B. Iqbal, A. Raj, Sushma G Gurwale, C. Gore, Madhuri Singh
Spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) is an unusual variant of squamous cell carcinoma (S.C.C.) of the head and neck region. It is a rare biphasic neoplasm. SpCC is an unusual morphological variant of S.C.C. It is characterized by the presence of both carcinomatous as well as sarcomatous component and accounts for 2 to 3% of all the S.C.C.s. Seven years ago, the W.H.O. classification has placed this tumor under the malignant epithelial tumors and called it SpCC. The histogenesis of spindle cells remains controversial and is believed to be monoclonal epithelial neoplasia with a close association with squamous carcinoma cells. Since SpCC is a rare tumor, its histopathological diagnosis is often very complex. Immunohistochemistry (I.H.C.) supports the epithelial nature of this tumor. Both neoplasia components possess immunoreactivity for cytokeratin and vimentin. We are presenting a case of a middle-aged man who was diagnosed with this rare variant at an even rarer location.
{"title":"Spindle Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue: A Rare Variant at an Even Rarer Location","authors":"B. Iqbal, A. Raj, Sushma G Gurwale, C. Gore, Madhuri Singh","doi":"10.51847/gznnxp2qlt","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51847/gznnxp2qlt","url":null,"abstract":"Spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) is an unusual variant of squamous cell carcinoma (S.C.C.) of the head and neck region. It is a rare biphasic neoplasm. SpCC is an unusual morphological variant of S.C.C. It is characterized by the presence of both carcinomatous as well as sarcomatous component and accounts for 2 to 3% of all the S.C.C.s. Seven years ago, the W.H.O. classification has placed this tumor under the malignant epithelial tumors and called it SpCC. The histogenesis of spindle cells remains controversial and is believed to be monoclonal epithelial neoplasia with a close association with squamous carcinoma cells. Since SpCC is a rare tumor, its histopathological diagnosis is often very complex. Immunohistochemistry (I.H.C.) supports the epithelial nature of this tumor. Both neoplasia components possess immunoreactivity for cytokeratin and vimentin. We are presenting a case of a middle-aged man who was diagnosed with this rare variant at an even rarer location.","PeriodicalId":44457,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70821891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chemotherapy is the most important treatment option for patients diagnosed at an advanced stage. Chemotherapy both prolongs survival and increases the quality of life. Today, there is still no definite information about whether doublet or triplet chemotherapy should be chosen in empirical therapy. Therefore, we designed our study to evaluate first-line treatment options in metastatic gastric cancer.Our study is retrospective and involves five centers in Turkey. Inclusion criteria were the presence of metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma pathology, not having received treatment for local gastric cancer (surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy), having received chemotherapy (patients with two or more combinations of drugs were included in the study, and patients who received single-drug chemotherapy were not included) for metastatic disease and being HER-2 negative. The survival of the triplet chemotherapy group was significantly longer when compared with the patients who received oxaliplatin-based doublet chemotherapy (11.1 vs. 8.1 months p=0.007). When the patients who received triplet chemotherapy and those who received cisplatin-based doublet chemotherapy were compared, there was no statistically significant difference (11.13 vs. 10.57 months p=0.665).If chemotherapy will be chosen as the first-line treatment in metastatic gastric cancer, choosing triplet chemotherapy regimens if possible, and if doublet chemotherapy will be given for any reason, choosing cisplatin-based regimens may be more appropriate, especially for the patient population in Turkey.
