Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2014.6978498
Ma Zhiheng, Xu Zheng, L. Yujun
Low-voltage high-current electrolysis rectifier systems are widely used in large-scale electrolysis factories. It consists of several rectifier transformers in a parallel mode with proper phase shifts. The increased pulse numbers of the rectifier system can eliminate harmonics of certain orders. In this paper, an 84-pulse rectifier system applied in aluminum electrolysis factories is designed according to the classic theory. An improved polygonal method is used to analyze the harmonic contents of the 84-pulse rectifier transformer system. Using this method it is easy to illustrate the cancellation of non-characteristic harmonic current components under the ideal condition and the appearance of residual harmonics current components when the operating condition changes. A model of the 84-pulse rectifier system based on PSCAD/EMTDC is built to verify the theoretical analysis. Comparisons of harmonic current generated by an 84-pulse and a 12-pulse rectifier are conducted as well as the harmonic current under different situations.
{"title":"Harmonic analysis and simulation of multi-pulse rectifiers applied in electrolysis industry","authors":"Ma Zhiheng, Xu Zheng, L. Yujun","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2014.6978498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2014.6978498","url":null,"abstract":"Low-voltage high-current electrolysis rectifier systems are widely used in large-scale electrolysis factories. It consists of several rectifier transformers in a parallel mode with proper phase shifts. The increased pulse numbers of the rectifier system can eliminate harmonics of certain orders. In this paper, an 84-pulse rectifier system applied in aluminum electrolysis factories is designed according to the classic theory. An improved polygonal method is used to analyze the harmonic contents of the 84-pulse rectifier transformer system. Using this method it is easy to illustrate the cancellation of non-characteristic harmonic current components under the ideal condition and the appearance of residual harmonics current components when the operating condition changes. A model of the 84-pulse rectifier system based on PSCAD/EMTDC is built to verify the theoretical analysis. Comparisons of harmonic current generated by an 84-pulse and a 12-pulse rectifier are conducted as well as the harmonic current under different situations.","PeriodicalId":446068,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117258685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2014.6978338
K. Shimizu, Y. Mizuno, M. Blajan
In this study, μm-size plasma actuator, microplasma actuator was developed and investigated for active flow control. Microplasma actuator could be driven by relatively low voltage less than 2 kVpp due to the μm discharge gap. Such low voltage is easily controlled by semiconductor switches. Discharge diagnostics included measurements of discharge voltage, energy, and ozone generation. Emission spectra were also investigated to identify the microplasma characteristics. Air flow induced by the microplasma actuator was measured by the Particle Iimage Velocimetry (PIV) method. Incense smoke sub-micron diameter was used for tracer particles. Nd YVO4 532 nm laser was used for irradiation. By driving the microplasma actuator, air flow on the order of 0.1 m/s was generated and its direction was controlled by semiconductor switches.
{"title":"Characteristics of atmospheric non-thermal microplasma actuator","authors":"K. Shimizu, Y. Mizuno, M. Blajan","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2014.6978338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2014.6978338","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, μm-size plasma actuator, microplasma actuator was developed and investigated for active flow control. Microplasma actuator could be driven by relatively low voltage less than 2 kVpp due to the μm discharge gap. Such low voltage is easily controlled by semiconductor switches. Discharge diagnostics included measurements of discharge voltage, energy, and ozone generation. Emission spectra were also investigated to identify the microplasma characteristics. Air flow induced by the microplasma actuator was measured by the Particle Iimage Velocimetry (PIV) method. Incense smoke sub-micron diameter was used for tracer particles. Nd YVO4 532 nm laser was used for irradiation. By driving the microplasma actuator, air flow on the order of 0.1 m/s was generated and its direction was controlled by semiconductor switches.","PeriodicalId":446068,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting","volume":"100 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121052359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2014.6978340
T. Zeghloul, L. Dascalescu, Karim Rouagdia, A. Fatihou, Pascal Renoux, D. Souchet
The electric double layer is known to affect thin film lubrication. Other researchers have shown that tribocharging affects the breaking torque in a metal shaft - oil-lip seal system and that an external electric field may be employed to control this phenomenon. One main issue in all these studies is the characterization of the charging state of the bodies in contact. This is quite a difficult challenge when the contact occurs between two insulating materials. The aim of the present work was to validate an experimental procedure appropriate for ensuring the reproducibility of the tribocharging conditions in sliding contacts between polymeric materials. The experiments were performed with samples of polystyrene and poly-vinyl-chloride. Surface potential measurements were done in order to evaluate the tribocharging effects. The experiments pointed out that the amount of charge accumulated on the sliding bodies depends on the external force applied to the contact and the number of tribocharging cycles (i.e., two back-and-forth relative motions). However, this charge is non-uniformly distributed on the surface of the samples. This means that it will be difficult to use tribocharging effect for controlling the charging state and hence the lubrication of the contact between two insulating bodies.
