{"title":"Shahab Ahmed, Before Orthodoxy: The Satanic Verses in Early Islam, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2017, 336 pp., ISBN 9780674047426.","authors":"D. Stewart","doi":"10.1515/islam-2023-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2023-0011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"100 1","pages":"307 - 315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46626141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial: Der Islam at its 100th issue","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/islam-2023-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2023-0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48299627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Peter Adamson, ed., Philosophy and Jurisprudence in the Islamic World. Philosophy in the Islamic World in Context 1. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2019, xi+316 pp., ISBN 978-3110551976.","authors":"Elias G. Saba","doi":"10.1515/islam-2023-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2023-0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"100 1","pages":"302 - 307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43435532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article consists of a detailed study of the decoration and inscriptions on three stylistically related carved stucco miḥrābs in ʿIrāq-i ʿAjam. The ones in Urmia and Marand are dated to the Īlkhānī period and bear the names of craftsmen with a connection to Tabrīz. The fragmentary remains of the third, undated, miḥrāb in Tabrīz are then studied, followed by the upper stucco inscription band in the masjid-i jāmiʿ in Urmia. The final section highlights the connections between the material in Iran and related stucco in Mamlūk Cairo. The main aim of this article is to provide as full an account as possible of the decoration and inscriptions of these examples of Īlkhānī stucco, and also to demonstrate the existence of a distinctive regional school of stucco carving centered in Tabrīz. Several newly translated inscriptions are published here for the first time, and the analysis is based on a combination of archival material and new photographs and drawings of the subject structures.
{"title":"A Tabrīzī School of Īlkhānī Stucco Carving? A Comparative Analysis of Īlkhānī Miḥrābs in Urmia, Marand, and Tabrīz","authors":"R. McClary, Leila Danesh","doi":"10.1515/islam-2023-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2023-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article consists of a detailed study of the decoration and inscriptions on three stylistically related carved stucco miḥrābs in ʿIrāq-i ʿAjam. The ones in Urmia and Marand are dated to the Īlkhānī period and bear the names of craftsmen with a connection to Tabrīz. The fragmentary remains of the third, undated, miḥrāb in Tabrīz are then studied, followed by the upper stucco inscription band in the masjid-i jāmiʿ in Urmia. The final section highlights the connections between the material in Iran and related stucco in Mamlūk Cairo. The main aim of this article is to provide as full an account as possible of the decoration and inscriptions of these examples of Īlkhānī stucco, and also to demonstrate the existence of a distinctive regional school of stucco carving centered in Tabrīz. Several newly translated inscriptions are published here for the first time, and the analysis is based on a combination of archival material and new photographs and drawings of the subject structures.","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"100 1","pages":"164 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43440577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Christel Kessler (1922–2022)","authors":"Michael Braune","doi":"10.1515/islam-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"100 1","pages":"5 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44787978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Giovanna Calasso und Giuliano Lancioni (Hrsgg.), Dār al-islām / dār al-ḥarb. Territories, People, Identities, Leiden/Boston: Brill 2017 (Studies in Islamic Law and Society 40), IX, 450 Seiten, ISBN 978-90-04-32868-6.","authors":"T. Seidensticker","doi":"10.1515/islam-2023-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"100 1","pages":"318 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43119253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Syrinx von Hees and Nefeli Papoutsakis (eds.), The Sultan’s Anthologist – Ibn Abī Ḥajālah and His Work, (Arabische Literatur und Rhetorik – Elfhundert bis Achtzehnhundert (ALEA), 436 pp., Baden-Baden: Ergon Verlag 2018, ISBN-13: 978-3956502828.","authors":"Mohammad Gharaibeh","doi":"10.1515/islam-2023-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2023-0017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"100 1","pages":"331 - 333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48768194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The present study explores the centrality of ʿAlidism in the religious profile of a Sufi community active in the early sixteenth century in Mawarannahr, which was at the center of the ongoing major religio-political transformations in the aftermath of the decline of the Timurid dynasty. This community was led by a female Sufi master celebrated as Aghā-yi Buzurg (the Great Lady). The misfortunes faced by Aghā-yi Buzurg and her followers during this critical transitional period was related to her group’s upholding the Timurid-era tradition of ʿAlid devotion under the early Shibanid rule. The public proclamation of pro-ʿAlid sentiments in post-Timurid Central Asia became dangerous in the early sixteenth century when the veneration of ʿAlī and his descendants started being associated with sympathies toward the Shiʿi Safavids. It is remarkable that Aghā-yi Buzurg’s public career as a leader of the Sufi community consisting of male and female disciples was not the main factor provoking the attacks against her community, but instead, it was their admiration of ʿAlī and his descendants.