化疗是晚期确诊患者最重要的治疗选择。化疗既延长了生存期，又提高了生活质量。目前，在经验治疗中是否应选择双重或三重化疗仍没有明确的信息。因此，我们设计了我们的研究来评估转移性胃癌的一线治疗方案。我们的研究是回顾性的，涉及土耳其的五个中心。纳入标准为存在转移性胃腺癌病理，未接受过局部胃癌治疗(手术、化疗或放疗)，接受过转移性疾病化疗(两种或两种以上药物联合治疗的患者被纳入研究，接受单药化疗的患者未被纳入研究)，HER-2阴性。与接受奥沙利铂双重化疗的患者相比，三联化疗组的生存期明显更长(11.1个月vs 8.1个月p=0.007)。三联体化疗组与以顺铂为基础的双联体化疗组比较，差异无统计学意义(11.13 vs. 10.57月p=0.665)。如果转移性胃癌选择化疗作为一线治疗，尽可能选择三重化疗方案，如果任何原因需要双重化疗，选择以顺铂为基础的方案可能更合适，特别是对于土耳其的患者群体。
{"title":"Trıplet or Doublet Chemotherapy Regimens in Metastatic Gastric Cancer","authors":"S. Yıldırım, C. Yılmaz","doi":"10.51847/rpfscains5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51847/rpfscains5","url":null,"abstract":"Chemotherapy is the most important treatment option for patients diagnosed at an advanced stage. Chemotherapy both prolongs survival and increases the quality of life. Today, there is still no definite information about whether doublet or triplet chemotherapy should be chosen in empirical therapy. Therefore, we designed our study to evaluate first-line treatment options in metastatic gastric cancer.Our study is retrospective and involves five centers in Turkey. Inclusion criteria were the presence of metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma pathology, not having received treatment for local gastric cancer (surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy), having received chemotherapy (patients with two or more combinations of drugs were included in the study, and patients who received single-drug chemotherapy were not included) for metastatic disease and being HER-2 negative. The survival of the triplet chemotherapy group was significantly longer when compared with the patients who received oxaliplatin-based doublet chemotherapy (11.1 vs. 8.1 months p=0.007). When the patients who received triplet chemotherapy and those who received cisplatin-based doublet chemotherapy were compared, there was no statistically significant difference (11.13 vs. 10.57 months p=0.665).If chemotherapy will be chosen as the first-line treatment in metastatic gastric cancer, choosing triplet chemotherapy regimens if possible, and if doublet chemotherapy will be given for any reason, choosing cisplatin-based regimens may be more appropriate, especially for the patient population in Turkey.","PeriodicalId":44457,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70832838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine condition that affects people all over the world. Numerous clinical research has looked into the relationship between diabetes and cancer and how it may be caused. This review investigates the recently published literature regarding the risk of the development of cancer in patients with DM. PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, and Cochrane library were searched. Study articles were screened by title and abstract using Rayyan QCRI then a full-text assessment was implemented. Fifteen studies were included, with 1,080,106 diabetic patients who developed different types of cancers. Most of our included studies reported that DM increases the risk of cancer development; however, it is reported that DM was related to a lower risk of prostate cancer. This review revealed a potential link between cancer and diabetes. However, most of the studies' findings are ambiguous and contradictory, necessitating further investigation to establish the relationship between diabetes and cancer.
糖尿病(DM)是一种影响世界各地人们的常见内分泌疾病。大量的临床研究调查了糖尿病和癌症之间的关系以及它是如何引起的。本综述调查了最近发表的关于糖尿病患者发生癌症风险的文献。检索了PubMed、Web of Science、Science Direct、EBSCO和Cochrane图书馆。采用Rayyan QCRI对研究文章进行标题和摘要筛选，然后进行全文评估。其中包括15项研究，1080106名患有不同类型癌症的糖尿病患者。我们纳入的大多数研究报告称，糖尿病会增加患癌症的风险;然而，据报道，糖尿病与前列腺癌的风险较低有关。这篇综述揭示了癌症和糖尿病之间的潜在联系。然而，大多数研究结果是模糊和矛盾的，需要进一步的研究来确定糖尿病和癌症之间的关系。
{"title":"Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Different Types of Cancers: A Systematic Review","authors":"Saud S Alharbi","doi":"10.51847/trrtsjqjys","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51847/trrtsjqjys","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine condition that affects people all over the world. Numerous clinical research has looked into the relationship between diabetes and cancer and how it may be caused. This review investigates the recently published literature regarding the risk of the development of cancer in patients with DM. PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, and Cochrane library were searched. Study articles were screened by title and abstract using Rayyan QCRI then a full-text assessment was implemented. Fifteen studies were included, with 1,080,106 diabetic patients who developed different types of cancers. Most of our included studies reported that DM increases the risk of cancer development; however, it is reported that DM was related to a lower risk of prostate cancer. This review revealed a potential link between cancer and diabetes. However, most of the studies' findings are ambiguous and contradictory, necessitating further investigation to establish the relationship between diabetes and cancer.","PeriodicalId":44457,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70835029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cancers, especially of the neural tissue, are often deemed a death sentence. However, neither the cellular and molecular mechanisms nor the underlying causes are fully defined. Despite what is currently known about various types of brain tumors, it remains poorly understood how they spread and cause collateral damage to other parts of the brain. This research focuses the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and enzymes from brain cancer cases and various secreted proteins and enzymes within the following hypothesis responsible for the breach of the blood-brain barrier. This research investigated the role of CSF in brain cancer and BBB. The research provides evidence that the leakage typically occurs at the spine level, especially in the thoracic spine region and the cardsiothoracic connection at the base of the brain. The aim is to determine the various proteins and enzymes contained within the CSF and investigated how to evaluate and specifically examine: (a) protein, (b) identity of these proteins/enzymes, (c) sequence of proteins/enzymes, and (d) identify the genes encoding these proteins/enzymes. Furthermore, the evidence that the function of CSF is breached by the components released from the tumorous tissue identifies the precise foci of this leakage and various proteins and enzymes that may be responsible for this damage. These observations perform a novel role in the detection of enzymes and toxins released by tumor cells, and a new component recognizes the type of CSF, whether it is normal CSF and proteolysis components of CSF related to tumor cells.
