{"title":"Zishan Ghaffar, Der Koran in seinem religions- und weltgeschichtlichen Kontext. Eschatologie und Apokalyptik in den mittelmekkanischen Suren, Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh, 2020 (Beiträge zur Koranforschung 1), 270 pp., ISBN 978-3-506-70432-0 (hardback), 978-3-506-70432-3 (e-book)","authors":"Sebastian Bitsch","doi":"10.1515/islam-2021-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2021-0039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"98 1","pages":"591 - 598"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43908511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In studies of early Qurʾānic manuscripts, determining the provenance of these manuscripts is a thorny issue because in most cases they lack endowment notes or colophons. The reports in early Islamic sources regarding textual variants of regional codices (maṣāḥif al-amṣār) may contribute to find a solution to this problem. A list of regional variants, mostly based on al-Dānī’s al-Muqniʿ, can be found in Nöldeke et al.’s The History of the Quran. However, as the authors have stated, a comparison of some of the early Qurʾānic manuscripts in the Topkapı Sarayı Museum with this table of maṣāḥif al-amṣār variants indicates that the traditional reports are unreliable for identifying the provenance of Qurʾānic manuscripts because none of these codices can be attributed to any particular region. The present article is an attempt to demonstrate that this problem results from relying solely on the data provided by al-Dānī and ignoring earlier and more significant sources, such as al-Sijistānī’s Kitāb al-Maṣāḥif. It attempts to provide a new and more precise classification of regional variants by reading afresh the reports on the features of maṣāḥif al-amṣār, taking into account the sources which were not used by Nöldeke et al., especially al-Sijistānī’s Kitāb al-Maṣāḥif, thus making the list of maṣāḥif al-amṣār variants more accurate, thereby the variants of each of these early Qurʾānic Codices tally more with the reports preserved for the characteristics of one of the maṣāḥif al-amṣār in literary sources. As the texts of the surviving manuscripts are not of a diverse nature we are able, with some certainty, to draw conclusions that substantiate the reports as to the peculiarities of the muṣḥafs of different cities.
{"title":"Whence Come Qurʾān Manuscripts? Determining the Regional Provenance of Early Qurʾānic Codices","authors":"Ala Vahidnia","doi":"10.1515/islam-2021-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2021-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In studies of early Qurʾānic manuscripts, determining the provenance of these manuscripts is a thorny issue because in most cases they lack endowment notes or colophons. The reports in early Islamic sources regarding textual variants of regional codices (maṣāḥif al-amṣār) may contribute to find a solution to this problem. A list of regional variants, mostly based on al-Dānī’s al-Muqniʿ, can be found in Nöldeke et al.’s The History of the Quran. However, as the authors have stated, a comparison of some of the early Qurʾānic manuscripts in the Topkapı Sarayı Museum with this table of maṣāḥif al-amṣār variants indicates that the traditional reports are unreliable for identifying the provenance of Qurʾānic manuscripts because none of these codices can be attributed to any particular region. The present article is an attempt to demonstrate that this problem results from relying solely on the data provided by al-Dānī and ignoring earlier and more significant sources, such as al-Sijistānī’s Kitāb al-Maṣāḥif. It attempts to provide a new and more precise classification of regional variants by reading afresh the reports on the features of maṣāḥif al-amṣār, taking into account the sources which were not used by Nöldeke et al., especially al-Sijistānī’s Kitāb al-Maṣāḥif, thus making the list of maṣāḥif al-amṣār variants more accurate, thereby the variants of each of these early Qurʾānic Codices tally more with the reports preserved for the characteristics of one of the maṣāḥif al-amṣār in literary sources. As the texts of the surviving manuscripts are not of a diverse nature we are able, with some certainty, to draw conclusions that substantiate the reports as to the peculiarities of the muṣḥafs of different cities.","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"98 1","pages":"359 - 