combine these two fields. A framework will be proposed for the joint usage of enterprise wikis and enterprise modelling. The framework was applied in a case study. The results and experiences of applying the framework will be presented during the discussion of the case study.
{"title":"Enterprise Wikis and Enterprise Modelling Environments: An Integrative Framework for Purposefully Using Both","authors":"S. Bittmann, M. Fellmann, Oliver Thomas","doi":"10.1109/CBI.2013.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI.2013.61","url":null,"abstract":"Enterprise wikis enable communication, consolidation and sharing of knowledge. Recently they have gained a wide acceptance. In contrast, enterprise modelling provides a holistic view on the enterprise from a managerial point of view. It focuses not on the knowledge and experience that have been obtained from the execution of operative processes by the employees, which are responsible for their execution. In this paper, we develop an integrative approach to combine these two fields. A framework will be proposed for the joint usage of enterprise wikis and enterprise modelling. The framework was applied in a case study. The results and experiences of applying the framework will be presented during the discussion of the case study.","PeriodicalId":443410,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 15th Conference on Business Informatics","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116604141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enterprise Architecture (EA) and ITIL, two distinct governance approaches with different perspectives, have become recently dominant between practitioners. However, parallel EA and ITIL projects can lead to wasted resources and a duplication of costs and efforts. This paper proposes an integration by approaching ITIL from an EA perspective and proposes a mapping of ITIL concepts to EA, and a set of models representing the ITIL metamodel using the ArchiMate modeling language. Our goal is twofold: on one hand to give the architect the elements, relationships and models that represent best practices in IT service management, and, on the other, to formally model ITIL for knowledge sharing, stakeholder communication and to contribute to ITIL discussion and validation. For evaluation we shall use interviews and the Wand and Weber ontological method.
{"title":"Using ArchiMate to Represent ITIL Metamodel","authors":"Marco Vicente, Nelson Gama, M. Silva","doi":"10.1109/CBI.2013.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI.2013.45","url":null,"abstract":"Enterprise Architecture (EA) and ITIL, two distinct governance approaches with different perspectives, have become recently dominant between practitioners. However, parallel EA and ITIL projects can lead to wasted resources and a duplication of costs and efforts. This paper proposes an integration by approaching ITIL from an EA perspective and proposes a mapping of ITIL concepts to EA, and a set of models representing the ITIL metamodel using the ArchiMate modeling language. Our goal is twofold: on one hand to give the architect the elements, relationships and models that represent best practices in IT service management, and, on the other, to formally model ITIL for knowledge sharing, stakeholder communication and to contribute to ITIL discussion and validation. For evaluation we shall use interviews and the Wand and Weber ontological method.","PeriodicalId":443410,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 15th Conference on Business Informatics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115395213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enterprises based on a traditional, internally oriented business model consider their available resources as a starting point for determining their service offerings. However, in a world of changing customer behavior, emerging online service providers and ongoing technological advances an internal focus is no longer sufficient. The idea that customer needs should be the starting-point for designing business models becomes increaseingly accepted. This paradigm shift towards a customer-centric perspective opens up a highly relevant field of research. In this paper we present a research agenda which contributes to the development of approaches for the identification of customer needs and for the setup of customer-centric business models. The agenda is structured along three major research questions in this field. For each of these we develop first directions of multi-disciplinary research.
{"title":"Customer-Centric Business Modeling: Setting a Research Agenda","authors":"J. Moormann, Elisabeth Z. Palvölgyi","doi":"10.1109/CBI.2013.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI.2013.33","url":null,"abstract":"Enterprises based on a traditional, internally oriented business model consider their available resources as a starting point for determining their service offerings. However, in a world of changing customer behavior, emerging online service providers and ongoing technological advances an internal focus is no longer sufficient. The idea that customer needs should be the starting-point for designing business models becomes increaseingly accepted. This paradigm shift towards a customer-centric perspective opens up a highly relevant field of research. In this paper we present a research agenda which contributes to the development of approaches for the identification of customer needs and for the setup of customer-centric business models. The agenda is structured along three major research questions in this field. For each of these we develop first directions of multi-disciplinary research.","PeriodicalId":443410,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 15th Conference on Business Informatics","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131507060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erik Buchmann, Stephan Kessler, P. Jochem, Klemens Böhm
Many renewable sources for electricity generation are distributed and volatile by nature, and become inefficient and difficult to coordinate with traditional power transmission paths. As a part of the transition from fossil fuel to renewable sources, local energy markets allow an efficient allocation and distribution of energy from local sources to nearby households. When using a discrete time double auction model, bids in such markets reflect the supply and demand of energy. However, since the energy demand of a household contains personal information, such markets are not in line with privacy legislation. In this paper, we investigate the influence of anonymization methods on local energy markets. In particular, we anonymize the bids of the order book, and we compare the CO2 emissions and the expenses of market participants of this allocation with a non-anonymous one. We have modeled the flows of personal data for a local energy auction platform, and we have developed a model for the supply and demand of electricity of a small town in the near future. Our experiments show that with elementary anonymization methods, the impact of anonymization on the costs and on the CO2 emissions is small.