{"title":"A Systematic Mapping Study of Tumor Cell Released by Enzymes and Toxins","authors":"S. Saeed","doi":"10.51847/wpdou0f3sc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51847/wpdou0f3sc","url":null,"abstract":"Cancers, especially of the neural tissue, are often deemed a death sentence. However, neither the cellular and molecular mechanisms nor the underlying causes are fully defined. Despite what is currently known about various types of brain tumors, it remains poorly understood how they spread and cause collateral damage to other parts of the brain. This research focuses the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and enzymes from brain cancer cases and various secreted proteins and enzymes within the following hypothesis responsible for the breach of the blood-brain barrier. This research investigated the role of CSF in brain cancer and BBB. The research provides evidence that the leakage typically occurs at the spine level, especially in the thoracic spine region and the cardsiothoracic connection at the base of the brain. The aim is to determine the various proteins and enzymes contained within the CSF and investigated how to evaluate and specifically examine: (a) protein, (b) identity of these proteins/enzymes, (c) sequence of proteins/enzymes, and (d) identify the genes encoding these proteins/enzymes. Furthermore, the evidence that the function of CSF is breached by the components released from the tumorous tissue identifies the precise foci of this leakage and various proteins and enzymes that may be responsible for this damage. These observations perform a novel role in the detection of enzymes and toxins released by tumor cells, and a new component recognizes the type of CSF, whether it is normal CSF and proteolysis components of CSF related to tumor cells.","PeriodicalId":44457,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70838661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Iqbal, Rajeshwari Ravishankar, Meesha Zaheer, S. S. Chandanwale, C. Gore
{"title":"Megakaryocytic Alterations in Thrombocytopenia: A Bone Marrow Aspiration Study","authors":"B. Iqbal, Rajeshwari Ravishankar, Meesha Zaheer, S. S. Chandanwale, C. Gore","doi":"10.51847/jne8swydaw","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51847/jne8swydaw","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44457,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70825674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Damian Mojsak, Michał Dębczyński, Beata Kuklińska, R. Mroz
Ewing's sarcoma is a rare and extremely aggressive neoplasm with a tendency to recur even after radical surgery and a tendency to early metastasis. This cancer is characteristic of the pediatric population because the peak incidence of this type of cancer occurs in patients between 10 and 20 years of age, but about 30% of cases occur in older patients. We present a case of Ewing's sarcoma in a 58-year-old man with a foot tumor manifestation with a history of back and left leg pain. Due to a lung tumor in the chest X-ray, the patient was referred to the Pulmonology Department, however, the diagnosis was postponed for many months, which in the case of an aggressive tumor, such as Ewing's sarcoma, significantly worsened the initially unfavorable prognosis. The COVID-19 pandemic is having a strong impact on the healthcare systems of countries around the world. Reorganizing medical care and focusing on the pandemic has an impact on the diagnosis and treatment of other diseases. In the current situation, we observe an increase in the number of patients presenting at an advanced stage of the disease, which excludes the possibility of radical treatment. Fear of infection causes both patients to avoid diagnosing disease by focusing on acute symptomatic treatment. The discussed case shows the possible impact of the epidemiological situation of the COVID19 pandemic on the diagnosis and treatment of oncology.
