Stroke is the leading cause of disability and can cause various degrees of disturbance, such as decreased muscle tone,loss of sensation in various body parts, and limitations in moving the affected limbs to perform certain activities. This studyaimed to see the effectiveness of the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) (Contract-Relax) technique and Therapyhandball exercises in improving the motor skill of the affected hand in non-haemorrhagic post-stroke patients. The sample forthis study was 30 patients and were divided into two groups (Group A & Group B), 15 patients each. Both groups were givenconventional physiotherapy before starting with the interventions respectively. Box and Block tests and Bardel index wereperformed pre-treatment and post-treatment to see the changes and for the outcome measurement. PNF(Contract-Relax)technique was given in sets of three, five days a week, and Therapy Hand Ball exercises in three, five days a week for threeweeks. Both interventions were given to every individual in both Groups. This study found that both groups have improvedmotor dexterity of the hand (affected side), with better improvement observed for the group that did the Therapy Hand Ballexercises compared to the PNF(Contract-Relax) technique. From the data analysis of the prolonged treatment Therapy, HandBall exercises showed better results when compared to the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation PNF (Contract-Relaxed)Technique, as Therapy Hand Ball exercises can be easily performed at home by the patient himself , whereas the PNF CRtechnique needs a Physiotherapist to perform the treatment.
{"title":"Evaluation of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) and Therapy Hand Ball to Improve Motor Dexterity in Post-Stroke Patients","authors":"None Tongpangmeren, Trishna Saikia Baruah, Niharika Dihidar, Mantu Paul, Abhijit Dutta","doi":"10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l468-l481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l468-l481","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke is the leading cause of disability and can cause various degrees of disturbance, such as decreased muscle tone,loss of sensation in various body parts, and limitations in moving the affected limbs to perform certain activities. This studyaimed to see the effectiveness of the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) (Contract-Relax) technique and Therapyhandball exercises in improving the motor skill of the affected hand in non-haemorrhagic post-stroke patients. The sample forthis study was 30 patients and were divided into two groups (Group A & Group B), 15 patients each. Both groups were givenconventional physiotherapy before starting with the interventions respectively. Box and Block tests and Bardel index wereperformed pre-treatment and post-treatment to see the changes and for the outcome measurement. PNF(Contract-Relax)technique was given in sets of three, five days a week, and Therapy Hand Ball exercises in three, five days a week for threeweeks. Both interventions were given to every individual in both Groups. This study found that both groups have improvedmotor dexterity of the hand (affected side), with better improvement observed for the group that did the Therapy Hand Ballexercises compared to the PNF(Contract-Relax) technique. From the data analysis of the prolonged treatment Therapy, HandBall exercises showed better results when compared to the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation PNF (Contract-Relaxed)Technique, as Therapy Hand Ball exercises can be easily performed at home by the patient himself , whereas the PNF CRtechnique needs a Physiotherapist to perform the treatment.","PeriodicalId":44665,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research","volume":"83 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135456149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l11-l21
Rani .K, Parimalavalli .R
Mango is known as the "King of Tropical Fruits" and is one of the world's most popular fruits. Mango fruit processinggenerates 25-40% waste consisting of peels and kernels, presenting a significant opportunity for by-product recovery. A mangoseed kernel starch has been isolated using sedimentation, centrifugation, and alkali methods. The study aims to apply centrifugation,sedimentation, and alkali methods to isolate the starch from mango seed kernel and study the effects on the physiochemical,functional, and FTIR characteristics of starch. The results of this investigation revealed that the highest starch yield was observedby the alkali method (81.11%), followed by sedimentation (64.11%) and centrifugation (63.16%). The physio-chemical propertiesrevealed that the centrifugation method had high protein (1.77±0.005g) and lipid (0.78g) content.In contrast, the highest starchyield (97.32g) and amylose (28.13g) content were observed in the alkali method. The functional properties like solubility index(23.0%) and swelling power (11.36g/g) were also increased in the alkali method, which maintained this tendency throughout time.When compared to centrifugation and alkali methods, the water-binding capacity of the sedimentation (90.23%) method wassignificantly increased in the mango kernel starches (p<0.05). Results of FTIR analysis showed that all starches share the samestructural properties, including O-H groups, O=C=O stretching, C-H bending, C=C bending, and -CH stretching. The studyconcludes that extraction using the alkali method had a significantly important role in the physio-chemical and functional propertiesof mango kernel starches, which may be used to improve the textural and sensory aspects in formulations of novel products
{"title":"Extraction and Quality Evaluation of Starch from Sindhoora Variety Mango Seed Kernel","authors":"Rani .K, Parimalavalli .R","doi":"10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l11-l21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l11-l21","url":null,"abstract":"Mango is known as the \"King of Tropical Fruits\" and is one of the world's most popular fruits. Mango fruit processinggenerates 25-40% waste consisting of peels and kernels, presenting a significant opportunity for by-product recovery. A mangoseed kernel starch has been isolated using sedimentation, centrifugation, and alkali methods. The study aims to apply centrifugation,sedimentation, and alkali methods to isolate the starch from mango seed kernel and study the effects on the physiochemical,functional, and FTIR characteristics of starch. The results of this investigation revealed that the highest starch yield was observedby the alkali method (81.11%), followed by sedimentation (64.11%) and centrifugation (63.16%). The physio-chemical