{"title":"The Costs of Privacy in Local Energy Markets","authors":"Erik Buchmann, Stephan Kessler, P. Jochem, Klemens Böhm","doi":"10.1109/CBI.2013.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI.2013.36","url":null,"abstract":"Many renewable sources for electricity generation are distributed and volatile by nature, and become inefficient and difficult to coordinate with traditional power transmission paths. As a part of the transition from fossil fuel to renewable sources, local energy markets allow an efficient allocation and distribution of energy from local sources to nearby households. When using a discrete time double auction model, bids in such markets reflect the supply and demand of energy. However, since the energy demand of a household contains personal information, such markets are not in line with privacy legislation. In this paper, we investigate the influence of anonymization methods on local energy markets. In particular, we anonymize the bids of the order book, and we compare the CO2 emissions and the expenses of market participants of this allocation with a non-anonymous one. We have modeled the flows of personal data for a local energy auction platform, and we have developed a model for the supply and demand of electricity of a small town in the near future. Our experiments show that with elementary anonymization methods, the impact of anonymization on the costs and on the CO2 emissions is small.","PeriodicalId":443410,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 15th Conference on Business Informatics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130325930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evolvability has emerged as a crucial non-functional requirement for software. Normalized Systems (NS) theory studies how modular structures in software respond to increasing amounts of change. The theory is based on concepts such as stability from systems theory and consists of the derivation of four principles, which locate and identify so-called combinatorial effects. The theory also shows how code generators (called expanders) can be built of which the absence of combinatorial effects towards anticipated changes can be proven. The implications of NS theory for the large-scale production of software are discussed. First, NS theory shows that addressing the high demands in terms of evolvability of software, requires new levels of fine-grained modularity in theory and practice. Second, NS theory shows that this modularity can only be achieved by highly structured and automated software development processes. Several steps towards realizing this in practice are discussed. It is concluded that by applying concepts from traditional engineering such as in NS theory, new levels of fine-grained modularity can be reached to move closer to industrialization of software development, thereby answering the ever-increasing call for more evolvability in software.
{"title":"\"IT Isn't Different After All\": Implications of Normalized Systems for the Industrialization of Software Development","authors":"J. Verelst, H. Mannaert, Philip Huysmans","doi":"10.1109/CBI.2013.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI.2013.58","url":null,"abstract":"Evolvability has emerged as a crucial non-functional requirement for software. Normalized Systems (NS) theory studies how modular structures in software respond to increasing amounts of change. The theory is based on concepts such as stability from systems theory and consists of the derivation of four principles, which locate and identify so-called combinatorial effects. The theory also shows how code generators (called expanders) can be built of which the absence of combinatorial effects towards anticipated changes can be proven. The implications of NS theory for the large-scale production of software are discussed. First, NS theory shows that addressing the high demands in terms of evolvability of software, requires new levels of fine-grained modularity in theory and practice. Second, NS theory shows that this modularity can only be achieved by highly structured and automated software development processes. Several steps towards realizing this in practice are discussed. It is concluded that by applying concepts from traditional engineering such as in NS theory, new levels of fine-grained modularity can be reached to move closer to industrialization of software development, thereby answering the ever-increasing call for more evolvability in software.","PeriodicalId":443410,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 15th Conference on Business Informatics","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123925232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over past few years Emerging Markets have contributed significantly to the Global Economic Growth, outpacing their developed counterparts. Strong economic growth in emerging markets underpins the new opportunities for businesses. These Markets are characterized by demographic advantage, dense population, and large magnitude of consumption, high growth and potential risks due to evolving nature of Governance & Regulations. Consumers, in Emerging Markets are at the cross roads with Digital Revolution and Financial and Social inclusion. Adaptation of these aspects to penetrate through multilayered consumer base demands Agile Business Processes to successfully render products and services in rapidly evolving emerging economies. This paper identifies basic elements of Business Process Agility and it's co-relation with Business Process Capability Maturity. It then recommends how an integrated approach to Process Engineering and Technology adoption of BPM can lead to agile business processes. This paper also focuses on the core business process design principles for financial access inclusion in Emerging Markets.