{"title":"Ewing's Sarcoma in a 58-Year-Old Man: Oncological Diagnosis in the Time of COVID-19","authors":"Damian Mojsak, Michał Dębczyński, Beata Kuklińska, R. Mroz","doi":"10.51847/rqquqpcuny","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51847/rqquqpcuny","url":null,"abstract":"Ewing's sarcoma is a rare and extremely aggressive neoplasm with a tendency to recur even after radical surgery and a tendency to early metastasis. This cancer is characteristic of the pediatric population because the peak incidence of this type of cancer occurs in patients between 10 and 20 years of age, but about 30% of cases occur in older patients. We present a case of Ewing's sarcoma in a 58-year-old man with a foot tumor manifestation with a history of back and left leg pain. Due to a lung tumor in the chest X-ray, the patient was referred to the Pulmonology Department, however, the diagnosis was postponed for many months, which in the case of an aggressive tumor, such as Ewing's sarcoma, significantly worsened the initially unfavorable prognosis. The COVID-19 pandemic is having a strong impact on the healthcare systems of countries around the world. Reorganizing medical care and focusing on the pandemic has an impact on the diagnosis and treatment of other diseases. In the current situation, we observe an increase in the number of patients presenting at an advanced stage of the disease, which excludes the possibility of radical treatment. Fear of infection causes both patients to avoid diagnosing disease by focusing on acute symptomatic treatment. The discussed case shows the possible impact of the epidemiological situation of the COVID19 pandemic on the diagnosis and treatment of oncology.","PeriodicalId":44457,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70832906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rawan Deham I Aledeilah, Omar Hussain Ali Alanazi, Bader Saad Faleh AlHarby, M. A. Al Issa, Sara Ali Saleh Al-Dhahry, A. K. Alanazi, H. Alanazi, S. N. Alanazi
Breast cancer accounts for 24.5% of all cancer cases and 14% of all cancer deaths in women globally. Breastfeeding is thought to lower the risk of breast cancer mainly through two mechanisms; differentiation of breast tissue and a decrease in the total number of ovulatory cycles throughout a woman's lifetime. The objective of this systematic review is to investigate the published literature that studied breastfeeding and its duration as a possible protective factor for the development of breast cancer. PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, and Cochrane library were searched. Study articles were screened by title and abstract using Rayyan QCRI then a full-text assessment was implemented. Fifteen studies published between 2000 and 2022 with a total of 27315 breast cancer patients were included. Most included studies reported that breastfeeding and its longer duration play a protective role against breast cancer. Only three studies reported no association between breastfeeding and breast cancer development. So, our systematic review found that breastfeeding, especially breastfeeding of longer duration, was considered a protective factor against breast cancer. Therefore, it was advised that data on breastfeeding duration should be gathered by researchers in order to possibly lower the incidence of breast cancer. If breastfeeding offers protection against breast cancer, a more thorough analysis of potential confounders may shed light on how this protection is achieved. This systematic review reported that breastfeeding, especially breastfeeding of longer duration, was considered a protective factor against breast cancer.
乳腺癌占全球妇女所有癌症病例的24.5%，占所有癌症死亡的14%。母乳喂养被认为主要通过两种机制来降低患乳腺癌的风险;乳腺组织分化和女性一生中排卵周期总数的减少本系统综述的目的是调查已发表的研究母乳喂养及其持续时间作为乳腺癌发展可能的保护因素的文献。检索PubMed、Web of Science、Science Direct、EBSCO和Cochrane图书馆。采用Rayyan QCRI对研究文章进行标题和摘要筛选，然后进行全文评估。2000年至2022年间发表的15项研究共包括27315名乳腺癌患者。大多数纳入的研究报告称，母乳喂养及其持续时间较长对预防乳腺癌起着保护作用。只有三项研究表明母乳喂养和乳腺癌之间没有关联。因此，我们的系统综述发现，母乳喂养，尤其是持续时间较长的母乳喂养，被认为是预防乳腺癌的保护因素。因此，有人建议，研究人员应该收集母乳喂养时间的数据，以便可能降低乳腺癌的发病率。如果母乳喂养可以预防乳腺癌，那么对潜在混杂因素进行更彻底的分析可能会揭示这种保护是如何实现的。这篇系统综述报道了母乳喂养，特别是更长时间的母乳喂养，被认为是预防乳腺癌的保护因素。
{"title":"Breastfeeding as a Protective Factor against Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review","authors":"Rawan Deham I Aledeilah, Omar Hussain Ali Alanazi, Bader Saad Faleh AlHarby, M. A. Al Issa, Sara Ali Saleh Al-Dhahry, A. K. Alanazi, H. Alanazi, S. N. Alanazi","doi":"10.51847/cyzvpnmb4r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51847/cyzvpnmb4r","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer accounts for 24.5% of all cancer cases and 14% of all cancer deaths in women globally. Breastfeeding is thought to lower the risk of breast cancer mainly through two mechanisms; differentiation of breast tissue and a decrease in the total number of ovulatory cycles throughout a woman's lifetime. The objective of this systematic review is to investigate the published literature that studied breastfeeding and its duration as a possible protective factor for the development of breast cancer. PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, and Cochrane library were searched. Study articles were screened by title and abstract using Rayyan QCRI then a full-text assessment was implemented. Fifteen studies published between 2000 and 2022 with a total of 27315 breast cancer patients were included. Most included studies reported that breastfeeding and its longer duration play a protective role against breast cancer. Only three studies reported no association between breastfeeding and breast cancer development. So, our systematic review found that breastfeeding, especially