propertiesrevealed that the centrifugation method had high protein (1.77±0.005g) and lipid (0.78g) content.In contrast, the highest starchyield (97.32g) and amylose (28.13g) content were observed in the alkali method. The functional properties like solubility index(23.0%) and swelling power (11.36g/g) were also increased in the alkali method, which maintained this tendency throughout time.When compared to centrifugation and alkali methods, the water-binding capacity of the sedimentation (90.23%) method wassignificantly increased in the mango kernel starches (p<0.05). Results of FTIR analysis showed that all starches share the samestructural properties, including O-H groups, O=C=O stretching, C-H bending, C=C bending, and -CH stretching. The studyconcludes that extraction using the alkali method had a significantly important role in the physio-chemical and functional propertiesof mango kernel starches, which may be used to improve the textural and sensory aspects in formulations of novel products","PeriodicalId":44665,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research","volume":"41 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134956793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A rectifier that is a unique merger of the two utterly non-identical therapeutic procedures, namely Viddhakarma (piercing) and Agnikarma(thermal cauterization), collectively termed "Viddhagnikarma." It is a modification of the concept by the types of Agni karma procedure developed byAcharya Sushrut that states the use of different instruments for Agni karma at different sites. As muscles, tendons, and ligaments are deep structures, theheat produced must reach them via a medium that bypasses the skin to prevent skin burn, so viddhagnikarma was brought into play. Vishwachi can becorrelated to cervical spondylosis as they both have the same signs and symptoms. Vishwachi is most commonly found in the geriatric age group withsymptoms of morning stiffness at the cervical region, difficulty in neck movements, radiating pain, tingling sensation in the upper limb, and difficulty inneck movements. The study aims to relieve pain and regression in other symptoms by restoring normal neck and arm movements without adverseeffects. NSAID and many more have been more aggressively used and have to be replaced by some alternative therapy that is safe in the geriatric agegroup that is cheap comparatively.This case study introduces a therapeutic regimen called viddhagnikarma for pain management in an 81-year-old ladydiagnosed with Vishwachi (cervical spondylosis) that presented with no relief from topical analgesics and muscle relaxants. The patient has great reliefwithin two sittings, i.e., after 7 days, with no adverse effects.
{"title":"Prodigy Long-Established Solution in Degenerative Musculoskeletal Disease as Vishwachi with Special Reference to Cervical Spondylosis - A Novel Case Report","authors":"Prathamesh Pradeep Kashikar, Archana Kukade-Shinde, Sanjay Chandrakant Babar, Janesh Gupta","doi":"10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l122-l131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l122-l131","url":null,"abstract":"A rectifier that is a unique merger of the two utterly non-identical therapeutic procedures, namely Viddhakarma (piercing) and Agnikarma(thermal cauterization), collectively termed \"Viddhagnikarma.\" It is a modification of the concept by the types of Agni karma procedure developed byAcharya Sushrut that states the use of different instruments for Agni karma at different sites. As muscles, tendons, and ligaments are deep structures, theheat produced must reach them via a medium that bypasses the skin to prevent skin burn, so viddhagnikarma was brought into play. Vishwachi can becorrelated to cervical spondylosis as they both have the same signs and symptoms. Vishwachi is most commonly found in the geriatric age group withsymptoms of morning stiffness at the cervical region, difficulty in neck movements, radiating pain, tingling sensation in the upper limb, and difficulty inneck movements. The study aims to relieve pain and regression in other symptoms by restoring normal neck and arm movements without adverseeffects. NSAID and many more have been more aggressively used and have to be replaced by some alternative therapy that is safe in the geriatric agegroup that is cheap comparatively.This case study introduces a therapeutic regimen called viddhagnikarma for pain management in an 81-year-old ladydiagnosed with Vishwachi (cervical spondylosis) that presented with no relief from topical analgesics and muscle relaxants. The patient has great reliefwithin two sittings, i.e., after 7 days, with no adverse effects.","PeriodicalId":44665,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research","volume":"744 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134956949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.p28-p36
Dr. Shreya Soni, Dr. Sheetal Asutkar, Dr. Sandeep Kumar Upadhyay, Dr. Yogesh Yadav
Swelling, discomfort, redness, soreness, and a localized increase in temperature are the clinical signs of an abscess. Fistula in ano,the complication most frequently with perianal abscess, is caused by poor pus drainage or incorrect dressing in the post-operative stage.Modern science describes treatment as a two-step process, including an incision and drainage. An abscess can be correlated to Vidradhi inAyurveda. The irritated Dosha affects the tweak, rakta, means, media, and asthi; majja becomes localized and causes a problematic swelling knownas Vidradhi that is deeply ingrained, painful, and expands steadily. When its Pakwa avastha is complete, the vidradhi opens up or bursts. At thisstage, we must perform bhedhana karma to drain the vitiated materials that cause a cavity. The case presented was a recurrent Perianalabscess associated with fistula in ano with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in which the patient had severely deranged Kidney functions, poorsigns of oral nutrition, swollen feet and ankles, puffiness around eyes, oliguria leading to Septic Shock, was managed through Surgical andintegrated approach of Ayurveda. The method followed here is pre-operative medications which was the utmost emergency as the patientwas in Septic shock, and then the surgical management, i.e., Incision (Bhedana) leading to immediate drainage of peri-anal abscess followed byKsheerasutra application for complete drainage along with cutting & healing of the cavity. The planned treatment of the Ksheerasutra applicationafter I & D resulted in a complete cure for the condition. This case study provides the successful emergency management of Gudagata vidradhiwith Bhagandara and comorbidities via surgical & Ayurvedic management.