{"title":"Leveraging BPM Decipline to Deliver Agile Business Processes in Emerging Markets","authors":"Nivedita P. Deshmukh","doi":"10.1109/CBI.2013.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI.2013.55","url":null,"abstract":"Over past few years Emerging Markets have contributed significantly to the Global Economic Growth, outpacing their developed counterparts. Strong economic growth in emerging markets underpins the new opportunities for businesses. These Markets are characterized by demographic advantage, dense population, and large magnitude of consumption, high growth and potential risks due to evolving nature of Governance & Regulations. Consumers, in Emerging Markets are at the cross roads with Digital Revolution and Financial and Social inclusion. Adaptation of these aspects to penetrate through multilayered consumer base demands Agile Business Processes to successfully render products and services in rapidly evolving emerging economies. This paper identifies basic elements of Business Process Agility and it's co-relation with Business Process Capability Maturity. It then recommends how an integrated approach to Process Engineering and Technology adoption of BPM can lead to agile business processes. This paper also focuses on the core business process design principles for financial access inclusion in Emerging Markets.","PeriodicalId":443410,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 15th Conference on Business Informatics","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122622983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While risk regulations and compliance requirements grow, the capacity of governmental controls only shrinks in many countries. Automation provides a partial solution to this problem, but more is expected from new modes of supervision. The reliability of the provided data becomes essential then. Reliability can be supported by auditing services. At the same time, the advent of Smart Computing creates new requirements on auditing as well as new opportunities. Technology (smart sensors and intelligent data analysis) can support both accounting information system and audit services. To address these developments, this paper discusses the related concepts of Smart Auditing. An initial evaluation has been performed in the domain of customs control as well.
{"title":"Smart Auditing -- Innovating Compliance Checking in Customs Control","authors":"F. Bukhsh, H. Weigand","doi":"10.1109/CBI.2013.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI.2013.27","url":null,"abstract":"While risk regulations and compliance requirements grow, the capacity of governmental controls only shrinks in many countries. Automation provides a partial solution to this problem, but more is expected from new modes of supervision. The reliability of the provided data becomes essential then. Reliability can be supported by auditing services. At the same time, the advent of Smart Computing creates new requirements on auditing as well as new opportunities. Technology (smart sensors and intelligent data analysis) can support both accounting information system and audit services. To address these developments, this paper discusses the related concepts of Smart Auditing. An initial evaluation has been performed in the domain of customs control as well.","PeriodicalId":443410,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 15th Conference on Business Informatics","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126258614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Breu, S. Dustdar, Johann Eder, C. Huemer, G. Kappel, Julius Köpke, Philip Langer, Juergen Mangler, J. Mendling, G. Neumann, S. Rinderle-Ma, Stefan Schulte, Stefan Sobernig, B. Weber
Business Process Management (BPM) has gained significant adoption in practice for enabling organizations to increase their effectiveness, efficiency, and flexibility. This broad adoption has not only been fostered by a rich and well-established theory to model, analyze, simulate, and enact business processes, but also by internationally accepted standards and mature technologies. Caused by the ever increasing speed and volatility of markets and the dynamics of new technologies, such as cloud infrastructures and mobile communications, we face a new generation of business processes, which we refer to as living inter-organizational processes. Such processes are not in control of one single organization, instead, they are enacted by multiple organizations, where no participating party possesses full control over the entire process. Such processes often involve a high number of actors that might even be unknown in advance. These actors require various degrees in participation, they are acting in heterogeneous environments. Moreover, such processes are often weakly structured or designed in an ad-hoc manner, and have to be continuously subject to evolution. Unfortunately, existing theories, methodologies, and technologies cannot cope with this challenging combination of aspects, which all have to be considered when dealing with living inter-organizational processes. The state of the art typically addresses singular aspects in isolation. However, a holistic approach to these challenges bears a tremendous potential. This paper aims to contribute towards a holistic approach to living inter-organizational processes. To this end, we describe different perspectives on inter-organizational processes and identify challenges for making them living processes.