breastfeeding of longer duration, was considered a protective factor against breast cancer. Therefore, it was advised that data on breastfeeding duration should be gathered by researchers in order to possibly lower the incidence of breast cancer. If breastfeeding offers protection against breast cancer, a more thorough analysis of potential confounders may shed light on how this protection is achieved. This systematic review reported that breastfeeding, especially breastfeeding of longer duration, was considered a protective factor against breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":44457,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70818246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Several studies included our preceding works on different types and doses of plasma sources on both normal and cancerous cells. All previous research tried to discuss and interpret cancer treatment concepts given plasma and cell interaction. Plasma has an effective role and specification character on cancerous cells outcome via many investigations (genetically, immunologically, and biochemically measurements) lead us to numerous paths of different theories which may create a new approach for considerations. This study was designed using a plasma jet powered by a Tesla coil used for generating Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet (CAPPJ) from dielectric barrier discharge. The subject samples were categorized into three groups, the first was the cancer cell line. The second was normal blood samples whereas, the third one was non-exposed blood cells cultivated in CAPPJ-exposed cultures. The Cytokinesis Blocked Micronucleus Test (CBMN), a cytome assay, the protein expression of the P53 and Bcl2 genes, the interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were the variables used in the current investigation. Results indicated that the direct interaction between cells and CAPPJ is more efficient than cells cultivated in CAPPJ-exposed cultures. Cell viability and protein expression levels of Bcl2 and P53 genes in CAPPJ irradiated Breast Cancer Cell lines (BCC) were remarkably valuable. CAPPJ affects cells via not only free radicals and enhancement of several important pathways but may be via direct interaction with DNA.
{"title":"Another Concept of Cancer Interpretation in View of the Interaction between Plasma Radiation and DNA","authors":"M. M. Ahmed, S. Montaser, A. Elhadary, G. Elaragi","doi":"10.51847/pms16qq3bk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51847/pms16qq3bk","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies included our preceding works on different types and doses of plasma sources on both normal and cancerous cells. All previous research tried to discuss and interpret cancer treatment concepts given plasma and cell interaction. Plasma has an effective role and specification character on cancerous cells outcome via many investigations (genetically, immunologically, and biochemically measurements) lead us to numerous paths of different theories which may create a new approach for considerations. This study was designed using a plasma jet powered by a Tesla coil used for generating Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet (CAPPJ) from dielectric barrier discharge. The subject samples were categorized into three groups, the first was the cancer cell line. The second was normal blood samples whereas, the third one was non-exposed blood cells cultivated in CAPPJ-exposed cultures. The Cytokinesis Blocked Micronucleus Test (CBMN), a cytome assay, the protein expression of the P53 and Bcl2 genes, the interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were the variables used in the current investigation. Results indicated that the direct interaction between cells and CAPPJ is more efficient than cells cultivated in CAPPJ-exposed cultures. Cell viability and protein expression levels of Bcl2 and P53 genes in CAPPJ irradiated Breast Cancer Cell lines (BCC) were remarkably valuable. CAPPJ affects cells via not only free radicals and enhancement of several important pathways but may be via direct interaction with DNA.","PeriodicalId":44457,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70830403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Breast cancer, which is an important public health problem worldwide, is one of the deadliest cancers in women. This study aims to classify open-access breast cancer data and identify important risk factors with the Stochastic Gradient Boosting Method. The open-access breast cancer dataset was used to construct a classification model in the study. Stochastic Gradient Boosting was used to classify the disease. Balanced accuracy, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive/negative predictive values were evaluated for model performance. The accuracy, balanced accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and F1 score metrics obtained with the Stochastic Gradient Boosting model were 100 %, 100 %, 100 %, 100 %, 100 %, and 100 %, and 100 % respectively. In addition, the importance of the variables obtained, the most important risk factors for breast cancer were a cave. points_mean, area_worst, and perimeter_worst, concave. points_worst respectively. According to the study results, with the machine-learning model Stochastic Gradient Boosting used, patients with and without breast cancer were classified with high accuracy, and the importance of the variables related to cancer status was determined. Factors with high variable importance can be considered potential risk factors associated with cancer status and can play an essential role in disease diagnosis.
