Revista Iberoamericana de Psicologia y Salud最新文献

The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the efficacy of telephone-administered psychological interventions for mood disorders. A systematic search was conducted using the databases PsycINFO, Medline, the Cochrane Library Database, from 1974 to December 2013; seventeen studies were selected. In the studies different kinds of psychological interventions were assessed, mostly cognitive-behavioral, with results, at least, as positive as those obtained in face-to-face psychotherapy, with a combined small-medium effect size of −0.42 accordingto Cohen's d 95% CI [−0.50, −0.34]. The data obtained in most of the studies suggest that the telephone constitutes an useful tool in the field of psychological intervention for depression. However, the results also show the lack of homogeneity among the studies, Q= 712.48, p < .001, namely, there are moderators of the effects that could not be studied because of lack of studies.

The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of neuropsychological rehabilitation procedures on the quality of life in non-Spanish-speaking individuals with some cognitive deficit. Sixteen studies published during the 2001–2012 period which yielded relevant information regarding the sample sizes used, the types of statistical contrasts, the evaluation instruments or pathologies among others, were analyzed. We carried out study following the usual estimation procedures, based on the definition of the effect size and the scrutiny of their relationship with relevant variables (e.g., sample sizes, type of population), or methodological variables (e.g., type of research or sampling design). The data analysis shows a statistically significant effect (r₊ = .38; p < .001) in all the variables associated with the characteristics of the intervention (duration, type of intervention, gender, year of publication and, more importantly, quality of life and neuropsychological outcomes). As a general conclusion, we were able to determine that Quality of Life (QoL) can improve, under certain conditions, through neuropsychological rehabilitation, but this change is not permanent.

During youth the habits and attitudes that will influence the adoption or abandonment of preventive sexual behaviors are consolidated. The objective of this study is twofold, to describe the sexual habits of Spanish college students and know how stereotypes and perceived control to HIV/AIDS are related to the illusion of invulnerability. Afield study was conducted with 269 undergraduates, 72 males and 197 females, aged between 18 and 25 years (M = 19.57, SD = 1.82) at the Rey Juan Carlos University of Madrid during the 2011–2012 academic year. The 85.13% of undergraduate students were sexually active. Of these, 71.2%showed some degree of illusion of invulnerability, with women showing slightly higher scores. Although students still follow stereotyping people with AIDS, non significant relationship was found with this socio-cognitive variable. Sex and the stability of the relationship acted as moderator variables of the relationship between perceived control and the illusion of invulnerability. It is necessary to keep on providing accurate information about AIDS to eliminate stereotypes and design prevention programs that reduce the illusion of invulnerability and the perception of control.

The quantitative evaluation of research and its link to economic aspects are currently elements of great interest in the university policies. Therefore, the objective of this study is to update the classification of the Spanish Autonomous Communities according to scientific productivity and the economic efficiency of their universities. In order to do this, data from 2012 was used (or as close as possible) from Spanish public universities using seven indicators (articles published in journals from the Journal Citation Reports, research sections, research projects, doctoral theses, fellowships-for the training of university teachers [FPU in Spanish], doctorate programs with Excellence Mention and patents). The Autonomous Communities with higher productivity are Cataluña, Baleares and Cantabria. The most efficient ones are Madrid (not including the National Distance Education University [UNED]), Cataluña and Andalucía. In conclusion, the importance of financing in scientific production can be observed, and also detect if the universities of each Spanish community are really efficient according to the economic resources they receive, enabling an analysis of their management.

A study was designed with the aims of estimating the prevalence of patients with medication adherence problems, and studying the association between the numberof adhesion problems and socio-demographic variables, clinical variables, illness perception and support social. For this purpose, a probability sample of 289 patients treated in the Diabetes Clinic of the Medical Service of the Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon (UANL), Mexico, was selected. Ascale of medication adherence, a questionnaire of illness perception and two social support scales were applied to this clinical sample. The results showed that the prevalence of problems of adherence to treatment was significant. Medication adherence was predicted by greater perceived improvement owing to treatment and by being older. This model had a close fit to the data by the Maximum Likelihood method. It is concluded that the medication that produces improvement perceived by the patient is the most important variable to predictive the medication adhesion.