肿胀、不适、发红、疼痛和局部温度升高是脓肿的临床症状。肛瘘是肛周脓肿最常见的并发症，是由于术后脓液引流不良或敷料不正确引起的。现代科学将治疗分为两步，包括切开和引流。脓肿可能与阿育吠陀的维德拉有关。被激怒的Dosha影响了调整、rakta、手段、媒介和哮喘;大麻变得局部性，导致一种叫做维德拉底的有问题的肿胀，这种肿胀根深蒂固，疼痛，并且不断扩大。当它的Pakwa avastha完成时，vidradhi打开或爆发。在这个阶段，我们必须执行身外业力，排出导致空腔的污浊物质。本病例为慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)患者复发性脓肿周围并发瘘管，患者肾功能严重紊乱，口腔营养不良，足部和脚踝肿胀，眼周浮肿，少尿导致感染性休克，通过手术和阿育吠陀综合方法治疗。这里采用的方法是术前药物治疗，这是最紧急的，因为患者处于感染性休克状态，然后进行手术处理，即切开(Bhedana)导致肛门周围脓肿立即引流，然后应用ksheerasutra进行完全引流，同时切开;龋齿的愈合I & I &D可以完全治愈这种疾病。本案例研究提供了通过外科手术成功处理伴有大腹病和合并症的古达加塔·维拉德的紧急管理。阿育吠陀的管理。
{"title":"Case Study On Successful Management of Complicated Fistula in Ano with CKD and Septic Shock Through Integrated Surgical Approach","authors":"Dr. Shreya Soni, Dr. Sheetal Asutkar, Dr. Sandeep Kumar Upadhyay, Dr. Yogesh Yadav","doi":"10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.p28-p36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.p28-p36","url":null,"abstract":"Swelling, discomfort, redness, soreness, and a localized increase in temperature are the clinical signs of an abscess. Fistula in ano,the complication most frequently with perianal abscess, is caused by poor pus drainage or incorrect dressing in the post-operative stage.Modern science describes treatment as a two-step process, including an incision and drainage. An abscess can be correlated to Vidradhi inAyurveda. The irritated Dosha affects the tweak, rakta, means, media, and asthi; majja becomes localized and causes a problematic swelling knownas Vidradhi that is deeply ingrained, painful, and expands steadily. When its Pakwa avastha is complete, the vidradhi opens up or bursts. At thisstage, we must perform bhedhana karma to drain the vitiated materials that cause a cavity. The case presented was a recurrent Perianalabscess associated with fistula in ano with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in which the patient had severely deranged Kidney functions, poorsigns of oral nutrition, swollen feet and ankles, puffiness around eyes, oliguria leading to Septic Shock, was managed through Surgical andintegrated approach of Ayurveda. The method followed here is pre-operative medications which was the utmost emergency as the patientwas in Septic shock, and then the surgical management, i.e., Incision (Bhedana) leading to immediate drainage of peri-anal abscess followed byKsheerasutra application for complete drainage along with cutting & healing of the cavity. The planned treatment of the Ksheerasutra applicationafter I & D resulted in a complete cure for the condition. This case study provides the successful emergency management of Gudagata vidradhiwith Bhagandara and comorbidities via surgical & Ayurvedic management.","PeriodicalId":44665,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research","volume":"743 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134956950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l171-l181
Bindu D, Chitralekha Saikumar
Beta-lactamases are enzymes that confer resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria produces these enzymes. There are about 3000 enzymes that initially emerged from bacteria found in the environment to protect themselves from the natural β-lactam. After the 1980s, many transmissible enzymes were detected periodically, resistant to cephalosporins, monobactam, and carbapenems. These enzymes were classified based on function and molecular structure. Among them AmpC β-lactamases were found to be resistant to β-lactams and β-lactamases inhibitors. They are class C cephalosporinases that confer resistance to the first, second, third generation cephalosporins and cephamycin, and also resistance to beta-lactamases inhibitors such as sulbactam, tazobactam, and clavulanic acid. Family Enterobacteriaceae comprises many organisms that cause community and nosocomial infections, such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter spp, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Salmonella species. Beta-lactamases are produced by Enterobacteriaceae, where AmpC beta-lactamases are found to be one of the mechanisms. Different types of AmpC beta-lactamases: mutation/attenuation in the chromosome, induced plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases. Some Enterobacteriaceae, like Enterobacter, carry it on their chromosome, and some other Enterobacteriaceae has plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases. This type of resistance has led to increased mortality and morbidity. It is challenging to detect these AmpC beta-lactamases in diagnostic settings. Still, the detection of AmpC β- lactamases is cumbersome, and no approved methods are found in CLSI guidelines. But the prevalence of AmpC beta-lactamases has increased drastically in Asia. The review aims to give an overview of AmpC β-lactamases. The objective of this review is to review the evolution, types, detection methods, recent world epidemiology, treatment options, and current updates of the AmpC beta-lactamases.