393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48643468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hans-Ulrich Kühn, Sultan Baibars und seine Söhne: Frühmamlūkische Herrschaftssicherung in ayyūbidischer Tradition, Bonn: V&R unipress/Bonn University Press 2019 (Mamluk Studies Vol. 18), 661 pp., including appendices (with 17 full colour photographs) and index, ISBN: 978-3-8471-0812-2.","authors":"Gowaart Van Den Bossche","doi":"10.1515/islam-2021-0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2021-0045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"98 1","pages":"621 - 626"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48934031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Marcus Milwright, The Arts and Crafts of Syria and Egypt from the Ayyubids to World War I: Collected Essays, Piscataway: Gorgias Press, 2018, 379 pp., hardback, index, ISBN 978-1-4632-3900-8.","authors":"E. Kenney","doi":"10.1515/islam-2021-0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2021-0048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"98 1","pages":"630 - 633"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41325156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Recent research has shown that book collecting by private individuals and institutions was a widespread phenomenon in Bilād al-Shām. At least from the Ayyubid period onwards, countless volumes were produced, changed hands in the book market, and lay around in libraries. To this day, Damascus occupies a central position in our knowledge about libraries and book culture in general, while other cities and regions lag behind. In this article, the inventory of an Aleppine book collector is used to take a glimpse at the book culture of Aleppo in the first decades of the seventeenth century. Although most probably not reflecting the sum total of his library, the inventory still allows to ascertain the specific taste of its compiler, an otherwise unknown Aleppine bibliophile. The inventory also provides evidence for the early distribution of Arabic print and pushes the door open for investigating the role of local agents in the early days of attempts by Orientalists to acquire Arabic manuscripts for European libraries.
{"title":"Bibliophilia in Ottoman Aleppo: Muḥammad al-Taqawī and his Medical Library","authors":"Benedikt Reier","doi":"10.1515/islam-2021-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2021-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recent research has shown that book collecting by private individuals and institutions was a widespread phenomenon in Bilād al-Shām. At least from the Ayyubid period onwards, countless volumes were produced, changed hands in the book market, and lay around in libraries. To this day, Damascus occupies a central position in our knowledge about libraries and book culture in general, while other cities and regions lag behind. In this article, the inventory of an Aleppine book collector is used to take a glimpse at the book culture of Aleppo in the first decades of the seventeenth century. Although most probably not reflecting the sum total of his library, the inventory still allows to ascertain the specific taste of its compiler, an otherwise unknown Aleppine bibliophile. The inventory also provides evidence for the early distribution of Arabic print and pushes the door open for investigating the role of local agents in the early days of attempts by Orientalists to acquire Arabic manuscripts for European libraries.","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"98 1","pages":"473 - 515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48480677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In der modernen Koranforschung wurde wiederholt auf die Bedeutung des Erbes der syrischen Sprache und des syrischen Christentums für ein tieferes Verständnis des Korans verwiesen. Die vorliegende Studie versucht zu zeigen, wie sich das Verhältnis der koranischen Verkündigung zu diesem Erbe auf intertextueller Ebene systematisieren lässt. Dazu wird die hier besprochene Form der koranischen Intertextualität als kontrafaktisch beschrieben. Anhand der Ankündigungs- und Geburtsgeschichten von Jesus und Johannes dem Täufer im Koran wird diese Form der kontrafaktischen Intertextualität im Koran exemplifiziert. Dabei wird aufgezeigt, dass die koranische Theologie ganz bestimmte christologische und soteriologische Konzepte aus der Tradition des syrischen Christentums adressiert.
