Pub Date : 2005-06-22DOI: 10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462138
A. Fratalocchi, G. Assanto
We demonstrate an optical switch based on mode mixing in a liquid crystalline waveguide defined by an external voltage. Efficient switching and rerouting can be achieved using either an external voltage modulation or the optical input power with good contrast in the whole transparency region.
{"title":"Optical switching in a liquid crystalline waveguide","authors":"A. Fratalocchi, G. Assanto","doi":"10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462138","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate an optical switch based on mode mixing in a liquid crystalline waveguide defined by an external voltage. Efficient switching and rerouting can be achieved using either an external voltage modulation or the optical input power with good contrast in the whole transparency region.","PeriodicalId":445290,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2005 IEEE/LEOS Workshop on Fibres and Optical Passive Components, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125703991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-06-22DOI: 10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462154
G. Spagnolo, C. Simonetti, L. Cozzella
A diffractive optical elements (DOEs), permits to change a wave front by means of diffraction. The proposed method has the advantage of not requiring complex computation and programming. In particular the designed process is made without computer iterative methods. The DOE, implemented by the proposed algorithm, consists of cells of equal size. Each cell is subdivided into appropriate parts. The average phase of these parts is related to the phase of the complex amplitude. The DOE phase can be easily computed according to simple formulas. In the paper designing phases and numerical simulation are reported. In particular the effect of the DOE structure quantization is considered.
{"title":"Designing of diffractive optical element for the generation of uniform arrays of beams","authors":"G. Spagnolo, C. Simonetti, L. Cozzella","doi":"10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462154","url":null,"abstract":"A diffractive optical elements (DOEs), permits to change a wave front by means of diffraction. The proposed method has the advantage of not requiring complex computation and programming. In particular the designed process is made without computer iterative methods. The DOE, implemented by the proposed algorithm, consists of cells of equal size. Each cell is subdivided into appropriate parts. The average phase of these parts is related to the phase of the complex amplitude. The DOE phase can be easily computed according to simple formulas. In the paper designing phases and numerical simulation are reported. In particular the effect of the DOE structure quantization is considered.","PeriodicalId":445290,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2005 IEEE/LEOS Workshop on Fibres and Optical Passive Components, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121251057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-06-22DOI: 10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462131
C. Caucheteur, S. Bette, F. Lhommé, K. Chah, M. Wuilpart, M. Blondel, P. Mégret
We present an efficient numerical method to evaluate the induced birefringence generated during the inscription process of an FBG. We use the experimental transmitted spectrum and the wavelength evolution of the corresponding first normalized Stokes parameter to obtain the value of the birefringence. Our reconstruction technique is based on the Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm.
{"title":"Numerical reconstruction of induced birefringence in uniform fiber Bragg gratings through polarization properties measurement","authors":"C. Caucheteur, S. Bette, F. Lhommé, K. Chah, M. Wuilpart, M. Blondel, P. Mégret","doi":"10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462131","url":null,"abstract":"We present an efficient numerical method to evaluate the induced birefringence generated during the inscription process of an FBG. We use the experimental transmitted spectrum and the wavelength evolution of the corresponding first normalized Stokes parameter to obtain the value of the birefringence. Our reconstruction technique is based on the Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm.","PeriodicalId":445290,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2005 IEEE/LEOS Workshop on Fibres and Optical Passive Components, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122768618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-06-22DOI: 10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462134
A. Melloni, R. Costa, G. Cusmai, F. Morichetti, M. Martinelli
The index contrast increase of integrated optical waveguides permits to move towards very large scale of integration of photonic integrated circuits, mainly because of the very small bending radius achievable. Furthermore, high index contrast waveguides allow to access new devices, such as ring resonators, more compact and with better spectral characteristics. These two invaluable advantages push to consider new technologies, new materials and new solutions to exploit the integrated optic world. Trying to see the index contrast as a free parameter in the design of a dielectric waveguide, we discuss the general properties and the main impairments of high index contrast waveguides. Not always an increase of the index contrast corresponds to an increase of the waveguide and circuit criticity.