{"title":"AmpC β-Lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae - A Mini Review","authors":"Bindu D, Chitralekha Saikumar","doi":"10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l171-l181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l171-l181","url":null,"abstract":"Beta-lactamases are enzymes that confer resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria produces these enzymes. There are about 3000 enzymes that initially emerged from bacteria found in the environment to protect themselves from the natural β-lactam. After the 1980s, many transmissible enzymes were detected periodically, resistant to cephalosporins, monobactam, and carbapenems. These enzymes were classified based on function and molecular structure. Among them AmpC β-lactamases were found to be resistant to β-lactams and β-lactamases inhibitors. They are class C cephalosporinases that confer resistance to the first, second, third generation cephalosporins and cephamycin, and also resistance to beta-lactamases inhibitors such as sulbactam, tazobactam, and clavulanic acid. Family Enterobacteriaceae comprises many organisms that cause community and nosocomial infections, such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter spp, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Salmonella species. Beta-lactamases are produced by Enterobacteriaceae, where AmpC beta-lactamases are found to be one of the mechanisms. Different types of AmpC beta-lactamases: mutation/attenuation in the chromosome, induced plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases. Some Enterobacteriaceae, like Enterobacter, carry it on their chromosome, and some other Enterobacteriaceae has plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases. This type of resistance has led to increased mortality and morbidity. It is challenging to detect these AmpC beta-lactamases in diagnostic settings. Still, the detection of AmpC β- lactamases is cumbersome, and no approved methods are found in CLSI guidelines. But the prevalence of AmpC beta-lactamases has increased drastically in Asia. The review aims to give an overview of AmpC β-lactamases. The objective of this review is to review the evolution, types, detection methods, recent world epidemiology, treatment options, and current updates of the AmpC beta-lactamases.","PeriodicalId":44665,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research","volume":"3 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134996063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l482-l488
Hossein Seidkhani, Reza Valizadeh
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in whsich a person’s immune system destroys the myelin around nerve cells in the central nervous system (CNS), yet the peripheral nervous system remains intact. The aim of this study is to investigate the bioinformatics of gene biomarkers in multiple sclerosis. In this study, after reviewing the texts and searching for the bioinformatics databases of NCBI, Gencards, Swiss-prot, Diseasome, etc. the genes involved in the disease based on at, least one of the methods in-vivo, in-vitro, and in-silico has been suggested to be extracted will be considered as candidate genes. In order to compare the results in case and control groups, the expression data obtained from each group was standardized compared to the control group. Then, the connection network of expression data of candidate genes in patients and healthy people was drawn separately with the help of MATLAB software (Version 9.1), and the correctness of these networks and determined biomarkers was checked using the rectome and diseasome database. All statistical calculations were done using R and Matlab software. In the present study, using 5 central criteria including: maximum neighborhood component, degree, closeness, radiality and betweeness, the set of essential genes of MS disease was identified. Based on the results of the central criteria method, TNF, CD40, IL2, IL2RA, IL 7 genes had the most repetitions. According to the identification of the most effective genes related to MS disease in the present study, it is suggested that further studies be designed at the in vitro and clinical levels on the identified effective genes as diagnostic biomarkers of MS disease.