{"title":"The Crisis of Religious Identity in Sixteenth Century Central Asia: The Centrality of ʿAlidism in the Maẓhar al-ʿAjāʾib","authors":"A. Shanazarova","doi":"10.1515/islam-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study explores the centrality of ʿAlidism in the religious profile of a Sufi community active in the early sixteenth century in Mawarannahr, which was at the center of the ongoing major religio-political transformations in the aftermath of the decline of the Timurid dynasty. This community was led by a female Sufi master celebrated as Aghā-yi Buzurg (the Great Lady). The misfortunes faced by Aghā-yi Buzurg and her followers during this critical transitional period was related to her group’s upholding the Timurid-era tradition of ʿAlid devotion under the early Shibanid rule. The public proclamation of pro-ʿAlid sentiments in post-Timurid Central Asia became dangerous in the early sixteenth century when the veneration of ʿAlī and his descendants started being associated with sympathies toward the Shiʿi Safavids. It is remarkable that Aghā-yi Buzurg’s public career as a leader of the Sufi community consisting of male and female disciples was not the main factor provoking the attacks against her community, but instead, it was their admiration of ʿAlī and his descendants.","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"100 1","pages":"213 - 251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44360554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the 1720s, the Ottoman grand vizier Dāmād İbrāhīm Pasha ordered a translation of the Persian world history Ḥabīb al-Siyar into Turkish. The chronicle deals with the history of the Islamic world until the 1520s and was penned 200 years earlier by the historian Khvāndamīr in Iran for the ruling dynasty of the Safavids. As its author composed it for the archenemies of the Ottomans and gave it a Shiʿi outlook, the committee of eight translators assigned by the grand vizier faced the challenge of translating explicitly anti-Ottoman and pro-Shiʿi sections within the text. By contextualizing the Turkish version of the Ḥabīb al-Siyar, the article sheds light on the question of how texts were translated during the so-called Tulip Age. Specifically, it analyzes the approach taken by the translators concerning historical events of utmost importance to the Ottomans, such as Sultan Bāyezīd I’s defeat by Timur at Ankara in 804/1402 and Sultan Selīm’s victory over Shah Ismāʿīl at Chāldirān in 920/1514. Another point of interest is the depiction of the Sayyid lineage of the Safavids as given in both texts, which was a controversial issue between the two dynasties for centuries.
18世纪20年代，奥斯曼帝国大维齐尔Dāmād İbrāhīm帕夏下令将波斯语世界史Ḥabīb al-Siyar翻译成土耳其语。这部编年史记载了伊斯兰世界直到1520年代的历史，是伊朗历史学家Khvāndamīr在200年前为统治萨法维王朝撰写的。由于它的作者是为奥斯曼帝国的死敌而写的，并赋予了它什叶派的观点，由大维齐尔指派的八名翻译委员会面临着在文本中明确翻译反奥斯曼和亲什叶派部分的挑战。通过将土耳其版本的Ḥabīb al-Siyar置于背景中，文章阐明了在所谓的郁金香时代文本是如何翻译的问题。具体来说，它分析了译者对奥斯曼人至关重要的历史事件所采取的方法，例如苏丹Bāyezīd一世在804/1402年在安卡拉被帖木尔击败，以及苏丹sellk m在920/1514年Chāldirān战胜沙阿ismmu ā al āl。另一个有趣的地方是，这两个文本都描述了萨法维人的赛义德血统，这是两个王朝之间几个世纪以来的一个有争议的问题。
{"title":"„Weglassen, wovor man sich eher hüten sollte“: Zu inhaltlichen Veränderungen in der offiziellen Übersetzung einer safavidischen Weltchronik ins Türkische im Istanbul der „Tulpenzeit“","authors":"Philip Bockholt","doi":"10.1515/islam-2023-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2023-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the 1720s, the Ottoman grand vizier Dāmād İbrāhīm Pasha ordered a translation of the Persian world history Ḥabīb al-Siyar into Turkish. The chronicle deals with the history of the Islamic world until the 1520s and was penned 200 years earlier by the historian Khvāndamīr in Iran for the ruling dynasty of the Safavids. As its author composed it for the archenemies of the Ottomans and gave it a Shiʿi outlook, the committee of eight translators assigned by the grand vizier faced the challenge of translating explicitly anti-Ottoman and pro-Shiʿi sections within the text. By contextualizing the Turkish version of the Ḥabīb al-Siyar, the article sheds light on the question of how texts were translated during the so-called Tulip Age. Specifically, it analyzes the approach taken by the translators concerning historical events of utmost importance to the Ottomans, such as Sultan Bāyezīd I’s defeat by Timur at Ankara in 804/1402 and Sultan Selīm’s victory over Shah Ismāʿīl at Chāldirān in 920/1514. Another point of interest is the depiction of the Sayyid lineage of the Safavids as given in both texts, which was a controversial issue between the two dynasties for centuries.","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"100 1","pages":"252 - 