{"title":"Tribocharging phenomena in sliding contacts between polymeric materials","authors":"T. Zeghloul, L. Dascalescu, Karim Rouagdia, A. Fatihou, Pascal Renoux, D. Souchet","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2014.6978340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2014.6978340","url":null,"abstract":"The electric double layer is known to affect thin film lubrication. Other researchers have shown that tribocharging affects the breaking torque in a metal shaft - oil-lip seal system and that an external electric field may be employed to control this phenomenon. One main issue in all these studies is the characterization of the charging state of the bodies in contact. This is quite a difficult challenge when the contact occurs between two insulating materials. The aim of the present work was to validate an experimental procedure appropriate for ensuring the reproducibility of the tribocharging conditions in sliding contacts between polymeric materials. The experiments were performed with samples of polystyrene and poly-vinyl-chloride. Surface potential measurements were done in order to evaluate the tribocharging effects. The experiments pointed out that the amount of charge accumulated on the sliding bodies depends on the external force applied to the contact and the number of tribocharging cycles (i.e., two back-and-forth relative motions). However, this charge is non-uniformly distributed on the surface of the samples. This means that it will be difficult to use tribocharging effect for controlling the charging state and hence the lubrication of the contact between two insulating bodies.","PeriodicalId":446068,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132073850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2014.6978349
W. Balachandran, R. Beleca, N. Manivannan, M. Abbod
Air pollutants generated by ships in both gaseous and particulate forms, have a long term effect on the quality of the environment and cause a significant exposure risk to people living in proximities of harbors or in neighboring coastal areas. It was recently estimated, that ships produce at least 15% of the world's NOx (more than all of the world's cars, buses and trucks combined), between 2.5-4% of greenhouse gases, 5% black carbon (BC), and between 3-7% of global SO2 output. Estimation of contribution of maritime shipping to global emissions of VOC and CO is not yet available. In order to reduce the environmental footprint of ships, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) recently issued the legislation of Marpol Annex VI guidelines which implies especially the introduction of, inter alia, stricter sulphur limits for marine fuel in ECAs under the revised MARPOL Annex VI, to 3.50% (from the current 4.50%), effective from 1 January 2012; then progressively to 0.50 %, effective from 1 January 2020, subject to a feasibility review to be completed no later than 2018. The limits applicable in Emission Control Zones (ECAs) for SOx and particulate matter were reduced to 1.00%, beginning on 1 July 2010 (from the original 1.50%); being further reduced to 0.10 %, effective from 1 January 2015. The Tier III controls apply only to the specified ships built from 2016 while operating in Emission Control Areas (ECA) established to limit NOx emissions, outside such areas the Tier II controls apply. The United States and Canada adopted national regulations enforcing IMO Tier III equivalent limits within the North American ECA effective 2016. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rule for Category III ships, however, references the international IMO standards. If the IMO emission standards are indeed delayed, the Tier III standards would be applicable from 2016 only for US flagged vessels. One of the proposed solutions towards marine diesel emission control is the non-thermal plasma process. We designed and built a non-thermal plasma reactor (NTPR) using a combination of Microwave (MW) and Electron Beam (EB) for treatment of marine diesel exhaust gas. A numerical model has been developed to better understand the marine exhaust gas/plasma kinetics. The reactor modelling and design can sustain 10kW of combined MW and EB power with a gas flow rate of 200l/s. The removal of NOx and SOx was continuously monitored using a portable dual Testo gas analyzer system while all other parameters (MW power, EB power, gas temperature/flow rate, etc.) were remotely recorded & stored through a Labview DAQ system. The reactor performance in NOx and SOx removal will be tested on a 200 kW two stroke marine engine. This study is a part of the DEECON (Innovative After-Treatment System for Marine Diesel Engine Emission Control) FP7 European project.