{"title":"Bioinformatics Evolution of Gene Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"Hossein Seidkhani, Reza Valizadeh","doi":"10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l482-l488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l482-l488","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in whsich a person’s immune system destroys the myelin around nerve cells in the central nervous system (CNS), yet the peripheral nervous system remains intact. The aim of this study is to investigate the bioinformatics of gene biomarkers in multiple sclerosis. In this study, after reviewing the texts and searching for the bioinformatics databases of NCBI, Gencards, Swiss-prot, Diseasome, etc. the genes involved in the disease based on at, least one of the methods in-vivo, in-vitro, and in-silico has been suggested to be extracted will be considered as candidate genes. In order to compare the results in case and control groups, the expression data obtained from each group was standardized compared to the control group. Then, the connection network of expression data of candidate genes in patients and healthy people was drawn separately with the help of MATLAB software (Version 9.1), and the correctness of these networks and determined biomarkers was checked using the rectome and diseasome database. All statistical calculations were done using R and Matlab software. In the present study, using 5 central criteria including: maximum neighborhood component, degree, closeness, radiality and betweeness, the set of essential genes of MS disease was identified. Based on the results of the central criteria method, TNF, CD40, IL2, IL2RA, IL 7 genes had the most repetitions. According to the identification of the most effective genes related to MS disease in the present study, it is suggested that further studies be designed at the in vitro and clinical levels on the identified effective genes as diagnostic biomarkers of MS disease.","PeriodicalId":44665,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research","volume":"229 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135116411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lumbosacral radiculopathy is a frequently reported health issue in middle-aged people, with a prevalence varying fromabout 2.2% to 8%. Neurodynamic mobilization (NM) and Neurodynamic sustained natural apophyseal glide (N-SNAG) techniqueswere proven effective for Lumbosacral radiculopathy. But controversies are prevalent regarding the effectiveness of their treatmentin previous studies. N-SNAG is also a comparatively new technique that is clinically being used around, but more literature is neededto analyze its effectiveness. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of N-SNAG in comparison with NM and conventional generalexercises in treating lumbosacral radiculopathy on pain, mobility, disability, muscle activation, and health-related quality of life(HRQL). One hundred and twenty-seven patients aged between 30 and 50 years were randomly allocated into 3 different treatmentgroups, where the first and second groups received N-SNAG and NM with general exercises, and the third (control) group receivedgeneral exercises only. Range of motion of lumbar and hip flexion, active straight leg raising, low back pain, radiculopathy pain, muscleactivation of biceps femoris and gastrocnemius muscles, disability, and HRQL were evaluated at baseline, and the end of 1st week, 2ndweek, 7th week and 18th week for all the groups. Two-way repeated measure ANOVA with Bonferroni’s t-test revealed significant(p<0.05) improvement in the range of lumbar and hip flexion, LBP, radiculopathy pain, active SLR, disability, and HRQL in both withingroups and between groups. Muscle activation of biceps femoris and gastrocnemius also improved significantly (p<0.05) in all threegroups, but no significant (p>0.05) differences were seen between groups. The study concludes that N-SNAG is more efficient thanNM and general exercise in improving pain, lumbar and hip flexion range, SLR, disability, Muscle activation, and HRQL in Lumbosacralradiculopathy patients.
{"title":"Effects of Neurodynamics Versus Neurodynamic Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glide in Lumbosacral Radiculopathy","authors":"Anwesh Pradhan, Muthukumaran Jothilingam, Shabnam Agarwal","doi":"10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l211-l226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l211-l226","url":null,"abstract":"Lumbosacral radiculopathy is a frequently reported health issue in middle-aged people, with a prevalence varying fromabout 2.2% to 8%. Neurodynamic mobilization (NM) and Neurodynamic sustained natural apophyseal glide (N-SNAG) techniqueswere proven effective for Lumbosacral radiculopathy. But controversies are prevalent regarding the effectiveness of their treatmentin previous studies. N-SNAG is also a comparatively new technique that is clinically being used around, but more literature is neededto analyze its effectiveness. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of N-SNAG in comparison with NM and conventional generalexercises in treating lumbosacral radiculopathy on pain, mobility, disability, muscle activation, and health-related quality of life(HRQL). One hundred and twenty-seven patients aged between 30 and 50 years were randomly allocated into 3 different treatmentgroups, where the first and second groups received N-SNAG and NM with general exercises, and the third (control) group receivedgeneral exercises only. Range of motion of lumbar and hip flexion, active straight leg raising, low back pain, radiculopathy pain, muscleactivation of biceps femoris and gastrocnemius muscles, disability, and HRQL were evaluated at baseline, and the end of 1st week, 2ndweek, 7th week and 18th week for all the groups. Two-way repeated measure ANOVA with Bonferroni’s t-test revealed significant(p<0.05) improvement in the range of lumbar and hip flexion, LBP, radiculopathy pain, active SLR, disability, and HRQL in both withingroups and between groups. Muscle activation of biceps femoris and gastrocnemius also improved significantly (p<0.05) in all threegroups, but no significant (p>0.05) differences were seen between groups. The study concludes that N-SNAG is more efficient thanNM and general exercise in improving pain, lumbar and hip flexion range, SLR, disability, Muscle activation, and HRQL in Lumbosacralradiculopathy patients.","PeriodicalId":44665,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research","volume":"366 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135321331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The transdermal route has drawn considerable attention and has emerged