{"title":"Kontrafaktische Intertextualität im Koran und die exegetische Tradition des syrischen Christentums","authors":"Z. Ghaffar","doi":"10.1515/islam-2021-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2021-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In der modernen Koranforschung wurde wiederholt auf die Bedeutung des Erbes der syrischen Sprache und des syrischen Christentums für ein tieferes Verständnis des Korans verwiesen. Die vorliegende Studie versucht zu zeigen, wie sich das Verhältnis der koranischen Verkündigung zu diesem Erbe auf intertextueller Ebene systematisieren lässt. Dazu wird die hier besprochene Form der koranischen Intertextualität als kontrafaktisch beschrieben. Anhand der Ankündigungs- und Geburtsgeschichten von Jesus und Johannes dem Täufer im Koran wird diese Form der kontrafaktischen Intertextualität im Koran exemplifiziert. Dabei wird aufgezeigt, dass die koranische Theologie ganz bestimmte christologische und soteriologische Konzepte aus der Tradition des syrischen Christentums adressiert.","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"98 1","pages":"313 - 358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43438663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sara Verskin, Barren Women: Religion and Medicine in the Medieval Middle East, Berlin and Boston: de Gruyter, 2020, (“Islam—Thought, Culture, and Society” Series, Volume 2), XIV+309 pp., ISBN 978-3-11-059567-3.","authors":"A. Giladi","doi":"10.1515/islam-2021-0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2021-0052","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"98 1","pages":"641 - 644"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43669647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Omar Farahat, The Foundation of Norms in Islamic Jurisprudence and Theology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2019, 247 S., ISBN 9781108701471.","authors":"Mouez Khalfaoui","doi":"10.1515/islam-2021-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2021-0036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"98 1","pages":"579 - 584"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49164574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Georg Leube, Kinda in der frühislamischen Geschichte. Eine prosopographische Studie auf Basis der frühen und klassischen arabisch-islamischen Geschichtsschreibung, Baden-Baden: Ergon Verlag, 2017, (MISK: Mitteilungen zur Sozial- und Kulturgeschichte der islamischen Welt), 244 pp. ISBN 978-3-95650-29","authors":"Michael Lecker","doi":"10.1515/islam-2021-0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2021-0047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"98 1","pages":"628 - 630"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47108649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Relying on textual, ethnographic, and environmental scholarship on Yemen and the comparative insights of research into fisheries in the premodern Mediterranean world, the present study surveys the types of marine resources that appear across a wide range of literary and documentary sources pertaining to Yemen during the reign of the Rasūlids from the early 7th/13th to the mid-9th/15th century. Although Rasūlid-generated texts pay relatively scant attention to fishing, they clearly demonstrate the interest of the Rasūlid state in both the subsistence and commercial economy that fishermen procured. Moreover, when combined with the testimony of travelers and chroniclers and of iconography on a series of Rasūlid coins from the port city of Aden, these sources shed light on the inclusion of fish in Yemeni non-elite and elite diets, the place and roles of fisherfolk in Yemeni society, the maritime symbolism current in Rasūlid times, and ultimately the relationship between shores and inland centers of Rasūlid power. In aggregate this material suggests that the Rasūlid state maintained a symbiotic political and cultural relationship with fishing communities, which had direct access to and the primary role in harvesting and processing the resources in question, yet remain in the shadows of recorded history.
{"title":"The Rasūlids and the Bountiful Sea: Marine Resources, State Control, and Maritime Culture in the Southern Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden (626/1229‒854/1454)","authors":"Roxani Eleni Margariti","doi":"10.1515/islam-2021-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2021-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Relying on textual, ethnographic, and environmental scholarship on Yemen and the comparative insights of research into fisheries in the premodern Mediterranean world, the present study surveys the types of marine resources that appear across a wide range of literary and documentary sources pertaining to Yemen during the reign of the Rasūlids from the early 7th/13th to the mid-9th/15th century. Although Rasūlid-generated texts pay relatively scant attention to fishing, they clearly demonstrate the interest of the Rasūlid state in both the subsistence and commercial economy that fishermen procured. Moreover, when combined with the testimony of travelers and chroniclers and of iconography on a series of Rasūlid coins from the port city of Aden, these sources shed light on the inclusion of fish in Yemeni non-elite and elite diets, the place and roles of fisherfolk in Yemeni society, the maritime symbolism current in Rasūlid times, and ultimately the relationship between shores and inland centers of Rasūlid power. In aggregate this material suggests that the Rasūlid state maintained a symbiotic political and cultural relationship with fishing communities, which had direct access to and the primary role in harvesting and processing the resources in question, yet remain in the shadows of recorded history.","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"98 1","pages":"69 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/islam-2021-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44868100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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