{"title":"Non-thermal plasma system for marine diesel engine emissions control","authors":"W. Balachandran, R. Beleca, N. Manivannan, M. Abbod","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2014.6978349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2014.6978349","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollutants generated by ships in both gaseous and particulate forms, have a long term effect on the quality of the environment and cause a significant exposure risk to people living in proximities of harbors or in neighboring coastal areas. It was recently estimated, that ships produce at least 15% of the world's NOx (more than all of the world's cars, buses and trucks combined), between 2.5-4% of greenhouse gases, 5% black carbon (BC), and between 3-7% of global SO2 output. Estimation of contribution of maritime shipping to global emissions of VOC and CO is not yet available. In order to reduce the environmental footprint of ships, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) recently issued the legislation of Marpol Annex VI guidelines which implies especially the introduction of, inter alia, stricter sulphur limits for marine fuel in ECAs under the revised MARPOL Annex VI, to 3.50% (from the current 4.50%), effective from 1 January 2012; then progressively to 0.50 %, effective from 1 January 2020, subject to a feasibility review to be completed no later than 2018. The limits applicable in Emission Control Zones (ECAs) for SOx and particulate matter were reduced to 1.00%, beginning on 1 July 2010 (from the original 1.50%); being further reduced to 0.10 %, effective from 1 January 2015. The Tier III controls apply only to the specified ships built from 2016 while operating in Emission Control Areas (ECA) established to limit NOx emissions, outside such areas the Tier II controls apply. The United States and Canada adopted national regulations enforcing IMO Tier III equivalent limits within the North American ECA effective 2016. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rule for Category III ships, however, references the international IMO standards. If the IMO emission standards are indeed delayed, the Tier III standards would be applicable from 2016 only for US flagged vessels. One of the proposed solutions towards marine diesel emission control is the non-thermal plasma process. We designed and built a non-thermal plasma reactor (NTPR) using a combination of Microwave (MW) and Electron Beam (EB) for treatment of marine diesel exhaust gas. A numerical model has been developed to better understand the marine exhaust gas/plasma kinetics. The reactor modelling and design can sustain 10kW of combined MW and EB power with a gas flow rate of 200l/s. The removal of NOx and SOx was continuously monitored using a portable dual Testo gas analyzer system while all other parameters (MW power, EB power, gas temperature/flow rate, etc.) were remotely recorded & stored through a Labview DAQ system. The reactor performance in NOx and SOx removal will be tested on a 200 kW two stroke marine engine. This study is a part of the DEECON (Innovative After-Treatment System for Marine Diesel Engine Emission Control) FP7 European project.","PeriodicalId":446068,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting","volume":"515 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123080741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2014.6978391
M. Askaria, Mahmoud Moghavvemi, H. Almurib, K. Muttaqi
This paper addresses the design and implementation of a robust multivariable model predictive control (MPC) on a quadruple tanks system. Mismatch between the MPC's model and the process may cause constraint violation, non-optimized performance and even instability. It is the objective of this paper to offset-free control the process in the presence of constraints and model mismatch. It is shown how this model mismatch is compensated by augmented state disturbances, and also how the steady state error is eliminated. In this method, an observer is designed to estimate the disturbances and states. The results show how the proposed control method increases the robustness of the model predictive controller in simulation and in real time implementation.
{"title":"An offset-free multivariable model predictive control for quadruple tanks system","authors":"M. Askaria, Mahmoud Moghavvemi, H. Almurib, K. Muttaqi","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2014.6978391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2014.6978391","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the design and implementation of a robust multivariable model predictive control (MPC) on a quadruple tanks system. Mismatch between the MPC's model and the process may cause constraint violation, non-optimized performance and even instability. It is the objective of this paper to offset-free control the process in the presence of constraints and model mismatch. It is shown how this model mismatch is compensated by augmented state disturbances, and also how the steady state error is eliminated. In this method, an observer is designed to estimate the disturbances and states. The results show how the proposed control method increases the robustness of the model predictive controller in simulation and in real time implementation.","PeriodicalId":446068,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128535551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2014.6978398
A. Nakajima, K. Sakaki, K. Matsuse, H. Kubota, K. Rajashekara
This paper presents the basic characteristics of parallel-connected dual same rating induction motor drives with the Matrix Converter. The purposes of this system are achieving low cost and saving space for industrial applications. We indicate a strategy for stable control by applying an average value control in a vector control.