as a solid alternative to mimic the drawbacks of drugdelivery through the oral and parenteral routes. However, the effectiveness of TDDS is often limited by the skin's outermost layer, the stratumcorneum (SC), which acts as a barrier to drug diffusion. In addition, the drug molecule's molecular weight, hydrophilicity, and ionic nature canalso impact its transdermal delivery. Various methods have been developed to overcome these limitations to facilitate drug penetration acrossthe SC, including nano-carriers, wearable delivery systems, and combination-based approaches. The use of nano-carriers, such as dendrimers,liposomes, niosomes, and micro sponges, has shown promise in enhancing the efficacy of TDDS. Another emerging innovation for TDDS iswearable delivery systems, which offer non-invasive, convenient, and extended drug administration. Additionally, combination-based approaches,such as ultrasound and microneedle-based systems or ultrasound and electrical-based techniques, are also being investigated and are the centerof attraction in the research of TDDS approaches. This review summarizes a combination of all different novel penetration enhancementtechniques used to enhance the efficacy of transdermal drug delivery systems that were not precisely captured by other review articles. Most ofthe review articles emphasized these penetration enhancement techniques separately. However, a careful review of all the penetrationenhancement techniques in one article is missing. Thus, the purpose of this article is to comprehensively review and summarize the recentlyused penetration enhancement techniques along with the possible mechanism of action in a single article. Our primary aim is to collect relevantreviews and research articles by searching various databases to provide a comprehensive overview of the field. By providing a comprehensiveoverview of the available techniques, this review article will help students and researchers stay up-to-date with the latest developments in thefield of novel penetration enhancement techniques used to increase the efficiency of TDDS.
{"title":"Increasing Efficiency of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems Using Some Novel Penetration Enhancement Techniques - A Critical Review","authors":"Abikesh Prasada Kumar Mahapatra, Neelkant Prasad, Niranjan Panda, Basudev Paul, Abhiram Rout","doi":"10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.p51-p77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.p51-p77","url":null,"abstract":"The transdermal route has drawn considerable attention and has emerged as a solid alternative to mimic the drawbacks of drugdelivery through the oral and parenteral routes. However, the effectiveness of TDDS is often limited by the skin's outermost layer, the stratumcorneum (SC), which acts as a barrier to drug diffusion. In addition, the drug molecule's molecular weight, hydrophilicity, and ionic nature canalso impact its transdermal delivery. Various methods have been developed to overcome these limitations to facilitate drug penetration acrossthe SC, including nano-carriers, wearable delivery systems, and combination-based approaches. The use of nano-carriers, such as dendrimers,liposomes, niosomes, and micro sponges, has shown promise in enhancing the efficacy of TDDS. Another emerging innovation for TDDS iswearable delivery systems, which offer non-invasive, convenient, and extended drug administration. Additionally, combination-based approaches,such as ultrasound and microneedle-based systems or ultrasound and electrical-based techniques, are also being investigated and are the centerof attraction in the research of TDDS approaches. This review summarizes a combination of all different novel penetration enhancementtechniques used to enhance the efficacy of transdermal drug delivery systems that were not precisely captured by other review articles. Most ofthe review articles emphasized these penetration enhancement techniques separately. However, a careful review of all the penetrationenhancement techniques in one article is missing. Thus, the purpose of this article is to comprehensively review and summarize the recentlyused penetration enhancement techniques along with the possible mechanism of action in a single article. Our primary aim is to collect relevantreviews and research articles by searching various databases to provide a comprehensive overview of the field. By providing a comprehensiveoverview of the available techniques, this review article will help students and researchers stay up-to-date with the latest developments in thefield of novel penetration enhancement techniques used to increase the efficiency of TDDS.","PeriodicalId":44665,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135373265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting any organ with diverse clinicalmanifestations. Lupus-related acute pancreatitis (AP) is a serious cause of SLE-induced acute abdominal discomfort, along with lupusmesenteric vasculitis. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex and chronic autoimmune disease characterized by its ability toaffect virtually any organ system, resulting in a wide array of clinical manifestations. One particularly severe complication associatedwith SLE is lupus-related acute pancreatitis (AP), which can cause acute abdominal discomfort. Lupus mesenteric vasculitis is anotherabdominal manifestation of SLE, further highlighting the systemic nature of the disease. Lupus pancreatitis is more common in femalesand the third decade of life, with an incidence ranging from 0.7% to 4%. This case report describes a 16-year-old Saudi female whopresented to the emergency department with episodic fever, epigastric abdominal pain, sweating, loss of appetite, and diarrhoea,among other symptoms. Her laboratory test results showed leukopenia, anaemia, increased liver, and pancreatic enzyme levels,increased inflammatory markers, and hypocomplementemia. She was diagnosed with lupus pancreatitis after ruling out other potentialcauses. Treatment included steroids and hydroxychloroquine. The patient showed marked improvement in resolving all symptoms,emphasizing the need for prompt diagnosis and management. This case insists on timely diagnosis and appropriate management inmitigating the potentially severe consequences of lupus pancreatitis and other SLE-related complications. In conclusion, SLE is amultifaceted autoimmune condition that affects various organs, including the pancreas, leading to conditions like lupus pancreatitis.The presented case serves as a poignant reminder of the diverse clinical presentations of SLE and highlights the crucial role of promptdiagnosis and effective management in improving patient outcomes.