{"title":"Waveguide index contrast: implications for passive integrated optical components","authors":"A. Melloni, R. Costa, G. Cusmai, F. Morichetti, M. Martinelli","doi":"10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462134","url":null,"abstract":"The index contrast increase of integrated optical waveguides permits to move towards very large scale of integration of photonic integrated circuits, mainly because of the very small bending radius achievable. Furthermore, high index contrast waveguides allow to access new devices, such as ring resonators, more compact and with better spectral characteristics. These two invaluable advantages push to consider new technologies, new materials and new solutions to exploit the integrated optic world. Trying to see the index contrast as a free parameter in the design of a dielectric waveguide, we discuss the general properties and the main impairments of high index contrast waveguides. Not always an increase of the index contrast corresponds to an increase of the waveguide and circuit criticity.","PeriodicalId":445290,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2005 IEEE/LEOS Workshop on Fibres and Optical Passive Components, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117102902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-06-22DOI: 10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462124
K. Morishita, D. Yamamoto
A novel method is proposed to provide wavelength-flattened coupling for fused fiber couplers. The coupling regions of fused fiber couplers are heated unequally by arc discharge, and then are cooled rapidly. The unequal heating generates the unbalance index changes in two identical fibers constituting the fused fiber couplers, and brings about the phase mismatch between the fibers. The phase mismatch results in the wavelength-flattened response.
{"title":"Fused fiber couplers wavelength-flattened by arc discharge","authors":"K. Morishita, D. Yamamoto","doi":"10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462124","url":null,"abstract":"A novel method is proposed to provide wavelength-flattened coupling for fused fiber couplers. The coupling regions of fused fiber couplers are heated unequally by arc discharge, and then are cooled rapidly. The unequal heating generates the unbalance index changes in two identical fibers constituting the fused fiber couplers, and brings about the phase mismatch between the fibers. The phase mismatch results in the wavelength-flattened response.","PeriodicalId":445290,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2005 IEEE/LEOS Workshop on Fibres and Optical Passive Components, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115254970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-06-22DOI: 10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462161
S. Takeuchi, Y. Kashiwai, Y. Hirata, Y. Yoshida, M. Nishigaki
A multi-level pore water pressure monitoring system using FBG sensors has been developed for measuring pore water pressure and temperature in small diameter boreholes. The system consists of packer units, temperature and pressure sensing units, and optical fiber cable connecting units. The system with two measurement sections was established as a prototype for the feasibility study. A preliminary test was carried out for about 11 months in a 500 m borehole. The test data obtained in early period were unstable and periods of data loss occurred. Several improvements were implemented and subsequent results showed that the developed system is feasible for using in small diameter boreholes.
{"title":"Feasibility study for a multi-level pore water pressure monitoring system using FBG sensors","authors":"S. Takeuchi, Y. Kashiwai, Y. Hirata, Y. Yoshida, M. Nishigaki","doi":"10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462161","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-level pore water pressure monitoring system using FBG sensors has been developed for measuring pore water pressure and temperature in small diameter boreholes. The system consists of packer units, temperature and pressure sensing units, and optical fiber cable connecting units. The system with two measurement sections was established as a prototype for the feasibility study. A preliminary test was carried out for about 11 months in a 500 m borehole. The test data obtained in early period were unstable and periods of data loss occurred. Several improvements were implemented and subsequent results showed that the developed system is feasible for using in small diameter boreholes.","PeriodicalId":445290,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2005 IEEE/LEOS Workshop on Fibres and Optical Passive Components, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124608167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-06-22DOI: 10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462146
F. Messina, M. Cannas, K. Médjahdi, A. Boukenter, Y. Ouerdane
We investigated the effect of continuous-wave (cw) UV laser radiation on single-mode Ge-doped H/sub 2/-loaded optical fibers. An innovative technique was developed to measure the optical absorption (OA) induced in the samples by irradiation, and to study its dependence from laser fluence. The combined use of the electron spin resonance (ESR) technique allowed the structural identification of several radiation-induced point defects, among which the Ge(1) (GeO/sub 4/) is found to be responsible of induced OA in the investigated spectral region.