{"title":"Vector controlled two induction motor drives fed by matrix converter","authors":"A. Nakajima, K. Sakaki, K. Matsuse, H. Kubota, K. Rajashekara","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2014.6978398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2014.6978398","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the basic characteristics of parallel-connected dual same rating induction motor drives with the Matrix Converter. The purposes of this system are achieving low cost and saving space for industrial applications. We indicate a strategy for stable control by applying an average value control in a vector control.","PeriodicalId":446068,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126124855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2014.6978490
Y. Liao, Li-Ching Yang
In this paper, a novel single-stage ac/dc converter for micro-scale wind power generation system is proposed. The power factor correction of input line currents for wind power is achieved so as to reduce the harmonic currents and decrease the noise of three-phase wind turbine. The proposed converter has both zero-voltage switching in the primary-side switches and zero-current switching in the secondary-side diodes. Compared with a traditional two-stage converter, high efficiency and high step-up voltage ratio are also accomplished in the proposed single-stage three-phase converter. In addition, the control signals are easily generated by the simple pulse width modulation (PWM) without using sinusoidal PWM. Therefore, the system cost also can be reduced. Finally, a prototype system is constructed by utilizing the controller DSP 28335. The simulation and experimental results verified the validity of the proposed converter.
{"title":"A novel high-power-factor single-stage converter for micro-scale wind power generation system","authors":"Y. Liao, Li-Ching Yang","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2014.6978490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2014.6978490","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel single-stage ac/dc converter for micro-scale wind power generation system is proposed. The power factor correction of input line currents for wind power is achieved so as to reduce the harmonic currents and decrease the noise of three-phase wind turbine. The proposed converter has both zero-voltage switching in the primary-side switches and zero-current switching in the secondary-side diodes. Compared with a traditional two-stage converter, high efficiency and high step-up voltage ratio are also accomplished in the proposed single-stage three-phase converter. In addition, the control signals are easily generated by the simple pulse width modulation (PWM) without using sinusoidal PWM. Therefore, the system cost also can be reduced. Finally, a prototype system is constructed by utilizing the controller DSP 28335. The simulation and experimental results verified the validity of the proposed converter.","PeriodicalId":446068,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting","volume":"422 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133702511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2014.6978410
I. Rasoanarivo, M. Urbain, F. Sargos, B. Nahid-Mobarakeh
For reasons of weight, volume and life duration of the battery and standard EMC compliance, transportation embedded systems must present high energy efficiency and comply with international standards of Differential Mode (DM) and of Common Mode (CM). The present paper deals with a boost converter designed to this purpose. Its particularities are to present low switching frequency, high dv/dt, associated with specific passive filters including inductors manufactured with planar thin sheets of copper having low values of inductance and very small resistances. Theoretical analyses and numerical simulations on SABER simulator are carried out to underline the high improvement of DM behavior, and how it can be taken advantage from the inductor parasitic elements to reduce CM perturbations as well. Experimentations tests confirm these benefits and validate the conception considerations.
{"title":"Improving EMC behavior and energy efficiency of BOOST converter with power switches having low switching frequency and high dv/dt","authors":"I. Rasoanarivo, M. Urbain, F. Sargos, B. Nahid-Mobarakeh","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2014.6978410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2014.6978410","url":null,"abstract":"For reasons of weight, volume and life duration of the battery and standard EMC compliance, transportation embedded systems must present high energy efficiency and comply with international standards of Differential Mode (DM) and of Common Mode (CM). The present paper deals with a boost converter designed to this purpose. Its particularities are to present low switching frequency, high dv/dt, associated with specific passive filters including inductors manufactured with planar thin sheets of copper having low values of inductance and very small resistances. Theoretical analyses and numerical simulations on SABER simulator are carried out to underline the high improvement of DM behavior, and how it can be taken advantage from the inductor parasitic elements to reduce CM perturbations as well. Experimentations tests confirm these benefits and validate the conception considerations.","PeriodicalId":446068,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132790191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2014.6978355
S. Baudon, P. Notingher, S. Agnel, S. Holé
Stimuli space charge measurement methods can complement the microelectronic techniques in terms of sensitivity, charge localization and possibility to follow the electrical state of semi-conducting structures and components. In this paper, experimental set-ups based on thermal stimuli are used to obtain information about the electric charge distribution across metal-oxide-semiconductor structures of several hundreds of nanometers. Results obtained with thermal pulses and thermal steps are presented, studied and cross-correlated. They are confronted with analytical and numerical thermal and electrostatic simulations in order to assess and put into focus the possibilities of obtaining information about the charge distribution, particularly across the semiconductor and at the interface areas.