{"title":"Unusual Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Acute Pancreatitis: A Case Report","authors":"Majed Saleh Alanazi, Ahmed Hameed Alreshidi, Hamoud Fahad Aldhamadi, Yasir Saleh Alrashidi, Abdulaziz Khalid Alshammari","doi":"10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l543-l547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l543-l547","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting any organ with diverse clinicalmanifestations. Lupus-related acute pancreatitis (AP) is a serious cause of SLE-induced acute abdominal discomfort, along with lupusmesenteric vasculitis. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex and chronic autoimmune disease characterized by its ability toaffect virtually any organ system, resulting in a wide array of clinical manifestations. One particularly severe complication associatedwith SLE is lupus-related acute pancreatitis (AP), which can cause acute abdominal discomfort. Lupus mesenteric vasculitis is anotherabdominal manifestation of SLE, further highlighting the systemic nature of the disease. Lupus pancreatitis is more common in femalesand the third decade of life, with an incidence ranging from 0.7% to 4%. This case report describes a 16-year-old Saudi female whopresented to the emergency department with episodic fever, epigastric abdominal pain, sweating, loss of appetite, and diarrhoea,among other symptoms. Her laboratory test results showed leukopenia, anaemia, increased liver, and pancreatic enzyme levels,increased inflammatory markers, and hypocomplementemia. She was diagnosed with lupus pancreatitis after ruling out other potentialcauses. Treatment included steroids and hydroxychloroquine. The patient showed marked improvement in resolving all symptoms,emphasizing the need for prompt diagnosis and management. This case insists on timely diagnosis and appropriate management inmitigating the potentially severe consequences of lupus pancreatitis and other SLE-related complications. In conclusion, SLE is amultifaceted autoimmune condition that affects various organs, including the pancreas, leading to conditions like lupus pancreatitis.The presented case serves as a poignant reminder of the diverse clinical presentations of SLE and highlights the crucial role of promptdiagnosis and effective management in improving patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":44665,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research","volume":"54 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135455104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The most commonly diagnosed type of arthritis is osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint, the incidence of which constantly increases with increasing life expectancy. Theaim of this case study is the multidisciplinary management of the patient with knee endoprosthetics. The case was defined as the right knee joint's osteoarthritis operative treatmentand rehabilitation. A 64-year-old -male patient complained of right-sided stage III idiopathic gonarthrosis. The patient passed the general blood analysis, biochemical blood analysis,coagulogram, and urine analysis. The patient passed the ultrasound low limbs veins examination. The total right knee endoprosthesis with the implantation was done. The prosthesiscomponents as Journey II BCS Femoral Component Right 4, Tibial component Journey Right 4, and liner Journey II BCS XLPE Right 10 mm 3-4 were fixed to the male patient. Thepatient's rehabilitation period passed through three stages: III, idiopathic gonarthrosis with various deformities of the right lower limb; stage III, patellofemoral arthrosis, synovitis ofthe right knee joint, osteoporosis, complicated joint insufficiency, and stage III. The male patient was prescribed the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The male patientreceived the treatment with the hyaluronic acid. The male patient had no improvement results for four years, and the pharmacological treatment was unsuccessful. The prosthesiscomponents are Journey II BCS Femoral Component Right 4, Tibial component Journey Right 4, and liner Journey II BCS XLPE Right 10 mm 3-4 fixed to the male patient. Physicalrehabilitation after the total knee endoprosthetic was performed several stages after surgery. Stage one - immediately after surgery during the first 5 days. Stage two – the clinicalstage in the early recovery period. Stage three - after the hospital during the first 3 months. After 6 months, the male patient was allowed to walk without the additional support.He was restricted from lifting weights and preventing falls. A year after the operation, the right knee joint movements' amplitude was sufficient, and there was no pain syndrome.Total knee endoprosthesis leads to high patient satisfaction and provides patients with life-quality benefits, pain relief, and function. The patient's rehabilitation period, includingphysical exercises and physiotherapy, is a very important stage. Effective patient rehabilitation after knee endoprosthetics is possible using multidisciplinary management.