301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47832868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract There are strong parallels between the popular description of Muḥammad’s first revelation in the Sīra of Ibn Isḥāq and a depiction of a seventh-century Northumbrian monk Cædmon in the Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum by Bede Venerabilis. There has been some debate about whether these parallels are more or less coincidental, but very good arguments for a relation between the two texts have been put forward. This article adds to this line of research by providing a concrete model of how a Middle Eastern Vorlage might have traveled to Bede Venerabilis. It is argued that the archbishop of Canterbury, Theodore of Tarsus (d. 690), played a key role in this transfer. His biography puts into focus the transposition of Greek-Palestinian and -Egyptian monk congregations including relics and texts to Italy and especially Rome during the seventh century. The relevance of the surviving texts from the school of Canterbury for the study of seventh-century Middle Eastern history is then further illustrated with a version of the so-called legend of the Seven Sleepers of Ephesos recorded in Theodore’s biblical exegesis. Theodore’s specific version of that legend overlaps significantly with the version contained in the Qurʾān in Sura 18 (al-Kahf, “The cave”). It has always been clear that Sūrat al-Kahf refers to the Christian Seven Sleepers legend. However, since all other hitherto known versions of the story differed significantly from the Qurʾān version, the connection between the versions was usually imagined within a model of “oral transmission.” The version recorded from Theodore’s seventh century teaching sessions now allow us to draw a more nuanced picture in which this specific version of the legend can be situated in seventh-century Palestine. Possibly it was linked to the veneration of Lot in that region, drawing a parallel between Lot’s wife, who had supposedly been transformed into a pillar of salt, but was apparently thought to not have died, and the unnaturally long sleep of the Seven Sleepers over centuries.
{"title":"Muḥammad und Cædmon und die Siebenschläferlegende. Zur Verbindung zwischen Palästina und Canterbury im 7. Jahrhundert","authors":"Thomas Eich","doi":"10.1515/islam-2023-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2023-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There are strong parallels between the popular description of Muḥammad’s first revelation in the Sīra of Ibn Isḥāq and a depiction of a seventh-century Northumbrian monk Cædmon in the Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum by Bede Venerabilis. There has been some debate about whether these parallels are more or less coincidental, but very good arguments for a relation between the two texts have been put forward. This article adds to this line of research by providing a concrete model of how a Middle Eastern Vorlage might have traveled to Bede Venerabilis. It is argued that the archbishop of Canterbury, Theodore of Tarsus (d. 690), played a key role in this transfer. His biography puts into focus the transposition of Greek-Palestinian and -Egyptian monk congregations including relics and texts to Italy and especially Rome during the seventh century. The relevance of the surviving texts from the school of Canterbury for the study of seventh-century Middle Eastern history is then further illustrated with a version of the so-called legend of the Seven Sleepers of Ephesos recorded in Theodore’s biblical exegesis. Theodore’s specific version of that legend overlaps significantly with the version contained in the Qurʾān in Sura 18 (al-Kahf, “The cave”). It has always been clear that Sūrat al-Kahf refers to the Christian Seven Sleepers legend. However, since all other hitherto known versions of the story differed significantly from the Qurʾān version, the connection between the versions was usually imagined within a model of “oral transmission.” The version recorded from Theodore’s seventh century teaching sessions now allow us to draw a more nuanced picture in which this specific version of the legend can be situated in seventh-century Palestine. Possibly it was linked to the veneration of Lot in that region, drawing a parallel between Lot’s wife, who had supposedly been transformed into a pillar of salt, but was apparently thought to not have died, and the unnaturally long sleep of the Seven Sleepers over centuries.","PeriodicalId":44652,"journal":{"name":"ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS","volume":"100 1","pages":"7 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46847288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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