{"title":"Breast Cancer Risk Prediction with Stochastic Gradient Boosting","authors":"Mehmet Kivrak","doi":"10.51847/21qrrklo4y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51847/21qrrklo4y","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer, which is an important public health problem worldwide, is one of the deadliest cancers in women. This study aims to classify open-access breast cancer data and identify important risk factors with the Stochastic Gradient Boosting Method. The open-access breast cancer dataset was used to construct a classification model in the study. Stochastic Gradient Boosting was used to classify the disease. Balanced accuracy, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive/negative predictive values were evaluated for model performance. The accuracy, balanced accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and F1 score metrics obtained with the Stochastic Gradient Boosting model were 100 %, 100 %, 100 %, 100 %, 100 %, and 100 %, and 100 % respectively. In addition, the importance of the variables obtained, the most important risk factors for breast cancer were a cave. points_mean, area_worst, and perimeter_worst, concave. points_worst respectively. According to the study results, with the machine-learning model Stochastic Gradient Boosting used, patients with and without breast cancer were classified with high accuracy, and the importance of the variables related to cancer status was determined. Factors with high variable importance can be considered potential risk factors associated with cancer status and can play an essential role in disease diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":44457,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70810363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC) is a unique type of extrahepatic adenocarcinoma that histologically mimics the appearance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach has a poor prognosis with increased potential for liver metastasis. HCC and HAC share clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features. The diagnosis of metastatic hepatoid adenocarcinoma to the liver is challenging. It is often misdiagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma. The diagnostic dilemma is more when the primary tumour is unknown and the first diagnosis is to be established on liver biopsy. Herein, we present the case of a 68-year-old male patient who presented with dysphagia and abdominal discomfort for a three-month duration. Imaging studies showed multiple hypodense lesions in both lobes of the liver. Serum AFP level was markedly elevated to a level of 83,000 ng/ml). A liver biopsy showed atypical polygonal cells in the trabecular pattern. The atypical cells were CK7 negative, CK 20 negative, Hep Par-1 positive and AFP positive. Features were suggestive of hepatocellular carcinoma. Endoscopy showed ulceroproliferative growth in the distal body and antrum of the stomach, a biopsy of which showed atypical cells of similar morphology. The cells were showing focal positivity for CK7, CK20, Hep Par-1 and AFP. On further evaluation, tumour cells in both locations showed positivity for SALL 4. Correlating clinical features, radiology, serum marker values and IHC profile, diagnosis of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach with liver metastasis was given.
{"title":"Hepatic Metastasis from Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach Mimicking Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Diagnostic Challenge","authors":"R. Sukumaran, A. Mathews, N. Radhakrishnan","doi":"10.51847/eddehtlu0r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51847/eddehtlu0r","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC) is a unique type of extrahepatic adenocarcinoma that histologically mimics the appearance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach has a poor prognosis with increased potential for liver metastasis. HCC and HAC share clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features. The diagnosis of metastatic hepatoid adenocarcinoma to the liver is challenging. It is often misdiagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma. The diagnostic dilemma is more when the primary tumour is unknown and the first diagnosis is to be established on liver biopsy. Herein, we present the case of a 68-year-old male patient who presented with dysphagia and abdominal discomfort for a three-month duration. Imaging studies showed multiple hypodense lesions in both lobes of the liver. Serum AFP level was markedly elevated to a level of 83,000 ng/ml). A liver biopsy showed atypical polygonal cells in the trabecular pattern. The atypical cells were CK7 negative, CK 20 negative, Hep Par-1 positive and AFP positive. Features were suggestive of hepatocellular carcinoma. Endoscopy showed ulceroproliferative growth in the distal body and antrum of the stomach, a biopsy of which showed atypical cells of similar morphology. The cells were showing focal positivity for CK7, CK20, Hep Par-1 and AFP. On further evaluation, tumour cells in both locations showed positivity for SALL 4. Correlating clinical features, radiology, serum marker values and IHC profile, diagnosis of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach with liver metastasis was given.","PeriodicalId":44457,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70819455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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