最常见的关节炎类型是膝关节骨关节炎(OA)，其发病率随着预期寿命的增加而不断增加。本案例研究的目的是膝关节内假体患者的多学科管理。本病例定义为右膝关节骨关节炎的手术治疗与康复。一位64岁男性患者主诉右侧III期特发性关节病。患者通过了血液常规分析、血液生化分析、凝血图、尿液分析。患者通过超声下肢静脉检查。完成全右膝关节内假体植入。将假体假体Journey II BCS股骨假体Right 4、胫骨假体Journey Right 4和内线Journey II BCS XLPE Right 10 mm 3-4固定于男性患者。患者的康复期经历了三个阶段:特发性关节病伴右下肢各种畸形;III期，髌股关节，右膝关节滑膜炎，骨质疏松症，并发关节功能不全，III期。男性患者给予非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)。男性患者接受玻尿酸治疗。男性患者4年无改善效果，药物治疗未果。假体组件为Journey II BCS股骨组件Right 4，胫骨组件Journey Right 4，以及固定于男性患者的Journey II BCS XLPE Right 10 mm - 3-4。全膝关节内假体术后的物理康复是在手术后的几个阶段进行的。第一阶段-手术后的头5天。第二阶段——早期恢复期的临床阶段。第三阶段——住院后的头3个月。6个月后，允许男性患者在没有额外支撑的情况下行走。他被限制举重和防止摔倒。术后1年，右膝关节活动幅度足，无疼痛综合征。全膝关节内假体导致患者高满意度，并提供患者生活质量的好处，疼痛缓解和功能。患者的康复期，包括体育锻炼和物理治疗，是一个非常重要的阶段。通过多学科的管理，有效的患者膝关节内假体术后康复是可能的。
{"title":"Multidisciplinary Management of the Patient with Knee Endoprosthetics. A Case Report","authors":"Zhuravleva Nadezhda Vladimirovna, Diomidova Valentina Nikolaevna, Ukhterova Nadezhda Dmitrievna, Guryanova Evgenia Arkadievna, Smirnova Tatyana Lvovna, Vlasov Andrey Valerievich","doi":"10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l427-l435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22376/ijlpr.2023.13.6.l427-l435","url":null,"abstract":"The most commonly diagnosed type of arthritis is osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint, the incidence of which constantly increases with increasing life expectancy. Theaim of this case study is the multidisciplinary management of the patient with knee endoprosthetics. The case was defined as the right knee joint's osteoarthritis operative treatmentand rehabilitation. A 64-year-old -male patient complained of right-sided stage III idiopathic gonarthrosis. The patient passed the general blood analysis, biochemical blood analysis,coagulogram, and urine analysis. The patient passed the ultrasound low limbs veins examination. The total right knee endoprosthesis with the implantation was done. The prosthesiscomponents as Journey II BCS Femoral Component Right 4, Tibial component Journey Right 4, and liner Journey II BCS XLPE Right 10 mm 3-4 were fixed to the male patient. Thepatient's rehabilitation period passed through three stages: III, idiopathic gonarthrosis with various deformities of the right lower limb; stage III, patellofemoral arthrosis, synovitis ofthe right knee joint, osteoporosis, complicated joint insufficiency, and stage III. The male patient was prescribed the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The male patientreceived the treatment with the hyaluronic acid. The male patient had no improvement results for four years, and the pharmacological treatment was unsuccessful. The prosthesiscomponents are Journey II BCS Femoral Component Right 4, Tibial component Journey Right 4, and liner Journey II BCS XLPE Right 10 mm 3-4 fixed to the male patient. Physicalrehabilitation after the total knee endoprosthetic was performed several stages after surgery. Stage one - immediately after surgery during the first 5 days. Stage two – the clinicalstage in the early recovery period. Stage three - after the hospital during the first 3 months. After 6 months, the male patient was allowed to walk without the additional support.He was restricted from lifting weights and preventing falls. A year after the operation, the right knee joint movements' amplitude was sufficient, and there was no pain syndrome.Total knee endoprosthesis leads to high patient satisfaction and provides patients with life-quality benefits, pain relief, and function. The patient's rehabilitation period, includingphysical exercises and physiotherapy, is a very important stage. Effective patient rehabilitation after knee endoprosthetics is possible using multidisciplinary management.","PeriodicalId":44665,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research","volume":"84 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135456143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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