{"title":"Towards Living Inter-organizational Processes","authors":"R. Breu, S. Dustdar, Johann Eder, C. Huemer, G. Kappel, Julius Köpke, Philip Langer, Juergen Mangler, J. Mendling, G. Neumann, S. Rinderle-Ma, Stefan Schulte, Stefan Sobernig, B. Weber","doi":"10.1109/CBI.2013.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI.2013.59","url":null,"abstract":"Business Process Management (BPM) has gained significant adoption in practice for enabling organizations to increase their effectiveness, efficiency, and flexibility. This broad adoption has not only been fostered by a rich and well-established theory to model, analyze, simulate, and enact business processes, but also by internationally accepted standards and mature technologies. Caused by the ever increasing speed and volatility of markets and the dynamics of new technologies, such as cloud infrastructures and mobile communications, we face a new generation of business processes, which we refer to as living inter-organizational processes. Such processes are not in control of one single organization, instead, they are enacted by multiple organizations, where no participating party possesses full control over the entire process. Such processes often involve a high number of actors that might even be unknown in advance. These actors require various degrees in participation, they are acting in heterogeneous environments. Moreover, such processes are often weakly structured or designed in an ad-hoc manner, and have to be continuously subject to evolution. Unfortunately, existing theories, methodologies, and technologies cannot cope with this challenging combination of aspects, which all have to be considered when dealing with living inter-organizational processes. The state of the art typically addresses singular aspects in isolation. However, a holistic approach to these challenges bears a tremendous potential. This paper aims to contribute towards a holistic approach to living inter-organizational processes. To this end, we describe different perspectives on inter-organizational processes and identify challenges for making them living processes.","PeriodicalId":443410,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 15th Conference on Business Informatics","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130884520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Massive amounts of textual and digital data are created daily from business or public activities. The organisation, mining and summarization of such a rich and large information source is required to capture the essential and critical knowledge it contains. Such a mining is of strategic importance in many domains including innovation (eg to mine technological reviews and scientific literature) and electronic commerce (eg to mine customer reviews). Information content generally bears several important aspects, mapped onto visualisation dimensions, whose number needs to be reduced to enable relevant interactive exploration. In this paper, we propose a novel strategy to mine and organise document sets, in order to present them in a consistent manner and to highlight interesting and relevant information patterns they contain. We base our method on the formulation of a global optimisation problem solved by using the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) approach. We show how this compact formulation opens interesting possibilities for the mining of document collections mapped onto multidimensional information sets. We discuss the issue of scalability and show that associated scalable solutions exist. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method over several types of documents, embedded into real business cases.
{"title":"Multi-dimensional Information Ordering to Support Decision-Making Processes","authors":"S. Marchand-Maillet, B. Hofreiter","doi":"10.1109/CBI.2013.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI.2013.21","url":null,"abstract":"Massive amounts of textual and digital data are created daily from business or public activities. The organisation, mining and summarization of such a rich and large information source is required to capture the essential and critical knowledge it contains. Such a mining is of strategic importance in many domains including innovation (eg to mine technological reviews and scientific literature) and electronic commerce (eg to mine customer reviews). Information content generally bears several important aspects, mapped onto visualisation dimensions, whose number needs to be reduced to enable relevant interactive exploration. In this paper, we propose a novel strategy to mine and organise document sets, in order to present them in a consistent manner and to highlight interesting and relevant information patterns they contain. We base our method on the formulation of a global optimisation problem solved by using the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) approach. We show how this compact formulation opens interesting possibilities for the mining of document collections mapped onto multidimensional information sets. We discuss the issue of scalability and show that associated scalable solutions exist. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method over several types of documents, embedded into real business cases.","PeriodicalId":443410,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 15th Conference on Business Informatics","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116441099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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