{"title":"Advances in electric charge measurements in semi-conducting structures by non-destructive thermal methods","authors":"S. Baudon, P. Notingher, S. Agnel, S. Holé","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2014.6978355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2014.6978355","url":null,"abstract":"Stimuli space charge measurement methods can complement the microelectronic techniques in terms of sensitivity, charge localization and possibility to follow the electrical state of semi-conducting structures and components. In this paper, experimental set-ups based on thermal stimuli are used to obtain information about the electric charge distribution across metal-oxide-semiconductor structures of several hundreds of nanometers. Results obtained with thermal pulses and thermal steps are presented, studied and cross-correlated. They are confronted with analytical and numerical thermal and electrostatic simulations in order to assess and put into focus the possibilities of obtaining information about the charge distribution, particularly across the semiconductor and at the interface areas.","PeriodicalId":446068,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115488101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-08DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2014.6978427
Rikardo Simanjuntak, P. Dupuis, L. Canale, N. Sinisuka, G. Zissis
PLN, State-owned Electricity Company in Indonesia has been promoting energy saving lamps (ESLs) through demand-side management (DSM) program since 2005. As a result, those lamps are widely used in Indonesia. To avoid outages on the customers, a brownout strategy (voltage reduction) is sometimes used. The lamps are in this case operated at a lower voltage than their rating. The paper aims to investigate the effect on power quality of those voltage variations through a laboratory test. Value of harmonics, power factor and waveform of ESLs were analyzed. The test relates to 16 sample lamps commonly used in residential and commercial area, divided in 11 LED lamps and 5 CFLs covering different manufacturers and different power ratings. The experiment uses power meter to obtain the electrical characteristics. The supply voltage applied during testing was generated by an ideal power source without voltage harmonics to avoid effects linked to device non-linear behavior. The test results show that 4 types of LEDs and 2 types of CFLs can be identified based upon the input current waveform. However, their responses under voltage amplitude variation differ. This paper focuses on this specific electrical property, which is not readily documented. It was observed that only a few ESLs have low level of harmonic currents and high power factor, in concordance with low sensitivity to amplitude variations. Moreover, the experimental results are compared with the standard harmonic limit allowable for lighting load as per IEC 61000-3-2.
{"title":"Power quality of energy saving lamps under wide voltage variations","authors":"Rikardo Simanjuntak, P. Dupuis, L. Canale, N. Sinisuka, G. Zissis","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2014.6978427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2014.6978427","url":null,"abstract":"PLN, State-owned Electricity Company in Indonesia has been promoting energy saving lamps (ESLs) through demand-side management (DSM) program since 2005. As a result, those lamps are widely used in Indonesia. To avoid outages on the customers, a brownout strategy (voltage reduction) is sometimes used. The lamps are in this case operated at a lower voltage than their rating. The paper aims to investigate the effect on power quality of those voltage variations through a laboratory test. Value of harmonics, power factor and waveform of ESLs were analyzed. The test relates to 16 sample lamps commonly used in residential and commercial area, divided in 11 LED lamps and 5 CFLs covering different manufacturers and different power ratings. The experiment uses power meter to obtain the electrical characteristics. The supply voltage applied during testing was generated by an ideal power source without voltage harmonics to avoid effects linked to device non-linear behavior. The test results show that 4 types of LEDs and 2 types of CFLs can be identified based upon the input current waveform. However, their responses under voltage amplitude variation differ. This paper focuses on this specific electrical property, which is not readily documented. It was observed that only a few ESLs have low level of harmonic currents and high power factor, in concordance with low sensitivity to amplitude variations. Moreover, the experimental results are compared with the standard harmonic limit allowable for lighting load as per IEC 61000-3-2.","PeriodicalId":446068,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123547660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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