{"title":"UV-photoinduced defects in Ge-doped optical fibers","authors":"F. Messina, M. Cannas, K. Médjahdi, A. Boukenter, Y. Ouerdane","doi":"10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462146","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the effect of continuous-wave (cw) UV laser radiation on single-mode Ge-doped H/sub 2/-loaded optical fibers. An innovative technique was developed to measure the optical absorption (OA) induced in the samples by irradiation, and to study its dependence from laser fluence. The combined use of the electron spin resonance (ESR) technique allowed the structural identification of several radiation-induced point defects, among which the Ge(1) (GeO/sub 4/) is found to be responsible of induced OA in the investigated spectral region.","PeriodicalId":445290,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2005 IEEE/LEOS Workshop on Fibres and Optical Passive Components, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114776700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-06-22DOI: 10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462137
R. Oliveri, A. Sciuto, S. Libertino, G. D'Arrigo, C. Arnone
We report the fabrication and characterization of a rib polymeric waveguide having a thick layer of oxidized porous silicon as an innovative solution for the lower cladding. The waveguide was fabricated using standard silicon substrates and Si-based technology. The multimodal guiding structure has a polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) core and the innovative lower cladding was obtained by thermal oxidation of a porous silicon layer. The waveguide does not have the upper cladding. Propagation loss measurements were performed at 1.48 /spl mu/m using the cut-back method. We obtained propagation loss of about 1.7 dB/cm, confirming the possibility to use the porous silicon oxide as the lower cladding layer, for low cost waveguide applications.
{"title":"Fabrication and characterization of polymeric optical waveguides using standard silicon processing technology","authors":"R. Oliveri, A. Sciuto, S. Libertino, G. D'Arrigo, C. Arnone","doi":"10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462137","url":null,"abstract":"We report the fabrication and characterization of a rib polymeric waveguide having a thick layer of oxidized porous silicon as an innovative solution for the lower cladding. The waveguide was fabricated using standard silicon substrates and Si-based technology. The multimodal guiding structure has a polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) core and the innovative lower cladding was obtained by thermal oxidation of a porous silicon layer. The waveguide does not have the upper cladding. Propagation loss measurements were performed at 1.48 /spl mu/m using the cut-back method. We obtained propagation loss of about 1.7 dB/cm, confirming the possibility to use the porous silicon oxide as the lower cladding layer, for low cost waveguide applications.","PeriodicalId":445290,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2005 IEEE/LEOS Workshop on Fibres and Optical Passive Components, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124195657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-06-22DOI: 10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462122
J.F. Maceda, J. P. von der Weid
A simulation tool for the calculation of the statistics and correlations of PMD-related variables is presented. Calculations are performed in time domain, allowing the simulation of the temporal evolution of differential group delay (DGD), principal states of polarization, (PSP) output polarization state (SOP) among others. Results are in good agreement with predictions from spectral calculations and experimental results. Correlations between neighboring channels in a 100 GHz spaced WDM transmission falls down rapidly for PMD values above 4 ps.
{"title":"Time domain PMD simulations in optical fibers and emulators","authors":"J.F. Maceda, J. P. von der Weid","doi":"10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462122","url":null,"abstract":"A simulation tool for the calculation of the statistics and correlations of PMD-related variables is presented. Calculations are performed in time domain, allowing the simulation of the temporal evolution of differential group delay (DGD), principal states of polarization, (PSP) output polarization state (SOP) among others. Results are in good agreement with predictions from spectral calculations and experimental results. Correlations between neighboring channels in a 100 GHz spaced WDM transmission falls down rapidly for PMD values above 4 ps.","PeriodicalId":445290,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2005 IEEE/LEOS Workshop on Fibres and Optical Passive Components, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129099931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-06-22DOI: 10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462116
M. I. Baig, T. Miyauchi, M. Imai
In this paper, a nondestructive measurement technique, which uses a four wavelength bidirectional optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to measure the chromatic dispersion distribution along an optical fiber transmission system, has been presented. A new formulation has been developed to enhance the correction factor, which leads to an improvement in the measurement results of a pre-existing method and the obtained experimental results are in good agreement with those obtained by the interferometric technique.
{"title":"Distributed measurement of chromatic dispersion along an optical fiber transmission system","authors":"M. I. Baig, T. Miyauchi, M. Imai","doi":"10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFOPC.2005.1462116","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a nondestructive measurement technique, which uses a four wavelength bidirectional optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to measure the chromatic dispersion distribution along an optical fiber transmission system, has been presented. A new formulation has been developed to enhance the correction factor, which leads to an improvement in the measurement results of a pre-existing method and the obtained experimental results are in good agreement with those obtained by the interferometric technique.","PeriodicalId":445290,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2005 IEEE/LEOS Workshop on Fibres and Optical Passive Components, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127541410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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